MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are short endogenous non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level in a broad range of eukaryotic species.In animals,it is estimated that more than 60%of mammalian gen...MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are short endogenous non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level in a broad range of eukaryotic species.In animals,it is estimated that more than 60%of mammalian genes are targets of miRNAs,with miRNAs regulating cellular processes such as differentiation and proliferation.In plants,miRNAs regulate gene expression and play essential roles in diverse biological processes,including growth,development,and stress responses.Arabidopsis mutants with defective miRNA biogenesis are embryo lethal,and abnormal expression of miRNAs can cause severe developmental phenotypes.It is therefore crucial that the homeostasis of miRNAs is tightly regulated.In this review,we summarize the key mechanisms of plant miRNA biogenesis and stabilization.We provide an update on nuclear proteins with functions in miRNA biogenesis and proteins linking miRNA biogenesis to environmental triggers.展开更多
Small open reading frames(sORFs) are distributed over a wide variety of transcripts. sORFs encoding functional peptides have been identified in various configurations within apparently long noncoding RNAs. Many transl...Small open reading frames(sORFs) are distributed over a wide variety of transcripts. sORFs encoding functional peptides have been identified in various configurations within apparently long noncoding RNAs. Many translated sORFs have been identified across mRNAs, including 5’-upstream, coding domain, and 3’-downstream. sORFs have also been found in circular RNAs, pri-miRNAs, and ribosomal RNAs. Here, we present an overview of the wide distribution of the sORFs in transcripts and their functional roles in organisms.展开更多
目的观察柯萨奇病毒B3(CVB3)病毒性心肌炎(VMC)小鼠心肌组织微小RNA1初始体(pri-miRNA-1)和连接蛋白43(Cx43)的表达变化,探讨VMC室性心律失常的发生机制。方法4周龄雄性Balb/c小鼠70只随机分为VMC组40只(14d和28d2个亚组各20只)和对照...目的观察柯萨奇病毒B3(CVB3)病毒性心肌炎(VMC)小鼠心肌组织微小RNA1初始体(pri-miRNA-1)和连接蛋白43(Cx43)的表达变化,探讨VMC室性心律失常的发生机制。方法4周龄雄性Balb/c小鼠70只随机分为VMC组40只(14d和28d2个亚组各20只)和对照组30只(14d和28d2个亚组各15只)。VMC组腹腔注射CVB3 Nancy株悬液0.1mL,对照组腹腔注射不含病毒的RPMI1640培养基0.1mL。2组小鼠分别在接种第14、28天无痛苦处死,取心室肌,采用反转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测其心室肌组织pri-miRNA-1、dicer1 mRNA的表达,免疫组织化学法检测其Cx43的表达。结果1.VMC组14d和28d小鼠心室肌组织pri-miRNA-1表达水平均显著高于对照组(0.82±0.04 vs 0.64±0.01,0.79±0.03 vs 0.62±0.01 Pa<0.01);2.VMC组14d和28d小鼠心室肌组织dicer1 mRNA表达水平均显著高于对照组(0.91±0.03 vs 0.72±0.02,0.87±0.02 vs 0.71±0.02 Pa<0.01);3.VMC组小鼠心室肌组织炎性病灶中变性、坏死周围心肌细胞Cx43表达明显减弱,甚至阴性,分布不规则,VMC组14d和28d亚组Cx43蛋白表达均显著低于对照组(0.27±0.01vs0.42±0.02,0.22±0.02 vs 0.44±0.02 Pa<0.01);4.VMC组小鼠心室肌组织pri-miRNA-1表达水平与Cx43蛋白水平呈显著负相关(r=-0.798 P<0.01),与dicer1 mRNA表达水平呈显著正相关(r=0.828 P<0.01)。结论VMC小鼠心肌组织pri-miRNA-1和dicer1参与了CVB3的发生机制,dicer1表达升高可能通过促进miRNA-1生成、抑制Cx43的表达促进室性心律失常的发生。展开更多
基金Research in the Chen laboratory on small RNAs and RNA modifications is supported by grants from National Institutes of Health(R01GM061146 and R01GM129373).
文摘MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are short endogenous non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level in a broad range of eukaryotic species.In animals,it is estimated that more than 60%of mammalian genes are targets of miRNAs,with miRNAs regulating cellular processes such as differentiation and proliferation.In plants,miRNAs regulate gene expression and play essential roles in diverse biological processes,including growth,development,and stress responses.Arabidopsis mutants with defective miRNA biogenesis are embryo lethal,and abnormal expression of miRNAs can cause severe developmental phenotypes.It is therefore crucial that the homeostasis of miRNAs is tightly regulated.In this review,we summarize the key mechanisms of plant miRNA biogenesis and stabilization.We provide an update on nuclear proteins with functions in miRNA biogenesis and proteins linking miRNA biogenesis to environmental triggers.
基金supported by the Project Program of State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines(No. SKLNMBZ201403)the National Science and Technology Major Projects of New Drugs (Nos.2012ZX09103301-004 and 2014ZX09508007) in ChinaThis project was also funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD)
文摘Small open reading frames(sORFs) are distributed over a wide variety of transcripts. sORFs encoding functional peptides have been identified in various configurations within apparently long noncoding RNAs. Many translated sORFs have been identified across mRNAs, including 5’-upstream, coding domain, and 3’-downstream. sORFs have also been found in circular RNAs, pri-miRNAs, and ribosomal RNAs. Here, we present an overview of the wide distribution of the sORFs in transcripts and their functional roles in organisms.
文摘目的观察柯萨奇病毒B3(CVB3)病毒性心肌炎(VMC)小鼠心肌组织微小RNA1初始体(pri-miRNA-1)和连接蛋白43(Cx43)的表达变化,探讨VMC室性心律失常的发生机制。方法4周龄雄性Balb/c小鼠70只随机分为VMC组40只(14d和28d2个亚组各20只)和对照组30只(14d和28d2个亚组各15只)。VMC组腹腔注射CVB3 Nancy株悬液0.1mL,对照组腹腔注射不含病毒的RPMI1640培养基0.1mL。2组小鼠分别在接种第14、28天无痛苦处死,取心室肌,采用反转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测其心室肌组织pri-miRNA-1、dicer1 mRNA的表达,免疫组织化学法检测其Cx43的表达。结果1.VMC组14d和28d小鼠心室肌组织pri-miRNA-1表达水平均显著高于对照组(0.82±0.04 vs 0.64±0.01,0.79±0.03 vs 0.62±0.01 Pa<0.01);2.VMC组14d和28d小鼠心室肌组织dicer1 mRNA表达水平均显著高于对照组(0.91±0.03 vs 0.72±0.02,0.87±0.02 vs 0.71±0.02 Pa<0.01);3.VMC组小鼠心室肌组织炎性病灶中变性、坏死周围心肌细胞Cx43表达明显减弱,甚至阴性,分布不规则,VMC组14d和28d亚组Cx43蛋白表达均显著低于对照组(0.27±0.01vs0.42±0.02,0.22±0.02 vs 0.44±0.02 Pa<0.01);4.VMC组小鼠心室肌组织pri-miRNA-1表达水平与Cx43蛋白水平呈显著负相关(r=-0.798 P<0.01),与dicer1 mRNA表达水平呈显著正相关(r=0.828 P<0.01)。结论VMC小鼠心肌组织pri-miRNA-1和dicer1参与了CVB3的发生机制,dicer1表达升高可能通过促进miRNA-1生成、抑制Cx43的表达促进室性心律失常的发生。
