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Regulation of specific abnormal calcium signals in the hippocampal CA1 and primary cortex M1 alleviates the progression of temporal lobe epilepsy
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作者 Feng Chen Xi Dong +11 位作者 Zhenhuan Wang Tongrui Wu Liangpeng Wei Yuanyuan Li Kai Zhang Zengguang Ma Chao Tian Jing Li Jingyu Zhao Wei Zhang Aili Liu Hui Shen 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第2期425-433,共9页
Temporal lobe epilepsy is a multifactorial neurological dysfunction syndrome that is refractory,resistant to antiepileptic drugs,and has a high recurrence rate.The pathogenesis of temporal lobe epilepsy is complex and... Temporal lobe epilepsy is a multifactorial neurological dysfunction syndrome that is refractory,resistant to antiepileptic drugs,and has a high recurrence rate.The pathogenesis of temporal lobe epilepsy is complex and is not fully understood.Intracellular calcium dynamics have been implicated in temporal lobe epilepsy.However,the effect of fluctuating calcium activity in CA1 pyramidal neurons on temporal lobe epilepsy is unknown,and no longitudinal studies have investigated calcium activity in pyramidal neurons in the hippocampal CA1 and primary motor cortex M1 of freely moving mice.In this study,we used a multichannel fiber photometry system to continuously record calcium signals in CA1 and M1 during the temporal lobe epilepsy process.We found that calcium signals varied according to the grade of temporal lobe epilepsy episodes.In particular,cortical spreading depression,which has recently been frequently used to represent the continuously and substantially increased calcium signals,was found to correspond to complex and severe behavioral characteristics of temporal lobe epilepsy ranging from gradeⅡto gradeⅤ.However,vigorous calcium oscillations and highly synchronized calcium signals in CA1 and M1 were strongly related to convulsive motor seizures.Chemogenetic inhibition of pyramidal neurons in CA1 significantly attenuated the amplitudes of the calcium signals corresponding to gradeⅠepisodes.In addition,the latency of cortical spreading depression was prolonged,and the above-mentioned abnormal calcium signals in CA1 and M1 were also significantly reduced.Intriguingly,it was possible to rescue the altered intracellular calcium dynamics.Via simultaneous analysis of calcium signals and epileptic behaviors,we found that the progression of temporal lobe epilepsy was alleviated when specific calcium signals were reduced,and that the end-point behaviors of temporal lobe epilepsy were improved.Our results indicate that the calcium dynamic between CA1 and M1 may reflect specific epileptic behaviors corresponding to different grades.Furthermore,the selective regulation of abnormal calcium signals in CA1 pyramidal neurons appears to effectively alleviate temporal lobe epilepsy,thereby providing a potential molecular mechanism for a new temporal lobe epilepsy diagnosis and treatment strategy. 展开更多
关键词 CA^(2+) calcium signals chemogenetic methods HIPPOCAMPUS primary motor cortex pyramidal neurons temporal lobe epilepsy
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Morphological disruption and visual tuning alterations in the primary visual cortex in glaucoma(DBA/2J)mice 被引量:1
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作者 Yin Yang Zhaoxi Yang +9 位作者 Maoxia Lv Ang Jia Junjun Li Baitao Liao Jing’an Chen Zhengzheng Wu Yi Shi Yang Xia Dezhong Yao Ke Chen 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第1期220-225,共6页
Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreve rsible blindness wo rldwide,and previous studies have shown that,in addition to affecting the eyes,it also causes abnormalities in the brain.However,it is not yet clear how the pr... Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreve rsible blindness wo rldwide,and previous studies have shown that,in addition to affecting the eyes,it also causes abnormalities in the brain.However,it is not yet clear how the primary visual cortex(V1)is altered in glaucoma.This study used DBA/2J mice as a model for spontaneous secondary glaucoma.The aim of the study was to compare the electrophysiological and histomorphological chara cteristics of neurons in the V1between 9-month-old DBA/2J mice and age-matched C57BL/6J mice.We conducted single-unit recordings in the V1 of light-anesthetized mice to measure the visually induced responses,including single-unit spiking and gamma band oscillations.The morphology of layerⅡ/Ⅲneurons was determined by neuronal nuclear antigen staining and Nissl staining of brain tissue sections.Eighty-seven neurons from eight DBA/2J mice and eighty-one neurons from eight C57BL/6J mice were examined.Compared with the C57BL/6J group,V1 neurons in the DBA/2J group exhibited weaker visual tuning and impaired spatial summation.Moreove r,fewer neuro ns were observed in the V1 of DBA/2J mice compared with C57BL/6J mice.These findings suggest that DBA/2J mice have fewer neurons in the VI compared with C57BL/6J mice,and that these neurons have impaired visual tuning.Our findings provide a better understanding of the pathological changes that occur in V1 neuron function and morphology in the DBA/2J mouse model.This study might offer some innovative perspectives regarding the treatment of glaucoma. 展开更多
关键词 DBA/2J DEGENERATION gamma band oscillations GLAUCOMA primary visual cortex(V1) RETINA single-unit recording tuning curve
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Age-related Changes of Glu/GABA Expression in the Primary Visual Cortex of Cat 被引量:4
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作者 刁建刚 徐金旺 +2 位作者 李古州 汤传宏 华田苗 《Zoological Research》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2009年第1期38-44,共7页
Recent studies show that a reduced effect of inhibitory transmitter system in the visual cortex may underlie aged visual function degradation. Whether excitatory transmitter system changes with age and hence affects i... Recent studies show that a reduced effect of inhibitory transmitter system in the visual cortex may underlie aged visual function degradation. Whether excitatory transmitter system changes with age and hence affects intracortical excitation-inhibition balance is not clear. To explore this issue, we used Nissl staining and immunohistochemical methods as well as Image-Pro Express software to examine the density of Nissl-stained neurons, Glutamie acid-immunoreactive (Glu-IR) neurons and T-Aminobutyric acid-immunoreactive (GABA-IR) neurons in the primary visual cortex of young adult and aged cats. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the density of Nissl-stained neurons between young and old cats (2〉0.05). However, the density of Glu-IR neurons and GABA-IR neurons in the primary visual cortex of aged cats was significantly lower than that of young ones (P〈0.01). The ratio between Glu-IR neurons and GABA-IR neurons was significantly increased in old cats compared to that in young adult ones (P〈0.01). These results indicated that the effect of excitatory transmitter system in the old visual cortex was increased relative to the inhibitory transmitter system, which might cause an imbalance between cortical excitation and inhibition and might be an important factor mediating the visual function decline during aging. 展开更多
关键词 Glutamic acid (Glu) γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) Balance of excitation and inhibition Aging primary visual cortex CAT
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Altered intrinsic functional connectivity of the primary visual cortex in youth patients with comitant exotropia: a resting state fMRI study 被引量:13
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作者 Pei-Wen Zhu Xin Huang +5 位作者 Lei Ye Nan Jiang Yu-Lin Zhong Qing Yuan Fu-Qing Zhou Yi Shao 《International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)》 SCIE CAS 2018年第4期668-673,共6页
AIM: To evaluate the differences in the functional connectivity(FC) of the primary visual cortex(V1) between the youth comitant exotropia(CE) patients and health subjects using resting functional magnetic reson... AIM: To evaluate the differences in the functional connectivity(FC) of the primary visual cortex(V1) between the youth comitant exotropia(CE) patients and health subjects using resting functional magnetic resonance imaging(f MRI) data.METHODS: Totally, 32 CEs(25 males and 7 females) and 32 healthy control subjects(HCs)(25 males and 7 females) were enrolled in the study and underwent the MRI scanning. Two-sample t-test was used to examine differences in FC maps between the CE patients and HCs. RESULTS: The CE patients showed significantly less FC between the left brodmann area(BA17) and left lingual gyrus/cerebellum posterior lobe, right middle occipital gyrus, left precentral gyrus/postcentral gyrus and right inferior parietal lobule/postcentral gyrus. Meanwhile, CE patients showed significantly less FC between right BA17 and right middle occipital gyrus(BA19, 37).CONCLUSION: Our findings show that CE involves abnormal FC in primary visual cortex in many regions, which may underlie the pathologic mechanism of impaired fusion and stereoscopic vision in CEs. 展开更多
关键词 comitant exotropia functional connectivity primary visual cortex spontaneous activity
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Decoding brain responses to pixelized images in the primary visual cortex: implications for visual cortical prostheses 被引量:4
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作者 Bing-bing Guo Xiao-lin Zheng +4 位作者 Zhen-gang Lu Xing Wang Zheng-qin Yin Wen-sheng Hou Ming Meng 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2015年第10期1622-1627,共6页
Visual cortical prostheses have the potential to restore partial vision. Still limited by the low-resolution visual percepts provided by visual cortical prostheses, implant wearers can currently only "see" pixelized... Visual cortical prostheses have the potential to restore partial vision. Still limited by the low-resolution visual percepts provided by visual cortical prostheses, implant wearers can currently only "see" pixelized images, and how to obtain the specific brain responses to different pixelized images in the primary visual cortex(the implant area) is still unknown. We conducted a functional magnetic resonance imaging experiment on normal human participants to investigate the brain activation patterns in response to 18 different pixelized images. There were 100 voxels in the brain activation pattern that were selected from the primary visual cortex, and voxel size was 4 mm × 4 mm × 4 mm. Multi-voxel pattern analysis was used to test if these 18 different brain activation patterns were specific. We chose a Linear Support Vector Machine(LSVM) as the classifier in this study. The results showed that the classification accuracies of different brain activation patterns were significantly above chance level, which suggests that the classifier can successfully distinguish the brain activation patterns. Our results suggest that the specific brain activation patterns to different pixelized images can be obtained in the primary visual cortex using a 4 mm × 4 mm × 4 mm voxel size and a 100-voxel pattern. 展开更多
关键词 nerve regeneration primary visual cortex electrical stimulation visual cortical prosthesis low resolution vision pixelized image functional magnetic resonance imaging voxel size neural regeneration brain activation pattern
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Correlation between primary motor cortex neural activity and fingertip force following transcranial magnetic stimulation
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作者 Xiaoying Wu Wensheng Hou +3 位作者 Xiaolin Zheng Yingtao Jiang Jun Zheng Yan He 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2010年第24期1905-1909,共5页
A better understanding of the neural mechanisms of finger-force regulation can help to explain the relationship between the central nervous system and nerve-muscle force, as well as assist in motor functional rehabili... A better understanding of the neural mechanisms of finger-force regulation can help to explain the relationship between the central nervous system and nerve-muscle force, as well as assist in motor functional rehabilitation and the development robot hand designs. In the present study, 11 healthy volunteers performed a different target force-tracking task, which involved the index finger alone, index and middle finger together, and the combination of four fingers (i.e., index, middle, ring, and little). The target force trace corresponded to 3 levels of 20% maximal voluntary changes (MVC), 30% MVC, and 40% MVC in 20 seconds. In the test, an unexpected single 120% motor threshold transcranial magnetic stimulation was applied to the primary motor cortex (M1) during force tracking. Results revealed that peak force changes increased with increasing background force and the number of involved task fingers. These results demonstrate that M1 neural activities correlate with finger-force production, and M1 plays a role in finger-force control. Moreover, different neuronal networks were required for different finger patterns; a complicated task required multi-finger combinations and a complicated neuronal network comprised a large number of neurons. 展开更多
关键词 transcranial magnetic stimulation FINGER motor control neural activities primary motor cortex background force
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AB072.Functional impact of the lateral posterior nucleus on the mouse primary visual cortex
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作者 Umit Keysan Christian Casanova 《Annals of Eye Science》 2018年第1期478-478,共1页
Background:Information about the visual world is processed by an ensemble of cortical visual areas,which follow a hierarchical organization.The primary visual cortex(V1)first receives most of this information through ... Background:Information about the visual world is processed by an ensemble of cortical visual areas,which follow a hierarchical organization.The primary visual cortex(V1)first receives most of this information through the lateral geniculate nucleus(LGN),before being conveyed to higher-order cortical areas.Aside from this connectional route,there is also a complex network of bilateral connections between areas of the visual cortex and the pulvinar,considered as the largest extrageniculate visual thalamic nucleus.Despite an increasing number of studies on pulvinar,the exact function of this thalamic complex remains unknown.In this study,we investigated the functional impact of the lateral posterior(LP)nucleus,the homologue of the primate pulvinar,on the activity of neurons in the primary visual cortex in mice using optogenetic stimulation.Methods:A channel rhodopsin-2 gene-carrying viral vector(AAV5.CaMKII.hChR2-eYFP.WPRE)was injected into the LP of wild-type(C57BL/6)mice.Extracellular recordings of the activity of V1 neurons were carried out using 16-and 32-channel silicon probes.The stimulation of LP was achieved with light pulses(470 nm,20 pulse trains of 5 ms each at 10 Hz)delivered by a 4-channel optrode,which also recorded the thalamic activity.Visual stimuli consisted on drifting sinewave gratings of varying parameters(direction,contrast,spatial or temporal frequency and size).Results:Our preliminary data shows that LP stimulation performed in conjunction with the visual stimulation decreases the amplitude of neuronal responses up to 50%.To date,results indicate that this inhibitory effect is only observed in neurons in the infragranular layers.The response profiles of V1 neurons to size-increasing stimuli were also affected.Conclusions:These findings suggest that the pulvinar nucleus can exert layer-dependent contextual modulation on the activity of neurons in the mouse primary visual cortex. 展开更多
关键词 MOUSE ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY PULVINAR primary visual cortex
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AB009.Learning dynamics in a neural network model of the primary visual cortex
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作者 Hugo Ladret Laurent Perrinet 《Annals of Eye Science》 2019年第1期184-184,共1页
Background:The primary visual cortex(V1)is a key component of the visual system that builds some of the first levels of coherent visual representations from sparse visual inputs.While the study of its dynamics has bee... Background:The primary visual cortex(V1)is a key component of the visual system that builds some of the first levels of coherent visual representations from sparse visual inputs.While the study of its dynamics has been the focus of many computational models for the past years,there is still relatively few research works that put an emphasis on both synaptic plasticity in V1 and biorealism in the context of learning visual inputs.Here,we present a recurrent spiking neural network that is capable of spike timing dependent plasticity(STDP)and we demonstrate its capacity to discriminate spatio-temporal orientation patterns in noisy natural images.Methods:A two stage model was developed.First,natural images flux(be it videos/gratings/camera)were converted into spikes,using a difference of gaussians(DOG)approach.This transformation approximates the retina-lateral geniculate nucleus(LGN)organization.Secondly,a spiking neural network was build using PyNN simulator,mimicking cortical neurons dynamics and plasticity,as well as V1 topology.This network was then fed with spikes generated by the first model and its ability to build visual representations was assessed using control gratings inputs.Results:The neural network exhibited several interesting properties.After a short period of learning,it was capable of learning multiples orientations and reducing noise in such learned feature,compared to the inputs.These learned features were stable even after increasing the noise in inputs and were found to not only encoding the spatial properties of the input,but also its temporal aspects(i.e.,the time of each grating presentation Conclusions:Our work shows that topological structuring of the cortical neural networks,combined with simple plasticity rules,are sufficient to drive strong learning dynamics of natural images properties.This computational model fits many properties found in the literature and provides some theoritical explanations for the shape of tuning curve of certain layers of V1.Further investigations are now conducted to validate its properties against the neuronal responses of rodents,using identical visual stimuli. 展开更多
关键词 Neural networks primary visual cortex(V1) COMPUTATION
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In vivo imaging reveals a synchronized correlation among neurotransmitter dynamics during propofol and sevoflurane anesthesia 被引量:1
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作者 Gao-Lin Qiu Li-Jun Peng +6 位作者 Peng Wang Zhi-Lai Yang Ji-Qian Zhang Hu Liu Xiao-Na Zhu Jin Rao Xue-Sheng Liu 《Zoological Research》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第3期679-690,共12页
General anesthesia is widely applied in clinical practice.However,the precise mechanism of loss of consciousness induced by general anesthetics remains unknown.Here,we measured the dynamics of five neurotransmitters,i... General anesthesia is widely applied in clinical practice.However,the precise mechanism of loss of consciousness induced by general anesthetics remains unknown.Here,we measured the dynamics of five neurotransmitters,includingγ-aminobutyric acid,glutamate,norepinephrine,acetylcholine,and dopamine,in the medial prefrontal cortex and primary visual cortex of C57BL/6 mice through in vivo fiber photometry and genetically encoded neurotransmitter sensors under anesthesia to reveal the mechanism of general anesthesia from a neurotransmitter perspective.Results revealed that the concentrations of γ-aminobutyric acid,glutamate,norepinephrine,and acetylcholine increased in the cortex during propofol-induced loss of consciousness.Dopamine levels did not change following the hypnotic dose of propofol but increased significantly following surgical doses of propofol anesthesia.Notably,the concentrations of the five neurotransmitters generally decreased during sevoflurane-induced loss of consciousness.Furthermore,the neurotransmitter dynamic networks were not synchronized in the non-anesthesia groups but were highly synchronized in the anesthetic groups.These findings suggest that neurotransmitter dynamic network synchronization may cause anesthetic-induced loss of consciousness. 展开更多
关键词 General anesthesia Loss of consciousness In vivo neurotransmitter imaging Medial prefrontal cortex primary visual cortex
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Cortico-striatal gamma oscillations are modulated by dopamine D3 receptors in dyskinetic rats
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作者 Pengfei Wang Yuewei Bi +6 位作者 Min Li Jiazhi Chen Zhuyong Wang Huantao Wen Ming Zhou Minjie Luo Wangming Zhang 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS 2025年第4期1164-1177,共14页
Long-term levodopa administration can lead to the development of levodopa-induced dyskinesia.Gamma oscillations are a widely recognized hallmark of abnormal neural electrical activity in levodopa-induced dyskinesia.Cu... Long-term levodopa administration can lead to the development of levodopa-induced dyskinesia.Gamma oscillations are a widely recognized hallmark of abnormal neural electrical activity in levodopa-induced dyskinesia.Currently,studies have reported increased oscillation power in cases of levodopa-induced dyskinesia.However,little is known about how the other electrophysiological parameters of gamma oscillations are altered in levodopa-induced dyskinesia.Furthermore,the role of the dopamine D3 receptor,which is implicated in levodopa-induced dyskinesia,in movement disorder-related changes in neural oscillations is unclear.We found that the cortico-striatal functional connectivity of beta oscillations was enhanced in a model of Parkinson’s disease.Furthermore,levodopa application enhanced cortical gamma oscillations in cortico-striatal projections and cortical gamma aperiodic components,as well as bidirectional primary motor cortex(M1)↔dorsolateral striatum gamma flow.Administration of PD128907(a selective dopamine D3 receptor agonist)induced dyskinesia and excessive gamma oscillations with a bidirectional M1↔dorsolateral striatum flow.However,administration of PG01037(a selective dopamine D3 receptor antagonist)attenuated dyskinesia,suppressed gamma oscillations and cortical gamma aperiodic components,and decreased gamma causality in the M1→dorsolateral striatum direction.These findings suggest that the dopamine D3 receptor plays a role in dyskinesia-related oscillatory activity,and that it has potential as a therapeutic target for levodopa-induced dyskinesia. 展开更多
关键词 aperiodic components dopamine D3 receptor dorsolateral striatum functional connectivity gamma oscillations levodopa-induced-dyskinesia local field potentials NEUROMODULATION Parkinson’s disease primary motor cortex
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Experience-dependent expression of Nogo-A and Nogo receptor in the developing rat visual cortex
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作者 Xiaoying Wu Yulin Luo Shuangzhen Liu Kuanshu Li 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2012年第1期13-17,共5页
Nogo-A and Nogo receptor (NgR) expression in the visual cortex following a critical developmental period (postnatal days 20-60) has been previously shown. However, little is known regarding Nogo-A and NgR expressi... Nogo-A and Nogo receptor (NgR) expression in the visual cortex following a critical developmental period (postnatal days 20-60) has been previously shown. However, little is known regarding Nogo-A and NgR expression between postnatal day 0 and initiation of the critical period. The present study analyzed Nogo-A and NgR expression at four different time points: postnatal day 0 (P0), before critical period (P14), during critical period (P28), and after critical period (P60). Results showed significantly increased Nogo-A mRNA and protein expression levels in the visual cortex following birth, and expression levels remained steady between P28 and P60. NgR mRNA or protein expression was dramatically upregulated with age and peaked at P14 or P28, respectively, and maintained high expression to P60. In addition, Nogo-A and NgR expression was analyzed in each visual cortex layer in normal developing rats and rats with monocular deprivation. Monocular deprivation decreased Nogo-A and NgR mRNA and protein expression in the rat visual cortex, in particular in layers Ⅱ-Ⅲ and Ⅳ in the visual cortex contralateral to the deprived eye. These findings suggested that Nogo-A and NgR regulated termination of the critical period in experience- dependent visual cortical plasticity. 展开更多
关键词 monocular deprivation neural regeneration Nogo receptor NOGO-A PLASTICITY primary visual cortex
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Contextual Fear Learning and Extinction in the Primary Visual Cortex of Mice 被引量:1
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作者 Xiaoke Xie Shangyue Gong +9 位作者 Ning Sun Jiazhu Zhu Xiaobin Xu Yongxian Xu Xiaojing Li Zhenhong Du Xuanting Liu Jianmin Zhang Wei Gong Ke Si 《Neuroscience Bulletin》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第1期29-40,共12页
Fear memory contextualization is critical for selecting adaptive behavior to survive.Contextual fear conditioning(CFC)is a classical model for elucidating related underlying neuronal circuits.The primary visual cortex... Fear memory contextualization is critical for selecting adaptive behavior to survive.Contextual fear conditioning(CFC)is a classical model for elucidating related underlying neuronal circuits.The primary visual cortex(V1)is the primary cortical region for contextual visual inputs,but its role in CFC is poorly understood.Here,our experiments demonstrated that bilateral inactivation of V1 in mice impaired CFC retrieval,and both CFC learning and extinction increased the turnover rate of axonal boutons in V1.The frequency of neuronal Ca^(2+)activity decreased after CFC learning,while CFC extinction reversed the decrease and raised it to the naïve level.Contrary to control mice,the frequency of neuronal Ca^(2+)activity increased after CFC learning in microglia-depleted mice and was maintained after CFC extinction,indicating that microglial depletion alters CFC learning and the frequency response pattern of extinction-induced Ca^(2+)activity.These findings reveal a critical role of microglia in neocortical information processing in V1,and suggest potential approaches for cellular-based manipulation of acquired fear memory. 展开更多
关键词 Contextual fear conditioning Calcium imaging primary visual cortex Cortical plasticity Microglial depletion Learning and memory
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The thalamic-primary auditory cortex circuit: a pathway to resilience in the face of stress and a potential target for depression treatment
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作者 TAN Jianling YE Ling 《Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines》 SCIE CSCD 2023年第11期801-802,共2页
Major depressive disorder(MDD),characterized by anhedonia,loss of motivation,behavioral despair,and cognitive abnormalities[1],stands as the second leading cause of disability worldwide[2]owing to its heightened preva... Major depressive disorder(MDD),characterized by anhedonia,loss of motivation,behavioral despair,and cognitive abnormalities[1],stands as the second leading cause of disability worldwide[2]owing to its heightened prevalence,suicide rates,and recurrence[3].Empirical evidence and clinical observations have substantiated the notion that patients with MDD often exhibit compromised auditory perception[4]. 展开更多
关键词 DEPRESSION RESILIENCE Stress primary auditory cortex THALAMIC
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Effects of urethane on the response properties of visual cortical neurons in young adult and old cats 被引量:3
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作者 彭青松 周俊 +2 位作者 施夏明 化国鹏 华田苗 《Zoological Research》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2011年第3期337-342,共6页
Previous studies have shown that visual cortical neurons in old mammals exhibit higher spontaneous activity,higher responsiveness to visual stimuli,and lower selectivity for stimulus orientations and motion directions... Previous studies have shown that visual cortical neurons in old mammals exhibit higher spontaneous activity,higher responsiveness to visual stimuli,and lower selectivity for stimulus orientations and motion directions than did neurons in young adult counterparts.However,whether the responsive difference in cortical neurons between young and old animals resulted from different effects induced by anesthetics has remained unclear.To clarify this issue,we recorded the response properties of individual neurons in the primary visual cortex of old and young adult cats while systematically varying the anesthesia level of urethane,a widely used anesthetic in physiology experiments.Our results showed that cumulatively administrating 50 mg and 100 mg of urethane upon the minimal level of urethane required to anesthetize an old or young adult cat did not significantly alter the degree of neuronal response selectivity for stimulus orientations and motion directions nor significantly change the visually-driven response and spontaneous activity of neurons in old and young adult cats.Cumulatively administrating 150 mg of urethane decreased neuronal responsiveness similarly in both age groups.Therefore,urethane appears to exert similar effects on neuronal response properties of old and young adult animals. 展开更多
关键词 URETHANE Anesthesia effects Neuronal response properties primary visual cortex Young adult cats Old cats
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Neural circuits and temporal plasticity in hindlimb representation of rat primary somatosensory cortex:revisited by multi-electrode array on brain slices 被引量:1
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作者 王丹丹 李震 +7 位作者 常颖 王蕊蕊 陈雪峰 赵振宇 曹发乐 金建慧 刘明刚 陈军 《Neuroscience Bulletin》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2010年第3期175-187,共13页
Objective The well-established planar multi-electrode array recording technique was used to investigate neural circuits and temporal plasticity in the hindlimb representation of the rat primary somatosensory cortex (... Objective The well-established planar multi-electrode array recording technique was used to investigate neural circuits and temporal plasticity in the hindlimb representation of the rat primary somatosensory cortex (S1 area) . Methods Freshly dissociated acute brain slices of rats were subject to constant perfusion with oxygenated artificial cerebrospinal fluid (95% O2 and 5% CO2) , and were mounted on a Med64 probe (64 electrodes, 8×8 array) for simultaneous multi-site electrophysiological recordings. Current sources and sinks across all the 64 electrodes were transformed into two-dimensional current source density images by bilinear interpolation at each point of the 64 electrodes. Results The local intracortical connection, which is involved in mediation of downward information flow across layers II-VI, was identified by electrical stimulation (ES) at layers II-III. The thalamocortical connection, which is mainly involved in mediation of upward information flow across layers II-IV, was also characterized by ES at layer IV. The thalamocortical afferent projections were likely to make more synaptic contacts with S1 neurons than the intracortical connections did. Moreover, the S1 area was shown to be more easily activated and more intensively innervated by the thalamocortical afferent projections than by the intracortical connections. Finally, bursting conditioning stimulus (CS) applied within layer IV of the S1 area could success-fully induce long-term potentiation (LTP) in 5 of the 6 slices (83.3%) , while the same CS application at layers II-III induced no LTP in any of the 6 tested slices. Conclusion The rat hindlimb representation of S1 area is likely to have at least 2 patterns of neural circuits on brain slices: one is the intracortical circuit (ICC) formed by interlaminar connections from layers II-III, and the other is the thalamocortical circuit (TCC) mediated by afferent connections from layer IV. Besides, ICC of the S1 area is spatially limited, with less plasticity, while TCC is spatially extensive and exhibits a better plasticity in response to somatosensory afferent stimulation. The present data provide a useful experimental model for further studying microcircuit properties in S1 cortex at the network level in vitro. 展开更多
关键词 planar multi-electrode array two-dimensional current source density imaging primary somatosensory cortex neural circuits long-term potentiation
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Effects of different frequencies of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on the recovery of upper limb motor dysfunction in patients with subacute cerebral infarction 被引量:35
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作者 Jiang Li Xiang-min Meng +3 位作者 Ru-yi Li Ru Zhang Zheng Zhang Yi-feng Du 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2016年第10期1584-1590,共7页
Studies have confirmed that low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation can decrease the activity of cortical neurons, and high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation can increase the ex... Studies have confirmed that low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation can decrease the activity of cortical neurons, and high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation can increase the excitability of cortical neurons. However, there are few studies concerning the use of different frequencies of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on the recovery of upper-limb motor function after cerebral infarction. We hypothesized that different frequencies of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with cerebral infarction would produce different effects on the recovery of upper-limb motor function. This study enrolled 127 patients with upper-limb dysfunction during the subacute phase of cerebral infarction. These patients were randomly assigned to three groups. The low-frequency group comprised 42 patients who were treated with 1 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on the contralateral hemisphere primary motor cortex (M1). The high-frequency group comprised 43 patients who were treated with 10 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on ipsilateral M1. Finally, the sham group comprised 42 patients who were treated with 10 Hz of false stimulation on ipsilateral M1. A total of 135 seconds of stimulation was applied in the sham group and high-frequency group. At 2 weeks after treatment, cortical latency of motor-evoked potentials and central motor conduction time were significantly lower compared with before treatment. Moreover, motor function scores were significantly improved. The above indices for the low- and high-frequency groups were significantly different compared with the sham group. However, there was no significant difference between the low- and high-frequency groups. The results show that low- and high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation can similarly improve upper-limb motor function in patients with cerebral infarction. 展开更多
关键词 nerve regeneration brain injury repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation cerebral infarction low-frequency stimulation high-frequency stimulation upper-limb motor function cerebral cortex stroke rehabilitation motor-evoked potential central motor conductiontime primary motor cortex NEUROPLASTICITY neural reorganization neural regeneration
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Contralateral S1 function is involved in electroacupuncture treatment-mediated recovery after focal unilateral M1 infarction 被引量:5
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作者 Lu-Lu Yao Si Yuan +5 位作者 Zhen-Nan Wu Jian-Yu Luo Xiao-Rong Tang Chun-Zhi Tang Shuai Cui Neng-Gui Xu 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2022年第6期1310-1317,共8页
Acupuncture at acupoints Baihui(GV20)and Dazhui(GV14)has been shown to promote functional recovery after stroke.However,the contribution of the contralateral primary sensory cortex(S1)to recovery remains unclear.In th... Acupuncture at acupoints Baihui(GV20)and Dazhui(GV14)has been shown to promote functional recovery after stroke.However,the contribution of the contralateral primary sensory cortex(S1)to recovery remains unclear.In this study,unilateral local ischemic infarction of the primary motor cortex(M1)was induced by photothrombosis in a mouse model.Electroacupuncture(EA)was subsequently performed at acupoints GV20 and GV14 and neuronal activity and functional connectivity of contralateral S1 and M1 were detected using in vivo and in vitro electrophysiological recording techniques.Our results showed that blood perfusion and neuronal interaction between contralateral M1 and S1 is impaired after unilateral M1 infarction.Intrinsic neuronal excitability and activity were also disturbed,which was rescued by EA.Furthermore,the effectiveness of EA treatment was inhibited after virus-mediated neuronal ablation of the contralateral S1.We conclude that neuronal activity of the contralateral S1 is important for EA-mediated recovery after focal M1 infarction.Our study provides insight into how the S1-M1 circuit might be involved in the mechanism of EA treatment of unilateral cerebral infarction.The animal experiments were approved by the Committee for Care and Use of Research Animals of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine(approval No.20200407009)April 7,2020. 展开更多
关键词 brain plasticity ELECTROACUPUNCTURE electrophysiology recording neuronal activity primary motor cortex primary sensory cortex stroke
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Super-Resolution Track-Density Imaging Reveals Fine Anatomical Features in Tree Shrew Primary Visual Cortex and Hippocampus 被引量:4
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作者 Jian-Kun Dai Shu-Xia Wang +2 位作者 Dai Shan Hai-Chen Niu Hao Lei 《Neuroscience Bulletin》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2018年第3期438-448,共11页
Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging(d MRI) is widely used to study white and gray matter(GM) micro-organization and structural connectivity in the brain. Super-resolution track-density imaging(TDI) is ... Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging(d MRI) is widely used to study white and gray matter(GM) micro-organization and structural connectivity in the brain. Super-resolution track-density imaging(TDI) is an image reconstruction method for d MRI data, which is capable of providing spatial resolution beyond the acquired data, as well as novel and meaningful anatomical contrast that cannot be obtained with conventional reconstruction methods. TDI has been used to reveal anatomical features in human and animal brains. In this study, we used short track TDI(st TDI), a variation of TDI with enhanced contrast for GM structures, to reconstruct directionencoded color maps of fixed tree shrew brain. The results were compared with those obtained with the traditional diffusion tensor imaging(DTI) method. We demonstrated that fine microstructures in the tree shrew brain, such as Baillarger bands in the primary visual cortex and the longitudinal component of the mossy fibers within the hippocampal CA3 subfield, were observable with st TDI,but not with DTI reconstructions from the same d MRI data.The possible mechanisms underlying the enhanced GM contrast are discussed. 展开更多
关键词 Track-density imaging Diffusion tensor imaging Tree shrew primary visual cortex HIPPOCAMPUS
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Modulation of Spike Count Correlations Between Macaque Primary Visual Cortex Neurons by Difficulty of Attentional Task 被引量:2
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作者 Qiyi Hu Wenjuan Hu +5 位作者 Keyi Liu Xiangdong Bu Lisha Hu Liming Li Xinyu Chai Yao Chen 《Neuroscience Bulletin》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2022年第5期489-504,共16页
Studies have shown that spatial attention remarkably affects the trial-to-trial response variability shared between neurons.Difficulty in the attentional task adjusts how much concentration we maintain on what is curr... Studies have shown that spatial attention remarkably affects the trial-to-trial response variability shared between neurons.Difficulty in the attentional task adjusts how much concentration we maintain on what is currently important and what is filtered as irrelevant sensory information.However,how task difficulty mediates the interactions between neurons with separated receptive fields(RFs)that are attended to or attended away is still not clear.We examined spike count correlations between single-unit activities recorded simultaneously in the primary visual cortex(V1)while monkeys performed a spatial attention task with two levels of difficulty.Moreover,the RFs of the two neurons recorded were non-overlapping to allow us to study fluctuations in the correlated responses between competing visual inputs when the focus of attention was allocated to the RF of one neuron.While increasing difficulty in the spatial attention task,spike count correlations were either decreased to become negative between neuronal pairs,implying competition among them,with one neuron(or none)exhibiting attentional enhancement of firing rate,or increased to become positive,suggesting inter-neuronal cooperation,with one of the pair showing attentional suppression of spiking responses.Besides,the modulation of spike count correlations by task difficulty was independent of the attended locations.These findings provide evidence that task difficulty affects the functional interactions between different neuronal pools in V1 when selective attention resolves the spatial competition. 展开更多
关键词 Rhesus monkey Spatial attention Shared variability Attentional load primary visual cortex
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Neurons in Primary Motor Cortex Encode Hand Orientation in a Reach-to-Grasp Task 被引量:2
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作者 Chaolin Ma Xuan Ma +1 位作者 Jing Fan Jiping He 《Neuroscience Bulletin》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2017年第4期383-395,共13页
It is disputed whether those neurons in the primary motor cortex(M1) that encode hand orientation constitute an independent channel for orientation control in reach-to-grasp behaviors. Here, we trained two monkeys t... It is disputed whether those neurons in the primary motor cortex(M1) that encode hand orientation constitute an independent channel for orientation control in reach-to-grasp behaviors. Here, we trained two monkeys to reach forward and grasp objects positioned in the frontal plane at different orientation angles, and simultaneously recorded the activity of M1 neurons. Among the 2235 neurons recorded in M1, we found that 18.7% had a high correlation exclusively with hand orientation, 15.9% with movement direction, and 29.5% with both movement direction and hand orientation. The distributions of neurons encoding hand orientation and those encoding movement direction were not uniform but coexisted in the same region. The trajectory of hand rotation was reproduced by the firing patterns of the orientation-related neurons independent of the hand reaching direction. These resultssuggest that hand orientation is an independent component for the control of reaching and grasping activity. 展开更多
关键词 primary motor cortex Single neuron recording Hand orientation Non-human primate
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