Methanol steam reforming for hydrogen production driven by an atomically precise Cu catalyst

Plasmon-induced hot-electron transfer from metal nanostructures is being intensely pursed in current photocatalytic research,however it remains elusive whether molecular-like metal clusters with excitonic behavior can be used as light-harvesting materials in solar energy utilization such as photocatalytic methanol steam reforming.In this work,we report an atomically precise Cu_(13)cluster protected by dual ligands of thiolate and phosphine that can be viewed as the assembly of one top Cu atom and three Cu_(4)tetrahedra.The Cu_(13)H_(10)(SR)_(3)(PR’_(3))_(7)(SR=2,4-dichlorobenzenethiol,PR’_(3)=P(4-FC_(6)H_(4))_(3))cluster can give rise to highly efficient light-driven activity for methanol steam reforming toward H_(2)production.

Development and Therapeutic Applications of Precise Gene Editing Technology

The advent of gene editing represents one of the most transformative breakthroughs in life science,making genome manipulation more accessible than ever before.While traditional CRISPR/Cas-based gene editing,which involves double-strand DNA breaks(DSBs),excels at gene disruption,it is less effective for accurate gene modification.The limitation arises because DSBs are primarily repaired via non-homologous end joining(NHEJ),which tends to introduce indels at the break site.While homology directed repair(HDR)can achieve precise editing when a donor DNA template is provided,the reliance on DSBs often results in unintended genome damage.HDR is restricted to specific cell cycle phases,limiting its application.Currently,gene editing has evolved to unprecedented levels of precision without relying on DSB and HDR.The development of innovative systems,such as base editing,prime editing,and CRISPR-associated transposases(CASTs),now allow for precise editing ranging from single nucleotides to large DNA fragments.Base editors(BEs)enable the direct conversion of one nucleotide to another,and prime editors(PEs)further expand gene editing capabilities by allowing for the insertion,deletion,or alteration of small DNA fragments.The CAST system,a recent innovation,allows for the precise insertion of large DNA fragments at specific genomic locations.In recent years,the optimization of these precise gene editing tools has led to significant improvements in editing efficiency,specificity,and versatility,with advancements such as the creation of base editors for nucleotide transversions,enhanced prime editing systems for more efficient and precise modifications,and refined CAST systems for targeted large DNA insertions,expanding the range of applications for these tools.Concurrently,these advances are complemented by significant improvements in in vivo delivery methods,which have paved the way for therapeutic application of precise gene editing tools.Effective delivery systems are critical for the success of gene therapies,and recent developments in both viral and non-viral vectors have improved the efficiency and safety of gene editing.For instance,adeno-associated viruses(AAVs)are widely used due to their high transfection efficiency and low immunogenicity,though challenges such as limited cargo capacity and potential for immune responses remain.Non-viral delivery systems,including lipid nanoparticles(LNPs),offer an alternative with lower immunogenicity and higher payload capacity,although their transfection efficiency can be lower.The therapeutic potential of these precise gene editing technologies is vast,particularly in treating genetic disorders.Preclinical studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of base editing in correcting genetic mutations responsible for diseases such as cardiomyopathy,liver disease,and hereditary hearing loss.These technologies promise to treat symptoms and potentially cure the underlying genetic causes of these conditions.Meanwhile,challenges remain,such as optimizing the safety and specificity of gene editing tools,improving delivery systems,and overcoming off-target effects,all of which are critical for their successful application in clinical settings.In summary,the continuous evolution of precise gene editing technologies,combined with advancements in delivery systems,is driving the field toward new therapeutic applications that can potentially transform the treatment of genetic disorders by targeting their root causes.

Fish-on-Chips:unveiling neural processing of chemicals in small animals through precise fluidic control

Precise chemical cue presentation alongside advanced brainwide imaging techniques is important to the study of chemosensory processing in animals.Nevertheless,the dynamic nature of chemical-carrying media,such as water or air,poses a significant challenge for delivering highly-controlled chemical flow to an animal subject.Moreover,contact-based cue manipulation and delivery easily shift the position of the animal subject,which is often undesirable for high-quality brain imaging.Additionally,more advanced interfacing tools that align with the diverse range of body part sizes of an animal,ranging from micrometer-scale neurons to meter-long limbs,are much needed.This is particularly crucial when dealing with dimensions that are beyond the reach of conventional experimental tools.

Self-consistent and precise measurement of time-dependent radiative albedo of gold based on specially symmetrical triple-cavity Hohlraum

A self-consistent and precise method to determine the time-dependent radiative albedo,i.e.,the ratio of the reemission flux to the incident flux,for an indirect-drive inertial confinement fusion Hohlraum wall material is proposed.A specially designed symmetrical triple-cavity gold Hohlraum is used to create approximately constant and near-equilibrium uniform radiation with a peak temperature of 160 eV.The incident flux at the secondary cavity waist is obtained from flux balance analysis and from the shock velocity of a standard sample.The results agree well owing to the symmetrical radiation in the secondary cavity.A self-consistent and precise time-dependent radiative albedo is deduced from the reliable reemission flux and the incident flux,and the result from the shock velocity is found to have a smaller uncertainty than that from the multi-angle flux balance analysis,and also to agree well with the result of a simulation using the HYADES opacity.

Caliper-based precise positioning of the target(CALIPPOT)for transcranial magnetic stimulation without neuronavigation system

To the editor:Transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS)is a non-invasive brain modulation technique.One important usage of TMS is the transient interruption of cognitive brain function(also named virtual lesion)for investigating precisely where and when a specific cortical region contributes to a specific cognitive function.1 A more important usage of TMS is the treatment of brain disorders by repetitive TMS(rTMS).

Clinical value of precise rehabilitation nursing in management of cerebral infarction

BACKGROUND Cerebral infarction,previously referred to as cerebral infarction or ischemic stroke,refers to the localized brain tissue experiencing ischemic necrosis or softening due to disorders in brain blood supply,ischemia,and hypoxia.The precision rehabilitation nursing model for chronic disease management is a continuous,fixed,orderly,and efficient nursing model aimed at standardizing the clinical nursing process,reducing the wastage of medical resources,and improving the quality of medical services.AIM To analyze the value of a precise rehabilitation nursing model for chronic disease management in patients with cerebral infarction.METHODS Patients(n=124)admitted to our hospital with cerebral infarction between November 2019 and November 2021 were enrolled as the study subjects.The random number table method was used to divide them into a conventional nursing intervention group(n=61)and a model nursing intervention group(n=63).Changes in the nursing index for the two groups were compared after conventional nursing intervention and precise rehabilitation intervention nursing for chronic disease management.RESULTS Compared with the conventional intervention group,the model intervention group had a shorter time to clinical symptom relief(P<0.05),lower Hamilton Anxiety Scale and Hamilton Depression Scale scores,a lower incidence of total complications(P<0.05),a higher disease knowledge mastery rate,higher safety and quality,and a higher overall nursing satisfaction rate(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The precision rehabilitation nursing model for chronic disease management improves the clinical symptoms of patients with cerebral infarction,reducing the incidence of total complications and improving the clinical outcome of patients,and is worthy of application in clinical practice.

Empowerment of Precise Ideological and Political Education in Higher Education with Educational Digitalization

The study explores how educational digitalization enables the precise development of ideological and political education in colleges and universities.Digital transformation enables colleges and universities to accurately define educational objectives,content strategies,effect evaluation,and process management,and realize the precision and intelligence of ideological and political education.The application of big data technology enhances the data-oriented thinking of teachers and students,promotes the accurate application of data,and improves the efficiency of ideological and political education.The research also prospected a new vision of the digital construction of ideological and political courses and clarified the theoretical and practical path of the implementation and evaluation mode of ideological and political courses under digital empowerment.Education digitalization enables precise ideological and political education,which is a key way to promote the innovative development of ideological and political education in colleges and universities and will strongly support the improvement of the overall quality of higher education and the training of excellent talents.

医科达Precise直线加速器常见故障及维修三例

医科达Precise医用直线加速器为精准治疗设备,为保证放射治疗工作,快速解决故障问题,本研究主要以Precise直线加速器的常见故障类型为对象,运用科学方法结合实际工作经验,分析总结其维修步骤方法,为相关维修工作者提供参考。在分析医用直线加速器的结构和工作原理的基础上,总结我科加速器频繁出现的“Dose Rate Mon”连锁、“Touch Guard”连锁和“Finepot offset Y2”连锁的故障原因,通过科学的方法逐一排查,最终有效地顺利解决故障问题。在充分掌握加速器结构和原理的基础上,通过故障原因分析与故障维修,有效排除故障问题并总结分析,确保机器的正常运转和临床治疗的工作正常开展,为治疗实施的稳定提供有力保障。

医科达Precise直线加速器常见故障及维修分析

医科达Precise直线加速器广泛应用于肿瘤疾病的放射治疗,对肿瘤患者疾病的治疗与后续身体恢复具有重要意义。应注重并对医科大Precise直线加速器的管理,及时发现该设备出现的故障,并采取科学、合理的方式进行维修,保证该设备可以安全、稳定的运行。结合4例常见故障,分析医科达Precise直线加速器的维修方法,为设备维修提供参考。

An ERA5 tropospheric parameters-augmented approach for improving GNSS precise point positioning

Precise Point Positioning(PPP) technology has developed into a potent instrument for geodetic positioning, ionospheric modeling, tropospheric atmospheric parameter detection, and seismic monitoring.As atmospheric reanalysis data products’ accuracy and spatiotemporal resolution have improved recently, it has become important to apply these products to obtain high-accuracy tropospheric delay parameters, like zenith tropospheric delay(ZTD) and tropospheric horizontal gradient. These tropospheric delay parameters can be applied to PPP to reduce the convergence time and to increase the accuracy in the vertical direction of the position. The European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Reanalysis 5(ERA5) atmospheric reanalysis data is the latest product with a high spatiotemporal resolution released by the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF). Only a few researches have evaluated the application of ERA5 data to Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)PPP. Therefore, this study compared and validated the ZTD products derived from ERA5 data using ZTD values provided by 290 global International GNSS Service(IGS) stations for 2016-2017. The results indicated a stable performance for ZTD, with annual average bias and RMS values of 0.23 cm and 1.09 cm,respectively. Further, GNSS observations for one week in each of the four seasons(spring: DOY 92-98;summer: DOY 199-205;autumn: DOY 275-281;and winter: DOY 22-28) from 34 multi-GNSS experiments(MGEX) stations distributed globally in 2016 were considered to evaluate the performance of ERA5-derived tropospheric delay products in GNSS PPP. The performance of ERA5-enhanced PPP was compared with that of the two standard GNSS PPP schemes(without estimated tropospheric horizontal gradient and with estimated tropospheric horizontal gradient). The results demonstrated that ERA5-enhanced GNSS PPP showed no significant improvement in the convergence times in both the Eastern(E) and Northern(N) directions, while the average convergence time over four weeks in the vertical(U)direction improved by 53.3% and 52.7%, respectively(in the case of pngm station). The average convergence times for each week in the U direction of the northern and southern hemisphere stations indicated a decrease of 16.3%, 12.6%, 9.6%, and 9.1%, and 16.9%, 9.6%, 8.9%, and 14.5%, respectively.Regarding positioning accuracy, ERA5-enhanced PPP showed an improvement of 13.3% and 16.2% over the two standard PPP schemes in the U direction, respectively. No significant improvement in the positioning performance was observed in both the E and N directions. Thus, this study demonstrated the potential application of the ERA5 tropospheric parameters-augmented approach to Beidou navigation and positioning.

Efficient Improvement of Nutritional Content in Rice Grains by Precise Base Editing of OsROS1

Aleurone forms the outermost layer of the rice endosperm and plays a critical role in apoplastic nutrient uptake during endosperm development.Thickening the aleurone layer has been proposed to significantly increase the nutrient content of rice grains.In this study,we used a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated precise base editing method to target OsROS1,a gene associated with aleurone thickness,in the background of the japonica glutinous rice cultivar Zhennuo 19。

Precise Rehabilitation Strategies for Functional Impairment in Children with Cerebral Palsy

This paper explores the effect of precise rehabilitation strategies under the international classification of functioning,disability and health for children and youth(ICF-CY)on the motor function of children with cerebral palsy.Under the framework of ICF-CY,the observation team is designed and evaluated from physical functions,activities and participation,environmental factors,and devel-ops individualized rehabilitation strategies that are tailored to individual character-istics.The control group was assessed by traditional methods and treatment plans and measures were formulated and guided.The course of treatment was 12 months.The scores of GMFM-88,Peabody Motor Development Scale-2con-cluding fine motor quotient(PDMS-FM),WeeFIM and the ability of daily living(ADL)scale(Barthel index,BI)score were compared before and after treatment.The research shows that precise rehabilitation strategy mode for children with cer-ebral palsy under the ICF-CY framework can effectively improve the motor func-tion and the ability of daily living(ADL)in children with cerebral palsy.Rehabilitation evaluation and treatment mode of children with cerebral palsy under ICF-CY framework can effectively improve the gross motor function of children with cerebral palsy.Individualized evaluation and analysis and guidance of comprehensive rehabilitation treatment have certain advantages.The overall treatment effect is better than that of traditional rehabilitation evaluation.

Atomically precise gold nanoclusters for healthcare applications

The potential application of gold nanoparticles(GNPs)in biomedicine has been extensively reported.However,there is still too much puzzle about their real face and potential health risks in comparison with the commercial drug molecules.The emergence of atomically precise gold nanoclusters(APGNCs)provides the opportunity to address the puzzle due to their ultrasmall size,defined molecular formula,editable surface engineering,available structures and unique physicochemical properties including excellent biocompatibility,strong luminescence,enzyme-like activity and efficient renal clearance,et al.Recently,these advantages of APGNCs also endow them promising performances in healthcare such as bioimaging,drug delivery,antibacterial and cancer therapy.Especially,their clear composition and structures like the commercial drug molecules facilitate the study of their functions and the structure-activity relationship in healthcare,which is essential for the guided design of APGNC nanomedicine.Therefore,this review will focus the advantages and recent progress of APGNCs in health care and envision their prospects for the future.

Researchers Develop New Tools for Precise Large DNA Insertions

GAO Caixia’s group from the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)has developed a new genome editing technology that achieves efficient and precise targeted insertion of large DNA segments in plants.The new technology,called prime editing-mediated recombination of opportune targets(PrimeRoot),combines an optimized dual-ePPE editor protein previously published by the group with a highly efficient tyrosine site-specific recombinase,Cre.It can achieve one-step,precise targeted insertion of large DNA segments in rice and maize with an efficiency up to 6%and has been used to successfully insert DNA segments up to 11.1 kb.

Innovative Techniques for Precise Site-Specific Sample Preparation and In situ Structural Study of Cells

Nanomachines and ultrastructures inside cells are the basic units involved in life activities.They perform specific physiological functions through close cooperation with each other.Seeing is believing.Studying the in situ assembly and function of these complicated and precise nanostructures has been a hot topic in life science.Cryo-electron tomography(cryo-ET)is currently the main technique for in situ structural analysis.However,due to the limitation of electron beam penetration,cell and tissue samples should be milled to lamella of~200 nanometers using focused ion beams(FIB)for imaging.However,the random milling technique brings great challenges to the study of specific targets with relatively low abundance in cells.The prepared cryo-lamella sample often fails to retain the target of interest.

Deformation caused by the 2011 eastern Japan great earthquake monitored using the GPS single-epoch precise point positioning technique

Crustal deformation can provide constraints for studying earthquake rupture and shock wave transmission for the Mw9.0 eastern Japan great earthquake. Using the single- epoch precise point positioning （PPP） method and the appropriate positioning flow, we process GPS data from six IGS （International GNSS Service） sites （e.g., MIZU, TSK2, USUD, MTKA, AIRA and KSMV） located in Japan and obtain the positioning results with centimeter scale precision. The displacement time series of the six sites are analyzed using the least squares spectral analysis method to estimate deformations caused by the Mw9.0 mainshock and the Mw7.9 aftershock, and the cumulative displacements after 1 day. Mainshock displacements at station MIZU, the nearest site to the mainshock in the North （N）, East （E）, and Up （U） directions, are -1.202 m, 2.180 m and -0.104 m, respectively, and the cumulative deformations after 1 day are -1.117 m, 2.071 m and -0.072 m, respectively. The displacements at station KSMV, the nearest site to the Mw7.9 aftershock in the N, E and U directions, are -0.032 m, 0.742 m and -0.345 m, respectively. The other sites obviously experienced eastern movements and subsidence. The deformation vectors indicate that the horizontal displacements caused by the earthquake point to the epicenter and rupture. Elastic bounds evidently took place at all sites. The results indicate that the crustal movements and earthquake were part of a megathrust caused by the Pacific Plate sinking under the North American Plate to the northeast of Japan island arc.

医科达Precise直线加速器iViewGT系统故障分析及维修

瑞典医科达公司的Precise直线加速器是一款设计精细、全数字化控制的加速器,配备40对MLC（多叶光阑）[1]。其中利用i View GT电子影像验证系统,可开展普通放射治疗、立体定向放射治疗及适形调强放射治疗（intensity modulated radiation therapy,IMRT）,高分辨率的影像质量保证了投照剂量得到实时验证,以满足不同患者的治疗需要[2]。

On simulation of precise orbit determination of HY-2 with centimeter precision based on satellite-borne GPS technique

The HY-2 satellite carrying a satellite-borne GPS receiver is the first Chinese radar altimeter satellite, whose radial orbit determination precision must reach the centimeter level. Now HY-2 is in the test phase so that the observations are not openly released. In order to study the precise orbit determination precision and procedure for HY-2 based on the satellite- borne GPS technique, the satellite-borne GPS data are simulated in this paper. The HY-2 satellite-borne GPS antenna can receive at least seven GPS satellites each epoch, which can validate the GPS receiver and antenna design. What＇s more, the precise orbit determination processing flow is given and precise orbit determination experiments are conducted using the HY-2-borne GPS data with both the reduced-dynamic method and the kinematic geometry method. With the 1 and 3 mm phase data random errors, the radial orbit determination precision can achieve the centimeter level using these two methods and the kinematic orbit accuracy is slightly lower than that of the reduced-dynamic orbit. The earth gravity field model is an important factor which seriously affects the precise orbit determination of altimeter satellites. The reduced-dynamic orbit determination experiments are made with different earth gravity field models, such as EIGEN2, EGM96, TEG4, and GEMT3. Using a large number of high precision satellite-bome GPS data, the HY-2 precise orbit determination can reach the centimeter level with commonly used earth gravity field models up to above 50 degrees and orders.

医科达Precise直线加速器高压联锁故障维修实例

0引言医用电子直线加速器是目前最常用的放射治疗设备,其原理是利用微波电场,沿直线加速电子得到较高的能量后对人体病变组织进行照射,以达到治疗肿瘤的目的[1]。熟练掌握加速器的结构和原理,及时排除机器常见故障,不仅可以使临床放疗工作正常进行,同时对患者较好的治疗也能起到一定的保障作用。现对我院医科达Precise直线加速器常见的一例故障进行简要的分析排除,以供参考。

Modified algorithm of combined GPS/GLONASS precise point positioning for applications in open-pit mines

A modified algorithm of combined GPS/GLONASS precise point positioning （GG-PPP） was developed by decreasing the number of unknowns to be estimated so that accurate position solutions can be achieved in the case of less number of visible satellites. The system time difference between GPS and GLONASS （STDGG） and zenith tropospheric delay （ZTD） values were firstly estimated in an open sky condition using the traditional GG-PPP algorithm. Then, they were used as a priori known values in the modified algorithm instead of estimating them as unknowns. The proposed algorithm was tested using observations collected at BJFS station in a simulated open-pit mine environment. The results show that the position filter converges much faster to a stable value in all three coordinate components using the modified algorithm than using the traditional algorithm. The modified algorithm achieves higher positioning accuracy as well. The accuracy improvement in the horizontal direction and vertical direction reaches 69% and 95% at a satellite elevation mask angle of 50°, respectively.