Unipolar depressive disorder(UDD)affects more than 264 million people worldwide and was projected well before the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic to be the leading cause of disability-adjusted...Unipolar depressive disorder(UDD)affects more than 264 million people worldwide and was projected well before the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic to be the leading cause of disability-adjusted life years lost in 2030.It is imperative for leading economies to implement preventive strategies targeted towards UDD,given consistent policies are currently lacking.Recently established similarities between the aetiological hypotheses of depression and cardiometabolic diseases are shifting paradigms within this field.It is believed that dietary practices could potentially reduce the incidence of depression;similar to their effects on metabolism.Thus,the aim of this review was to compile current evidence on healthy dietary patterns as suitable contributors towards primary prevention strategies against UDD.Most of the well-known biological mechanisms behind depression have been positively associated with healthful diets and dietary patterns to varying degrees.Interestingly,a common factor of UDD is the production and overall effects of inflammatory cytokines,such as interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor-α,and Creactive protein.These compounds have been associated with depressive symptoms,disturbances in neuroendocrine function,leaky gut,monoamine activity and brain function,while also being key factors in the development of cardiometabolic diseases.The Mediterranean diet(MD)in particular,is well supported by first-level evidence regarding its preventive qualities against metabolic and cardiovascular diseases and thus considered a model for healthy eating by various organizations.In one of the few clinical trials investigating these associations,the PREDIMED trial,individuals with diabetes assigned to a MD supplemented with mixed tree nuts experienced a 41%relative risk reduction for developing depression.Lastly,there is a need to include health related quality of life as an indicator of physical and mental well-being,considering its putative associations with depression and suicide risk.Going forward,focusing on clinical trials,using precise nutritional assessments,and identifying nutritional biomarkers which may be related to depression are needed to fully support the implementation of dietary recommendations in the field of psychiatry.展开更多
Crime cases from snatch thefts to murders, are becoming increasingly common in Malaysia according to the database of the Royal Malaysian Police （RMP）, the current overall Crime Index in Malaysia was 147,062 for 2013...Crime cases from snatch thefts to murders, are becoming increasingly common in Malaysia according to the database of the Royal Malaysian Police （RMP）, the current overall Crime Index in Malaysia was 147,062 for 2013 compared with 65,237 in 1977. The database also revealed that the number of property crimes reported in this country has always exceeded the number of violent crimes. Although in 2013, crimes related to property are higher （117,687） than violent crime （29,375）, the gradual increase in the latter does worry Malaysians. Likewise, Malaysian Government had implemented a ＂safe community＂ concept, inspired by the Malaysian Crime Prevention Foundation （MCPF）, a non-government organization, as they were concerned that the threat of violent crime and non-violent crime would eventually reduce the quality of life for many individuals. The concept is very important to the public as it is perceived as improved safety for the public with less crime. This study analyzes the public safety through their perceptions on the effectiveness of the policeman and suggesting few prevention actions against crime. The data were collected using a self-administered survey questionnaire. Specifically, this study focuses on the more developed states in this country. From the cross tabulation analysis, the majority of respondents agreed that the police are effective in controlling crime. Approximately, 72.1% of respondents felt that the police are efficient in controlling crime.展开更多
Background::HIV/AIDS has transformed into a chronic controllable but not yet curable infectious disease as other chronic diseases to some extent.The additional of so called fourth 90%that included the improved health-...Background::HIV/AIDS has transformed into a chronic controllable but not yet curable infectious disease as other chronic diseases to some extent.The additional of so called fourth 90%that included the improved health-related quality of life(HRQoL)for people living with HIV(PLWHIV)required solutions beyond antiretroviral therapy and viral load suppression.This study will explore the role of personality,social economic and prevention strategy effection on HRQoL among people living with HIV/AIDS.Methods::A cross-sectional study was conducted among PLWHIV aged more than 16 years old in the 10 municipalities in Yunnan Province,China from October 2019 to May 2020,enrolling total 1997 participants.Individual-level HRQoL data were measured by 12-item Short Form Health Survey(SF-12)and EuroQol Five Dimensions Questionnaire(EQ-5D-5L).We assembled municipal-level data about social economic from Yunnan Statistical Yearbook in 2020 and strategy practice information from the self-evaluation system.We used the principal component analysis to build the social economic and strategy effect on each area respectively and one-way ANOVA was used to perform univariate analysis to identify the predictors with significant differences.Finally we used multi-level model(MLM)to explore the personality,social economic and strategy effects in health-related quality of life among PLWHIV.Results::The global score for quality of life measured using EQ-5D-5L had an estimated mean score(standard deviation,SD)of 0.901±0.146.The HRQoL score measured using PCS-12 had an estimated mean score(SD)of 46.62±8.55.The mean MCS-12 score(SD)was estimated to be 47.80±9.71.The area-level predictors explained a proportion of 13.6-17.2%for the between-area variation of the HRQoL scores,regardless of the total HRQoL,physical component and mental component.The impacts of stigma(P<0.01),social support(P<0.001),anxiety(P<0.001),depression(P<0.05)and social economic status(P<0.05)on HRQoL at the individual-level were significantly different.The plots visualized the impact of individual-level factors on a respondent’s HRQoL was modified by the area-level characteristics.Conclusions::The study identified the possible strategy determinant of individual HRQoL of PLWHIV and also the area effect on HRQoL.Stigma,social support,anxiety,depression and social economic status were the individual-level determinants on HRQoL.These could be a valuable resource for evaluating the overall health of the areas and help improve local decision making.展开更多
Recently, studies have found that exercise can promote recovery in cancer patients. Based on bibliometric analysis, this paper discusses the trends and hot spots of exercise oncology research in the past 30 years. The...Recently, studies have found that exercise can promote recovery in cancer patients. Based on bibliometric analysis, this paper discusses the trends and hot spots of exercise oncology research in the past 30 years. The Science Citation Index Expanded of the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) was searched to obtain information on publications and records published between 1993 to 2023.VOSviewer and CiteSpace were used to conduct bibliometric and visual analyanalysis on the overall distribution of keywords and highly cited papers, and a total of 1775 articles were retrieved. Harvard University was the institution with the highest number of publications and Fearon ranked first in 2013 with a total of 605 citations.展开更多
Parkinson＇s disease has a negative impact on health-related quality of life in Parkinson＇s disease patients. Depression, cognitive impairment, coping strategies, dyskinesia, gait disorders and complications of dopam...Parkinson＇s disease has a negative impact on health-related quality of life in Parkinson＇s disease patients. Depression, cognitive impairment, coping strategies, dyskinesia, gait disorders and complications of dopaminergic drugs are the variables that most affect health-related quality of life. The ecological model of human development focuses attention on both individual and social environmental factors as targets for health interventions. From this perspective, the aim of this cross-sectional survey was to evaluate the influence of gender, family size and perceived autonomy on health-related quality of life in Parkinson＇s disease patients in nOrtheastern Sicily, Italy. Ninety Parkinson＇s disease patients, attending the Movement Disorders Clinic at IRCCS Centro Neurolesi ＂Bonino-Pulejo＂ （Messina）, were consecutively enrolled. The Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale motor subscale （UPDRS-Ⅲ） scores, the Parkinson Disease Questionnaire-39 Item scores （as a disease-specific measure of health-related quality of life）, scores on the Short Form （36） Health Survey Questionnaire （as a generic measure）, and answers to a brief checklist were recorded. A total of 85 Parkinson＇s disease patients （49% males and 51% females; mean age 70.8 ± 8.6 years mean UPDRS-Ⅲ 24.15 ± 6.55; mean disease duration 5.52 ± 4.65 years） completed the booklet of questionnaires. In the multivariate regression analysis, we included clinical and social variables as independent predictors of health-related quality of life. Our results suggest a potential compounding effect of ecological intrapersonal and interpersonal levels on health-related quality of life outcomes. Gender, self-evaluated autonomy and family size significantly impacted health-related quality of life. If quality of life is used as an indicator of treatment outcomes, an ecological perspective of the case history will be important to disclose relevant prognostic information and trigger personalized health care interventions.展开更多
The screening of colorectal cancer(CRC)is pivotal for both the prevention and treatment of this disease,significantly improving early-stage tumor detection rates.This advancement not only boosts survival rates and qua...The screening of colorectal cancer(CRC)is pivotal for both the prevention and treatment of this disease,significantly improving early-stage tumor detection rates.This advancement not only boosts survival rates and quality of life for patients but also reduces the costs associated with treatment.However,the adoption of CRC screening methods faces numerous challenges,including the technical limitations of both noninvasive and invasive methods in terms of sensitivity and specificity.Moreover,socioeconomic factors such as regional disparities,economic conditions,and varying levels of awareness affect screening uptake.The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic further intensified these challenges,leading to reduced screening participation and increased waiting periods.Additionally,the growing prevalence of early-onset CRC necessitates innovative screening approaches.In response,research into new methodologies,including artificial intelligence-based systems,aims to improve the precision and accessibility of screening.Proactive measures by governments and health organizations to enhance CRC screening efforts are underway,including increased advocacy,improved service delivery,and international cooperation.The role of technological innovation and global health collaboration in advancing CRC screening is undeniable.Technologies such as artificial intelligence and gene sequencing are set to revolutionize CRC screening,making a significant impact on the fight against this disease.Given the rise in early-onset CRC,it is crucial for screening strategies to continually evolve,ensuring their effectiveness and applicability.展开更多
目的:基于治未病理论探讨灸药同治对实体恶性肿瘤化疗患者骨髓抑制的预防作用。方法:选取2019年1月至2022年1月于武汉科技大学附属武汉亚心总医院接受治疗的实体恶性肿瘤化疗患者120例作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组...目的:基于治未病理论探讨灸药同治对实体恶性肿瘤化疗患者骨髓抑制的预防作用。方法:选取2019年1月至2022年1月于武汉科技大学附属武汉亚心总医院接受治疗的实体恶性肿瘤化疗患者120例作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组60例。对照组常规接受化疗,观察组化疗前连续3 d给予灸药同治(艾灸+加味八珍汤)。比较治疗前、化疗后7 d 2组患者中医证候积分、血常规[血红蛋白(Hb)、白细胞计数(WBC)、血小板计数(PLT)、中性粒细胞计数(NEUT)]、生命质量[卡诺夫斯凯计分(KPS)、中国癌症患者生命质量(QOL_(2))调查问卷],比较化疗后7 d 2组患者骨髓抑制情况[发生率、严重程度、重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子(rhG-CSF)使用情况]。结果:化疗后7 d,2组患者中医证候积分升高,但观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);Hb、WBC、PLT、NEUT、KPS评分及QOL_(2)评分降低,但观察组高于对照组(均P<0.05);观察组骨髓抑制发生率、rhG-CSF使用率低于对照组,0、Ⅰ度比例高于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论:基于治未病理论,灸药同治能够改善实体恶性肿瘤化疗患者临床症状及血常规,提高患者生命质量,减少骨髓抑制的发生。展开更多
目的通过Meta分析评价医院-社区-家庭延续护理对慢阻肺患者出院后的康复效果。方法系统检索中国知网、万方、维普、中国生物医学文献数据库、Web of Science、The Cochrane Library、PubMed、CINAHI、EMbase共9个数据库公开发表的医院-...目的通过Meta分析评价医院-社区-家庭延续护理对慢阻肺患者出院后的康复效果。方法系统检索中国知网、万方、维普、中国生物医学文献数据库、Web of Science、The Cochrane Library、PubMed、CINAHI、EMbase共9个数据库公开发表的医院-社区-家庭延续护理模式对慢阻肺出院患者肺康复影响的随机对照研究,检索时间为建库至2023年12月31日,采用RevMan5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果纳入23篇文献,Meta分析结果显示:与医院主导的常规延续性护理相比,医院-社区-家庭延续护理模式能较好改善患者肺功能及呼吸困难症状,第1秒用力呼吸量(FEV1)[MD=0.51,95%CI(0.32,0.71),P<0.01]、第1秒用力呼吸量占预计值百分比(FEV1%)[MD=4.52,95%CI(3.13,5.19),P<0.01]、第1秒用力呼吸量与用力肺活量的比值(FEV1/FVC)[MD=8.34,95%CI(5.39,11.30),P<0.01]、改良版呼吸困难量表(mMRC)得分[MD=-0.39,95%CI(-0.52,-0.26),P<0.01];有效提高患者运动耐量[MD=45.23,95%CI(22.33,68.12),P<0.01];显著提高患者生存质量[MD=-4.48,95%CI(-5.46,-3.50),P<0.01]及降低再入院率[MD=0.28,95%CI(0.19,0.43),P<0.01]。结论医院-社区-家庭延续护理模式能有效改善慢阻肺出院患者肺功能和呼吸困难症状,提高患者运动耐量和生存质量,降低再住院率。展开更多
文摘Unipolar depressive disorder(UDD)affects more than 264 million people worldwide and was projected well before the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic to be the leading cause of disability-adjusted life years lost in 2030.It is imperative for leading economies to implement preventive strategies targeted towards UDD,given consistent policies are currently lacking.Recently established similarities between the aetiological hypotheses of depression and cardiometabolic diseases are shifting paradigms within this field.It is believed that dietary practices could potentially reduce the incidence of depression;similar to their effects on metabolism.Thus,the aim of this review was to compile current evidence on healthy dietary patterns as suitable contributors towards primary prevention strategies against UDD.Most of the well-known biological mechanisms behind depression have been positively associated with healthful diets and dietary patterns to varying degrees.Interestingly,a common factor of UDD is the production and overall effects of inflammatory cytokines,such as interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor-α,and Creactive protein.These compounds have been associated with depressive symptoms,disturbances in neuroendocrine function,leaky gut,monoamine activity and brain function,while also being key factors in the development of cardiometabolic diseases.The Mediterranean diet(MD)in particular,is well supported by first-level evidence regarding its preventive qualities against metabolic and cardiovascular diseases and thus considered a model for healthy eating by various organizations.In one of the few clinical trials investigating these associations,the PREDIMED trial,individuals with diabetes assigned to a MD supplemented with mixed tree nuts experienced a 41%relative risk reduction for developing depression.Lastly,there is a need to include health related quality of life as an indicator of physical and mental well-being,considering its putative associations with depression and suicide risk.Going forward,focusing on clinical trials,using precise nutritional assessments,and identifying nutritional biomarkers which may be related to depression are needed to fully support the implementation of dietary recommendations in the field of psychiatry.
文摘Crime cases from snatch thefts to murders, are becoming increasingly common in Malaysia according to the database of the Royal Malaysian Police （RMP）, the current overall Crime Index in Malaysia was 147,062 for 2013 compared with 65,237 in 1977. The database also revealed that the number of property crimes reported in this country has always exceeded the number of violent crimes. Although in 2013, crimes related to property are higher （117,687） than violent crime （29,375）, the gradual increase in the latter does worry Malaysians. Likewise, Malaysian Government had implemented a ＂safe community＂ concept, inspired by the Malaysian Crime Prevention Foundation （MCPF）, a non-government organization, as they were concerned that the threat of violent crime and non-violent crime would eventually reduce the quality of life for many individuals. The concept is very important to the public as it is perceived as improved safety for the public with less crime. This study analyzes the public safety through their perceptions on the effectiveness of the policeman and suggesting few prevention actions against crime. The data were collected using a self-administered survey questionnaire. Specifically, this study focuses on the more developed states in this country. From the cross tabulation analysis, the majority of respondents agreed that the police are effective in controlling crime. Approximately, 72.1% of respondents felt that the police are efficient in controlling crime.
基金Our study was supported by National Nature Science Foundation of China(No.71904166)Yunnan high-level medical cultivation programme(No.H-2018103)13th Five-year National S&T Major Project for Comprehensive Pilots(No.2018ZX10715006).
文摘Background::HIV/AIDS has transformed into a chronic controllable but not yet curable infectious disease as other chronic diseases to some extent.The additional of so called fourth 90%that included the improved health-related quality of life(HRQoL)for people living with HIV(PLWHIV)required solutions beyond antiretroviral therapy and viral load suppression.This study will explore the role of personality,social economic and prevention strategy effection on HRQoL among people living with HIV/AIDS.Methods::A cross-sectional study was conducted among PLWHIV aged more than 16 years old in the 10 municipalities in Yunnan Province,China from October 2019 to May 2020,enrolling total 1997 participants.Individual-level HRQoL data were measured by 12-item Short Form Health Survey(SF-12)and EuroQol Five Dimensions Questionnaire(EQ-5D-5L).We assembled municipal-level data about social economic from Yunnan Statistical Yearbook in 2020 and strategy practice information from the self-evaluation system.We used the principal component analysis to build the social economic and strategy effect on each area respectively and one-way ANOVA was used to perform univariate analysis to identify the predictors with significant differences.Finally we used multi-level model(MLM)to explore the personality,social economic and strategy effects in health-related quality of life among PLWHIV.Results::The global score for quality of life measured using EQ-5D-5L had an estimated mean score(standard deviation,SD)of 0.901±0.146.The HRQoL score measured using PCS-12 had an estimated mean score(SD)of 46.62±8.55.The mean MCS-12 score(SD)was estimated to be 47.80±9.71.The area-level predictors explained a proportion of 13.6-17.2%for the between-area variation of the HRQoL scores,regardless of the total HRQoL,physical component and mental component.The impacts of stigma(P<0.01),social support(P<0.001),anxiety(P<0.001),depression(P<0.05)and social economic status(P<0.05)on HRQoL at the individual-level were significantly different.The plots visualized the impact of individual-level factors on a respondent’s HRQoL was modified by the area-level characteristics.Conclusions::The study identified the possible strategy determinant of individual HRQoL of PLWHIV and also the area effect on HRQoL.Stigma,social support,anxiety,depression and social economic status were the individual-level determinants on HRQoL.These could be a valuable resource for evaluating the overall health of the areas and help improve local decision making.
文摘Recently, studies have found that exercise can promote recovery in cancer patients. Based on bibliometric analysis, this paper discusses the trends and hot spots of exercise oncology research in the past 30 years. The Science Citation Index Expanded of the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) was searched to obtain information on publications and records published between 1993 to 2023.VOSviewer and CiteSpace were used to conduct bibliometric and visual analyanalysis on the overall distribution of keywords and highly cited papers, and a total of 1775 articles were retrieved. Harvard University was the institution with the highest number of publications and Fearon ranked first in 2013 with a total of 605 citations.
基金supported by a grant from the Ministry of Health (Research for the Strategic Program 2007)
文摘Parkinson＇s disease has a negative impact on health-related quality of life in Parkinson＇s disease patients. Depression, cognitive impairment, coping strategies, dyskinesia, gait disorders and complications of dopaminergic drugs are the variables that most affect health-related quality of life. The ecological model of human development focuses attention on both individual and social environmental factors as targets for health interventions. From this perspective, the aim of this cross-sectional survey was to evaluate the influence of gender, family size and perceived autonomy on health-related quality of life in Parkinson＇s disease patients in nOrtheastern Sicily, Italy. Ninety Parkinson＇s disease patients, attending the Movement Disorders Clinic at IRCCS Centro Neurolesi ＂Bonino-Pulejo＂ （Messina）, were consecutively enrolled. The Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale motor subscale （UPDRS-Ⅲ） scores, the Parkinson Disease Questionnaire-39 Item scores （as a disease-specific measure of health-related quality of life）, scores on the Short Form （36） Health Survey Questionnaire （as a generic measure）, and answers to a brief checklist were recorded. A total of 85 Parkinson＇s disease patients （49% males and 51% females; mean age 70.8 ± 8.6 years mean UPDRS-Ⅲ 24.15 ± 6.55; mean disease duration 5.52 ± 4.65 years） completed the booklet of questionnaires. In the multivariate regression analysis, we included clinical and social variables as independent predictors of health-related quality of life. Our results suggest a potential compounding effect of ecological intrapersonal and interpersonal levels on health-related quality of life outcomes. Gender, self-evaluated autonomy and family size significantly impacted health-related quality of life. If quality of life is used as an indicator of treatment outcomes, an ecological perspective of the case history will be important to disclose relevant prognostic information and trigger personalized health care interventions.
文摘The screening of colorectal cancer(CRC)is pivotal for both the prevention and treatment of this disease,significantly improving early-stage tumor detection rates.This advancement not only boosts survival rates and quality of life for patients but also reduces the costs associated with treatment.However,the adoption of CRC screening methods faces numerous challenges,including the technical limitations of both noninvasive and invasive methods in terms of sensitivity and specificity.Moreover,socioeconomic factors such as regional disparities,economic conditions,and varying levels of awareness affect screening uptake.The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic further intensified these challenges,leading to reduced screening participation and increased waiting periods.Additionally,the growing prevalence of early-onset CRC necessitates innovative screening approaches.In response,research into new methodologies,including artificial intelligence-based systems,aims to improve the precision and accessibility of screening.Proactive measures by governments and health organizations to enhance CRC screening efforts are underway,including increased advocacy,improved service delivery,and international cooperation.The role of technological innovation and global health collaboration in advancing CRC screening is undeniable.Technologies such as artificial intelligence and gene sequencing are set to revolutionize CRC screening,making a significant impact on the fight against this disease.Given the rise in early-onset CRC,it is crucial for screening strategies to continually evolve,ensuring their effectiveness and applicability.
文摘目的:基于治未病理论探讨灸药同治对实体恶性肿瘤化疗患者骨髓抑制的预防作用。方法:选取2019年1月至2022年1月于武汉科技大学附属武汉亚心总医院接受治疗的实体恶性肿瘤化疗患者120例作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组60例。对照组常规接受化疗,观察组化疗前连续3 d给予灸药同治(艾灸+加味八珍汤)。比较治疗前、化疗后7 d 2组患者中医证候积分、血常规[血红蛋白(Hb)、白细胞计数(WBC)、血小板计数(PLT)、中性粒细胞计数(NEUT)]、生命质量[卡诺夫斯凯计分(KPS)、中国癌症患者生命质量(QOL_(2))调查问卷],比较化疗后7 d 2组患者骨髓抑制情况[发生率、严重程度、重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子(rhG-CSF)使用情况]。结果:化疗后7 d,2组患者中医证候积分升高,但观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);Hb、WBC、PLT、NEUT、KPS评分及QOL_(2)评分降低,但观察组高于对照组(均P<0.05);观察组骨髓抑制发生率、rhG-CSF使用率低于对照组,0、Ⅰ度比例高于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论:基于治未病理论,灸药同治能够改善实体恶性肿瘤化疗患者临床症状及血常规,提高患者生命质量,减少骨髓抑制的发生。
文摘目的通过Meta分析评价医院-社区-家庭延续护理对慢阻肺患者出院后的康复效果。方法系统检索中国知网、万方、维普、中国生物医学文献数据库、Web of Science、The Cochrane Library、PubMed、CINAHI、EMbase共9个数据库公开发表的医院-社区-家庭延续护理模式对慢阻肺出院患者肺康复影响的随机对照研究,检索时间为建库至2023年12月31日,采用RevMan5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果纳入23篇文献,Meta分析结果显示:与医院主导的常规延续性护理相比,医院-社区-家庭延续护理模式能较好改善患者肺功能及呼吸困难症状,第1秒用力呼吸量(FEV1)[MD=0.51,95%CI(0.32,0.71),P<0.01]、第1秒用力呼吸量占预计值百分比(FEV1%)[MD=4.52,95%CI(3.13,5.19),P<0.01]、第1秒用力呼吸量与用力肺活量的比值(FEV1/FVC)[MD=8.34,95%CI(5.39,11.30),P<0.01]、改良版呼吸困难量表(mMRC)得分[MD=-0.39,95%CI(-0.52,-0.26),P<0.01];有效提高患者运动耐量[MD=45.23,95%CI(22.33,68.12),P<0.01];显著提高患者生存质量[MD=-4.48,95%CI(-5.46,-3.50),P<0.01]及降低再入院率[MD=0.28,95%CI(0.19,0.43),P<0.01]。结论医院-社区-家庭延续护理模式能有效改善慢阻肺出院患者肺功能和呼吸困难症状,提高患者运动耐量和生存质量,降低再住院率。
