Prevalence and risk factors for left ventricular hypertrophy and left ventricular geometric abnormality in the patients with hypertension among Han Chinese

Background Left ventricular hypertrophy （LVH） and geometric abnormality are associated with morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular disease and stroke. Hypertension is the major cause of LVH. Yet the prevalence and other risk factors of LVH and geometric abnormality in Chinese hypertensive population are unknown. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of LVH and geometric abnormality in community-based Chinese hypertensive population. Methods The study was a community-based cross-sectional study, and comprised 4270 hypertension patients with integrated clinical and echocardiographic data. Left ventricular mass was measured by transthoracic echocardiography. LVH was diagnosed by using the criteria of over 49.2 g/m^2.7 for men and 46.7 g/m^2.7 for women. LV geometric patterns （normal, concentric remodeling, concentric or eccentric hypertrophy） were calculated according to LVH and relative wall thickness. Logistic regression model was used to determine the odds ratio （OR） and 95% confidence intervals （CI） of the risk factors of LVH. Results The prevalence of LVH was 42.7% in 4270 hypertensive patients, with 37.4% in males and 45.4% in females, respectively. The prevalence of concentric remodeling, concentric or eccentric hypertrophy was 24.7%, 20.2%, and 22.6%, respectively. In Logistic regression model, female （OR 1.3, 95%C/ 1.1-1.5, P 〈0.01）, age （OR 1.02, 95%C/ 1.01-1.03, P 〈0.01）, body mass index （OR 1.2, 95%C/1.15-1.20, P 〈0.01）, systolic blood pressure （OR 1.02, 95%C/ 1.01-1.03, P 〈0.01 ）, and serum triglyceride （OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.00-1.20, P 〈0.01 ） were risk factors of LVH. Female, age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure and serum triglyceride were also risk factors of left ventricular geometric abnormality. Conclusions The echocardiographic LVH is the major complication of patients with hypertension in rural area of China, especially for women. To effectively treat hypertension, weight loss and control of serum triglyceride may help to prevent LVH in hypertensive population.

Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Predictive Factors among Congolese Hypertensive Patients

A cross-sectional study of hypertensive patients was carried out in Brazzaville between January 2011 and December 2013.?The objectives of the present study are to determine the different types of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH)?and to identify the predictive factors of LVH. It included 556 hypertensive patients with LVH, characterized by left ventricular mass index (LVMI) > 135 g/m2?in men, and > 111 g/m2?in women. Patients’ sociodemographic data and echocardiographic parameters were gathered and analyzed. There were 342 males (61.5%) and 214 females (38.5%),?with?mean age 53.5 ± 11.5 years. The indications of the test were hypertension initial evaluation in 402 cases (72.3%), investigation of ischemic stroke in 62 cases (11.2%), heart failure in 58 cases (10.4%), dyspnea and chest pain in respectively 22 and 12 cases. Hypertension, old of 5.2 ± 4.5 years, was associated with overweight/obesity in 408 cases (73.4%), physical inactivity in 325 cases (58.5%), hypertension family history in 274 cases (49.3%), diabetes mellitus in 76 cases (13.7%), dyslipidemia in 63 cases (11.3%), tobacco use in 9 cases (1.6%). The prevalence of LVH was 49.4% and consisted into concentric LVH in 470 cases (84.5%), eccentric LVH in 70 cases (12.6%), and in 16 cases (2.9%),?it was a concentric left ventricular remodeling. Age, male gender, seniority of hypertension and treatment were predictive factors of LVH. The latter is the most predominant abnormality in the echocardiographic profile of Congolese hypertensive patients. Efficient management on hypertension will lead to reducing its morbidity and mortality.

Effect of Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bge on Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and the Expression of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

The effects of salvia miltiorrhiza Bge (SMB) on left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the left ventricle of spontaneously hypertensive rats and the action mechanism were investigated. Normal Wistar-kyoto (WKY) rats were used as negative control, and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were randomly assigned to receive pla- cebo or SMB. SMB (1 g/kg·d) was injected intraperitoneally for 12 weeks. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) were measured. HE, VG and immunohistochemical staining combined with computed morphometry were employed to evaluate the cardiomyocyte size, diameter, the collagen volume fraction (CVF), perivascular circumferential area (PVCA), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression in the left ventricular tissue. The results showed, as compared with WKY rats, the SBP, LVMI, cardiomyocyte size, diameter, CVF, PCVA, and TNF-α expression were increased markedly in the 20-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats. SMB decreased LVMI (P<0.01), size of cardiomyocytes (P<0.01), collagen volume fraction (P<0.01), perivascular circum- ferential area (P<0.01), and TNF-α expression (P<0.01), but had no effect on SBP (P>0.05). It was suggested that chronic administration of SMB could inhibit and reverse the development of LVH in spontaneously hypertensive rats independent of BP. TNF-α may be involved in the reversal mecha- nism of LVH by SMB.

Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Hemodialysis Patients

Background: Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a common cardiovascular complication and an independent risk factor for cardiovascular death in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Previous studies have shown that fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), which has an important role in phosphate metabolism, is elevated in HD patients. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the association of FGF23 and LVH and the prognostic value of serum FGF23 level in HD patients. One hundred seven HD patients were evaluated for LVH by echocardiography. Serum FGF23 levels were measured using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Results: Patients with LVH were more likely to have higher systolic blood pressure (BP) and LVH was significantly associated with female gender and higher serum levels of phosphate and calcium ×phosphate products. LVH was also associated with higher serum FGF23 level. Multivariate analysis indicated that serum FGF23 level, systolic BP, and serum phosphate level remained correlated with LVH. This suggested that serum FGF23 level is independently associated with LVH in our HD patients. Cox analysis indicated no significant difference in risk of death for patients with elevated serum FGF23 level. Conclusion: LVH has a high prevalence in HD patients, and FGF23 is independently associated with LVH but is not a predictor for prognosis during a 4-year follow-up period.

Effect of Different Styles of Coronary Heart Disease and Its Risk Factors on Cardiac Remodeling and Dysfunction

Objectives To evaluate the effect of different styles of coronary heart disease （CHD）, different regions of acute myocardial infarction （AMI）, its risk factors and branches of coronary stenosis on left ventricular remodeling and dysfunction by applying echocardiography. Methods 251 patients with CHD and 96 patients without CHD （NoCHD） were verified by selective coronary angiography. CHD patients were divided into stable angina pectoris （SAP） 26, unstable angina pectoris（UAP） 53, acute myocardial infarction （AMI） 140 and old myocardial infarction （OMI） 30 based on clinical situation, cTnT, cardiac enzyme and ECG. AMI patients were further divided into subgroups including acute anterior myocardial infarct （Aa,n = 53）, acute inferior myocardial infarction （Ai, n=54） and Aa＋Ai （n=33） based on ECG. Cardiac parameters： end-diastolic interventricular septum thickness（IVSd）, end-diastolic left ventricular internal diameter （LVd）, left ventricular mass （LM）, end-diastolic left ventricular volume （EDV）, end-systolic left ventricular volume （ESV） and left ventricular ejection fraction（LVEF） were measured by ACUSON 128XP/10 echocardiography. Multiples linear regression analyses were performed to test statistical associations between LVEF and the involved branches of coronary stenosis, blood pressure, lipids, glucose and etc after onset of myocardial infarction. Results EDV and ESV were increased and LVEF decreased on patients with AMI,OMI and UAP （P〈0.05-0.0001）. LM was mainly increased in patients with OMI （P〈0.01） and LVd was mainly enlarged in patients with AMI. EF was significantly decreased and EDV, ESV, LM and LVd were remarkably increased in AMI patients with Aa and Aa＋Ai. With the multiple linear regression analyses by SPSS software, we found that LVEF was negatively correlated to the involved branches of coronary stenosis as well as to systolic blood pressure after onset of myocardial infarction while there was no significant correlation between LVEF and other factors. LVEF was significantly decreased, and LVd and LM increased in AMI patients with antecedent hypertension, compared to patients without hypertension （P〈0.001）. Conclusions Effects of different styles of CHD and different regions of AMI on left ventricular remodeling and cardiac function are different. Myocardial infarction, especially Aa and Aa＋Ai, is one of the most important causes of left ventricular remodeling and cardiac dysfunction. Multiple vessel stenosis and systolic blood pressure at the onset of myocardial infarction reduce LVEF in AMI patients. Antecedent hypertension may accelerate the effect of AMI on cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. Therefore primary and secondary preventions of CHD are critical for protecting heart from remodeling and dysfunction.

Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors of Left Ventricular Thrombus after Acute Myocardial Infarction： A Matched Case-control Study

Background： Left ventricular thrombus （LVT） is reported to be a common complication in acute myocardial infarction （AMI） patients. And it has the potential to cause systemic embolism. This retrospective study was to present the current situation of LVT in clinical practice, as well as to evaluate the clinical characteristics and the risk factors of LVT alter AMI. Methods： LVT cases （n = 96） were identified from 13,732 AMI （non-ST elevation myocardial infarction was excluded） patients in Fuwai Hospital＇s electronic medical records system from January 2003 to January 2013. The controls （n = 192） were gender- and age-matched AMI patients without LVT during this period. A conditional logistic regression （fitted by the Cox model） was performed to identity the independent risk factors. Results： The incidence of LVT after AMI was 0.7%. Univariate analysis indicated that the anterior myocardial infarction （especially extensive anterior myocardial infarction）, lower left ventricular ejection traction （LVEF）, LVEF ≤40%, severe regional wall motion abnonnalities （RWMA）, pericardial effusion, and left ventricular aneurysm were all related to LVT after AMI. The independent risk factors obtained from the conditional logistic regression analysis were lower LVEF （odds ratio （OR） = 0.891, 95% confidence interval （CI）： 0.828-0.960）, extensive anterior myocardial infarction （OR = 6.403, 95% CI： 1,769~3.169）, severe RWMA （OR = 7.348, 95% （7：1.32340.819）. and left ventricular aneurysm （OR = 6.955.95% CI： 1.673-28.921 ）. Conclusions： This study indicated that lower LVEF. extensive anterior myocardial infarction, severe RWMA, and left ventricular aneu,ysm were independent risk factors of LVT after AMI. It also suggested that further efforts are needed for the LVT diagnosis after AMI in clinical practice.

Risk factors for mortality after coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with low left ventricular ejection fraction

Background We managed to assess and confirm the risk factors for mortality after coronary artery bypass grafting （CABG） operations so as to map out the proper guidance of surgical strategy especially in patients with low left ventncular ejection fraction （LVEF） in domestic polyclinic like ours. Methods Five hundred and forty-eight consecutive patients underwent CABG from December 1999 through August 2005 were analyzed retrospectively. Eighty-nine cases had an LVEF of 40% or less. All together twenty-two candidate factors were evaluated for their association with perioperative death using univariate and multivariate stepwise Logistic analysis. Results When data from all the patients who had undergone CABG were taken into account, LVEF, left ventricular end diastolic diameter （LVEDD）, mitral regurgitation, aneurysm of the heart wall, mitral repair/replacement, resection of aneurysm, concomitant aortic valve replacement, and perioperative intra-aortic balloon counter-pulsation （IABP）, left ventricular assist device （LVAD） and cardiopulmonary bypass （CPB） all showed an association with perioperative death in univariate analysis, while an LVEF of 〉40%, on the other hand, appeared to be a protective factor. In multivariate analysis, moderate to severe mitral regurgitation, aneurysm of the heart wall, repair of septal perforation and aortic regurgitation were proved to be risk factors. When the analysis was restricted to patients with an LVEF of 40% or less, such variables as age, LVEDD, mitral regurgitation, mitral repair/replacement, IABP, and CPB were qualified as risk factors in a univariate analysis. Age, moderate mitral regurgitation, aneurysm of the heart wall, CPB, left main coronary artery disease and female were associated with pefioperative death in a multivariate logistic regression analysis. Conclusions Concerning the prognosis, patients who undergo CABG would have different risk factors when data from all the enrolled patients or data from patients with LVEF≤40% is compared. This is because low LVEF is itself an important risk factor. Regarding the low LVEF patients, the aggressive treatments including correction of mitral regurgitation and resection of aneurysm of the heart wall concomitant with CABG should be taken into account while planning the operative strategy to ensure the perioperative safety and prognosis.

老年维持性血液透析病人左心室舒张功能障碍的危险因素分析

目的 探讨老年维持性血液透析(maintenance hemodialysis, MHD)病人发生左心室舒张功能障碍(left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, LVDD)的影响因素。方法 选取2022年3—12月于东南大学附属中大医院血液净化中心行透析治疗的老年MHD病人178例,根据是否发生LVDD将病人分为LVDD组和非LVDD组。收集并比较2组一般资料、实验室指标及心脏结构相关参数,采用Logistic回归分析老年MHD病人发生LVDD的危险因素。结果 LVDD组透析龄和舒张末室间隔厚度(IVST)、甲状旁腺激素、脑钠肽水平显著高于非LVDD组(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,透析龄(OR=1.284,95%CI:1.102~1.497)和IVST(OR=11.434,95%CI:5.942~118.404)为老年MHD病人发生LVDD的危险因素(P<0.01)。结论 临床对透析龄较长、IVST较高的老年MHD病人要警惕LVDD的发生。

非体外循环冠状动脉搭桥术后谵妄的DynNom预测模型构建

目的基于DynNom动态评分构建非体外循环冠状动脉搭桥术后谵妄预测模型。方法收集2020年6月至2023年6月于江苏省人民医院行非体外循环冠状动脉搭桥术的265例患者临床资料,根据术后谵妄发生情况将患者分为谵妄组(n=61)和非谵妄组(n=204)。采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归法分析非体外循环冠状动脉搭桥术后谵妄的危险因素,并建立DynNom预测模型。结果非体外循环冠状动脉搭桥术后谵妄的发生率为23.02%(61/265)。两组糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、简易智力状态检查量表(MMSE)评分、营养风险筛查2002(NRS2002)评分、左室射血分数(LVEF)、酸碱平衡紊乱和电解质紊乱比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,HbA1c≥7%、MMSE评分<27分、NRS2002评分≥3分、LVEF<50%、酸碱平衡紊乱和电解质紊乱是非体外循环冠状动脉搭桥术后谵妄的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。DynNom预测模型评估结果显示,C-index指数为0.747(95%CI 0.711~0.783),校准曲线贴近理想曲线,受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线下面积(AUC)为0.753(95%CI 0.721~0.785),当DynNom模型预测值在10%~79%范围时,患者的净获益率>0。结论基于HbA1c≥7%、MMSE评分<27分、NRS2002评分≥3分、LVEF<50%、酸碱平衡紊乱和电解质紊乱构建的DynNom预测模型对非体外循环冠状动脉搭桥术后谵妄的发生风险具有一定的预测价值。

扩张型心肌病患者心内血栓形成危险因素及预测模型研究

目的探究扩张型心肌病(DCM)患者心内血栓形成的危险因素,基于此构建列线图预测模型并进行验证及评价。方法该研究纳入诊断为DCM的88例合并心内血栓患者和544例无心内血栓患者,并将研究对象按7∶3比例随机分为训练集和验证集。通过单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析筛选出DCM患者心内血栓形成的独立危险因素,借助R软件构建列线图预测模型。应用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)、Hosmer-Lemeshow拟合优度检验和校准曲线、决策曲线对模型进行验证及评价。结果二元Logistic回归分析显示:年龄、心房颤动(房颤)、左心室舒张末内径(LVEDD)、脑钠肽(BNP)和β受体阻滞剂与DCM患者心内血栓形成独立相关。基于此5项因素构建列线图预测模型并进行验证,结果显示训练集和验证集的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.823(95%CI:0.760~0.887)、0.803(95%CI:0.705~0.901),表明模型具有良好的鉴别能力;校准曲线的Hosmer-Lemeshow检验结果分别为^(χ2)=6.679、P=0.572和^(χ2)=2.588、P=0.958,显示预测结果与实际结果具有良好的一致性;决策曲线显示阈值在0.05~0.92区间内,临床净获益较高。结论基于年龄、房颤、LVEDD、BNP和β受体阻滞剂5项因素构建的列线图预测模型,具有良好的鉴别能力、校准能力和临床获益,能有效指导临床医师进行早期危险因素干预,降低心内血栓发生的风险。

维持性血液透析患者左心室舒张功能障碍的危险因素分析

目的 探讨维持性血液透析(maintenance hemodialysis,MHD)患者左心室舒张功能障碍(left ventricular diastolic dysfunction,LVDD)发生的危险因素。方法 采用回顾性研究,纳入北京市顺义区医院血液净化中心进行维持性血液透析的100例患者,根据多普勒超声心动图结果,记录心尖四腔切面室间隔侧二尖瓣环处舒张早期峰值速度(early diastolic flow-velocity peak,Ve)及舒张晚期峰值速度(late diastolic flow-velocity peak,Va),计算Ve与Va的比值(Ve/Va)。以Ve/Va<1作为判断左心室舒张功能障碍的标准,将患者分为LVDD组和无LVDD组;收集2组患者一般资料和生化指标,比较2组间上述各指标的差异性,并采用Logistic回归分析LVDD的危险因素结果 (1)MHD患者LVDD组糖尿病肾病(diabetic nephropathy,DN)发生率高于左心室舒张功能正常组(χ^(2)=4.332,P=0.024)。(2)与左心室舒张功能正常组相比,LVDD组收缩压、钙磷乘积、C-反应蛋白(CRP)水平显著增高(t=6.443、5.419、5.107,P=0.033、0.043、0.036),而血浆白蛋白(Alb)水平显著降低(t=6.759,P=0.008)。(3)Logistic回归分析显示:收缩压升高可能是MHD患者LVDD发生的独立危险因素(OR=1.245,95%CI:0.987~1.008,P=0.001),而血浆白蛋白是其保护性因素(OR=2.061,95%CI:0.091~1.239,P=0.037)。结论 糖尿病肾病、收缩压、营养不良、钙磷乘积升高、CRP升高与MHD患者LVDD发生有关,且收缩压升高、白蛋白降低可能是其重要的独立危险因素。需要引起临床重视。

慢性肾脏病患者左心室肥厚危险因素的研究进展

左心室肥厚(LVH)是慢性肾脏病(CKD)患者中最常见的心肌损害,室间隔增厚是评估LVH的重要定量指标。导致CKD患者LVH的危险因素,包括高血压、糖尿病、容量超负荷、透析方式、贫血、继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进、营养不良、血脂代谢异常及慢性炎症反应等,这些因素互相影响,共同作用于心血管系统,导致CKD患者发生心脏结构及功能改变。目前新的危险因素如骨调节蛋白、成纤维细胞生长因子23,对CKD患者LVH的相关发病机制、治疗的研究仍尚少,将来仍需收集大样本量的研究进一步探讨,寻找对应靶点进行干预,改善CKD患者的预后。

老年高血压患者左心室肥厚影响因素分析

目的:探讨老年高血压患者左心室肥厚的影响因素。方法:选取2021年6—12月在上海市浦东新区金杨社区卫生服务中心参与体检的65岁及以上的365例老年高血压患者。以左心室质量指数作为判断标准,将其分为左心室肥厚组(134例)和左心室正常组(231例)。分析两组患者的人口学资料和相关危险因素,采用多因素logistic模型分析左心室肥厚的影响因素。结果:老年高血压患者左心室肥厚发生率为36.7%。与左心室正常组相比,左心室肥厚组年龄更大、女性占比更高、高血压病程更长、体质指数(BMI)更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。年龄(OR=1.095)、女性(OR=4.718)、高血压病程(OR=1.039)、BMI(OR=1.136)为老年高血压患者左心室肥厚的危险因素。结论:高龄、女性、高血压病程长、肥胖是老年高血压患者左心室肥厚的危险因素。

Variants of tumor necrosis factor-induced protein 3 gene are associated with left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertensive patients

Background Tumor necrosis factor-induced protein 3 （TNFAIP3） gene has been shown important in cardiac remodeling. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the variants of TNFAIP3 gene are associated with left ventricular hypertrophy （LVH） in hypertensive patients.Methods Four representatives of all the other single nucleotide polymorphisms （SNPs） in TNFAIP3 gene were tested for association with hypertrophy in two independent hypertensive populations （n=2120 and n=324）.Results We found that only the tag SNP （rs5029939） was consistently lower in the hypertensives with cardiac hypertrophy than in those without cardiac hypertrophy in the two study populations, indicating a protective effect on LVH （odds ratio （OR） （95% confidence interval （CI））0.58 （0.358-0.863）, P=0.035; OR （95% CI）=0.477 （0.225-0.815）, P〈0.05,respectively）. Multiple regression analyses confirmed that the patients with G allele of rs5029939 had less thickness in inter-ventricular septum, left ventricular posterior wall, relative wall thickness and left ventricular mass index than did those with CC allele in the hypertensive patients in both study populations （all P〈0.01）.Conclusion These findings indicate that the SNP （rs5029939） in the TNFAIP3 gene may serve as a novel protective genetic marker for the development of LVH in patients with hypertension

ST段抬高型急性心肌梗死患者行PCI治疗近期预后影响因素分析

目的分析ST段抬高型急性心肌梗死(STEMI)患者行经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)治疗的近期预后及影响因素。方法选取2018年9月-2020年12月收治的189例STEMI为研究对象,分析STEMI患者行PCI治疗的近期预后情况以及影响患者近期预后的危险因素。结果随访6个月,失访60例,实际随访129例。出院后短期无事件生存112例(86.82%)为预后良好组,出现不良心血管事件17例(13.18%)为预后不良组,其中新发急性心力衰竭8例、再次血运重建4例、恶性心律失常3例、顽固性心绞痛2例。预后良好组与预后不良组在年龄、吸烟史、术前胸痛持续时间、直接胆红素、心肌肌钙蛋白I及左心室射血分数(LVEF)方面比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。经多因素Logistic回归分析,年龄、吸烟史、术前胸痛持续时间、直接胆红素、心肌肌钙蛋白I及LVEF为影响STEMI患者行PCI治疗近期预后不良的独立危险因素(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论STEMI患者的年龄、吸烟史、术前胸痛持续时间、直接胆红素、心肌肌钙蛋白I及LVEF均是影响PCI治疗近期预后不良的独立危险因素。

急性心肌梗死经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术后室壁瘤患者发生左心室血栓的相关因素研究

目的探讨急性心肌梗死经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)术后室壁瘤患者发生左心室血栓(left ventricular thrombus,LVT)的相关因素。方法回顾性分析吉林大学中日联谊医院166例急性心肌梗死经PCI术后3个月内并发室壁瘤患者的临床资料,根据是否发生LVT分为LVT组(26例)和非LVT组(140例),分析两组患者的一般资料,并对可能导致左心室血栓发生的危险因素进行单因素分析,将差异有统计学意义的指标进行多因素Logistic回归分析,研究造成LVT的高危因素。结果单因素分析结果显示,LVT组前壁心肌梗死比例高于非LVT组(P<0.05),白细胞水平低于非LVT组(P<0.05)。经胸心脏超声结果显示,LVT组左室内径及左室后壁厚度均大于非LVT组(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,前壁心肌梗死(β=1.595,OR=4.930,95%CI:1.080~22.503)是急性心肌梗死PCI术后室壁瘤患者发生LVT的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论前壁心肌梗死是急性心肌梗死PCI术后室壁瘤患者发生LVT的独立危险因素。

纤维蛋白原-白蛋白比值与慢性肾脏病3~5期患者左心室肥厚的相关性研究

目的 探讨慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)3~5期患者的纤维蛋白原-白蛋白比值(fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio, FAR)水平与左心室肥厚(left ventricular hypertrophy,LVH)的关系以及LVH的相关因素分析。方法 横断面调查2018年7月至2020年3月在安徽医科大学第二附属医院就诊的CKD 3~5期患者181例,收集一般资料及生化指标;计算冠状动脉Agatston评分、左心室质量指数(left ventricular mass index,LVMI),将患者分为LVH组与非LVH组,进行组间比较,评估CKD患者LVH的危险因素。结果 (1) LVH组FAR水平较非LVH组水平更高[97.65 (73.31, 143.29)比84.40(67.52, 107.06), P=0.003];(2)LVMI与FAR水平呈正相关(r=0.194,P=0.010);(3)高FAR水平(OR=1.012,95%CI:1.003~1.020,P=0.006)、高血压病史(OR=5.348,95%CI:1.634~17.499,P=0.006)、瓣膜钙化(OR=3.392,95%CI:1.490~7.722,P=0.004)、冠状动脉钙化(OR=2.675, 95%CI:1.180~6.064, P=0.018)、高血尿酸水平(OR=1.004, 95%CI:1.000~1.007,P=0.026)是CKD3~5期患者LVH的独立危险因素。FAR预测LVH的ROC曲线下面积为0.630,P=0.003;淋巴细胞计数、血尿酸、冠状动脉钙化、瓣膜钙化、高血压、FAR联合因素预测LVH的ROC曲线下面积为0.833,P<0.001。结论 FAR是CKD3~5期患者LVH的独立危险因素,对CKD3~5期患者合并LVH有一定的诊断价值和预测价值。

急性心力衰竭住院患者出院后2年内生存情况分析

目的:分析急性心力衰竭(心衰)住院患者出院后2年内的死亡情况、死因及死亡影响因素。方法:从重大慢病国家注册登记研究心衰前瞻队列研究中选取2016年8月至2018年5月全国52家医院的4582例急性心衰住院患者,按左心室射血分数(LVEF)分为射血分数降低的心衰(HFrEF,LVEF<40%,n=1999)、射血分数轻度降低的心衰(HFmrEF,40%≤LVEF<50%,n=885)、射血分数保留的心衰(HFpEF,LVEF≥50%,n=1698)三类。于患者出院后1、6、12、24个月随访,收集死亡与死因信息,分析心衰患者出院后2年内的死亡情况、死因及死亡影响因素。结果:患者中位年龄为67(57,75)岁,37.2%为女性。出院后2年内,1233例(26.9%)患者死亡,其中心血管死亡744例(16.2%),非心血管死亡170例(3.7%),死因不明319例(7.0%)。多因素Cox分析显示,HFmrEF、HFpEF患者2年内全因死亡(分别为:HR=0.69,95%CI:0.59~0.81;HR=0.58,95%CI:0.51~0.67)和心血管死亡(分别为:HR=0.72,95%CI:0.59~0.88;HR=0.48,95%CI:0.40~0.58)风险均低于HFrEF患者(P均<0.01)。在三类心衰患者中,心血管死亡均为最主要的死因,HFrEF患者中心血管死亡比例高于HFmrEF患者和HFpEF患者(19.9%vs.16.5%vs.11.8%,P<0.01)。除年龄、合并症等常见临床因素外,生活质量较差、抑郁、认知功能障碍等以患者为中心的健康状态相关因素也与全因死亡和心血管死亡风险增加有关。结论:约四分之一的急性心衰患者在出院后2年内死亡,心血管原因为主要死因,HFrEF患者的长期死亡风险高于HFmrEF患者和HFpEF患者。常见临床因素和以患者为中心的健康状态相关因素均与患者出院后死亡有关。

左心室质量指数在类风湿关节炎患者中的影响因素分析

目的 探讨类风湿关节炎(RA)患者左心室质量指数(LVMI)情况及LVMI升高的影响因素。方法 选取2020年7月至2022年3月于我院就诊的260例RA患者,同期健康体检者260例作为对照组,比较两组一般资料及LVMI;进一步分为LVMI升高组和LVMI未升高组,探讨RA患者LVMI升高的影响因素。结果 RA患者组的LVMI显著高于对照者,LVMI升高组的女性患者多于LVMI未升高组,年龄、合并糖尿病率、身体质量指数、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、同型半胱氨酸水平高于LVMI未升高组,估算肾小球滤过率水平低于LVMI未升高组(P<0.05);性别、年龄、合并糖尿病、血红蛋白、同型半胱氨酸水平是RA患者LVMI升高的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 RA患者LVMI升高受多种因素影响,临床医生应重点关注,以减少心血管疾病的发生。

急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者PCI后左心室壁瘤形成的影响因素分析及预测模型的初步构建

目的 探讨急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)后左心室壁瘤(LVA)形成的影响因素,并在此基础上初步构建LVA形成的预测模型。方法 回顾性分析2020年1月—2023年1月上饶市人民医院收治的110例STEMI患者的临床资料,按照PCI后是否发生LVA分为无LVA组(76例)和LVA组(34例),采用单因素分析及多因素逐步Logistic回归分析筛选STEMI患者PCI后LVA形成的影响因素,根据多因素分析结果,初步构建STEMI患者PCI后LVA形成的预测模型,并绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析LVA形成预测模型预测STEMI患者PCI后LVA形成的价值。结果 LVA组女性占比、饮酒率、C反应蛋白(CCRP)、脑钠肽(BNP)、基质金属蛋白酶-9 (MMP-9)水平均高于无LVA组(P <0.05),左心室射血分数(LVEF)水平低于无LVA组(P <0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果表明,LVEF、CRP、BNP、MMP-9预测STEMI患者PCI后LVA形成的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.836、0.860、0.868和0.803,预测LVA形成的临界值分别为49.478%、27.905 mg/L、389.798 pg/mL、279.807 pg/mL。多因素逐步Logistic回归分析结果显示,女性[OR=3.589(95%CI:1.428,7.215)]、饮酒[OR=2.694(95%CI:1.437,5.482)]、LVEF≤49.478%[OR=3.978(95%CI:0.537,1.176)]、CRP≥27.905 mg/L [OR=4.959(95%CI:2.003,19.350)]、BNP≥389.798 pg/mL [OR=2.739(95%CI:1.455,5.712)]、MMP-9≥279.807 pg/mL [OR=5.105(95%CI:1.684,14.178)]是STEMI患者PCI后LVA形成的危险因素(P <0.05)。根据多因素分析结果,将临床相关指标LVEF、CRP、BNP、MMP-9纳入LVA形成预测模型,Logit(P)=-31.584+1.381_(XLVEF)+1.601_(XCRP)+1.007_(XBNP)+1.630_(XMMP-9)。ROC曲线分析结果表明,该模型预测STEMI患者PCI后LVA形成的临界值为31.580,AUC为0.941,敏感性为92.1%(95%CI:0.846,0.988),特异性为88.2%(95%CI:0.754,0.934)。LVA形成预测模型的敏感性优于各项指标单独预测。结论 女性、饮酒及LVEF、CRP、BNP、MMP-9水平是STEMI患者PCI后LVA形成的危险因素,临床应对存在该危险因素的患者进行长期跟踪随访,尽早发现LVA的发生,以便早期治疗。