Background:Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a global pandemic issue.In addition to the well-known respiratory and fever symptoms,gastrointestinal symptoms have also been reported.This study aimed to evaluate the p...Background:Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a global pandemic issue.In addition to the well-known respiratory and fever symptoms,gastrointestinal symptoms have also been reported.This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and prognosis of patients with COVID-19 infection complicated with acute pancreatitis in intensive care unit(ICU).Methods:This was a retrospective observational cohort study,and patients aged 18 years or older,ad-mitted into the ICU in a single tertiary center from January 1,2020,to April 30,2022 were enrolled.Patients were identified by electronic medical records and reviewed manually.The primary outcome was the prevalence of acute pancreatitis among ICU patients with COVID-19.The secondary outcomes were the length of hospital stay,need for mechanical ventilation(MV),need for continuous renal replacement therapy(CRRT),and in-hospital mortality.Results:A total of 4133 patients,admitted into the ICU,were screened.Among these patients,389 were infected by COVID-19,and 86 were diagnosed with acute pancreatitis.COVID-19 positive patients were more likely to present with acute pancreatitis than COVID-19 negative patients(odds ratio=5.42,95%confidence interval:2.35-6.58,P<0.01).However,the length of hospital stay,need for MV,need for CRRT,and in-hospital mortality were not significantly different between acute pancreatitis patients with and without COVID-19 infection.Conclusions:Severe COVID-19 infections may cause acute pancreas damage in critically ill patients.How-ever,the prognosis may not differ between acute pancreatitis patients with and without COVID-19 infec-tion.展开更多
Background: The burden of COVID-19 and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are some of the major and persistent global health challenges of the twenty-first century. HIV and COVID-19 are expected to overlap in high HIV...Background: The burden of COVID-19 and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are some of the major and persistent global health challenges of the twenty-first century. HIV and COVID-19 are expected to overlap in high HIV-burden countries, posing several public health challenges as a result. Prisons are overcrowded, have limited space for social distancing and have inadequate ventilation systems, making it difficult to contain the spread of COVID-19 in addition to the high-risk behaviours of inmates which contribute to the spread of HIV within these facilities. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of COVID-19 among inmates in a prison facility with a relatively high HIV burden in Port Harcourt, Nigeria;investigating potential risk factors and co-infection with HIV. Methodology: The study employed a descriptive cross-sectional study design sampling 200 inmates from the Port Harcourt Maximum Security Custodial Centre from July to December 2022. A well-structured questionnaire was administered via interviews in addition to screening for HIV-1/2 antibodies as well as COVID-19 antigens using rapid diagnostic test kits. Descriptive statistics and chi-square were carried out on the GraphPad Prism 9 software with statistical significance defined as a p-value of less than 0.05 at a 95% confidence interval. Result: The prevalence of HIV from the current study was 6.5%, COVID-19 prevalence was reported to be 12.5% while HIV/COVID-19 co-infection was 1.5% The duration of incarceration, face mask use, frequent visitations and vaccination against COVID-19 were found to be significantly associated with the prevalence of COVID-19 in the studied population (p Conclusion: The current study reports a relatively high prevalence of HIV and COVID-19 among the inmates in the study area. It becomes expedient for the administrators of the correctional facility to properly screen new inmates for COVID-19, quarantine and manage cases, as well as provide them with personal protective equipment such as face masks. In-person visitation should be balanced with measures to prevent the spread of the infection, and mass vaccination campaigns should be promoted. Improving access to HIV screening and therapy for all prisoners should be prioritised to identify and manage the incidence of HIV early, reducing the risk of transmission, mitigating comorbidities and improving health outcomes.展开更多
Background: Since 2019, Covid-19 pandemic has afflicted the world and countries of Africa. Despite the limited resources, these countries already disturbed by multiple diseases that have not yet been controlled such a...Background: Since 2019, Covid-19 pandemic has afflicted the world and countries of Africa. Despite the limited resources, these countries already disturbed by multiple diseases that have not yet been controlled such as malaria, must face this pandemic whose success in the management depends on the early detection of the disease. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of Malaria-Covid-19 coinfection in our environment. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of patients’ data with Covid-19 infection from May to July 2021 at the International Hospital center of Kinshasa “CHIK”. We collected data and analysis was performed on the sociodemographic parameters, the notion of anticovid-19 vaccination as well as the duration of the symptomatology before the consultation, the clinical manifestations and the laboratory data available while including the data of the thick drop. Results: A total of 84 patients were registered with an average age of 35.23 ± 12.74 years. The male sex was predominant (82.1%). The Indian community was the most affected (44.2%). The average of days elapsed before the consultation of 3.63 days. The anti-Covid-19 vaccination rate was 20.3%. The prevalence of Malaria-Covid-19 coinfection was 29.76%. In coinfected patients, fever and cough were more reported (64%). Regarding biological and inflammatory parameters, 31.8% of coinfected patients had a platelet count less than 150,000 elements/mm<sup>3</sup> compared to 11.6% in non-Co-infected (p = 0.046). Conclusion: The Malaria-Covid-19 comorbidity prevalence is high in Malaria endemic country like Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). It is necessary to make better distinction, to detect early the comorbidity in order to better guide care and not be limited to treating malaria, letting the Covid-19 evolve.展开更多
Background: COVID-19 was declared a worldwide pandemic by the World Health Organization in 2020. Many pieces of research have been published on the virus’s pattern and transmission routes, and a few studies have been...Background: COVID-19 was declared a worldwide pandemic by the World Health Organization in 2020. Many pieces of research have been published on the virus’s pattern and transmission routes, and a few studies have been published on its psychological repercussions for the general public and health care workers in particular. We aimed in this study to figure out the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of health care workers in the Jazan region and compare it to non-health care workers. Results: There were 221 participants in this study conducted in the Jazan region KSA, during the first part of 2022. 117 participants were non-HCWs (Health Care Workers) and 104 participants were HCWs. 31.7% of HCWs had high score of PTSD symptoms which may suppress their immunity, PTSD was a clinical concern in 12.5%, 6.7% had probable PTSD, and 49% had no PTSD. The average PTSD score in HCWs was 26.14. In contrast, the great majority of non-HCWs (69.2%) had no PTSD;PTSD was a clinical concern in 16.2%, 11.1% had a score indicating PTSD had the potential for immunosuppression, and 3.4% had probable PTSD. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic did not affect just those who were infected with the virus, nor was it restricted to the mental health of those afflicted;rather, the influence expanded until it reached the general public and, in particular, those who had contact with patients, such as health care workers. As a result, mental health investigation, follow-up, and therapy are required to preserve the mental health of health care workers as well as the general population.展开更多
Introduction: Coronavirus 19 disease (COVID-19) often presents several serious complications in patients. 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] deficiency is considered a risk factor for severe forms of the disease. Objective...Introduction: Coronavirus 19 disease (COVID-19) often presents several serious complications in patients. 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] deficiency is considered a risk factor for severe forms of the disease. Objective: The objective of this work was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with vitamin D deficiency in patients with COVID-19 in Parakou in 2021. Methods: The method used was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study with prospective data collection that covered the period of August 1, 2021, to December 30, 2021. It concerned patients with COVID-19, symptomatic or not, in the commune of Parakou, selected by non-probability sampling. The 25(OH)D assay was performed by an enzyme immunoassay using the heterogeneous phase competition technique. Logistic regression was used to determine the factors associated with 25(OH)D deficiency at the 5% threshold. Results: A total of 197 patients with COVID-19 were included in the study with a mean age of 35.4 ± 15.2 years;with a female predominance (52.3%). The overall prevalence of 25(OH)D deficiency was 31.5% (95% CI [25.1 - 38.5]);it was 32.0% in females and 30.8% in males. 25(OH)D deficiency was more observed in patients ≥ 60 years than in patients < 60 years with no significant difference (p = 0.121), and in females (32.0%) than in males (30.8%) with no significant difference either (p = 0.857). Diabetes (p = 0.036), overweight or obesity (p = 0.032), severe disease forms (p = 0.003) and rhinitis (p = 0.009) were significantly associated with 25(OH)D deficiency. Conclusion: One-third of patients with COVID-19 in Parakou in 2021 were 25(OH)D deficient. 25(OH)D deficiency is associated with the severe form of the disease and with comorbidities justifying supplementation of this vitamin to patients with COVID-19.展开更多
Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance is the most important health problems currently. Antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent bacterial co-infections in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, and lack of surveillance were associ...Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance is the most important health problems currently. Antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent bacterial co-infections in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, and lack of surveillance were associated with antimicrobial resistance. ESKAPE pathogens consisting of E. faecium, S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, A. baumanii, P. aeruginosa and Enterobacter spp. are associated with healthcare-associated infections. Patients and Methods: This descriptive, retrospective, longitudinal study aims to describe the resistance rates of bloodstream infection due to ESKAPE pathogens from patients admitted in Siloam Hospital Karawaci, before and during COVID-19 pandemic (January 1<sup>st</sup>, 2019 until December 31<sup>st</sup>, 2022). Out of 296 ESKAPE pathogens collected from blood samples, S. aureus was the most frequent species, followed by K. pneumoniae, A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa, Enterobacter spp., and E. faecium. Results: Resistance rates of E. faecium were alarmingly high from 2019 until 2021, but in 2022 no sample was found. Resistance rates of S. aureus and MRSA decreased from 2019 until 2021 and then increased again in 2022 while for K. pneumoniae it peaked in 2020 and reached the lowest in 2022. Resistance pattern of A. baumanii was not favorable from 2019 until 2021, but decreased dramatically in 2022. Resistance pattern of P. aeruginosa was quite variable in 2021 and 2022 while for Enterobacter spp. it was variable in 2020 to 2022. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic affected the antimicrobial resistance pattern of ESKAPE pathogens in Banten province, Indonesia. Resistance rates increased as the pandemic peaked in 2020 to 2021, and decreased as the pandemic resolves in 2022.展开更多
目的:分析新型冠状病毒感染(COVID-19)相关心律失常的文献,探索该领域的研究现状、热点并预测未来的趋势,为后来的研究者提供借鉴。方法:选择Web of Science的核心合集数据库,每项研究都进行了文献计量和视觉分析,使用CiteSpace和VOSvie...目的:分析新型冠状病毒感染(COVID-19)相关心律失常的文献,探索该领域的研究现状、热点并预测未来的趋势,为后来的研究者提供借鉴。方法:选择Web of Science的核心合集数据库,每项研究都进行了文献计量和视觉分析,使用CiteSpace和VOSviewer软件生成知识图谱。结果:共鉴定出768篇文章,发文涉及美国、意大利和中国为首的319个国家/地区和4 366个机构,领先的研究机构是梅奥诊所和哈佛医学院。New England Journal of Medicine是该领域最常被引用的期刊。在6 687位作者中,Arbelo Elena撰写的研究最多,Guo T被共同引用的次数最多,心房纤颤是最常见的关键词。结论:随着COVID-19的暴发,对COVID-19所致新发/进行性心律失常事件的研究蓬勃发展,未来的研究者可能会对COVID-19感染后新发或遗留的快速性心律失常/缓慢性心律失常的发生机制进行进一步的探索。展开更多
目的分析COVID-19疫情暴发前后不同国家经季节和日历调整后的生育率(seasonally and calendar adjusted fertility rate,SAFR)趋势的变化及其影响因素。方法使用国际人类生育力数据库(Human Fertility Database,HFD)中28个国家自2012年...目的分析COVID-19疫情暴发前后不同国家经季节和日历调整后的生育率(seasonally and calendar adjusted fertility rate,SAFR)趋势的变化及其影响因素。方法使用国际人类生育力数据库(Human Fertility Database,HFD)中28个国家自2012年1月至2022年12月的月度SAFR数据,以2020年12月(2020年3月疫情暴发起点加9个月妊娠过程)为节点划分为疫情前(2012.1-2020.11)和疫情后(2020.12-2022.12)进行比较,使用中断时间序列方法分析各国疫情前后的SAFR趋势(短期波动和长期趋势)是否发生变化,使用秩和检验分析疫情前SAFR、人均GDP、公共卫生和社会措施(public health and social measures,PHSM)和失业率是否与SAFR趋势变化有关。结果疫情后28个国家中19个国家的SAFR出现短期下降,随后反弹。对于长期趋势,2个国家由下降趋势转为上升趋势,8个国家由上升趋势转为下降趋势,6个国家的SAFR保持不变。SAFR变化率下降主要集中在部分中欧国家以及地中海西岸的国家,而SAFR变化率增加的国家主要分布在北欧以及西欧地区。SAFR无短期波动的国家疫情前的SAFR低于有短期波动的国家(P=0.041),SAFR变化率下降国家的疫情前SAFR(P=0.005)与人均GDP(P=0.027)均低于SAFR变化率上升国家。未发现SAFR短期波动或长期趋势与PHSM严重程度指数或失业率存在关联。结论COVID-19疫情对28个国家的SAFR造成了不同的短期和长期影响,特别是经济水平和疫情前SAFR相对较低的国家可能更易遭到进一步打击。COVID-19疫情对各国人口的更长期影响值得进一步关注。展开更多
Background:Solid organ transplant(SOT)activities,such as liver transplant,have been greatly influenced by the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),a disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome corona...Background:Solid organ transplant(SOT)activities,such as liver transplant,have been greatly influenced by the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),a disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).Immunosuppressed individuals of liver transplant recipients(LTRs)tend to have a high risk of COVID-19 infection and related complications.Therefore,COVID-19 vaccination has been recommended to be administered as early as possible in LTRs.Data sources:The keywords“liver transplant”,“SARS-CoV-2”,and“vaccine”were used to retrieve articles published in PubMed.Results:The antibody response following the 1st and 2nd doses of vaccination was disappointingly low,and the immune responses among LTRs remarkably improved after the 3rd or 4th dose of vaccination.Although the 3rd or 4th dose of COVID-19 vaccine increased the antibody titer,a proportion of patients remained unresponsive.Furthermore,recent studies showed that SARS-CoV-2 vaccine could trigger adverse events in LTRs,including allograft rejection and liver injury.Conclusions:This review provides the recently reported data on the antibody response of LTRs following various doses of vaccine,risk factors for poor serological response and adverse events after vaccination.展开更多
BACKGROUND Psychological assessment after intensive care unit(ICU)discharge is increasingly used to assess patients'cognitive and psychological well-being.However,few studies have examined those who recovered from...BACKGROUND Psychological assessment after intensive care unit(ICU)discharge is increasingly used to assess patients'cognitive and psychological well-being.However,few studies have examined those who recovered from coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).There is a paucity of data from the Middle East assessing the post-ICU discharge mental health status of patients who had COVID-19.AIM To evaluate anxiety and depression among patients who had severe COVID-19.METHODS This is a prospective single-center follow-up questionnaire-based study of adults who were admitted to the ICU or under ICU consultation for>24 h for COVID-19.Eligible patients were contacted via telephone.The patient’s anxiety and depression six months after ICU discharge were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS).The primary outcome was the mean HADS score.The secondary outcomes were risk factors of anxiety and/or depression.RESULTS Patients who were admitted to the ICU because of COVID-19 were screened(n=518).Of these,48 completed the questionnaires.The mean age was 56.3±17.2 years.Thirty patients(62.5%)were male.The main comorbidities were endocrine(n=24,50%)and cardiovascular(n=21,43.8%)diseases.The mean overall HADS score for anxiety and depression at 6 months post-ICU discharge was 11.4(SD±8.5).A HADS score of>7 for anxiety and depression was detected in 15 patients(30%)and 18 patients(36%),respectively.Results from the multivariable ordered logistic regression demonstrated that vasopressor use was associated with the development of anxiety and depression[odds ratio(OR)39.06,95% confidence interval:1.309-1165.8;P<0.05].CONCLUSION Six months after ICU discharge,30% of patients who had COVID-19 demonstrated a HADS score that confirmed anxiety and depression.To compare the psychological status of patients following an ICU admission(with vs without COVID-19),further studies are warranted.展开更多
基金conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the institutional review board of Kang-nam Sacred Heart Hospital,Seoul,Korea(No.2022-06-008-001).
文摘Background:Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a global pandemic issue.In addition to the well-known respiratory and fever symptoms,gastrointestinal symptoms have also been reported.This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and prognosis of patients with COVID-19 infection complicated with acute pancreatitis in intensive care unit(ICU).Methods:This was a retrospective observational cohort study,and patients aged 18 years or older,ad-mitted into the ICU in a single tertiary center from January 1,2020,to April 30,2022 were enrolled.Patients were identified by electronic medical records and reviewed manually.The primary outcome was the prevalence of acute pancreatitis among ICU patients with COVID-19.The secondary outcomes were the length of hospital stay,need for mechanical ventilation(MV),need for continuous renal replacement therapy(CRRT),and in-hospital mortality.Results:A total of 4133 patients,admitted into the ICU,were screened.Among these patients,389 were infected by COVID-19,and 86 were diagnosed with acute pancreatitis.COVID-19 positive patients were more likely to present with acute pancreatitis than COVID-19 negative patients(odds ratio=5.42,95%confidence interval:2.35-6.58,P<0.01).However,the length of hospital stay,need for MV,need for CRRT,and in-hospital mortality were not significantly different between acute pancreatitis patients with and without COVID-19 infection.Conclusions:Severe COVID-19 infections may cause acute pancreas damage in critically ill patients.How-ever,the prognosis may not differ between acute pancreatitis patients with and without COVID-19 infec-tion.
文摘Background: The burden of COVID-19 and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are some of the major and persistent global health challenges of the twenty-first century. HIV and COVID-19 are expected to overlap in high HIV-burden countries, posing several public health challenges as a result. Prisons are overcrowded, have limited space for social distancing and have inadequate ventilation systems, making it difficult to contain the spread of COVID-19 in addition to the high-risk behaviours of inmates which contribute to the spread of HIV within these facilities. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of COVID-19 among inmates in a prison facility with a relatively high HIV burden in Port Harcourt, Nigeria;investigating potential risk factors and co-infection with HIV. Methodology: The study employed a descriptive cross-sectional study design sampling 200 inmates from the Port Harcourt Maximum Security Custodial Centre from July to December 2022. A well-structured questionnaire was administered via interviews in addition to screening for HIV-1/2 antibodies as well as COVID-19 antigens using rapid diagnostic test kits. Descriptive statistics and chi-square were carried out on the GraphPad Prism 9 software with statistical significance defined as a p-value of less than 0.05 at a 95% confidence interval. Result: The prevalence of HIV from the current study was 6.5%, COVID-19 prevalence was reported to be 12.5% while HIV/COVID-19 co-infection was 1.5% The duration of incarceration, face mask use, frequent visitations and vaccination against COVID-19 were found to be significantly associated with the prevalence of COVID-19 in the studied population (p Conclusion: The current study reports a relatively high prevalence of HIV and COVID-19 among the inmates in the study area. It becomes expedient for the administrators of the correctional facility to properly screen new inmates for COVID-19, quarantine and manage cases, as well as provide them with personal protective equipment such as face masks. In-person visitation should be balanced with measures to prevent the spread of the infection, and mass vaccination campaigns should be promoted. Improving access to HIV screening and therapy for all prisoners should be prioritised to identify and manage the incidence of HIV early, reducing the risk of transmission, mitigating comorbidities and improving health outcomes.
文摘Background: Since 2019, Covid-19 pandemic has afflicted the world and countries of Africa. Despite the limited resources, these countries already disturbed by multiple diseases that have not yet been controlled such as malaria, must face this pandemic whose success in the management depends on the early detection of the disease. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of Malaria-Covid-19 coinfection in our environment. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of patients’ data with Covid-19 infection from May to July 2021 at the International Hospital center of Kinshasa “CHIK”. We collected data and analysis was performed on the sociodemographic parameters, the notion of anticovid-19 vaccination as well as the duration of the symptomatology before the consultation, the clinical manifestations and the laboratory data available while including the data of the thick drop. Results: A total of 84 patients were registered with an average age of 35.23 ± 12.74 years. The male sex was predominant (82.1%). The Indian community was the most affected (44.2%). The average of days elapsed before the consultation of 3.63 days. The anti-Covid-19 vaccination rate was 20.3%. The prevalence of Malaria-Covid-19 coinfection was 29.76%. In coinfected patients, fever and cough were more reported (64%). Regarding biological and inflammatory parameters, 31.8% of coinfected patients had a platelet count less than 150,000 elements/mm<sup>3</sup> compared to 11.6% in non-Co-infected (p = 0.046). Conclusion: The Malaria-Covid-19 comorbidity prevalence is high in Malaria endemic country like Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). It is necessary to make better distinction, to detect early the comorbidity in order to better guide care and not be limited to treating malaria, letting the Covid-19 evolve.
文摘Background: COVID-19 was declared a worldwide pandemic by the World Health Organization in 2020. Many pieces of research have been published on the virus’s pattern and transmission routes, and a few studies have been published on its psychological repercussions for the general public and health care workers in particular. We aimed in this study to figure out the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of health care workers in the Jazan region and compare it to non-health care workers. Results: There were 221 participants in this study conducted in the Jazan region KSA, during the first part of 2022. 117 participants were non-HCWs (Health Care Workers) and 104 participants were HCWs. 31.7% of HCWs had high score of PTSD symptoms which may suppress their immunity, PTSD was a clinical concern in 12.5%, 6.7% had probable PTSD, and 49% had no PTSD. The average PTSD score in HCWs was 26.14. In contrast, the great majority of non-HCWs (69.2%) had no PTSD;PTSD was a clinical concern in 16.2%, 11.1% had a score indicating PTSD had the potential for immunosuppression, and 3.4% had probable PTSD. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic did not affect just those who were infected with the virus, nor was it restricted to the mental health of those afflicted;rather, the influence expanded until it reached the general public and, in particular, those who had contact with patients, such as health care workers. As a result, mental health investigation, follow-up, and therapy are required to preserve the mental health of health care workers as well as the general population.
文摘Introduction: Coronavirus 19 disease (COVID-19) often presents several serious complications in patients. 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] deficiency is considered a risk factor for severe forms of the disease. Objective: The objective of this work was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with vitamin D deficiency in patients with COVID-19 in Parakou in 2021. Methods: The method used was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study with prospective data collection that covered the period of August 1, 2021, to December 30, 2021. It concerned patients with COVID-19, symptomatic or not, in the commune of Parakou, selected by non-probability sampling. The 25(OH)D assay was performed by an enzyme immunoassay using the heterogeneous phase competition technique. Logistic regression was used to determine the factors associated with 25(OH)D deficiency at the 5% threshold. Results: A total of 197 patients with COVID-19 were included in the study with a mean age of 35.4 ± 15.2 years;with a female predominance (52.3%). The overall prevalence of 25(OH)D deficiency was 31.5% (95% CI [25.1 - 38.5]);it was 32.0% in females and 30.8% in males. 25(OH)D deficiency was more observed in patients ≥ 60 years than in patients < 60 years with no significant difference (p = 0.121), and in females (32.0%) than in males (30.8%) with no significant difference either (p = 0.857). Diabetes (p = 0.036), overweight or obesity (p = 0.032), severe disease forms (p = 0.003) and rhinitis (p = 0.009) were significantly associated with 25(OH)D deficiency. Conclusion: One-third of patients with COVID-19 in Parakou in 2021 were 25(OH)D deficient. 25(OH)D deficiency is associated with the severe form of the disease and with comorbidities justifying supplementation of this vitamin to patients with COVID-19.
文摘Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance is the most important health problems currently. Antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent bacterial co-infections in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, and lack of surveillance were associated with antimicrobial resistance. ESKAPE pathogens consisting of E. faecium, S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, A. baumanii, P. aeruginosa and Enterobacter spp. are associated with healthcare-associated infections. Patients and Methods: This descriptive, retrospective, longitudinal study aims to describe the resistance rates of bloodstream infection due to ESKAPE pathogens from patients admitted in Siloam Hospital Karawaci, before and during COVID-19 pandemic (January 1<sup>st</sup>, 2019 until December 31<sup>st</sup>, 2022). Out of 296 ESKAPE pathogens collected from blood samples, S. aureus was the most frequent species, followed by K. pneumoniae, A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa, Enterobacter spp., and E. faecium. Results: Resistance rates of E. faecium were alarmingly high from 2019 until 2021, but in 2022 no sample was found. Resistance rates of S. aureus and MRSA decreased from 2019 until 2021 and then increased again in 2022 while for K. pneumoniae it peaked in 2020 and reached the lowest in 2022. Resistance pattern of A. baumanii was not favorable from 2019 until 2021, but decreased dramatically in 2022. Resistance pattern of P. aeruginosa was quite variable in 2021 and 2022 while for Enterobacter spp. it was variable in 2020 to 2022. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic affected the antimicrobial resistance pattern of ESKAPE pathogens in Banten province, Indonesia. Resistance rates increased as the pandemic peaked in 2020 to 2021, and decreased as the pandemic resolves in 2022.
文摘目的:分析新型冠状病毒感染(COVID-19)相关心律失常的文献,探索该领域的研究现状、热点并预测未来的趋势,为后来的研究者提供借鉴。方法:选择Web of Science的核心合集数据库,每项研究都进行了文献计量和视觉分析,使用CiteSpace和VOSviewer软件生成知识图谱。结果:共鉴定出768篇文章,发文涉及美国、意大利和中国为首的319个国家/地区和4 366个机构,领先的研究机构是梅奥诊所和哈佛医学院。New England Journal of Medicine是该领域最常被引用的期刊。在6 687位作者中,Arbelo Elena撰写的研究最多,Guo T被共同引用的次数最多,心房纤颤是最常见的关键词。结论:随着COVID-19的暴发,对COVID-19所致新发/进行性心律失常事件的研究蓬勃发展,未来的研究者可能会对COVID-19感染后新发或遗留的快速性心律失常/缓慢性心律失常的发生机制进行进一步的探索。
文摘目的分析COVID-19疫情暴发前后不同国家经季节和日历调整后的生育率(seasonally and calendar adjusted fertility rate,SAFR)趋势的变化及其影响因素。方法使用国际人类生育力数据库(Human Fertility Database,HFD)中28个国家自2012年1月至2022年12月的月度SAFR数据,以2020年12月(2020年3月疫情暴发起点加9个月妊娠过程)为节点划分为疫情前(2012.1-2020.11)和疫情后(2020.12-2022.12)进行比较,使用中断时间序列方法分析各国疫情前后的SAFR趋势(短期波动和长期趋势)是否发生变化,使用秩和检验分析疫情前SAFR、人均GDP、公共卫生和社会措施(public health and social measures,PHSM)和失业率是否与SAFR趋势变化有关。结果疫情后28个国家中19个国家的SAFR出现短期下降,随后反弹。对于长期趋势,2个国家由下降趋势转为上升趋势,8个国家由上升趋势转为下降趋势,6个国家的SAFR保持不变。SAFR变化率下降主要集中在部分中欧国家以及地中海西岸的国家,而SAFR变化率增加的国家主要分布在北欧以及西欧地区。SAFR无短期波动的国家疫情前的SAFR低于有短期波动的国家(P=0.041),SAFR变化率下降国家的疫情前SAFR(P=0.005)与人均GDP(P=0.027)均低于SAFR变化率上升国家。未发现SAFR短期波动或长期趋势与PHSM严重程度指数或失业率存在关联。结论COVID-19疫情对28个国家的SAFR造成了不同的短期和长期影响,特别是经济水平和疫情前SAFR相对较低的国家可能更易遭到进一步打击。COVID-19疫情对各国人口的更长期影响值得进一步关注。
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82103662).
文摘Background:Solid organ transplant(SOT)activities,such as liver transplant,have been greatly influenced by the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),a disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).Immunosuppressed individuals of liver transplant recipients(LTRs)tend to have a high risk of COVID-19 infection and related complications.Therefore,COVID-19 vaccination has been recommended to be administered as early as possible in LTRs.Data sources:The keywords“liver transplant”,“SARS-CoV-2”,and“vaccine”were used to retrieve articles published in PubMed.Results:The antibody response following the 1st and 2nd doses of vaccination was disappointingly low,and the immune responses among LTRs remarkably improved after the 3rd or 4th dose of vaccination.Although the 3rd or 4th dose of COVID-19 vaccine increased the antibody titer,a proportion of patients remained unresponsive.Furthermore,recent studies showed that SARS-CoV-2 vaccine could trigger adverse events in LTRs,including allograft rejection and liver injury.Conclusions:This review provides the recently reported data on the antibody response of LTRs following various doses of vaccine,risk factors for poor serological response and adverse events after vaccination.
基金the Researchers Supporting Project number,King Saud University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia,No.RSPD2024R919.
文摘BACKGROUND Psychological assessment after intensive care unit(ICU)discharge is increasingly used to assess patients'cognitive and psychological well-being.However,few studies have examined those who recovered from coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).There is a paucity of data from the Middle East assessing the post-ICU discharge mental health status of patients who had COVID-19.AIM To evaluate anxiety and depression among patients who had severe COVID-19.METHODS This is a prospective single-center follow-up questionnaire-based study of adults who were admitted to the ICU or under ICU consultation for>24 h for COVID-19.Eligible patients were contacted via telephone.The patient’s anxiety and depression six months after ICU discharge were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS).The primary outcome was the mean HADS score.The secondary outcomes were risk factors of anxiety and/or depression.RESULTS Patients who were admitted to the ICU because of COVID-19 were screened(n=518).Of these,48 completed the questionnaires.The mean age was 56.3±17.2 years.Thirty patients(62.5%)were male.The main comorbidities were endocrine(n=24,50%)and cardiovascular(n=21,43.8%)diseases.The mean overall HADS score for anxiety and depression at 6 months post-ICU discharge was 11.4(SD±8.5).A HADS score of>7 for anxiety and depression was detected in 15 patients(30%)and 18 patients(36%),respectively.Results from the multivariable ordered logistic regression demonstrated that vasopressor use was associated with the development of anxiety and depression[odds ratio(OR)39.06,95% confidence interval:1.309-1165.8;P<0.05].CONCLUSION Six months after ICU discharge,30% of patients who had COVID-19 demonstrated a HADS score that confirmed anxiety and depression.To compare the psychological status of patients following an ICU admission(with vs without COVID-19),further studies are warranted.
