Control schemes for synchronizing two subnetworks with weak couplings

In this paper, we propose a well-designed network model with a parameter and study full and partial synchronization of the network model based on the stability analysis. The network model is composed of a star-coupled subnetwork and a globally coupled subnetwork. By analyzing the special coupling configuration, three control schemes are obtained for synchronizing the network model. Further analysis indicates that even if the inner couplings in each subnetwork are very weak, two of the control schemes are still valid. In particular, if the outer coupling weight parameter 0 is larger than （n2 - 2n）/4, or the subnetwork size n is larger than 02, the two subnetworks with weak inner couplings can achieve synchronization. In addition, the synchronizability is independent of the network size in case of 0 〈 0 〈 n/（n ＋ 1 ）. Finally, we carry out some numerical simulations to confirm the validity of the obtained control schemes. It is worth noting that the main idea of this paper also applies to any network consisting of a dense subnetwork and a sparse network.

Atmosphere-Ocean Coupling Schemes in a One-Dimensional Climate Model

In this paper, the coupling schemes of atmosphere-ocean climate models are discussed with one-dimensional advection equations. The convergence and stability for synchronous and asynchronous schemes are demonstrated and compared.Conclusions inferred from the analysis are given below. The synchronous scheme as well as the asynchronous-implicit scheme in this model are stable for arbitrary integrating time intervals. The asynchronous explicit scheme is unstable under certain conditions, which depend upon advection velocities and heat exchange parameters in the atmosphere and oceans. With both synchronous and asynchronous stable schemes the discrete solutions converge to their unique exact ones. Advections in the atmosphere and ocean accelerate the rate of convergence of the asynchronous-implicit scheme. It is suggusted that the asynchronous-implicit coupling scheme is a stable and efficient method for most climatic simulations.

Feedback control scheme of traffic jams based on the coupled map car-following model

Based on the pioneering work of Konishi et al. [Phys. Rev. E （1999） 60 4000], a new feedback control scheme is presented to suppress traffic jams based on the coupled map car-following model under the open boundary condition. The effect of the safe headway on the traffic system is considered. According to the control theory, the condition under which traffic jams can be suppressed is analyzed. The results are compared with the previous results concerning congestion control. The simulations show that the suppression performance of our scheme on traffic jams is better than those of the previous schemes, although all the schemes can suppress traffic jams. The simulation results are consistent with theoretical analyses.

A STUDY ON THE IMPACTS OF LATENT HEAT PARAMETERIZATION SCHEME ON PREDICTION SKILL OF ENSO WITH A SIMPLE OCEAN-ATMOSPHERE COUPLED MODEL

This study revises Weare＇s latent heat parameterization scheme and conducts an associated theoretic analysis. The revised Weare＇s scheme is found to present potentially better results than Zebiak＇s scheme. The Zebiak-Cane coupled ocean-atmosphere model, initialized by the National Centers for Environmental Prediction and the National Center for Atmospheric Research （NCEP/NCAR） reanalysis of wind stress anomaly at 925 hPa, is referred to as the ZCW coupled model. The atmosphere models of the ZCW coupled model that use Zebiak＇s scheme and the revised Weare＇s scheme are referred to as the ZCW0 and ZCWN atmosphere models, respectively. The coupled ocean-atmosphere models that use Zebiak＇s scheme and the revised Weare＇s scheme are referred to as the ZCWoand ZCWN coupled models, respectively. The simulations between the ZCW0 and ZCWN atmosphere models and between the ZCW0 and ZCWN coupled models are analyzed. The results include： （1） The evolution of heat, meridional wind and divergence anomalies simulated by similar ZCW0 and ZCWN atmosphere models, although the magnitudes of the former are larger than those of the latter; （2） The prediction skill of the Nino3 index from 1982 to 1999 by the ZCWN coupled model shows improvement compared with those by the ZCW0 coupled model; （3） The analysis of E1 Nino events in 1982/1983, 1986/1987, and 1997/1998 and La Nifia events in 1984/1985, 1988/1989, and 1998/2000 suggests that the ZCWN coupled model is better than the ZCW0 coupled model in predicting warm event evolution and cold event generation. The results also show the disadvantage of the ZCWN coupled model for predicting E1 Nino.

Coupling between finite element method and material point method for problems with extreme deformation

As a Lagrangian meshless method, the material point method （MPM） is suitable for dynamic problems with extreme deformation, but its efficiency and accuracy are not as good as that of the finite element method （FEM） for small deformation problems. Therefore, an algorithm for the coupling of FEM and MPM is proposed to take advantages of both methods. Furthermore, a conversion scheme of elements to particles is developed. Hence, the material domain is firstly discretized by finite elements, and then the distorted elements are automatically converted into MPM particles to avoid element entanglement. The interaction between finite elements and MPM particles is implemented based on the background grid in MPM framework. Numerical results are in good agreement with that of both FEM and MPM

Multi-symplectic scheme for the coupled Schrdinger-Boussinesq equations

In this paper, a multi-symplectic Hamiltonian formulation is presented for the coupled Schrdinger-Boussinesq equations （CSBE）. Then, a multi-symplectic scheme of the CSBE is derived. The discrete conservation laws of the Langmuir plasmon number and total perturbed number density are also proved. Numerical experiments show that the multi-symplectic scheme simulates the solitary waves for a long time, and preserves the conservation laws well.

Axisymmetric alternating direction explicit scheme for efficient coupled simulation of hydro-mechanical interaction in geotechnical engineering-Application to circular footing and deep tunnel in saturated ground

Explicit solution techniques have been widely used in geotechnical engineering for simulating the coupled hydro-mechanical(H-M) interaction of fluid flow and deformation induced by structures built above and under saturated ground, i.e. circular footing and deep tunnel. However, the technique is only conditionally stable and requires small time steps, portending its inefficiency for simulating large-scale H-M problems. To improve its efficiency, the unconditionally stable alternating direction explicit(ADE)scheme could be used to solve the flow problem. The standard ADE scheme, however, is only moderately accurate and is restricted to uniform grids and plane strain flow conditions. This paper aims to remove these drawbacks by developing a novel high-order ADE scheme capable of solving flow problems in nonuniform grids and under axisymmetric conditions. The new scheme is derived by performing a fourthorder finite difference(FD) approximation to the spatial derivatives of the axisymmetric fluid-diffusion equation in a non-uniform grid configuration. The implicit Crank-Nicolson technique is then applied to the resulting approximation, and the subsequent equation is split into two alternating direction sweeps,giving rise to a new axisymmetric ADE scheme. The pore pressure solutions from the new scheme are then sequentially coupled with an existing geomechanical simulator in the computer code fast Lagrangian analysis of continua(FLAC). This coupling procedure is called the sequentially-explicit coupling technique based on the fourth-order axisymmetric ADE scheme or SEA-4-AXI. Application of SEA-4-AXI for solving axisymmetric consolidation of a circular footing and of advancing tunnel in deep saturated ground shows that SEA-4-AXI reduces computer runtime up to 42%-50% that of FLAC’s basic scheme without numerical instability. In addition, it produces high numerical accuracy of the H-M solutions with average percentage difference of only 0.5%-1.8%.

Research on main circuit parameter coupling relationship of single-phase shunt active power filter

There is a certain coupling relationship among the main circuit parameters of a single-phase shunt active power filter(SAPF),which has a great influence on the reasonable selection of various parameter values.By analyzing the calculation methods of the inductance of alternating current(AC)side and the voltage and capacitance values of direct current(DC)side in the existing single/three-phase SAPF main circuit,a specific single-phase SAPF circuit parameter analytical expression was obtained.Aiming at the coupling relationship among the variables in the resulting expression,the model was optimized and analyzed in MATLAB,and a complete set of parameters design scheme was obtained,which ensure the comprehensive optimization target of the post-harmonic content below 2% is compensated under a specific load.The simulation and experimental procedures verify the correctness of the selected parameters.

极近距离煤层下伏回采巷道分区支护技术及应用

针对极近距离煤层下伏回采巷道距上覆采空区间距不等的特点,采用统一性的支护方案易造成支护稀疏或支护过度的问题。基于有效锚固层“叠加梁”理论,根据极近距离煤层层间距变化将实验地段风巷划分为“大于6.0m、4.0~6.0m和小于4.0m”三个区域,针对性提出极近距离煤层回采巷道顶板分区域支护方案,通过数值模拟计算论证了方案的可行性,并在任楼煤矿工作面回采巷道进行工业性试验。结果表明:不同区域采用针对性支护后围岩均较稳定,巷道围岩变形得到了合理的控制,巷道总体变形量较小,分区域式支护技术有效控制下伏巷道围岩变形,保证了矿井安全生产,降低了企业成本。

平原河网水动力优化调度与水环境改善的响应关系研究

平原河网河道流动性较差是引起水环境污染严重的主要原因,引调水是改善平原河网地区水环境的重要措施之一。本文以佛山市三山围为例,基于实测资料构建了河网水动力水质耦合模型,采用15天的连续水动力水质监测数据对模型进行了验证,并将NSE和RMSE模型评价指标用于模型评价。同时结合地势、潮汐规律和景观水位等设计了4种闸控模式和7种景观控制水位,共28种模拟工况,模拟分析了不同条件下的水动力水质改善与内外江潮位变化、引排水流量及其空间分布、闸控方式和景观水位等综合响应机理。结果表明:构建的模型合理可靠。研究区域受引排水路径的影响,河道流动性差异较为显著。综合考虑河道流量分布、水流路径、分汊河道分流作用和外江污染物浓度等对河道水质的作用效果并有效结合潮汐河网的动态水环境容量和污染源排放的时空分布对水环境的改善作用将非常显著。与低景观控制水位相比,高景观控制水位的内江动态水环境容量相对较大,污染物浓度较低。景观控制水位从0.2 m上升至0.8 m时,不同引调水路径的引水流量上升28.00%~64.70%,断面氨氮浓度削减了0.85~5.50 mg/L,削减比例达到28.89%~67.23%。本研究为平原潮汐河网水环境优化调度研究提供了新的思路,为相关部门对平原河网的水环境改善提供了重要的参考。

基于区域协调发展理念的西部山区线路方案优选算法研究

西部山区的地理环境复杂、生态环境脆弱,因此西部山区铁路选线工作尤其需要注重环保和建设运维成本的问题。在设计阶段应尽可能地考虑铁路和区域环境的协同可持续发展,对两者的协同机制进行研究是必要的。同时,新时期双碳目标背景下绿色铁路建设也需要从线路与区域环境协调发展视角进行深入研究。为此,开展了基于区域环境协调发展理念的西部山区线路方案优选算法研究。以西部山区铁路工程子系统的工程和经济要素以及周边区域环境子系统的经济环境、生态环境和社会环境要素为切入点,建立“2子系统-5要素-33指标”的西部山区铁路工程与周边区域环境协调发展指标体系。运用相对熵组合赋权法进行主客观权重的权衡优化,确定了指标的组合权重。结合耦合理论构建了西部山区铁路工程与周边区域环境耦合协调评价模型,通过该模型定量化分析两者的相互作用程度。基于耦合协调评价模型设计了西部山区线路方案优选算法。以成贵铁路宜宾至威信段线路方案优选为例进行应用验证。优选算法的计算结果与既有研究结果相符,耦合协调模型将各线路方案与相关区域环境的协调程度简洁直观地呈现了出来。该算法提高了西部山区线路方案优选的科学性和适用性。研究成果可为未来西部山区线路方案优选问题提供一定的参考。

力偶式星箭分离装置方案设计及参数影响分析

以一箭四星发射任务为研究背景,设计一种集合分离功能与卫星起旋功能的力偶式星箭分离方案。该方案由4套对称布置的力偶式分离装置组成,每套分离装置上包含作用点对称的两个分离冲量装置和接触面相关结构。基于ADAMS软件,建立了以气动作动筒为分离冲量装置的星箭分离动力学模型,采用正交设计方法分析了分离系统设计参数对分离过程的影响。结果表明:最大活塞行程和峰值推力增大可有效增大卫星起旋角速度与相对分离速度;增大推力夹角和作用点直径提高了卫星起旋角速度,但会减小相对分离速度。最后,综合考虑各设计参数的影响与卫星结构限制,确定了一组合适的分离系统参数。

基于TOPSIS和CRITIC的齿轮坯闭式热模锻工艺方案评估

目的基于热力耦合机理,应用模型数值仿真和多参数化的评价机制,实施方案寻优,从而提升齿轮坯闭式热锻工艺的设计效率和成形质量。方法基于DEFORM仿真软件对某工程齿轮坯锻件的3种闭式热模锻成形工艺方案进行CAE仿真分析,研究其金属塑性流动规律,并采用TOPSIS(Technique for Order Preferences by Similarity to Ideal Solution)和CRITIC(Criteria Importance Though Intercrieria Correlation)相结合的方法,构建以应变、应力、载荷、充填性、磨损等8个评价指标的评估模型及权值计算方法,进行工艺方案评估。结果通过仿真可以发现不同的预锻方案,金属塑性流动方式不同,成形结果不同,其中方案1未填满,成形有毛刺,受载不均匀,模具损伤值较大;方案2受载均匀,填充饱满,模具磨损深度大,等效应力大;方案3成形质量较好,但受载不均匀,且同样模具磨损深度大,等效应力大;综合考虑锻件成形质量和模具使用寿命,通过指标同向标准化处理、权重计算,得到方案1、2、3贴近程度分别为0.446、0.511、0.556,方案3值最大,结果最优。对方案3进行工艺试验,获得的齿轮坯充填饱满、无折叠缺陷。结论通过数值模拟与评估模型相结合的方法,可以精确、高效地评估闭式热锻造工艺方案的优劣,提高设计效率与成形质量。

城市转型下产业结构和土地利用结构的耦合关系及用地结构优化方案研究

在城市土地资源紧张的背景下,对土地利用结构进行优化可以缓解用地矛盾,促进城市转型.为促进资源型城市转型、优化用地结构,以山西省晋城市为案例,通过对其土地利用与产业结构之间的耦合关系进行分析,提出一套适合我国资源型城市发展的用地结构优化方案.分析发现,晋城市2014-2022年土地利用结构和产业结构的耦合协调程度较低,但两者的耦合度较高,平均值约为88.858%.以不同方法进行求解,得到4个优化方案,其中方案A的经济满意程度为0.8,生态满意度为0.75,社会满意度为0.78,更符合晋城市转型发展的要求,建议减少耕地、草场、森林、水域等用地面积,加强荒地开发利用,扩大建设用地.

上海轨道交通16号线列车在站解挂编实施方案

[目的]上海轨道交通16号线采用灵活编组运营模式,但列车解挂编过程周转时间较长,导致行车组织难度较大。为进一步提高运营效率,简化行车组织,提出了在站解挂编作业实施方案。[方法]针对上海轨道交通16号线,分析了列车在车站进行解挂编作业需解决的问题,并针对需解决问题提出具体的在站解挂编实施方案。在上海轨道交通16号线进行了多次测试,以验证方案实施效果。介绍了《上海轨道交通16号线龙阳路站解挂编作业规定》中的作业安全主要规定。[结果及结论]选择作业过程对线路运营影响较小的终端折返站(龙阳路站)作为解挂编作业车站;通过修改ATS(列车自动监控)软件连锁逻辑,并定义解挂编组作业专用停车区,实现了在站解挂编作业功能。测试结果验证了该方案的可行性和安全性。

某燃机电厂发电机改调相机可行性研究

某燃机电厂为适应“双碳”目标下的行业发展形势,积极响应火电机组因地制宜开展增加调相功能改造的政策导向,为系统提供更为灵活的优质动态无功支撑,提出在保留原有发电能力的基础上,增加调相机功能,并通过拆装发电机与燃机之间的联轴器,完成发电和调相机2种运行模式的切换。基于此开展可行性研究,详细阐述了改造背景,对可改造容量进行核算,并给出了具体改造方案。

基于MIKE11模型的城市引配水方案研究——以宁波市区鄞东南平原为例

城市化建设的快速发展对城市河道水环境产生一定影响,为提高河道水生态环境,满足人民群众对高品质生活的愿望,拟开展河网引配水研究工作。以宁波市区鄞东南平原为研究对象,基于MIKE11一维水量水质耦合模型构建城市河网引配水模型,分析论证不同引水水源水质、引水规模、引水闸泵布置方案下的水动力特性与水质改善效果,确定合理的引水水源水质、引水规模与闸泵布置方案。

Startup scheme optimization and flow instability of natural circulation lead-cooled fast reactor SNCLFR-100

Owing to the inherent instability of the natural circulation system,flow instability can easily occur during the operation of a natural circulation lead-cooled fast reactor,especially during the startup phase.A comprehensive startup scheme for SNCLFR-100,including primary and secondary circuits,is proposed in this paper.It references existing more mature startup schemes in various reactor types.It additionally considers the restriction conditions on the power increase in other schemes and the characteristics of lead-based coolant.On this basis,the multi-scale coupling code ATHLET-OpenFOAM was used to study the flow instability in the startup phase under different power-step amplitudes and power duration times.The results showed that obvious flow instability phenomena were found in the different startup schemes,such as the short-term backflow phenomenon of the core at the initial time of the startup.Moreover,an obvious increase in the flow rate and temperature to the peak value at the later stage of a continuous power rise was observed,as well as continuous oscillations before reaching a steady state.It was determined that the scheme with smaller power-step amplitude and a longer power duration time requires more time to start the reactor.Nevertheless,it will be more conducive to the safe and stable startup of the reactor.

Application of Mixed Differential Quadrature Method for Solving the Coupled Two-Dimensional Incompressible Navier-Stokes Equation and Heat Equation

The traditional differential quadrature method was improved by using theupwind difference scheme for the convective terms to solve the coupled two-dimensionalincompressible Navier-stokes equations and heat equation. The new method was compared with theconventional differential quadrature method in the aspects of convergence and accuracy. The resultsshow that the new method is more accurate, and has better convergence than the conventionaldifferential quadrature method for numerically computing the steady-state solution.