Extracranial multiorgan metastasis from primary glioblastoma: A case report

BACKGROUND Glioblastoma has a high degree of malignancy and poor prognosis.It is common to have in situ recurrence and intracranial metastasis,while extracranial metastasis is rare,and extracranial multiorgan metastasis is extremely rare.We report a case of glioblastoma with extracranial multiorgan metastasis,which will strengthen clinicians’attention to the extracranial metastasis of glioblastoma and its treatment.CASE SUMMARY A male patient visited our hospital for treatment of dizziness and headache.Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed a space-occupying lesion in the right temporoparietal occipital region.Chest computed tomography and abdominal ultrasound were normal,and no space-occupying lesions were observed in other organs of the body.The patient underwent surgery and diagnosed with glioblastoma.Postoperative concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy were completed.During the follow-up,the tumor was found to have metastasized to the scalp and neck,and a second tumor resection was performed.Postoperative follow-up revealed extracranial metastases to multiple extracranial organs including skull,scalp,ribs,spine,liver and lung.His family members refused further treatment,and requested only symptomatic treatment such as pain relief,and the patient died of systemic multiple organ failure.Survival time from diagnosis to death was 13 mo and from extracranial metastasis to death was 6 mo.CONCLUSION Glioblastoma extracranial metastasis is extremely rare,clinicians should always pay attention to its existence.The mechanism of glioblastoma extracranial metastasis is still unclear,and genetic and molecular studies are required.

Atypical imaging features of the primary spinal cord glioblastoma:A case report

BACKGROUND Primary spinal cord(PSC)glioblastoma(GB)is an extremely rare but fatal primary tumor of the central nervous system and associated with a poor prognosis.While typical tumor imaging features are generally easy to recognize,glioblastoma multiforme can have a wide range of imaging findings.Atypical GB is often misdiagnosed,which usually delays the optimal time for treatment.In this article,we discuss a clinical case of pathologically confirmed PSC GB under the guise of benign tumor imaging findings,as well as the most recent literature pertaining to PSC GB.CASE SUMMARY A 70-year-old female complained of limb weakness lasting more than 20 d.Irregular masses were observed inside and outside the left foramina of the spinal canal at C7-T1 on medical imaging.Based on the imaging features,radiologists diagnosed the patient with schwannoma.Tumor resection was performed under general anesthesia.The final histopathological findings revealed a final diagnosis of PSC GB,world health organization Grade IV.The patient subsequently underwent a 4-wk course of radiotherapy(60 Gy in 20 fractions)combined with temozolomide chemotherapy.The patient was alive at the time of submission of this manuscript.CONCLUSION Atypical GB presented unusual imaging findings,which led to misdiagnosis.Therefore,a complete recognition of imaging signs may facilitate early accurate diagnosis.