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Agricultural Investment Project Decisions Based on an Interactive Preference Disaggregation Model Considering Inconsistency
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作者 Xingli Wu Huchang Liao +1 位作者 Shuxian Sun Zhengjun Wan 《Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences》 SCIE EI 2024年第6期3125-3146,共22页
Agricultural investment project selection is a complex multi-criteria decision-making problem,as agricultural projects are easily influenced by various risk factors,and the evaluation information provided by decisionm... Agricultural investment project selection is a complex multi-criteria decision-making problem,as agricultural projects are easily influenced by various risk factors,and the evaluation information provided by decisionmakers usually involves uncertainty and inconsistency.Existing literature primarily employed direct preference elicitation methods to address such issues,necessitating a great cognitive effort on the part of decision-makers during evaluation,specifically,determining the weights of criteria.In this study,we propose an indirect preference elicitation method,known as a preference disaggregation method,to learn decision-maker preference models fromdecision examples.To enhance evaluation ease,decision-makers merely need to compare pairs of alternatives with which they are familiar,also known as reference alternatives.Probabilistic linguistic preference relations are employed to account for the presence of incomplete and uncertain information in such pairwise comparisons.To address the inconsistency among a group of decision-makers,we develop a pair of 0-1mixed integer programming models that consider both the semantics of linguistic terms and the belief degrees of decision-makers.Finally,we conduct a case study and comparative analysis.Results reveal the effectiveness of the proposed model in solving agricultural investment project selection problems with uncertain and inconsistent decision information. 展开更多
关键词 Multiple criteria analysis preference disaggregation INCONSISTENCY probability linguistic preference relation investment project selection
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User Preference Aware Hierarchical Edge-User Cooperative Caching Strategy
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作者 Wu Dapeng Yang Lin +2 位作者 Cui Yaping He Peng Wang Ruyan 《China Communications》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第6期69-86,共18页
The emergence of various new services has posed a huge challenge to the existing network architecture.To improve the network delay and backhaul pressure,caching popular contents at the edge of network has been conside... The emergence of various new services has posed a huge challenge to the existing network architecture.To improve the network delay and backhaul pressure,caching popular contents at the edge of network has been considered as a feasible scheme.However,how to efficiently utilize the limited caching resources to cache diverse contents has been confirmed as a tough problem in the past decade.In this paper,considering the time-varying user requests and the heterogeneous content sizes,a user preference aware hierarchical cooperative caching strategy in edge-user caching architecture is proposed.We divide the caching strategy into three phases,that is,the content placement,the content delivery and the content update.In the content placement phase,a cooperative content placement algorithm for local content popularity is designed to cache contents proactively.In the content delivery phase,a cooperative delivery algorithm is proposed to deliver the cached contents.In the content update phase,a content update algorithm is proposed according to the popularity of the contents.Finally,the proposed caching strategy is validated using the MovieLens dataset,and the results reveal that the proposed strategy improves the delay performance by at least 35.3%compared with the other three benchmark strategies. 展开更多
关键词 cooperative caching network delay timevarying popularity user preference
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Deep Learning Social Network Access Control Model Based on User Preferences
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作者 Fangfang Shan Fuyang Li +3 位作者 Zhenyu Wang Peiyu Ji Mengyi Wang Huifang Sun 《Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences》 SCIE EI 2024年第7期1029-1044,共16页
A deep learning access controlmodel based on user preferences is proposed to address the issue of personal privacy leakage in social networks.Firstly,socialusers andsocialdata entities are extractedfromthe social netw... A deep learning access controlmodel based on user preferences is proposed to address the issue of personal privacy leakage in social networks.Firstly,socialusers andsocialdata entities are extractedfromthe social networkandused to construct homogeneous and heterogeneous graphs.Secondly,a graph neural networkmodel is designed based on user daily social behavior and daily social data to simulate the dissemination and changes of user social preferences and user personal preferences in the social network.Then,high-order neighbor nodes,hidden neighbor nodes,displayed neighbor nodes,and social data nodes are used to update user nodes to expand the depth and breadth of user preferences.Finally,a multi-layer attention network is used to classify user nodes in the homogeneous graph into two classes:allow access and deny access.The fine-grained access control problem in social networks is transformed into a node classification problem in a graph neural network.The model is validated using a dataset and compared with other methods without losing generality.The model improved accuracy by 2.18%compared to the baseline method GraphSAGE,and improved F1 score by 1.45%compared to the baseline method,verifying the effectiveness of the model. 展开更多
关键词 Graph neural networks user preferences access control social network
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Pregnancy Preferences in Females of Reproductive Age with Sickle Cell Disease at Laquintinie Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Analysis
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作者 Eposse Ekoube Charlotte Jeannette Disso Massako +14 位作者 Mangala Fulbert Nkwele Mandeng Ma Linwa Edgar Puepi Djike Yolande Merlin Boten Bounyom Erero F. Njiengwe Épée Patricia Hassanatou Iyawa Dora Mbonjo Bitsie Emmanuel Heles Nsang Soumaiyatou Abba Ngo Linwa Esther Eleonore Ndolo Kondo Astrid Grâce Tocki Toutou Moustapha Bilkissou Essome Henri 《Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology》 2024年第5期744-757,共14页
Introduction: Females with sickle cell disease (SCD), despite having a delayed pubertal development, are subject to many worries relating to their abilities to conceive, their capacity to maintain a maternofetal-risk-... Introduction: Females with sickle cell disease (SCD), despite having a delayed pubertal development, are subject to many worries relating to their abilities to conceive, their capacity to maintain a maternofetal-risk-free pregnancy till term and give birth to healthy children without sickle cell disease. Knowing that unplanned pregnancies are more likely to increase maternofetal morbidity and mortality, we sought out to explore the pregnancy preferences in female patients with sickle cell disease to promote healthy conception and childbirth in this vulnerable population. Methodology: We conducted a cross-sectional study involving female patients of child-bearing age with sickle cell disease followed at Laquintinie Hospital Douala or who were members of a local sickle cell association. Pregnancy preferences were determined using the Desire to Avoid Pregnancy (DAP) scale. Factors associated with pregnancy preferences were determined using multivariable linear regression model. Threshold for significance was set at p Results: Seventy-seven patients were included with a mean age of 24.71 ± 5.53 years. Forty patients (51.95%) had one sexual partner and thirteen women (32.5%) used contraceptive methods. Most patients (46.0%) responded “Strongly Agree” or “Agree” to the statement “it would be a good thing for me if I became pregnant in the next 3 months”. The mean DAP score was 1.63 ± 0.91 [1.28 ± 0.82 in those who had a sexual partner and 1.99 ± 0.86 in those who had no sexual partner]. Factors that were positively associated with DAP score were students (b = 0.32, 95% CI [0.21, 0.95], p = 0.003), monthly income ≥ 100,000 FCFA (b = 0.24, 95% CI [0.07, 0.81], p = 0.022), and not having a sexual partner (b = 0.26, 95% CI [0.11, 0.85], p = 0.012). Conclusion: Most female patients with SCD have a low desire to avoid pregnancy. This is especially true for patients who are not students, have a partner and have a low monthly income. 展开更多
关键词 Pregnancy preferences Sickle Cell Disease Laquintinie Hospital CAMEROUN
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Species’ geographical range, environmental range and traits lead to specimen collection preference of dominant plant species of grasslands in Northern China
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作者 Jingya Zhang Cui Xiao +5 位作者 Xiaoyu Duan Xin Gao Hao Zeng Rong'an Dong Gang Feng Keping Ma 《Plant Diversity》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第3期353-361,共9页
Many different factors,such as species traits,socio-economic factors,geographical and environmental factors,can lead to specimen collection preference.This study aims to determine whether grassland specimen collection... Many different factors,such as species traits,socio-economic factors,geographical and environmental factors,can lead to specimen collection preference.This study aims to determine whether grassland specimen collection in China is preferred by species traits(i.e.,plant height,flowering and fruiting period),environmental range(i.e.,the temperature and precipitation range)and geographical range(i.e.,distribution range and altitudinal range).Ordinary least squares models and phylogenetic generalized linear mixed models were used to analyze the relationships between specimen number and the explanatory variables.Random Forest models were then used to find the most parsimonious multivariate model.The results showed that interannual variation in specimen number between 1900 and 2020 was considerable.Specimen number of these species in southeast China was notably lower than that in northwest China.Environmental range and geographical range of species had significant positive correlations with specimen number.In addition,there were relatively weak but significant associations between specimen number and species trait(i.e.,plant height and flowering and fruiting period).Random Forest models indicated that distribution range was the most important variable,followed by flowering and fruiting period,and altitudinal range.These findings suggest that future floristic surveys should pay more attention to species with small geographical range,narrow environmental range,short plant height,and short flowering and fruiting period.The correction of specimen collection preference will also make the results of species distribution model,species evolution and other works based on specimen data more accurate. 展开更多
关键词 Biological specimen Collection preference Dominant plant species Environmental range Geographical range Species traits
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Adaptive Successive POI Recommendation via Trajectory Sequences Processing and Long Short-Term Preference Learning
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作者 Yali Si Feng Li +3 位作者 Shan Zhong Chenghang Huo Jing Chen Jinglian Liu 《Computers, Materials & Continua》 SCIE EI 2024年第10期685-706,共22页
Point-of-interest(POI)recommendations in location-based social networks(LBSNs)have developed rapidly by incorporating feature information and deep learning methods.However,most studies have failed to accurately reflec... Point-of-interest(POI)recommendations in location-based social networks(LBSNs)have developed rapidly by incorporating feature information and deep learning methods.However,most studies have failed to accurately reflect different users’preferences,in particular,the short-term preferences of inactive users.To better learn user preferences,in this study,we propose a long-short-term-preference-based adaptive successive POI recommendation(LSTP-ASR)method by combining trajectory sequence processing,long short-term preference learning,and spatiotemporal context.First,the check-in trajectory sequences are adaptively divided into recent and historical sequences according to a dynamic time window.Subsequently,an adaptive filling strategy is used to expand the recent check-in sequences of users with inactive check-in behavior using those of similar active users.We further propose an adaptive learning model to accurately extract long short-term preferences of users to establish an efficient successive POI recommendation system.A spatiotemporal-context-based recurrent neural network and temporal-context-based long short-term memory network are used to model the users’recent and historical checkin trajectory sequences,respectively.Extensive experiments on the Foursquare and Gowalla datasets reveal that the proposed method outperforms several other baseline methods in terms of three evaluation metrics.More specifically,LSTP-ASR outperforms the previously best baseline method(RTPM)with a 17.15%and 20.62%average improvement on the Foursquare and Gowalla datasets in terms of the Fβmetric,respectively. 展开更多
关键词 Location-based social networks adaptive successive point-of-interest recommendation long short-term preference trajectory sequences
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Surgeon preferences in the treatment of thumb carpometacarpal osteoarthritis
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作者 Edward J Wu Bradley W Fossum +2 位作者 Wyatt Vander Voort Christopher O Bayne Robert M Szabo 《World Journal of Orthopedics》 2024年第5期435-443,共9页
BACKGROUND Primary thumb carpometacarpal(CMC)osteoarthritis is one of the most common conditions encountered by hand surgeons.Of the vast number of operations that have been proposed,none have demonstrated results sig... BACKGROUND Primary thumb carpometacarpal(CMC)osteoarthritis is one of the most common conditions encountered by hand surgeons.Of the vast number of operations that have been proposed,none have demonstrated results significantly superior to trapeziectomy alone.AIM The purpose of our study was to determine why surgeons opt for their technique in treating CMC arthritis.METHODS A cross-sectional survey of active members of the American Society for Surgery of the Hand was conducted to evaluate the reasons behind their preferred technique in the treatment of isolated thumb CMC arthritis.Surgeons were contacted by email once and provided with a link to a de-identified survey consisting of 5 treatment questions and 5 demographic questions.RESULTS Of 950 responses were received.40.5%of surgeons preferred trapeziectomy+ligament reconstruction tendon interposition(LRTI),followed by trapeziectomy+suspensionplasty(28.2%),suture button suspension(5.9%),trapeziectomy alone(4.6%),prosthetic arthroplasty(3.2%),arthrodesis(1.1%),and other(6.6%).Proponents of trapeziectomy+LRTI cited familiarity(73.2%),exposure during fellowship(48.8%)and less proximal migration(60%)to be the main reasons affecting their decision.Surgeons who preferred trapeziectomy+suspensionplasty most reported simplicity(74.9%),fewer complications(45.3%),less proximal migration(43.8%),and avoidance of autogenous tissue harvest(42.7%).Advocates of suture button suspension cited avoidance of autogenous tissue harvest(80.4%),shorter immobilization(76.8%),and quicker recovery(73.2%)with their technique.Advocates of trapeziectomy alone cited simplicity(97.7%),fewer complications(86.4%),and avoidance of autogenous tissue harvest(59.1%).In their comments,45%of surgeons choosing trapeziectomy alone cited evidence as an additional rationale.Advocates of prosthetic arthroplasty cited improved pinch strength(83.3%)and improved range of motion(63.3%),while those preferring arthrodesis cited better pinch strength(90%)and frequently in their comments,durability.Of the surgeons who preferred a technique other than LRTI,41.8%reported they had tried LRTI in the past,citing complexity of the procedure,flexor carpi radialis harvest,and longer operative time as reasons for moving on.CONCLUSION Our study provides an update on current treatment trends and offers new insight into the reasons behind surgeons'decision making in the management of thumb carpometacarpal osteoarthritis.Despite strong Level 1 evidence supporting the use of trapeziectomy alone,our findings demonstrate that most surgeons continue to supplement trapeziectomy with other techniques such as LRTI or suspensionplasty.Several factors including familiarity,personal experience(Level 4 evidence),and comfort may be more influential than Level 1 evidence in determining the techniques in a surgeon's armamentarium.Further prospective studies are needed to determine the optimal technique for surgical management of Eaton stages II-IV CMC arthritis and how these studies will affect surgeons’choice. 展开更多
关键词 Thumb carpometacarpal OSTEOARTHRITIS Trapeziectomy Ligament reconstruction tendon interposition Suspensionplasty preferenceS Trends
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Oviposition Site Preference and Its Effects on Subsequent Development of Variegated Grasshopper (Zonocerus variegatus L.) under Laboratory Conditions
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作者 Saffea Joseph Torto Abu James Sundufu +4 位作者 Alusaine Edward Samura Sahr Ngoba Fomba Dennis Peter Musa Skeku Alfred Kanu Prince Emmanuel Norman 《Advances in Entomology》 2024年第3期143-154,共12页
Female grasshoppers can affect the fitness of their offspring through their selection of oviposition site. Knowledge of soil type on oviposition, and its effects on subsequent development can provide guidelines for ha... Female grasshoppers can affect the fitness of their offspring through their selection of oviposition site. Knowledge of soil type on oviposition, and its effects on subsequent development can provide guidelines for habitat manipulations that reduce the harmful effects of these pests on farmers fields. The influence of soil types on the oviposition site preference of variegated grasshopper (Zonocerus variegatus L.) reared some cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) varieties, was investigated in a cage trial carried out at the Bio factory laboratory, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Njala University, Sierra Leone during 2022/2023. The treatments comprised three soil types (Sandy, Loamy and Clay), each with three replications laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) in wooden cages. Data were collected on the following development parameters including, Net reproductive growth ratio (R0), Generation time (Tc), Intrinsic rate of increase (rm), Finite rate of increase (), Doubling time (Dt), and overall survivorship. Findings revealed that, Z. variegatus L. preferred sandy soil in which, on average, most eggs were deposited (338, 6.62 4.40), followed by loamy soil, 286 (5.53 3.96), and then, clayey soil, 200 (3.91 3.85);though, the differences were not significant. This study established that Z. variegatus deposited more eggs in sandy soil > loamy soil > clayey soil, respectively;and subsequent survivorship of the immature unto mature adult insect, revealed a similar order. This indicates that the sandy soil is the most preferred substrate for oviposition and subsequent development into adult insects. 展开更多
关键词 DEVELOPMENT OVIPOSITION Oviposition Site preference Soil Types Variegated Grasshopper
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我国结核病关爱行动试点项目基线调查分析 被引量:1
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作者 王云霞 孟庆琳 +1 位作者 刘二勇 周林 《中国防痨杂志》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第3期325-332,共8页
目的:分析“我国结核病关爱行动试点项目”首批40个试点县(区)实施前的结核病防治工作基本情况,为后续实施效果的评估及相关措施的推广提供基线数据。方法:2023年4—6月,中国疾病预防控制中心结核病控制中心向首批实施试点项目的15个省... 目的:分析“我国结核病关爱行动试点项目”首批40个试点县(区)实施前的结核病防治工作基本情况,为后续实施效果的评估及相关措施的推广提供基线数据。方法:2023年4—6月,中国疾病预防控制中心结核病控制中心向首批实施试点项目的15个省的40个试点县(区)结核病防治机构发放统一的半结构化电子版调查问卷,了解并分析项目开始前一年(即2022年)试点县(区)结核病定点医疗机构的服务能力、结核病患者人文关怀和重点人群筛查等措施的开展情况。结果:40个试点县(区)定点医疗机构以综合医院为主[23家(57.50%)],其次是专科医院[8家(20.00%]和疾病预防控制机构[6家(15.00%)]。共有结核病防治人员1017名,每家配备专业人员范围[中位数(四分位数)]为3~64名[19.5(12.5,34.0)名],以门诊和住院医生、护理人员为主[分别为326名(32.05%)和225名(22.12%)],其次为影像科医生和实验室人员[分别为187名(18.39%)和134名(13.18%)]。共报告结核病患者10123例,包括9980例(98.59%)肺结核[包括病原学阳性患者6326例(63.39%)]和143例(1.41%)肺外结核,病原学阴性肺结核的诊断总符合率为85.69%(629/734),但对气管支气管结核的诊断符合率仅有17.86%(5/28)。40个试点县(区)均开展了抗酸杆菌涂片显微镜检查和结核菌素皮肤试验(PPD试验),开展分枝杆菌分离培养、结核分枝杆菌核酸检测和抗结核药物耐药筛查的县(区)分别有39个(97.50%)、37个(92.50%)和32个(80.00%),但开展重组结核分枝杆菌融合蛋白和γ-干扰素释放试验的仅分别有16个(40.00%)和19个(47.50%);开展X线摄影检查、CT检查、人工智能诊断阅片和远程会诊等技术的分别有39个(97.50%)、31个(77.50%)、14个(35.00%)和23个(57.50%)。17个(42.50%)县(区)应用了信息化手段管理患者,15个(37.50%)县(区)提供了交通或营养补助,但开展营养评估和支持治疗、心理支持的均不足30%;36个(90.00%)县(区)将结核病纳入门诊特殊病种,分别有26个(65.00%)县(区)将耐药结核病纳入大病保障和分子生物学检测纳入报销范围。HIV感染者/AIDS患者和结核病患者密切接触者的胸部影像学总体筛查率均较高[分别为96.06%(17105/17807)和92.81%(46884/50515)],但65岁及以上老年人和糖尿病患者的总体筛查率均较低[分别为13.48%(377436/2800877)和12.27%(93808/764416)]。新生入学结核病筛查开展率不高[60.00%(24/40)~80.00%(32/40)],托养机构和福利机构开展率偏低[分别为20.69%(6/29)和25.00%(8/32)]。结论:各试点县(区)试点前均已具备结核病诊断所需的基本硬件条件,但尚需在病原学阴性肺结核规范诊断、信息化管理手段的应用、患者人文关怀措施和医疗保障政策的落实,以及重点人群的筛查方面进一步提升。 展开更多
关键词 结核 试点项目 问卷调查 基线调查
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福建省农作物种质资源调查收集与多样性分析 被引量:2
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作者 林霜霜 陆佩兰 +6 位作者 余文权 张海峰 赵杰樑 陈双龙 翁培铭 车建美 葛慈斌 《植物遗传资源学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第3期340-355,共16页
2017-2022年,福建省在第三次全国农作物种质资源普查与收集行动中,共收集作物地方品种和野生近缘植物种质资源6235份,蔬菜、粮食、果树、经济作物、牧草绿肥分别占33.57%、25.91%、24.35%、14.59%、1.57%;所有资源隶属于83科,229属,313... 2017-2022年,福建省在第三次全国农作物种质资源普查与收集行动中,共收集作物地方品种和野生近缘植物种质资源6235份,蔬菜、粮食、果树、经济作物、牧草绿肥分别占33.57%、25.91%、24.35%、14.59%、1.57%;所有资源隶属于83科,229属,313种,其中豆科种质资源份数最多,占总数的16.04%。不同地区和海拔是影响收集农作物种质资源种类和数量的重要因素。全省9个地级市中,三明市收集种质资源数量最多,占20.65%。全省收集农作物种质资源数量随着海拔升高而下降,不同海拔收集数量随着市辖县(市、区)、乡(镇)、村(街道)的数量减少呈现减少趋势。沿海地区如漳州、福州、宁德、泉州、莆田、厦门等6个地级市,海拔0~200 m是种质资源Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Brillouin丰富度指数最高的海拔区间;闽西北山区,如龙岩、三明、南平等3个地级市,海拔200~400 m、400~600 m、600~800 m种质资源的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Brillouin丰富度指数较高。不同地级市、不同海拔区间与收集种质资源的物种多样性指数的相关性分析发现,三明和龙岩市与Shannon-Wiener多样性指数呈极显著正相关,莆田和龙岩市与Pielou均匀度指数呈现极显著负相关,这与全省农业经济分区有密切关系。通过梳理全省农作物种质资源的多样性,为因地制宜地开发、利用、挖掘全省地方农作物种质资源提供参考和科学依据。 展开更多
关键词 福建 农作物 种质资源 调查 收集 多样性
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全国妇幼保健机构医院感染监测与防控实施现状调查报告 被引量:2
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作者 李硕 姚希 +13 位作者 贾会学 李卫光 黄勋 孙树梅 程曦 孟庆兰 张翔 张静萍 邢亚威 姜青青 吴联萱 张冰丽 刘晓静 李六亿 《中国感染控制杂志》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第3期323-329,共7页
目的 了解全国各级妇幼保健机构医院感染监测和防控措施的实施现状,为优化妇幼保健机构医院感染防控工作提供政策依据。方法 从8个省/自治区的省部级、地市级和区县级妇幼保健机构中分层抽样,设计统一的调查问卷,以“问卷星”的形式开... 目的 了解全国各级妇幼保健机构医院感染监测和防控措施的实施现状,为优化妇幼保健机构医院感染防控工作提供政策依据。方法 从8个省/自治区的省部级、地市级和区县级妇幼保健机构中分层抽样,设计统一的调查问卷,以“问卷星”的形式开展线上调查。结果 123所妇幼保健机构的数据纳入统计分析。90.24%的妇幼保健机构开展了医院感染综合性监测,开展新生儿监护室医院感染目标性监测、手术部位感染目标性监测、多重耐药菌目标性监测和重症监护病房(非新生儿)医院感染目标性监测的妇幼保健机构比率分别为89.66%、85.96%、80.77%和74.19%,51.22%的妇幼保健机构实现了医院感染病例信息化监测。94.31%的妇幼保健机构开展了手卫生依从性监测工作,90%以上的妇幼保健机构中医院感染高风险部门开展了环境卫生学监测,71.54%的妇幼保健机构由消毒供应中心对复用诊疗器械集中清洗、消毒、灭菌和供应。>90%的妇幼保健机构建立了三级预检分诊制度,86.18%的妇幼保健机构设置了过渡病房。妇幼保健机构对建档孕产妇、高危新生儿、保健人群和长期康复患者等特殊就诊人群普遍采取了建立有效沟通机制、全预约就诊和单独分区就诊的管理模式,但开展互联网复诊的妇幼保健机构比率<50%。结论 妇幼保健机构普遍开展了医院感染综合性监测和目标性监测,信息化监测程度有待提高。手卫生和环境卫生学监测在各级妇幼保健机构中普及程度较高,少数妇幼保健机构复用诊疗器械清洗、消毒、灭菌和供应流程不规范。特殊就诊人群得到有效管理,互联网医疗有待进一步推广。 展开更多
关键词 妇幼保健机构 医院感染 监测 预防 控制 抽样调查
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2023年甘肃积石山6.2级地震中川乡液化流滑灾害调查及诱因初析 被引量:2
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作者 陈龙伟 汪云龙 +4 位作者 袁晓铭 李兆焱 王永志 聂桂波 张昊宇 《地震工程与工程振动》 CSCD 北大核心 2024年第1期187-193,共7页
2023年12月18日甘肃省临夏州积石山县发生了6.2级地震,地震导致青海省民和县中川乡金田村和草滩村发生特殊的流滑灾害,其规模之大、灾害之重在国内外实不多见。通过实地考察,得出了地震土壤液化是此次流滑灾害诱因的结论,且此次灾害是近... 2023年12月18日甘肃省临夏州积石山县发生了6.2级地震,地震导致青海省民和县中川乡金田村和草滩村发生特殊的流滑灾害,其规模之大、灾害之重在国内外实不多见。通过实地考察,得出了地震土壤液化是此次流滑灾害诱因的结论,且此次灾害是近70 a以来首次具有现场实证性质的液化流滑型地震灾害。调查分析结果表明:流滑区上游滑源区地下土壤液化触发了流滑,中游流通区特殊的水文地质条件加剧了流滑的发展;土壤液化潜在多区、多源特性,即中游流通区存在疑似液化区;流滑区地震动强度较大,初步估计地震动峰值加速度值为0.4(±0.1)g。调查分析结果可为认识此次液化流滑灾害提供科学依据。 展开更多
关键词 积石山地震 土壤液化 诱因 现场调查 流滑灾害
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196例初治病原学阳性肺结核患者结核感染控制知识知晓情况调查 被引量:1
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作者 姜晓颖 刘静 +4 位作者 张治国 张文 高孟秋 杨新婷 弭凤玲 《中国防痨杂志》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第2期213-220,共8页
目的:调查初治病原学阳性肺结核患者结核感染控制知识掌握情况,为有效开展结核感染控制和健康教育工作提供依据。方法:对2019年1月至2023年1月于首都医科大学附属北京胸科医院、北京市昌平区结核病防治所、北京市大兴区结核病预防控制... 目的:调查初治病原学阳性肺结核患者结核感染控制知识掌握情况,为有效开展结核感染控制和健康教育工作提供依据。方法:对2019年1月至2023年1月于首都医科大学附属北京胸科医院、北京市昌平区结核病防治所、北京市大兴区结核病预防控制中心纳入的196例初治病原学阳性肺结核患者进行结核感染控制知识知晓情况问卷调查,调查内容包括患者的基本信息、结核感染控制知识问卷、临床信息等;发出问卷196份,有效问卷196份,有效率为100.0%。统计调查对象结核感染控制知识知晓情况,分析影响其结核病防治核心信息知晓情况的因素。结果:196例调查对象结核感染控制知识总知晓率为64.4%(2649/4116)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,相对于初中及以下学历,大专/本科及以上学历者结核感染控制知识知晓率达标的可能性更高(OR=6.659,95%CI:1.995~22.220);相对于有结核病接触史者,无结核病接触史者结核感染控制知识知晓率达标的可能性更低(OR=0.218,95%CI:0.054~0.886)。结论:初治病原学阳性肺结核患者结核感染控制知识知晓率尚有待提高,初中及以下文化程度和无结核病接触史的患者结核感染控制知识知晓率相对较低,需针对这部分人群开展结核病预防控制健康教育工作。 展开更多
关键词 结核 感染控制 健康知识 态度 实践 问卷调查
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李景汉社会调查思想与实践研究 被引量:1
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作者 阎明 《北京工业大学学报(社会科学版)》 CSSCI 北大核心 2024年第1期33-45,共13页
中国早期社会学的一个重要特征是注重实地社会调查。社会调查对于认识中国社会及其问题、提出社会改革方案,以及社会学学科的发展,都起着基础性的作用。聚焦于中国早期社会学家中注重实地调查的代表性人物——李景汉,展现他面对厚重的... 中国早期社会学的一个重要特征是注重实地社会调查。社会调查对于认识中国社会及其问题、提出社会改革方案,以及社会学学科的发展,都起着基础性的作用。聚焦于中国早期社会学家中注重实地调查的代表性人物——李景汉,展现他面对厚重的历史传统和现实政治经济动荡,试图以社会调查这个“新工具”,为中国的社会改造和现代化“开路”的激情与决心,为社会调查本土化所付出的艰辛努力和取得的成绩;分析李景汉对于调查技术背后的人文环境、调查与社会改造以及救国救民之间的关系等问题的思考;对其工作的贡献、意义,以及在调查技术和伦理方面的某些局限性进行讨论。 展开更多
关键词 中国社会学史 李景汉 社会调查 定县调查
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手术室血源性职业暴露调查分析 被引量:1
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作者 张敏 李芸 李志林 《浙江创伤外科》 2024年第2期398-400,共3页
目的调查医院手术室护士血源性职业暴露现状。方法于2022年1月选取本院45名手术室护士进行血源性职业暴露问卷调查,分析手术室护士一般资料、血源性职业暴露知识知晓、手术室护士血源性职业暴露压力。结果手术室护士血源性职业暴露发生... 目的调查医院手术室护士血源性职业暴露现状。方法于2022年1月选取本院45名手术室护士进行血源性职业暴露问卷调查,分析手术室护士一般资料、血源性职业暴露知识知晓、手术室护士血源性职业暴露压力。结果手术室护士血源性职业暴露发生率为15.56%,不同工龄、职称、学历、是否为手术室专科护士及是否发生过血源性职业暴露的护士对血源性职业暴露知识掌握程度的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。手术室护士血源性职业暴露压力由高到低依次为患者术中方面、医疗防护方面、工作及自身方面、环境方面、情感方面。结论手术室护士血源性职业暴露发生率较高、血源性职业暴露知识欠缺、面对血源性职业暴露时的心理压力较大,应采取相应措施加强教育培训,以增加护士血源性职业暴露知识掌握程度、降低血源性职业暴露发生率以及减轻护士心理压力。 展开更多
关键词 手术室 血源性职业暴露 现状调查 调查
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马尔康6.0级震群地震藏族民居震害调查与分析 被引量:3
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作者 潘毅 陈齐 +3 位作者 曹勇 龙立 琚诚可 周祎 《土木工程学报》 EI CSCD 北大核心 2024年第3期1-15,共15页
为掌握马尔康6.0级震群地震中藏族民居的震害情况,对地震灾区进行广泛的调查,总结藏族民居的建筑特点与结构特点,分析石木结构、木结构和生土结构的主要震害特征和破坏原因,并对不同结构类型的建筑震害数量和地质灾害隐患点数量进行统... 为掌握马尔康6.0级震群地震中藏族民居的震害情况,对地震灾区进行广泛的调查,总结藏族民居的建筑特点与结构特点,分析石木结构、木结构和生土结构的主要震害特征和破坏原因,并对不同结构类型的建筑震害数量和地质灾害隐患点数量进行统计和分析。研究结果表明:此次地震中,石木结构震害较严重,主要破坏特征为整体倒塌、局部倒塌、墙体破坏、梁柱破坏和屋盖破坏。木结构震害较轻,主要破坏特征为围护墙倒塌、开裂以及屋面溜瓦。由于距离震中较远,生土结构的震害最轻,主要破坏特征为墙体开裂。石木结构和木结构倒塌破坏占比分别为0.9%和0.0%,严重损坏占比分别为19.0%和17.2%。木结构多为非结构构件损坏,抗震能力强于石木结构。同时,地震诱发山体落石、山体滑坡,导致建筑被掩埋、道路中断、水利和通讯设施受损,地质灾害隐患点数量为663处。针对不同藏族民居的震害特征和破坏统计,建议在保留藏族民居建筑特色的前提下,发展受力机理清晰的结构体系,加强藏族民居的抗震措施,并重视该地区的震群型地震效应。根据次生灾害的破坏情况和统计,建议灾后重建中,藏族民居应合理选址,加强地质灾害的监测和预警,并完善防治次生灾害设施。 展开更多
关键词 马尔康地震 震害调查 藏族民居 石木结构 木结构 生土结构
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重视眼病前期的流行病学调查 被引量:1
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作者 管怀进 季敏 《眼科新进展》 CAS 北大核心 2024年第3期169-172,共4页
流行病学调查是疾病早预防、早干预以及相关政策制定重要的科学依据。疾病前期(predisease)常指在流行病学调查/筛查中发现的机体非正常状态,但还没有达到疾病的诊断标准,是机体由健康状态向疾病状态进展的过渡阶段,如果不干预就会发展... 流行病学调查是疾病早预防、早干预以及相关政策制定重要的科学依据。疾病前期(predisease)常指在流行病学调查/筛查中发现的机体非正常状态,但还没有达到疾病的诊断标准,是机体由健康状态向疾病状态进展的过渡阶段,如果不干预就会发展为疾病。如大家熟知的癌症前期(癌前病变)、糖尿病前期以及高血压前期等,也包括近视前期、青光眼前期以及糖尿病前期眼部并发症等眼病前期。疾病前期由于处于疾病尚未出现临床表现或者极早期阶段,通过适当的干预可以阻止甚至逆转疾病的发生而广受重视。然而,目前眼科工作者尚未对开展眼病前期流行病学调查足够重视,对如何开展眼病前期的流行病学调查也不甚了解,本文根据以往开展眼病流行病学调查的经验,就目前患病率高、视觉损伤大的几种常见眼病前期流行病学调查的开展进行论述。 展开更多
关键词 眼病前期 防盲 流行病学调查 干预
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辽宁省海城市中药资源调查与分析 被引量:1
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作者 邸学 于雅琳 +4 位作者 王海波 赵焕君 解世全 裴帅龙 姜璐 《辽宁中医药大学学报》 CAS 2024年第3期115-120,共6页
目的 通过对辽宁省海城市中药资源的普查,掌握海城市药用植物资源现状及部分重点品种的蕴藏量,为海城市中药资源的保护及可持续开发利用提供理论参考。方法 以第四次《全国中药资源普查技术规范》要求为标准制定普查方案,采用传统野外... 目的 通过对辽宁省海城市中药资源的普查,掌握海城市药用植物资源现状及部分重点品种的蕴藏量,为海城市中药资源的保护及可持续开发利用提供理论参考。方法 以第四次《全国中药资源普查技术规范》要求为标准制定普查方案,采用传统野外调查与现代技术相结合的方法,对海城市药用植物资源进行调查及数据分析。结果研究共完成了36个样地、180个样方套、1080个样方的调查,调查到药用植物452种,涉及86科290属;其中2020版《中华人民共和国药典》收载的重点调查品种112种,辽宁省新纪录植物2种。结论 海城市药用植物资源较为丰富,县域内大部分中药物种种群处于稳定状态,少数种群呈减少趋势,政府应采取措施加强动态监测与保护,普查工作的开展有助于县域内中药文化知识的推广普及,亦为海城市中药资源的可持续发展及开发利用提供科学依据。 展开更多
关键词 中药资源 海城市 药用植物 调查分析
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南方崩岗调查内容与方法探讨 被引量:1
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作者 程冬兵 张晶鑫 +2 位作者 郭飞 沈盛彧 赵元凌 《中国水利》 2024年第6期68-72,共5页
崩岗是我国南方水土流失的一种特殊类型,广泛分布于南方红壤区,是该区域严重的生态问题之一。第一次崩岗调查距今已近20年,相关情况已发生巨大变化。崩岗现状不清直接影响了行政管理部门对崩岗防治相关工作的规划和决策,因此急需开展新... 崩岗是我国南方水土流失的一种特殊类型,广泛分布于南方红壤区,是该区域严重的生态问题之一。第一次崩岗调查距今已近20年,相关情况已发生巨大变化。崩岗现状不清直接影响了行政管理部门对崩岗防治相关工作的规划和决策,因此急需开展新一轮崩岗调查。新时代水土保持高质量发展为崩岗调查提供了机遇,差别化分类防治和分步实施对崩岗调查提出了更高要求,现代信息技术为崩岗调查提供了新方法,以服务崩岗风险评估和防治规划为导向,在充分利用第一次崩岗调查成果基础上,补充崩岗发育的小山体调查,将典型调查改为全面普查,系统探讨崩岗调查对象与范围、调查内容、调查程序与方法,以期为行政管理部门和技术单位启动新一轮崩岗调查工作提供参考。 展开更多
关键词 崩岗 调查 水土保持 南方红壤区
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群体比例逐年递减 城市定居意愿强烈 新生代农民工发展新特点调查 被引量:2
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作者 邓希泉 郭元凯 《人民论坛》 CSSCI 北大核心 2024年第1期54-59,共6页
在青年人口结构变化、零工经济兴起、青年群体内部差异性增强等综合影响下,新生代农民工在群体样态、群体需求、群体意识、群体行为等方面呈现出新特征。通过对该群体进行两次全国范围的问卷调查发现,新生代农民工发展具有五方面的特征... 在青年人口结构变化、零工经济兴起、青年群体内部差异性增强等综合影响下,新生代农民工在群体样态、群体需求、群体意识、群体行为等方面呈现出新特征。通过对该群体进行两次全国范围的问卷调查发现,新生代农民工发展具有五方面的特征:群体比例逐年递减,务工年龄不断提高;城市定居意愿强烈,家庭迁徙现象增加;就业“脱实向虚”,身份向新型产业从业者转变;生活方式不断更新,价值观念更加趋于多元;自主意识不断增强,阶层诉求日益增多。同时面临着就业稳定性整体不高、生育意愿低、住房保障覆盖较低、心理融入难、社会保障水平较低等问题。建议从系统谋划新生代农民工高质量发展的政策体系和制度安排、研判劳动力市场供需关系及就业走向、关注新生代农民工市民化过程中的家庭变量和基本公共服务、畅通社会阶层双向流动渠道、加大媒体宣传力度营造良好社会氛围等方面精准施策。 展开更多
关键词 新生代农民工 青年高质量发展 调查研究
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