大国博弈、议程设置与东盟护持“中心地位”的实践

在亚太地区秩序深度调整的进程中,东盟“中心地位”面临严峻挑战,突出表现为东盟对一系列地区机制的主导权被削弱。为此,东盟试图提升战略自主性,护持自身“中心地位”。以东盟地区论坛为例,研究发现,面对东盟地区论坛因大国博弈从过去聚焦非传统安全治理、推进区域合作转变为关注传统安全议题、弱化安全治理合作的变化,东盟通过强化论坛的机制建设、议程设置、主席声明形成等多种途径,引导东盟地区论坛重新聚焦非传统安全合作,将关键性安全议题纳入议程设置并更多施加东盟观点的影响,从而较为成功地重塑了“中心地位”,并在协调大国关系、维系区域合作中持续发挥不可替代的重要作用。

“第二书记”组织设置:党建引领基层治理共同体建设的机制创新

面对社会转型引发基层社会愈加差异化、碎片化和原子化的现状,推动党建引领基层治理共同体建设是现实的策略选择。设立“第二书记”既遵循了加强党的基层组织建设的要求,也是对超大城市社会流动和城乡融合背景下出现的城乡治理新挑战的回应。在实践过程中,“第二书记”的组织设置从建立价值整合机制、利益融通机制和信息联络机制3个方面整合和动员多元主体,推动基层社会形成治理共同体,为党建引领基层治理共同体建设提供了可参考的实践经验。

Deep Learning Social Network Access Control Model Based on User Preferences

A deep learning access controlmodel based on user preferences is proposed to address the issue of personal privacy leakage in social networks.Firstly,socialusers andsocialdata entities are extractedfromthe social networkandused to construct homogeneous and heterogeneous graphs.Secondly,a graph neural networkmodel is designed based on user daily social behavior and daily social data to simulate the dissemination and changes of user social preferences and user personal preferences in the social network.Then,high-order neighbor nodes,hidden neighbor nodes,displayed neighbor nodes,and social data nodes are used to update user nodes to expand the depth and breadth of user preferences.Finally,a multi-layer attention network is used to classify user nodes in the homogeneous graph into two classes:allow access and deny access.The fine-grained access control problem in social networks is transformed into a node classification problem in a graph neural network.The model is validated using a dataset and compared with other methods without losing generality.The model improved accuracy by 2.18%compared to the baseline method GraphSAGE,and improved F1 score by 1.45%compared to the baseline method,verifying the effectiveness of the model.

Pregnancy Preferences in Females of Reproductive Age with Sickle Cell Disease at Laquintinie Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

Introduction: Females with sickle cell disease (SCD), despite having a delayed pubertal development, are subject to many worries relating to their abilities to conceive, their capacity to maintain a maternofetal-risk-free pregnancy till term and give birth to healthy children without sickle cell disease. Knowing that unplanned pregnancies are more likely to increase maternofetal morbidity and mortality, we sought out to explore the pregnancy preferences in female patients with sickle cell disease to promote healthy conception and childbirth in this vulnerable population. Methodology: We conducted a cross-sectional study involving female patients of child-bearing age with sickle cell disease followed at Laquintinie Hospital Douala or who were members of a local sickle cell association. Pregnancy preferences were determined using the Desire to Avoid Pregnancy (DAP) scale. Factors associated with pregnancy preferences were determined using multivariable linear regression model. Threshold for significance was set at p Results: Seventy-seven patients were included with a mean age of 24.71 ± 5.53 years. Forty patients (51.95%) had one sexual partner and thirteen women (32.5%) used contraceptive methods. Most patients (46.0%) responded “Strongly Agree” or “Agree” to the statement “it would be a good thing for me if I became pregnant in the next 3 months”. The mean DAP score was 1.63 ± 0.91 [1.28 ± 0.82 in those who had a sexual partner and 1.99 ± 0.86 in those who had no sexual partner]. Factors that were positively associated with DAP score were students (b = 0.32, 95% CI [0.21, 0.95], p = 0.003), monthly income ≥ 100,000 FCFA (b = 0.24, 95% CI [0.07, 0.81], p = 0.022), and not having a sexual partner (b = 0.26, 95% CI [0.11, 0.85], p = 0.012). Conclusion: Most female patients with SCD have a low desire to avoid pregnancy. This is especially true for patients who are not students, have a partner and have a low monthly income.

Surgeon preferences in the treatment of thumb carpometacarpal osteoarthritis

BACKGROUND Primary thumb carpometacarpal(CMC)osteoarthritis is one of the most common conditions encountered by hand surgeons.Of the vast number of operations that have been proposed,none have demonstrated results significantly superior to trapeziectomy alone.AIM The purpose of our study was to determine why surgeons opt for their technique in treating CMC arthritis.METHODS A cross-sectional survey of active members of the American Society for Surgery of the Hand was conducted to evaluate the reasons behind their preferred technique in the treatment of isolated thumb CMC arthritis.Surgeons were contacted by email once and provided with a link to a de-identified survey consisting of 5 treatment questions and 5 demographic questions.RESULTS Of 950 responses were received.40.5%of surgeons preferred trapeziectomy+ligament reconstruction tendon interposition(LRTI),followed by trapeziectomy+suspensionplasty(28.2%),suture button suspension(5.9%),trapeziectomy alone(4.6%),prosthetic arthroplasty(3.2%),arthrodesis(1.1%),and other(6.6%).Proponents of trapeziectomy+LRTI cited familiarity(73.2%),exposure during fellowship(48.8%)and less proximal migration(60%)to be the main reasons affecting their decision.Surgeons who preferred trapeziectomy+suspensionplasty most reported simplicity(74.9%),fewer complications(45.3%),less proximal migration(43.8%),and avoidance of autogenous tissue harvest(42.7%).Advocates of suture button suspension cited avoidance of autogenous tissue harvest(80.4%),shorter immobilization(76.8%),and quicker recovery(73.2%)with their technique.Advocates of trapeziectomy alone cited simplicity(97.7%),fewer complications(86.4%),and avoidance of autogenous tissue harvest(59.1%).In their comments,45%of surgeons choosing trapeziectomy alone cited evidence as an additional rationale.Advocates of prosthetic arthroplasty cited improved pinch strength(83.3%)and improved range of motion(63.3%),while those preferring arthrodesis cited better pinch strength(90%)and frequently in their comments,durability.Of the surgeons who preferred a technique other than LRTI,41.8%reported they had tried LRTI in the past,citing complexity of the procedure,flexor carpi radialis harvest,and longer operative time as reasons for moving on.CONCLUSION Our study provides an update on current treatment trends and offers new insight into the reasons behind surgeons'decision making in the management of thumb carpometacarpal osteoarthritis.Despite strong Level 1 evidence supporting the use of trapeziectomy alone,our findings demonstrate that most surgeons continue to supplement trapeziectomy with other techniques such as LRTI or suspensionplasty.Several factors including familiarity,personal experience(Level 4 evidence),and comfort may be more influential than Level 1 evidence in determining the techniques in a surgeon's armamentarium.Further prospective studies are needed to determine the optimal technique for surgical management of Eaton stages II-IV CMC arthritis and how these studies will affect surgeons’choice.

川渝慢性病防控工作目标设置的科学合理程度比较分析

[目的]分析四川省和重庆市慢性病防控领域目标设置的科学合理程度变化情况,比较两地差异,探索目标设置的科学合理程度对慢性病防控效果的影响。[方法]收集川渝两地2010-2022年慢性病领域的相关法律法规和政策文件等,量化评价川渝两地慢性病防控工作目标设置的科学合理程度,运用Spearman相关、线性回归分析目标设置的科学合理程度对主要慢性病防控效果的影响。[结果]2010-2022年四川省、重庆市慢性病防控目标设置的科学合理程度整体呈上升趋势,分别从2010年的4.04%和2.90%增长到2022年的32.96%和30.77%;两地的主要慢性病防控目标设置的科学合理程度与主要慢性病的过早死亡率均呈负相关关系(四川:r=-0.982,P<0.001;重庆:r=-0.843,P<0.001),对慢性病过早死亡率变化的解释程度分别为89.7%和72.1%(P<0.001)。[结论]川渝两地慢性病防控领域目标设置的科学合理程度逐年提高,同时有助于提高对慢性病的防控效果。四川省慢性病目标设置的科学合理程度略高于重庆市,两地水平均有较大提升空间。

阿克苏地区职业院校专业设置与区域产业结构吻合度研究

近年来,我国许多职业院校结合国家重大战略和经济社会发展需要,持续优化职业教育专业布局结构,提高职业教育专业设置与市场需求的匹配度。文章基于2022年度阿克苏地区所有职业院校招生专业设置情况的调研,结合阿克苏地区产业发展现状,采用偏离度算法模型对职业院校专业设置与产业结构的吻合度进行了分析。实证分析结果显示,职业院校第三产业专业设置过剩,专业结构与产业结构的相对差值为33.20%,吻合度较低;第二产业专业设置不足,专业结构与产业结构的相对差值为-20.25%。对此,文章提出应持续改善办学条件、深化产教融合、做好调查研究、结合区域特色动态调整专业设置,以提高职业院校专业设置与产业结构的吻合度,进而更好地发挥职业教育对地方经济社会发展的促进作用。

乡村振兴背景下职业院校景观环境设计课程设置与教学模式创新研究

乡村振兴战略是中国政府为实现农业农村现代化而实施的重要战略。本文以乡村振兴战略现状及其相关数据为背景,以环境设计专业人才培养方案为依据,通过国内外艺术设计助力乡村振兴的案例研究,分析了职业院校景观环境设计课程体系现状;探讨景观设计专业课程设置与教学模式创新的必要性。本文从专业课程体系不完善、课程内容不够全面、专业和实践课程薄弱、师资力量不足等多个角度分析了当前职业院校景观环境设计课程体系存在的弊端,结合乡村振兴的实际需求,提出优化课程设置、创新教学方法、教材与教学资源建设等方面的改进措施和创新策略,以期培养出更多适应乡村振兴需求的高素质景观设计人才。

Whole-body magnetic resonance imaging provides accurate staging of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, but is less preferred by patients

BACKGROUND Whole-body magnetic resonance imaging(wbMRI)allows general assessment of systemic cancers including lymphomas without radiation burden.AIM To evaluate the diagnostic performance of wbMRI in the staging of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL),determine the value of individual MRI sequences,and assess patients’concerns with wbMRI.METHODS In this single-center prospective study,adult patients newly diagnosed with systemic DLBCL underwent wbMRI on a 3T scanner[diffusion weighted images with background suppression(DWIBS),T2,short tau inversion recovery(STIR),contrast-enhanced T1]and fluorodeoxyglucose(18F-FDG)positron emission tomo-graphy/computed tomography(PET/CT)(reference standard).The involvement of 12 nodal regions and extranodal sites was evaluated on wbMRI and PET/CT.The utility of wbMRI sequences was rated on a five-point scale(0=not useful,4=very useful).Patients received a questionnaire regarding wbMRI.RESULTS Of 60 eligible patients,14(23%)were enrolled and completed the study.The sensitivity of wbMRI in the nodal involvement(182 nodal sites)was 0.84,with 0.99 specificity,positive predictive value of 0.96,negative predictive value of 0.97,and 0.97 accuracy.PET/CT and wbMRI were concordant both in extranodal involvement(13 instances)and staging(κ=1.0).The mean scores of the utility of MRI sequences were 3.71±0.73 for DWIBS,2.64±0.84 for T1,2.14±0.77 for STIR,and 1.29±0.73 for T2(P<0.0001).Patients were mostly concerned about the enclosed environment and duration of the MRI examination(27%of patients).CONCLUSION The wbMRI exhibited excellent sensitivity and specificity in staging DLBCL.DWIBS and contrast-enhanced T1 were rated as the most useful sequences.Patients were less willing to undergo wbMRI as a second examination parallel to PET/CT,especially owing to the long duration and the enclosed environment.

学前教育专业声乐课程设置与教学方法探析

声乐课在学前教育专业中占有重要地位,不仅是培养学生音乐素养的重要途径,也是提高学生未来就业竞争力的重要手段。然而,当前学前教育专业声乐课程设置与教学方法存在的问题不容忽视。为了更好地适应社会发展需求,提高学前教育专业人才培养质量,要对声乐课程设置与教学方法进行深入改革和创新。本文通过对这些问题的深入分析,提出了相应的改进策略,以期提高学前教育专业声乐课程的教学质量,培养出更多符合社会需求的高素质学前教育人才。

语文课堂中的阅读任务驱动问题设置策略与教学开展分析

随着教育理念的不断进步,传统语文阅读教学模式已难以满足培养学生核心素养和综合能力的要求。信息化社会的快速发展对学生的阅读素养提出了更高要求,在信息爆炸的时代,学生需要具备高效筛选、理解和应用信息的能力,提升,新课程标准强调以学生为中心,注重培养学生的创新精神和实践能力,倡导通过多样化的教学活动提升学生的综合素养。任务驱动教学法作为一种以学生为主体、强调实践性和探究性的教学模式,能够有效提升学生的阅读兴趣、理解能力和批判性思维,符合新时代教育的需求。本文旨在深入探究语文课堂中的阅读任务驱动问题设置策略与教学开展情况,以期为语文阅读教学改革的深化提供有益的启示和借鉴。

未设置会计机构的小规模企事业单位会计用人问题的思考

由于小规模企事业单位的组织结构简单、经济体量小等特性,会计人员在单位所承担职能得不到管理层的重视,这与习近平总书记提出的“完善人才培养、引进、使用、合理流动的工作机制”的要求不符。首先对提高小规模企事业单位会计用人现状进行了剖析,其次针对小规模企事业单位会计岗位职责模糊、会计人员定位不清、会计人员流失率较高,缺乏岗位忠诚度以及会计职业发展渺茫的问题进行了分析,最后针对这些问题从科学定位会计人员的职责和发挥的作用、营造会计人员干事创业的良好氛围以及拓宽会计人员的成长路径三个方面提出相应的解决方案,以期为现阶段小规模企事业单位会计用人问题提供借鉴。

中小学居家在线学习的应然逻辑与课程设置

中小学居家在线学习是“风险社会”理论下,实现教育目标风险化和社会功能转变的载体形式,是我国中小学高质量教育体系建设中增加组织韧性和应急管理的重要预案。本文总结新冠疫情暴发时期中小学居家在线学习的现实表征,提出进一步健全教育体系,应坚持社会功能导向、育人为本导向、家校协同导向,建立应急预案,切实促进我国基础教育高质量发展和教育数字化转型。

人文关怀课程设置在新护士岗前培训中的价值研究

研讨在新护士岗前培训中,人文关怀课程设置的效果。方法 由2023年09月-2024年09月医院50例新护士作为此次分析样本,均进行岗前培训。通过随机数字表法,分为各25例的两组进行对比。研究组、对照组分别实施人文关怀课程设置、常规岗前培训。结果 两组不同培训实施后的培训测试成绩差异较大,数据评分显示对照组更低(P<0.05),人文关怀能力评分对比,研究组较对照组更高(P<0.05);对培训的满意度占比显示对照组低于研究组(P<0.05);研究组尊重和联系、支持与保证、知识和技能评分更高(P<0.05)。结论 人文关怀课程设置可以提升新护士人文关怀行为以及人文关怀能力,提高培训测试成绩,且新护士对培训措施的满意度较高。

Personalized web pages ranking algorithm based on user preferences

In order to rank searching results according to the user preferences,a new personalized web pages ranking algorithm called PWPR（personalized web page ranking）with the idea of adjusting the ranking scores of web pages in accordance with user preferences is proposed.PWPR assigns the initial weights based on user interests and creates the virtual links and hubs according to user interests.By measuring user click streams,PWPR incrementally reflects users’ favors for the personalized ranking.To improve the accuracy of ranking, PWPR also takes collaborative filtering into consideration when the query with similar is submitted by users who have similar user interests. Detailed simulation results and comparison with other algorithms prove that the proposed PWPR can adaptively provide personalized ranking and truly relevant information to user preferences.

旅游业发展背景下内蒙古高职旅游专业课程设置及教学内容优化

新时期内蒙古旅游业的快速发展对高职旅游专业人才培养提出了新的要求。内蒙古高职旅游专业的课程设置及教学内容在一定程度上不能满足旅游人才培养的需要。通过优化高职旅游专业课程设置及教学内容,能够进一步提升旅游专业人才培养质量,为内蒙古旅游业高质量发展提供人才支持。

立德树人视角下课程设置对大学生德育素养的影响研究--以经济学专业为例

人才是第一资源,经济学人才更是推动产业结构优化升级,提升国家整体竞争力,实现经济高质量发展的重要引擎。因而,培养具备较高德育素养的经济学人才是高等教育的重要目标。良好的培养模式是提升经济学人才德育素养的主要推力,其中,课程设置是培养模式的核心组成部分,该文在立德树人视角下,使用问卷调查数据,实证检验课程设置对经济学专业人才的德育素养影响。研究结果表明,课程设置对高校学生德育培养具有显著促进作用,其中课程设置对学生创新能力的影响最大。高校应不断更新优化课程设置,包括增加实践性课程的比重,加强学生综合素质教育以培养创新思维和实践能力,提供多种形式的实践机会等方面提升经济学专业人才的德育素养。

高职环境艺术设计专业课程设置及人才培养模式创新探究

近年来,环境艺术设计行业的蓬勃发展加剧了行业内部的人才需求,使得环境艺术设计教育呈现出了高速发展的整体趋势。各类院校纷纷开设了环境艺术设计专业或相关设计类课程,极大提升了国内相关人才的供给力度,但相对而言高质量职业人才的稀缺,则又暴露出了高职环境艺术设计教育在课程建设和人才培养模式方面的不足。为此,本文通过分析高职院校人才培养特点及该专业教学现状,分别从课程设置和人才培养模式两个方面进行了探索,为我国环境艺术设计专业高质量人才培养提供了借鉴参考。

协商民主优化议程设置的内在机理与实践路径

协商民主是推进民主政治建设和丰富公共治理模式的政治实践。以协商民主优化议程设置,有助于构建开放包容的政治决策体系。协商民主与议程设置在提供落地场景与避免隐蔽议程方面功能互补,以维护人民主体地位为共同价值追求,结合形成具备全过程意蕴的政策制定模式。协商民主从宏观制度建设、基层协商民主实践和数字协商民主机制角度推动公共议程转化为政策议程,使广泛讨论的公共议题得到政治过程的回应。确保政策议程与民意表达间的良性互动,需要建立公共理性与修辞叙事相结合的协商机制,营造开放宽容且回应性强的政策制定环境,完善协商民主议程转化的全过程追踪机制。

议程设置理论视角下新时代中国故事国际传播的三重策略

议程设置是国际传播能力建设的一项重要内容。新时代推动中国故事的国际传播,基础议程设置层级:主动设置议题以赢得先机,选择具有广泛共识性的议题以增强认同,强调议题加深关注;属性议程设置层级,创新对外话语表达,构建融通中外的话语体系,提炼展示中华文明的精神标识和文化符号,以形成认知;网络议程设置层级,构建“政府主导、多方参与、受众呼应”的对外传播格局,主流媒体整合定调,社交平台布局,社会公众参与。