Effects of dietary oil sources and fat extraction methods on apparent and standardized ileal digestibility of fat and fatty acids in growing pigs

Background:There is a lack of data for the standardized ileal digestibility(SID) of fat and fatty acids in national feed databases.In addition,it is important to specify the procedures used for fat analyses.Therefore,an experiment was conducted to 1) determine the apparent ileal digestibility(AID) and SID of fat and fatty acids in ten different oil sources for growing pigs and to develop prediction equations for SID of fat based on fatty acid composition;and 2) compare the effect of the fat extraction methods on the calculated values for endogenous loss and digestibility of fat.Methods:Twenty-two barrows(initial body weight:32.1 ± 2.3 kg) were surgically fitted with a T-cannula in the distal ileum,and allotted to 1 of 11 experimental diets in a 4-period Youden Square design.A fat-free diet was formulated using cornstarch,soy protein isolate and sucrose.Ten oil-added diets were formulated by adding 6% of dietary oil sources to the fat-free diet at the expense of cornstarch.All diets contained 26% sugar beet pulp and 0.40% chromic oxide.Results:The endogenous loss of ether extract(EE) was lower than that of acid-hydrolyzed fat(AEE;P < 0.01).There were significant differences in the AID and SID of fat and saturated fatty acids across the dietary oil sources(P < 0.05).The SID of AEE for palm oil was lower than that of sunflower oil,corn oil,canola oil,rice oil and flaxseed oil(P < 0.01).The AID and SID of fat ranged from 79.65% to 86.97% and from 91.14% to 99.18%.Although the AID of EE was greater than that of AEE(P < 0.01),there was no significant difference in SID of EE and AEE except for palm oil.The ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids(U/S) had a positive correlation with SID of fat(P < 0.05),whereas C16:0 and long chain saturated fatty acids(LSFA) were significant negatively correlated with SID of fat(P < 0.01).The best-fit equation to predict SID of fat was SID AEE = 102.75-0.15 × LSFA-0.74 × C18:0-0.03 × C18:1(Adjusted coefficient of determination = 0.88,P < 0.01).Conclusions:When calculating the SID of fat,the EE content of the samples can be analyzed using the direct extraction method,whereas the acid hydrolysis procedure should be used to determine the AID of fat.Fat digestibility of dietary oils was affected by their fatty acid composition,especially by the contents of C16:0,LSFA and U/S.

Scientific connotation of “treating different diseases with the same method” from the perspective of metabolic-immune dysregulation in inflammation-mediated carcinogenesis of digestive organs

Inflammation-mediated carcinogenesis develops in the context of chronic inflammation and is a significant cause of cancer within the digestive system.In the chronic inflammation microenvironment,the metabolic activity of tissue cells undergoes extensive changes,which interfere with the normal function of immune cells.Dysregulation of cell metabolism and immune function has been identified as a key factor contributing to inflammation-mediated carcinogenesis within the major digestive organs,such as the stomach,liver,and colorectum.This metabolic-immune imbalance also corresponds to traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)theories of“yin-yang disharmony”and“disharmony between Ying-nutrients and Wei-defense.”The metabolic-immune imbalance has also been regarded as the key factor supporting“treatment of different diseases with the same method”,in which the same approach is adopted in the treatment of different conditions.In the TCM treatment process,it is necessary to first identify TCM patterns and then apply the corresponding TCM to correct the dysregulated metabolic and immune function,thereby blocking the progression from inflammation to malignancy.Our study findings deepen the TCM understanding of metabolic-immune dysregulation and the relationship between metabolic-immune dysregulation,pattern identification,and treatment method.They also provide new insights for the treatment of inflammation-mediated carcinogenesis in major digestive organs and help us further explore the scientific connotation of the TCM strategy of“treating different diseases with the same method”.

The determination of 52 elements in marine geological samples by an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry and an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with a high-pressure closed digestion method

An improved analytical method to determine the content of 52 major, minor and trace elements in marine geological samples, using a HF-HCl-HNO_3 acid system with a high-pressure closed digestion method（HPCD）, is studied by an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry（ICP-OES） and an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry（ICP-MS）. The operating parameters of the instruments are optimized, and the optimal analytical parameters are determined. The influences of optical spectrum and mass spectrum interferences, digestion methods and acid systems on the analytical results are investigated. The optimal spectral lines and isotopes are chosen, and internal standard element of rhodium is selected to compensate for matrix effects and analytical signals drifting. Compared with the methods of an electric heating plate digestion and a microwave digestion, a high-pressure closed digestion method is optimized with less acid, complete digestion,less damage for digestion process. The marine geological samples are dissolved completely by a HF-HCl-HNO_3 system, the relative error（RE） for the analytical results are all less than 6.0%. The method detection limits are 2–40μg/g by the ICP-OES, and 6–80 ng/g by ICP-MS. The methods are used to determine the marine sediment reference materials（GBW07309, GBW07311, GBW07313）, rock reference materials（GBW07103, GBW07104,GBW07105）, and cobalt-rich crust reference materials（GBW07337, GBW07338, GBW07339）, the obtained analytical results are in agreement with the certified values, and both of the relative standard deviation（RSD） and the relative error（RE） are less than 6.0%. The analytical method meets the requirements for determining 52 elements contents of bulk marine geological samples.

A Comparative Study of the Difference Method and the Enzyme-Hydrolyzed Casein Method for Determining True Amino Acid Digestibilities and Endogenous Amino Acid Losses in Duck Feed

In this study, we examined the varia- tions between the difference method and the enzyme- hydrolyzed casein method for determining endogenous amino acid loss and the true amino acid digestibility in ducks fed normal protein-containing diets. These methods were compared to the nitrogen-free （N-free） diet method. The difference method was based on soy- bean meal as the only protein source, with the experi- mental diets containing crude protein levels at 15% and 20%. The enzyme-hydrolyzed casein method was based on enzyme-hydrolyzed casein meal as the pro- tein source, with the experimental diet containing a crude protein level of 17.5%. The N-free diet was prepared with starches and paper fibers. In each meth- od,64 Tianfu meat drakes （7-weeks-old） with an av- erage body weight of 2.77±0.16 kg were used and divided into four groups, and fed four different diets. Each group contained four replicates of four drakes and they were force fed trial diets according to the Sirbald method for detecting their apparent amino aciddigestibility, endogenous amino acid loss and true a- mino acid digestibility. The results demonstrated that using the difference, enzyme-hydrolyzed casein and N-free diet methods, endogenous amino acid losses were 0. 9946,1. 2243 and 0. 9297 mg/g dry matter in- take （ DMI）, respectively. The true amino acid digest- ibility measured by the difference method was 88.93 %±4.43 %. Using the enzyme-hydrolyzed ca- sein method with two dietary crude protein levels of 15% and 20%, the digestibility was 91.15%±4.33% and 91.97%±4. 16%, respectively, and by the N-free diet methods with two dietary crude protein levels of 15% and 20% ,it was 88.55%±4.29% and 88.82 %±4.61%, respectively. The results suggested that when the dietary protein level was 15% to 20 %, the true amino acid digestibility and endogenous ami- no acid loss as determined by the difference method was more accurate than the values determined by the enzyme-hydrolyzed casein method.

Methodological impact of starch determination on starch content and ileal digestibility of starch in grain legumes for growing pigs

Background： Grain legumes represent a valuable energy source in pig diets due to their high starch content. The present study was conducted to determine the content and apparent ileal digestibility（AID） of starch in different grain legume cultivars for pigs by means of both a polarimetric and enzymatic method for starch determination.Methods： Three experiments were conducted with six barrows each which were fitted with ileal T-cannulas. In total, 18 diets including six different cultivars of faba beans（Vicia faba L.） and peas（Pisum sativum L.）, five different cultivars of lupins（Lupinus luteus L., Lupinus angustifolius L.）, and one diet with a soybean meal（SBM） were fed.Results： The starch content of faba beans and peas was greater（P ＆lt; 0.05） when determined polarimetrically than enzymatically（438 vs. 345 g/kg dry matter（DM） in faba beans and 509 vs. 390 g/kg DM in peas, respectively）.Considerable lower starch contents were obtained in lupins and SBM, with 82 and 48 g/kg DM（analyzed polarimetrically） and ＆lt;1.1 and 3 g/kg DM（analyzed enzymatically）, respectively. Mean values for contents of neutral detergent fiber（NDF） and acid detergent fiber（ADF） in grain legumes ranged from 111 and 79 g/kg DM in peas to248 and 207 g/kg DM in lupins, respectively. Contents of condensed tannins in the colored flowered faba bean cultivars ranged from 2.1 to 7.4 g/kg DM. The AID of starch was greater（P ＆lt; 0.05） in pea than in faba bean cultivars,and using the polarimetric starch determination method resulted in greater（P ＆lt; 0.05） digestibility values than using enzymatic starch analysis（84 vs. 80% in faba beans and 86 vs. 83% in peas）. Moreover, AID of starch differed（P ＆lt; 0.05）within pea cultivars and starch digestibility in faba beans decreased linearly（P ＆lt; 0.05） as the content of condensed tannins increased. However, there was no relationship between contents of NDF and ADF and AID of starch in pea and faba bean cultivars.Conclusion： Both contents and AID of starch in grain legumes can vary as influenced by the analytical method used for starch determination. Generally, starch digestibility is greater when measured by polarimetric rather than enzymatic methods.

Experimental Study on Anaerobic Digestion of Remaining Sludge in Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant

Along with the development and progress of environmental protection management,it is necessary to pay full attention to the disposal of excess sludge in the process of urban sewage treatment plant management.It is necessary to ensure effective integration of management mechanisms and management paths.To a certain extent,it can improve the actual efficiency of digestion and treatment work and lay a foundation for the optimal operation of environmental protection management.In this paper,the treatment of excess sludge in a sewage treatment plant is studied.The method and results of anaerobic digestion test of excess sludge in a sewage treatment plant are discussed for reference only.

不同熟化方式下甘薯咀嚼加工及食团特性的比较分析

为探究不同熟化方式下甘薯的咀嚼加工行为及食团特性,该研究考察了熟化方式对甘薯的质构、淀粉含量及淀粉短程有序性的影响,并进行咀嚼试验,跟踪分析受试者咀嚼至吞咽点食团的水分含量、咀嚼参数、唾液分泌情况、食团特性以及淀粉消化情况。结果表明:倒蒸甘薯条和煮甘薯干片的硬度、弹性、胶粘性、内聚性、咀嚼性和回复性均显著高于其他4种熟化甘薯制品(P<0.05),熟化甘薯制品中淀粉含量及淀粉短程有序性均显著低于鲜甘薯(P<0.05)。在不同熟化方式甘薯制品的咀嚼试验中,咀嚼参数中的一口量、咀嚼次数、咀嚼时间、进食速率存在显著差异(P<0.05);回收食团的平均中值粒径(D50)(1.55~2.65 mm)与样品硬度、胶粘性和咀嚼性呈显著正相关(P<0.05);样品形态以及受试者主观性的差异使样品咀嚼时的平均唾液添加量(0.41~0.94g/g干基)和平均唾液流速(45.92~72.65mg/s)存在显著差异(P<0.05);咀嚼后的平均总淀粉消化率最高为蒸制甘薯(88.35%),最低为微波甘薯(34.32%)。该研究为深入研究甘薯消化特性以及甘薯精深加工奠定理论基础。

中医药辨治消化道早癌的思路与方法

总结对消化道早癌的中医认识,治疗方法及用药思路;认为消化道早癌病位在脾胃,与肝肾密切相关,中医考虑多与脾胃虚弱,升降失常,肝失疏泄,肾气化失司,水湿代谢输布失常,气机阻滞,络脉瘀滞,邪有所留;或湿阻郁热;或阳气生化不足,阴气凝聚,痰湿、瘀、寒热、毒邪互结而成,辨证时需辨别寒热虚实,治疗上以调脾胃,复升降为先,清热为标,温阳为本,疏肝畅机、祛湿化痰、化瘀散结为辅,酌加解毒药,同时强调分阶段治疗。有症状时辨病论治以治标,症状缓解后三因治宜以治本,同时强调及时筛查,注重饮食生活调养,定期复查。

尿石素A脂质体的制备:稳定性及体外消化研究

尿石素A具有许多优良的生理活性,但其极低的水溶性和生物利用率限制了尿石素A的应用。为克服上述限制,该文采用pH驱动法结合高压均质技术制备尿石素A脂质体(urolithin A liposomes,UA-LPs),并考察其结构特性、稳定性及体外消化特性。结果表明,大豆卵磷脂为20 mg/mL所制得的UA-LPs的平均粒径为(97.46±0.83)nm,多分散系数为(0.27±0.01),Zeta电位为(-40.3±1.06)mV,包埋率为(98.11±0.26)%,负载率为(2.39±0.01)%。UA-LPs在原子力显微镜下为分布均匀的球状结构。热稳定性实验表明,不同大豆卵磷脂浓度的UA-LPs的包埋率均随热处理时间的延长有所下降,20 mg/mL的大豆卵磷脂制备的UA-LPs具有最好的热稳定性,其在80℃处理180 min后仍可保留45%的尿石素A,且粒径、多分散系数变化趋势较小。pH稳定性表明UA-LPs在酸性条件下包埋率较低,随着pH的升高,粒径、多分散系数变化不显著(P>0.05),20 mg/mL的大豆卵磷脂制备的UA-LPs的Zeta电位绝对值上升5.5,稳定性升高。体外模拟消化实验表明,UA-LPs能有效提高尿石素A的转化率以及生物可接受度,其中20 mg/mL大豆卵磷脂制备的UA-LPs的体外转化率相比游离的尿石素A增加了3.26倍,生物可接受度提高2.07倍。因此,利用pH驱动法可以成功制备出UA-LPs,且高大豆卵磷脂浓度的UA-LPs物理稳定性更好,以上研究结果为扩展尿石素A在食品工业及生物医药领域的应用提供依据。

花鲈肠上皮细胞原代培养及鉴定方法的探讨研究

为探究建立稳定可靠的花鲈肠上皮细胞原代培养方法,通过组织块法和酶消化法培养花鲈肠上皮细胞,确定酶消化法的最佳消化液及消化时间,所得细胞悬液于L-15培养液中进行培养。利用形态学观察、透射电镜观察和碱性磷酸酶染色方法对细胞进行鉴定。结果显示:组织块法细胞迁出情况不稳定,且迁出时间较长;酶消化法的最佳消化液为胶原酶Ⅰ、Ⅳ联合消化液,最佳消化时间为45 min;胶原酶Ⅰ、Ⅳ联合消化法获得的细胞连接紧密、排列整齐、呈上皮细胞典型的“铺路石”状,细胞相对独立、界限清晰。透射电镜观察和碱性磷酸酶染色进一步证实所培养的细胞为肠上皮细胞。总之,经胶原酶Ⅰ、Ⅳ联合消化液消化45 min、培养48 h可得到初始条件一致、生长旺盛的花鲈原代肠上皮细胞。

动物源副产物胶原蛋白肽的制备及其在食品工业中的应用研究进展

在动物加工过程中会产生大量的副产品和废弃物,这些产品中富含生物活性蛋白质,可以通过化学处理或酶水解等方式转化为具有特殊生理功能的胶原蛋白肽。胶原蛋白具有一定的营养价值,但由于其分子质量较大,难以被人体消化吸收。而胶原蛋白肽分子质量较小,更容易被人体消化吸收,并且发现动物源副产物胶原蛋白肽具有许多特殊的生理功能,因此将胶原蛋白肽作为新型食品原材料成为近些年来的研究热点之一。本文综述动物源副产物胶原蛋白肽制备方式的优缺点,及胶原蛋白肽在人体中的消化吸收,同时介绍胶原蛋白肽在食品加工中的应用,为将来开发胶原蛋白肽新产品提供新思路。

舟山近岸海域沉积物中钒的测定和风险浅评

海洋环境中经常检测到钒(V)的存在。钒在沉积物中大量吸附,且难以降解,威胁海洋生物安全,因此需要对海洋沉积物中的钒进行监测。本文优化了海洋沉积物中钒的检测方法,确定采用HNO3+HF+HClO4体系微波消解处理样品效果最佳,在优化仪器条件,改进方法后,检出限为0.72μg/L,精密度RSD<6%,加标回收率为90.1%~107.4%,能满足海洋沉积物中钒的分析测定需求。采用优化后的方法对舟山近岸海域沉积物中的钒进行调查测定,结果表明该地区沉积物中钒含量丰富,浓度为112.87~166.25 mg/kg。评估沉积物中钒的潜在生态风险,结果显示钒的生态风险处于中等风险水平。

重铬酸盐法与快速消解分光光度法测定化学需氧量的对比

文章通过对重铬酸盐法和快速消解分光光度法检出限、精密度、正确度和不同行业的实际样品的分析,以及操作过程中的试剂前处理、操作步骤、消解时间、计算公式、产生废液量及实验效率的比较,着重讨论了两种检测方法的准确性与适用性。经分析可知,两种检测方法对实际水样中COD的测定结果相近。检出限、精密度、正确度均符合检测方法的要求,结果无明显差异。快速消解分光光度法所用试剂无需前处理、仪器操作简单、消解时间短、实验结果直接读取无需计算且产生废液量少,实验效率更高,在大批量快速检测或突发检测中的适用性远高于重铬酸盐法。

基于响应面法优化双酶同步酶解的全豌豆乳的稳定性及营养特性研究

豌豆作为一种大宗豆类,具有营养价值高及低致敏性等特点,但全豌豆乳体系易絮凝失稳,限制其在食品中的应用。本文以脱皮豌豆为原料,采用高压均质耦合生物酶解(中温α-淀粉酶和纤维素酶)处理,通过离心沉淀率等指标,以及Box-Behnken设计优化酶解工艺条件,揭示最优工艺下全豌豆乳的稳定性和营养特性变化规律。结果表明,相较于传统过滤、单一酶解、双酶分步酶解等方法,中温α-淀粉酶和纤维素酶双酶同步酶解制备的全豌豆乳稳定性更优,最佳的酶解工艺参数为:中温α-淀粉酶:纤维素酶为4.5:5.5(酶活力比,U/g淀粉),添加总量为12 U/g,酶解时间为65 min,该条件下制得的全豌豆乳的离心沉淀率最低(27.70%),在不经过滤和不添加稳定剂的情况下,贮藏60 d内无明显的沉淀分层。与传统单体营养素复配工艺得到的豌豆乳相比,该优化工艺下制得的全豌豆乳稳定性显著提高,淀粉的消化程度降低了12.74%,蛋白质的消化程度提高了16.41%。研究结果为浓浆类的植物乳开发提供一定的理论指导。

三种消解方法比较原子荧光光谱法检测富硒米和茶中硒含量

以原子荧光光谱法测定富硒米和茶中硒的含量,适当的消解方法可以节约样品处理效率,提高检测结果的准确性。分别采用微波消解法、电热板消解法和石墨管消解法对富硒米和茶进行消解处理,比较不同消解方法对富硒米和茶中硒含量的检测影响。结果表明:微波消解法更适合富硒米和茶的消解处理,其加标回收率为95.0%~100.5%,精密度小于3.0%,加标回收率及精密度优于电热板消解法和石墨管消解法;相比电热板消解法和石墨管消解法,微波消解法试剂使用量少、操作方便快捷、稳定性好。可以为富硒农产品相关检测从业者提供参考。

秦川牛成纤维细胞的分离培养体系优化

为建立秦川牛体细胞分离培养体系,分别选用组织块培养法、胰酶-胶原酶消化法和胶原酶-胰酶消化法提取秦川牛耳缘成纤维细胞。结果表明:组织块培养法获取成纤维细胞所需周期长,组织块贴壁17 d后可获得原代成纤维细胞,而双酶消化法在原代细胞贴壁至9 d时便可进行传代纯化培养;与双酶消化法Ⅱ相比,双酶消化法I获得的原代成纤维细胞浓度1.24×10^(6)/mL显著高于双酶消化法Ⅱ(0.9×10^(6)/mL)(P<0.05);传代培养5 d后,细胞汇合度达到80%,取第三代成纤维细胞进行免疫荧光和流式细胞术鉴定,成纤维细胞纯度达到95%以上;纯化后的成纤维细胞培养至第3天,开始进入对数生长期,第8天时增殖速度下降进入平台期。因此,双酶消化法I(0.25%胰酶处理30 min,再用1%胶原酶处理60 min)为分离培养秦川牛耳缘成纤维细胞的最佳方法。

低GI海带香菇面条加工工艺优化及体外消化特性研究

随着我国高血糖患者数量逐年升高,低血糖生成指数(Glycemic Index, GI)食品逐渐成为市面上热点产品。为开发适合更多人群食用的主食,以GI值较低的原料如杂粮、食用菌、藻类和豆类等代替部分小麦粉,通过单因素和响应面优化面条生产加工工艺,并分析面条的体外消化特性。结果表明:用混合粉(海带、香菇、苦荞、燕麦、青稞、白芸豆等)代替70%小麦粉,最佳工艺为:加水量50%,和面时间12 min,醒面时间20 min,在该工艺参数下面条熟断条率最低为13.5%。且此工艺下面条的蒸煮损失率为6.27%,GI值为36.7,有良好的控糖效果,具有一定的应用价值。

ICP-AES法测定电炉渣中二氧化硅

本文研究了采用酸溶的方式消解样品,ICP-AES光谱法测定电炉渣中二氧化硅的分析方法。采用浓盐酸和浓硝酸溶解电炉尾料样品,加入氢氟酸消解二氧化硅和硼酸络合氟离子,采用ICP-AES法测定电炉尾料样品中的二氧化硅含量。二氧化硅的相对标准偏差RSD为0.35%~0.58%,加标回收率为95.6%~102.3%。方法加标回收率好,满足分析方法要求。

动能歧视(KED)-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定贵州沉积型稀土矿中16种稀土元素

贵州沉积型稀土矿主要含有高岭土-锐钛矿石等矿物,存在高含量Si、Al、Fe、Ti、Zr等难溶基体元素,采用高压密闭微波消解法处理难以将其完全溶解,易使测定结果偏低,需再次消解或进一步电热板敞开酸溶处理,方法耗时长,不利于大批量样品检测需求。同时电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法在测定稀土元素时存在基体和质谱干扰,影响了检测数据的准确性。采用过氧化钠熔融分解样品,熔融物冷却后引入三乙醇胺溶液,在碱性溶液中,大量基体元素与三乙醇胺形成稳定配合物,并与大量溶剂钠盐存于溶液中,稀土元素与Ca、Mg、Sr、Ba等留存于沉淀,经过滤,实现稀土元素与大量基体元素分离,随后沉淀用硝酸(1+1)复溶,并以^(103)Rh和^(185)Re为在线注入内标协同降低基体干扰;启用动能歧视(KED)模式以降低测定过程中潜在的质谱干扰。实验结果表明:高压密闭微波消解法消解液浑浊有残渣,溶矿耗时长,测试结果偏低,碱熔法酸化后溶液清亮透明,稀土元素测定值准确性高;采用10%三乙醇胺溶液提取能较大地降低基体干扰;启用KED模式可降低测定过程中的质谱干扰,且准确度优于STD模式;碱熔法检出限为0.008~0.049μg/g,测定下限为0.034~0.2μg/g,相对标准偏差RSD在0.78%~10.2%,相对误差RE在0.022%~13.5%。经实际样品验证,碱熔法较适用于贵州沉积性稀土矿中16种稀土元素的测定。

ICP-MS测定川滇黔相邻区高岭石黏土岩矿物中伴生关键三稀元素的前处理方法研究

在川滇黔相邻区峨眉山玄武岩顶部与宣威组底部之间发育一套厚度较为稳定的风化壳,主要为高岭石黏土岩,富集有三稀元素。为弄清其品位及含量,本文采用XRD衍射分析、XRF分析主次量元素,选用几种熔矿前处理进行对比,试液用电感耦合等离子质谱(ICP-MS)测定。实验结果表明:①试样矿物组成主要为高岭石、锐钛矿、伊利石、钛铁矿、板钛矿等,其中高岭石占比62.3%~89.85%,锐钛矿占比2.50%~11.8%,伊利石占比1.8%~18.0%,钛铁矿占比0.10%~1.00%,板钛矿占比0.70%~7.00%,其主量元素主要为Si、Al、Fe、Ti。②微波消解法较适用于Sc的消解处理,但对于Nb和Zr元素,数据偏低,其余差异性不显著。③碱熔-沉淀分离法较适用于难溶矿物分解,不仅打开矿物晶格,且在沉淀剂或络合剂的作用下,实现纯化试液目的,有效降低基体干扰,提高数据准确性,较适用于Pr、Nd、Tb、Dy、Nb、Zr元素的方法前处理;④碱熔-熔融物酸化法适用于Ga的熔矿前处理,在KED模式下,有效降低背景干扰,提高了准确性。体系方法检出限介于0.011~1.66μg/g之间,测定下限介于0.044~6.65μg/g之间,RSD介于2.06%~11.1%之间,RE介于0.99%~9.90%之间。经实际样品验证,方法较适用于该地区试样中关键三稀元素的测定。