Analysis on Lightning Strike Cause of Directly Buried Optical Cable in Wind Farm and Its Prevention Methods

Directly buried metal optical cable is a form of erecting optical fiber ring network communication system in wind farms. Although the directly buried optical cable is much less than the overhead optical cable affected by lightning, sometimes lightning damaging optical cable and flashover discharge accidents of optical cable port occurred. In this paper, the amplitude spectrum of lightning wave, the breakdown depth and breakdown distance of lightning wave to soil, the metal components of optical cable port and the impedance characteristics of grounding wire are systematically analyzed, and the prevention methods of directly buried optical cable in wind farm to avoid lightning damage are proposed.

Mycotoxin’s Infections and Prevention Methods: State of the Art

Fungi that attack field crops and contaminate agricultural commodities produce mycotoxins when conditions are favorable. These are specialized metabolites made of poisonous chemical compounds created by bacteria, fungi, or plants that aren’t involved in the organism’s usual growth, development, or reproduction. They have an adversarial hold on humans, wildlife, and the agricultural sector, resulting in mysterious ailments and economic disruptions. Mycotoxins-tainted food and fodder can be found all over the world, posing a global concern. Consumption of contaminated food and fodder is a typical cause of epidemic outbreaks. Other mycotoxins have been associated with esophageal cancer and neural tube defects (NTDs);the immunotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) causes diarrhea when combined with trichothecenes, and ochratoxin A (OTA) has been linked to kidney failure. The direct market costs associated with missed trade or lower revenues owing to tainted food or feed could be viewed as the economic repercussions of mycotoxins on human society. This review describes frequent groups of mycotoxins in detail, their impact on global health, their impact on the socio-economy;the methods of detection and prevention of these mycotoxins.

Knowledge of Zika Virus Disease Prevention Methods, among Female Caregivers That Bring Babies for Immunization in a Teaching Hospital, Southeast Nigeria

Zika virus disease is a disease of public health importance and was declared a “Public Health Emergency of International Concern”, by the World Health Organization on February 1, 2016. It is mostly transmitted through the bite of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitos. Transmission can also occur through blood transfusion and sexual intercourse. It could cause microcephaly and other neurological problems in newborns and adults, such as Guillain-Barre syndrome. It could also lead to abortion and stillbirth in pregnant women. Prevention methods are essentially targeted at transmission routes, which are mosquito bite, sexual intercourse, and blood transfusion. The study was of observational, descriptive, cross-sectional design, and conducted in a tertiary health institution in the Southeast geopolitical zone of Nigeria. Two hundred and fifty-six female caregivers participated in the study, with most of them being within the childbearing age group, and educated up to tertiary level. The objective was to assess the knowledge of Zika virus infection prevention methods, among female caregivers that bring babies for immunization in a Teaching Hospital, Southeast Nigeria. Out of the eight questions that sought to assess the knowledge level of the respondents, they scored 50% and above only in three, which were on prevention through protection against mosquito bite (60.5%), avoiding unnecessary blood transfusion in endemic areas (53.9%), and avoidance of oily meals not being a preventive measure (51.2%). Respondents in the childbearing age group, and those with higher educational qualifications, generally exhibited higher knowledge level than the other respondents. Scores on questions that sought to assess their knowledge on prevention aspects related to sexual behavior, and vaccination were poor. Sensitization, or awareness creation activities for persons in this study area, ought to be designed to address the observed gaps.

Causes Leading to Formation of Shot Cokes and Measures for Its Prevention in Super Viscous Oil Delayed Coking Unit

Shot cokes are frequently formed in the delayed coking unit treating the super viscous oil at PetroChina＇s Liaohe Petrochemical Company. Considerable work has been carded out to avoid the formation of shot cokes. The test results obtained have shown that the property of super viscous oil has played a key role in the formation of shot cokes. After adjusting and optimizing the process indices the operating regime of the delayed coking unit at a throughput of 118t/h of the super viscous oil is specified as follows： a reaction temperature of 498-502℃, a reaction pressure of 0.17-0.25 MPa, a recycle ratio of 0.5-0.6 and a fractionation tower bottom temperature of 355-365 ℃. In the meantime, the delayed coking process has adopted measures to enhance pre-fractionation of the feedstock to rationally remove light fractions and maintain a steady gas velocity in order to avoid the formation of shot cokes.

Research Progress on Prevention and Control Technology of Empoasca vitis Gthe in Tea Garden

The tea green leafhopper Empoasca vitis Gothe, one of major tea insect pests in China's Mainland, grows concealed with small size, rapid reproduction and overlapped generations, which has become the most serious insect pest in tea garden. This paper described the morphological features, damage modes and occur- rence characteristics of E. vitis, and preliminarily summarized the main control methods in recent years. Therefore, from pollution-free and green control perspec- tive, controlling population quantity of E. vitis safely and effectively and reducing the yield loss of tea has become a hot issue in prevention and control of insect pests in tea garden. The paper provided a reference in green comprehensive prevention of insect pests in tea garden.

Study on Detection of Negative Corona Discharge Generated in Rod-Plane Air Gap by Using External Electrode Method

A detective method of a negative corona discharge by means of an external electrode is presented. The relationship between an area of the external electrode and a detected voltage waveform is examined experimentally. This experimental study is carried out with the use of a rod-plane air gap. The results obtained will be applicable to problems associated with silos, ducts, and high-voltage equipment.

粮食作物中真菌毒素脱毒技术及其防控措施研究进展

对粮食作物中真菌毒素的物理、生物及化学脱毒技术以及在粮食作物不同生产阶段的真菌毒素防控措施的研究进展进行了综述,其中重点围绕各类脱毒技术和防控措施的优缺点及适用范围进行了阐述,以期为推动粮食减损和保障食品安全提供思路。

犯罪情报研判错误风险防范研究

情报研判本质上是侦查人员的认识活动,在探索认识的过程中,由于侦查人员认知偏差、认识的局限性以及研判过程的曲折性等,导致出现情报研判错误风险防范意识不强、情报研判错误风险发现难和情报研判错误风险防范时机选择难等困境。为此,可从贯彻司法责任制强化侦查人员情报研判错误风险防范意识,深化技术加持提高侦查人员情报研判错误风险防范能力,发挥人的主观能动性制定情报研判错误风险防范预案等方面拓展犯罪情报研判错误风险防范路径。在路径导引下,探索诠释批判法、智能检查表法和错误风险树分析法等防范方法,以期助力情报研判错误的预防。

短周期线性密集台阵揭示宣城地区浅部地壳速度结构及断裂发育特征

宣城市位于东南丘陵与长江中下游平原过渡地带,区内经历多期构造活动,地质构造复杂且断裂十分发育,开展宣城地区浅部速度结构和断裂带探测,不仅有助于深入了解区内地质构造和成矿作用,还可以为区域地震危险性和危害性评价提供重要的参考模型.本文在研究区布设了一条由110套三分量地震仪组成的短周期线性密集台阵,利用采集的一个月的三分量背景噪声数据,采用噪声谱比方法(HVSR)探测研究区场地峰值频率及基岩界面结构;通过垂直分量背景噪声数据重建经验格林函数,采用拓距相移法(ERPS)提取相速度频散曲线并反演线性台阵下方浅部地壳精细横波速度结构.基于HVSR计算的场地峰值频率和基岩界面埋深,刻画了测线下方浅部地表松散沉积层的结构,结果显示研究区内皖南山区基岩埋深较浅,盆地区域基岩埋深较深,地表松散沉积层的厚度最大可至地下80 m,此外还评估了区内地震破坏性和建筑的抗震性,认为研究区内平均振幅放大系数相对较高,局部区域可能会产生明显的地震放大效应,并且皖南山区低矮建筑(1~2层)及宣城—南陵盆地区域的高层建筑(7层及以上)在抗震设防上应当特别注意;依据反演的二维横波速度模型,获得了研究区浅部地壳6 km以深的结构,结果显示宣城—南陵盆地在浅部表现为明显的低速特征,其基底深度可达2 km,并且盆地部分区域呈现相对高速的异常特征,指示在区域多期构造活动中产生的岩浆侵入和逆冲推覆构造作用。此外,区内深部总体表现为高低速异常交替分布的“叠瓦状”构造模式,出现的多处低速异常带推断分别是周王断裂、江南断裂和茅山断裂以及清水河—河湾断裂的构造破碎带,指示了研究区内经历的多期次挤压—拉伸的强烈变形改造.综合上述研究成果,本研究为宣城地区地质构造条件的分析、地震危险性及危害性的评价以及区域找矿勘查等相关工作提供了新的依据.

基于共生理论的“互联网+”企业创新生态系统关系治理模式研究

促进“互联网+”企业创新生态系统可持续发展要求妥善处理好系统中的关系风险。目前“互联网+”企业创新生态系统的相关研究在关系治理、主体互动关系及其可能产生的关系风险和治理机制等方面仍不足。为此,基于共生理论,通过对现有文献的梳理汇总,探讨“互联网+”企业创新生态系统3种关系治理模式的互动方式、关系风险和治理机制,并以小米(小米科技有限责任公司)、抖音、微信小程序等典型案例分析验证。研究发现:偏利共生型关系治理模式下,机构型创新主体为主导者,以效率为导向,实现创新行为的控制,其治理机制为核心企业控治;寄利共享型关系治理模式下,社群型创新主体为主导者,以公平为导向,实现创新关系的扩散,其治理机制为“社群自治+核心企业同治”;互利共赢型关系治理模式下,创新主体间平等合作,以民主为导向,实现创新效能质的提升,其治理机制为社群与核心企业共治。此外,这3种关系治理模式均以技术和创意等资源作为生态系统战略利益的根本来源,并借助其向创新主体表达自己的价值导向。然而,不同的关系特征会引起不同的共生风险,主要包括创新资源投入不平衡、主体利益分配不公平、竞合关系维持不稳定。基于此,要明确“互联网+”企业创新生态系统中主体的角色,核心企业应根据情况选择不同的关系治理范式。

大承气汤加减方神阙穴贴敷联合吐纳法预防老年股骨粗隆间骨折便秘的疗效观察

目的观察大承气汤加减方神阙穴贴敷联合吐纳法预防老年股骨粗隆间骨折便秘的效果。方法选取2021年1月至2023年1月于南昌市洪都中医院住院的90例老年股骨粗隆间骨折患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为常规组、吐纳组、联合组,每组各30例。常规组实施常规护理及按摩干预,吐纳组在常规组的基础上实施吐纳法,联合组在常规组的基础上实施吐纳法+大承气汤加减神阙穴贴敷干预。比较三组的便秘症状、每分钟肠鸣音次数、首次排便时间、大便性状、生活质量。结果三组治疗后的Wexner便秘评分低于治疗前,且治疗后联合组的Wexner便秘评分低于吐纳组、常规组,吐纳组的Wexner便秘评分低于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。联合组每分钟肠鸣音次数多于吐纳组、常规组,首次排便时间短于吐纳组、常规组,且吐纳组每分钟肠鸣音次数多于常规组,首次排便时间短于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。联合组大便正常率高于吐纳组、常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.017)。三组治疗后的心理、生理、环境、社会关系评分高于治疗前,且治疗后联合组的心理、生理、环境、社会关系评分高于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论大承气汤加减方神阙穴贴敷联合吐纳法可改善老年股骨粗隆间骨折患者大便性状及排便状况,缩短首次排便时间,预防便秘的发生。

临床生化检验质量影响因素探讨及预防办法

目的分析影响临床生化检验质量的各项因素,提出预防办法。方法选取2023年1月-6月滨州医学院附属医院检验科临床生化检验质量不合格病例518例,分析影响检验质量的常见原因,并提出预防办法。结果518例不合格病例中,标本质量不合格207例、检验试剂及仪器影响190例、患者自身因素121例。其中,溶血组钾离子、放置时间过长组葡萄糖(GLUC)、输液采血组GLUC、浓度过高组类风湿因子、重度脂浊组甘油三酯、未定标组未饱和铁结合力、试剂更换错误组谷丙转氨酶、波长不稳组谷丙转氨酶、水质污染组二氧化碳与复查组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论现阶段,临床生化检验质量影响因素较多,应制定针对性措施,保证检验标本的质量,严格操作,保养维修仪器,保证试剂合格和正确,全面提升检验人员专业水平,以确保检验结果的准确性和有效性。

“口腔预防医学”课程教学方法的改革与实践

为了解决“口腔预防医学”教学以教师为中心、知识单向灌输、学生主体地位被忽视等问题,文章以培养学生服务大健康的职业素养、健康教育能力、创新能力和自主学习能力为目标,对“口腔预防医学”课程的教学方法和学习效果评价进行系统化研究和设计,构建和实施由相互契合、依次递进的六个步骤组成的“六步混合教学法”,以及与之契合的全过程、多维度评价方式,取得了显著的实践成效。成果充分体现了“以学生为中心”的现代医学教育教学理念,为建立具有一定挑战度、知行用合一、学做思统一的高阶课程提供了有力支撑。

密封电子元器件与装置多余物检测发展综述

密封电子元器件与装置作为航天系统中的重要组成部分,具有高精密性、高可靠性以及高复杂性的典型特点,而多余物问题是严重影响其高可靠性的主要因素之一。随着航天技术的快速发展,多余物检测技术也在不断改进与深入。该文以认识多余物、控制多余物产生以及检测多余物为主线,围绕多余物的防控方法、检测方法、检测标准进行综合论述。着重分析了检测方法中的颗粒碰撞噪声检测(PIND)方法,分别从小型元器件多余物检测、中大型装置多余物检测两个角度,针对现有研究进展逐一进行了详细的介绍。在此基础上,结合现有国内多余物检测研究的现状,针对多余物检测的难点与未来发展趋势进行归纳,并提出了期望与目标。

基于拆除构件法的摩天轮立柱结构抗连续倒塌分析

建于安徽宣城的“宣城之眼”摩天轮采用了全新的立柱结构支撑体系。本文以该摩天轮为研究对象,对其立柱支撑结构采用拆除构件法进行了仿真分析,分别研究了前立柱失效、单根拉索失效、后立柱失效后设备结构振型、变形、强度。分析结果表明在3种失效工况下,所有构件均未发生屈服,该立柱支撑结构体系满足抗连续倒塌的性能要求。

Physical-biological Collaborative Prevention and Control of Facility Strawberry Continuous Cropping Diseases

The aim was to develop green strawberry varieties,control soil-borne diseases from facility strawberry continuous cropping,improve the safety and quality of strawberries and promote the healthy and stable development of the strawberry industry. Based on the production practices in recent years,we summarized the physical-biological collaborative prevention and control technology for the disease of facility strawberry continuous cropping facilities,established the technical goals,the main types of soil-borne diseases,and the physical-biological collaborative control prevention and control technologies,mainly including the specific methods and technical points of solar high temperature disinfection technology and biological bacterial fertilizer（ agent） treatment technology.

四川宝兴张家沟危岩体稳定性及运动学分析

张家沟危岩体在2022年“6•1”芦山地震后被发现,稳定性差,严重威胁下方居民生命财产安全。基于稳定性计算及离散元数值分析方法对危岩体进行评价,选取稳定性最差的地震工况进行运动学分析,在上述研究基础上结合解析解与数值解成果设计相应防护措施。主要结论有:(1)张家沟危岩体结构破碎,顺坡向控制性结构面发育,破坏模式为滑移式;(2)稳定性计算与数值模拟结果皆表明张家沟危岩体在天然、暴雨、地震工况下均会失稳,其中地震工况下运动距离最长;(3)地震工况下危岩体的破坏模式为震裂—滑移式,运动过程中块石以滑移为主,跳高较小,同时坡面形态显著影响着落石运动特征;(4)落石间相互碰撞挤压会改变其运动特征及冲击动能大小,在一定程度上可增加致灾范围。成果可为类似灾害防治提供参考。

基于治未病理论探讨“扶卫气法”预防放射性皮炎

本文提出,体内营卫正气损伤,尤其是放射线引起卫气损耗是放射性皮炎发病的主要原因,临床防治放射性皮炎应以预防为主,保护卫气功能,扶正卫气,以加强护卫肌表、防御外邪之功,提出“扶卫气法”预防放射性皮炎,拟定以大剂量黄芪为君药的预防、减轻或治疗放射性皮炎外用方剂。

基于层次分析法-熵值法的医院感染和预防控制人员岗位胜任力指标体系构建研究

目的构建基于层次分析法-熵值法的医院感染和预防控制(以下简称“感控”)人员岗位胜任力评价指标体系。方法采用文献研究法,检索2013年1月至2023年12月中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、Web of Science核心合集数据库中关于医院感控人员岗位胜任力相关文献,初步构建指标池,包括4个一级指标、15个二级指标和106个三级指标。2024年1月至5月依据研究目的遴选30名不同专业的专家进行两轮德尔菲函询,依据重要性评分和变异系数筛选确定最终指标;采用层次分析法和熵值法主客观结合计算组合权重。结果两轮专家咨询问卷的有效回收率均为100%;专家熟悉程度、判断依据、权威系数分别为0.71、0.84、0.78;两轮专家肯德尔和谐系数为0.197、0.215。最终建立4个一级指标、15个二级指标及64个三级指标的医院感控人员岗位胜任力评价指标体系。一级指标专业能力、综合能力、职业素养和个人特质的权重分别为0.362、0.317、0.124、0.197;二级指标中权重排前5位的指标是感染监测与风险评估能力(0.154)、教育培训能力(0.112)、职业发展(0.101)、沟通表达能力(0.101)和科研能力(0.088)。结论本研究基于层次分析法-熵值法构建的医院感控人员胜任力评价指标体系科学实用,可为感控人员的职业发展及人才建设提供参考。

基于SWOT分析法的高校政府采购社会代理机构端风险防控机制研究

在高校政府采购行为中引入社会代理机构,有助于规范高校政府采购流程,提高采购效率。但由于高校采购需求的特殊性,以及社会代理机构与高校间的多重委托代理关系,极易导致采购过程中出现信息不对等,增加采购过程中寻租和腐败的风险。利用SWOT分析法分析高校与社会代理机构的关系,以约束与规范代理机构行为作为出发点,通过建立准入门槛和动态管理机制,强化采购人主体责任,降低由信息差导致的采购风险,促进社会代理机构间的良性竞争,提高财政资金使用效率。