New Normal Control of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution in the Dianchi Lake Basin

Based on Kunming statistical yearbook and field survey data of agricultural non-point source pollution in counties or districts in the Dianchi Lake basin,previous and current situation of agricultural production and agricultural non-point source pollution control in the Dianchi Lake basin were studied,and countermeasures and suggestions of comprehensive control of agricultural non-point source pollution in the basin were proposed.

Role of rural solid waste management in non-point source pollution control of Dianchi Lake catchments, China

In recent years,with control of the main muni-cipal and industrial point pollution sources and imple-mentation of cleaning for some inner pollution sources in the water body,the discharge of point source pollution decreased gradually,while non-point source pollution has become increasingly distressing in Dianchi Lake catch-ments.As one of the major targets in non-point source pollution control,an integrated solid waste controlling strategy combined with a technological solution and man-agement system was proposed and implemented based on the waste disposal situation and characteristics of rural solid waste in the demonstration area.As the key techno-logy in rural solid waste treatment,both centralized plant-scale composting and a dispersed farmer-operated waste treating system showed promise in rendering timely ben-efits in efficiency,large handling capacity,high quality of the end product,as well as good economic return.Problems encountered during multi-substrates co-com-posting such as pathogens,high moisture content,asyn-chronism in the decomposition of different substrates,and low quality of the end product can all be tackled.92.5% of solid waste was collected in the demonstration area,while the treating and recycling ratio reached 87.9%,which pre-vented 32.2 t nitrogen and 3.9 t phosphorus per year from entering the water body of Dianchi Lake after imple-mentation of the project.

Advances in History, Current Situation and Control of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution in the Dianchi Lake Basin

Based on Kunming statistical yearbook and field survey data of agricultural non-point source pollution in counties or districts in the Dianchi Lake basin,advances in the history,current situation and control measures of agricultural non-point source pollution in the basin were summarized to provide theoretical and technical support for the thorough improvement of present situation of water pollution in the basin.

Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution in Drinking Water Conservation Area of the Hongfeng Lake in Guiyang City

On the basis of investigating rural population, land types, livestock and poultry breeding scale in drinking water conservation area of the Hongfeng Lake in Guiyang City, as well as the urban domestic pol utant discharge coefficient, livestock and poultry excretion coefficient, nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer loss rate in the first national pollution source survey, this paper tried to explore current situation of agricultural non-point source pollution, and provide scientific support for the pollution control. The results showed that in the drinking water conservation area of the Hongfeng lake in 2013, contribution rate of pollution sources to the water pollution in the Hongfeng Lake followed the sequence "livestock and poultry breeding > rural life > farmland fertilizer". Among all agricultural non-point source pollutants, livestock and poultry breeding pollutants were major pollution sources, with a contribution rate to CODCr, TP and NH3-N in water above 50%; rural domestic pollutants were also important pollution sources, its contribution rate to CODCr and NH3-N was 43.49% and 46.69%, respectively; contribution rate of farmland fertilizer pollutants to TN and TP was 33.76% and 27.71%, respectively, higher than that of rural domestic pollutants(25.87% and 6.75%). Therefore, the control of non-point source pollution within the drinking water conservation area should be enhanced, so as to control the pollution from the source.

滇池流域水污染防治收费政策点源防治绩效评估

采用并行网络DEA模型和经典ccR模型评估了2001-2012年滇池流域水污染防治收费政策点源防治绩效。结果表明，相比并行网络DEA模型，CCR模型容易高估系统效率，结果区分度较低。由并行网络DEA模型评估结果可知，滇池流域水污染防治收费政策点源防治绩效平均值为0．695，整体效率较低，且“十一五”期间平均绩效高于其他年份；作为收费政策，适当提高政策征收标准，可促进企业和居民提高用水效率，降低污染物排放，有助于提高政裳的实施绩效；滇池流域污水处理收费政策点源防治绩效较高，而阶梯水价政策和排污收费制度实施绩效较低，未来滇池流域可通过进一步提高阶梯水价征收标准和通过排污收费制度费改税等措施以提高阶梯水价政策和排污收费制度点源防治实施绩效。

前置库在滇池非点污染源控制中的应用研究

本文对前置库控制滇池富营养化的非点源负荷进行了典型研究，结果表明：仅需投资３８６万元对明通河、宝象河流域现有水库、水塘和洼地进行改造，即可建设总有效库容为１３３．３万立方米的三个前置库，每年可拦截总磷１１～１９吨、总氮９６～１６０吨、悬浮物１５００００吨；拦截的地表污水还可灌溉周围的农田９０００多亩，具有较高的经济和环境效益。

新制度时期滇池流域农业非点源污染控制对策建议

近年来,农业非点源污染已经成为导致滇池水体富营养化的主要因素之一,控制农业非点源污染已经成为滇池流域水体污染防治工作的重中之重。本文分析了当前滇池流域农业非点污染控制现状及存在的问题,并分析了自2004年起中央连续三年出台一系列扶农、支农政策以来给滇池流域农业非点源污染控制带来的转机,最后结合当前宏观制度背景的变化情况,对滇池流域农业非点源污染控制提出了多项对策建议。

牛栏江—滇池补水工程流域水污染主要来源初探

根据2002～2008年连续7a牛栏江流域（昆明段）河道和流域库区水质现状监测结果，对牛栏江-滇池补水工程流域的水环境质量现状进行了调查分析，初步探讨了流域水污染的主要来源，由此提出水污染防治的对策措施与建议。