Study of the Effects of Glucocorticoid on Growth and Adult Final Height in Children with Primary Nephrotic Syndrome

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of growth, as well as factors associated with growth retardation in children with primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS), and to investigate the effect of glucocorticoid (GC) use duration on growth retardation in these children. Methods: Clinical and laboratory data of 353 PNS children treated at our hospital from July 2014 to June 2015 were collected through the medical record management system. Height, weight, and GC usage were recorded. Follow-up assessments were conducted in August 2022 for the original group, recording height, weight, and GC usage. Height and weight were evaluated using standard deviation scores (SDS). Categorical data were analyzed using chi-square test while continuous measurement data were analyzed using t-test or rank-sum test. Linear regression was used to assess the association between two single independent variables, and logistic regression analysis was used to screen for risk factors related to growth retardation in children with PNS. Results: Among the 353 PNS children enrolled in this study, male-to-female ratio of 2.64:1 (256 males vs 97 females). A total of 119 children exhibited growth retardation, incidence rate of 33.71%. The duration of GC usage among those with growth retardation was significantly longer compared to those without it (762.81 ± 934.50 days vs 263.77 ± 420.49 days;p Conclusion: PNS children treated with GC have a high incidence of growth retardation, and a high proportion of short stature in adulthood, especially in children with growth retardation in childhood, most of them have short stature after grown up. Time of GC usage is a risk factor for growth retardation in children with PNS.

Primary membranous nephrotic syndrome with chylothorax as first presentation:A case report and literature review

BACKGROUND Primary membranous nephrotic syndrome with chylothorax as the first manifestation is an unusual condition.To date,only a few cases have been reported in clinical practice.CASE SUMMARY The clinical data of a 48-year-old man with primary nephrotic syndrome combined with chylothorax admitted to the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital were retrospec-tively analysed.The patient was admitted to the hospital for 12 d due to shortness of breath.Imaging showed pleural effusion,laboratory tests confirmed true chylothorax,and renal biopsy revealed membranous nephropathy.After primary disease treatment and early active symptom treatment,the prognosis of the patient was good.This case suggests that chylothorax is a rare complication of primary membranous nephrotic syndrome in adults,and early lymphan-giography and renal biopsy can assist in the diagnosis when there are no contrain-dications.CONCLUSION Primary membranous nephrotic syndrome combined with chylothorax is rare in clinical practice.We report a relevant case to provide case information for clinicians and to improve diagnosis and treatment.

The treatment of relapsing primary nephrotic syndrome in children

Objective: To explore better therapy and reduce the rate of re-relapse of primary nephritic syndrome in children who had been treated with corticosteroids but relapsed. Methods: Eighty relapsers were enrolled from Jan. 1994 to Apr. 2000, who were randomly divided into two groups. The treatment group (n=39) had been treated with tripterysium glucosides for three months,with the control group (n=41) members were treated with cyclophosphmide (CTX) by intermission intravenous pulse, with total dose of CTX not being more than 150 mg/kg. Prednisone, meanwhile, was given to both groups. The total treatment period of prednisone was prolonged by 12-18 months. Results: After following up for 3-7 years, the re-relapse rates of both groups were observed. The re-relapse rate of the treatment group was 28.2% to 29.3% in the CTX-controlled group. The re-relapse rates between two groups were almost similar, and with no observed significant difference (P>0.05). The side effect of tripterysium glucosides was less than that of CTX. Conclusion: For the treatment of relapsing nephritic syndrome in children, the combination of tripterysium glucosides and prolonged corticosteroid therapy is as effective as the regimen of CTX plus prolonged use of prednisone.

Therapeutic Effect of Shenling Baizhu Powder on Primary Nephrotic Syndrome Featuring Damp Abundance Due to Splenic Asthenia

[Objectives]To observe the clinical efficacy of Shenling Baizhu Powder in the treatment of primary nephrotic syndrome(PNS)featuring damp abundance due to splenic asthenia.[Methods]40 patients with PNS were randomly divided into treatment group(n=19)and control group(n=21).In the treatment group and the control group,methylprednisolone tablets were taken orally and cytoxan(CTX)was given intravenously for treatment;in the treatment group,based on oral administration of methylprednisolone tablets and intravenous drip of cytoxan(CTX),oral administration of traditional Chinese medicine(addition and subtraction of Shenling Baizhu Powder)was added.Urine routine,24-hour urinary protein,renal function and serum albumin were re-examined after 4 weeks of treatment.[Results]The total effective rate of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group(89.47%vs 61.90%,P<0.05).After treatment,both groups could effectively reduce the levels of 24-hour urinary protein(P<0.05),serum creatinine(P<0.05)and urea nitrogen(P<0.05),and increase the level of serum albumin(P<0.05),but the degree of improvement in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).[Conclusions]Methylprednisolone combined with addition and subtraction of Shenling Baizhu Powder could effectively reduce urinary protein,improve edema symptoms,shorten the course of hormone use and reduce adverse reactions in the treatment of PNS featuring damp abundance due to splenic asthenia.

^(99m)Tc-DTPA肾动态显像评价早期成人PNS患者AKI的临床价值

目的探讨^(99m)Tc-二乙烯三胺五乙酸(diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid,DTPA)肾动态显像评价早期成人原发性肾病综合征(primary nephrotic syndrome,PNS)患者肾小管间质损伤的临床价值。方法选取早期成人PNS患者42例作为病例组,以病理结果有无肾间质损伤为标准,分析^(99m)Tc-DTPA肾动态显像定量指标和生化指标血肌酐(serum creatinine,SCr)、血尿素氮(blood urea nitrogen,BUN)、血尿酸(uric acid,UA)、血视黄醇结合蛋白(retinol-binding protein,RBP)、血β2-微球蛋白(β2-microglobulin,β2-MG)水平对肾小管间质损伤的诊断效能。结果①病例组患者的总肾小球滤过率(glomerular filtration rate,GFR)、左肾GFR、右肾GFR分别与血SCr、BUN、β2-MG水平呈负相关。②总GFR诊断早期成人PNS患者肾小管间质损伤的诊断效能优于血SCr、BUN、β2-MG,总GFR结合达峰时间(T_(p))、半排时间(T_(1/2))、20min残留率(R_(20/p))可进一步提高诊断效能。结论^(99m)Tc-DTPA肾动态显像对早期成人PNS患者肾小管间质损伤的早期诊断具有指导性意义。

Effect of sodium ferulate in combined with Huangqi injection on the coagulation and immunological function in patients with primary nephrotic syndrome

Objective:To explore the effect of sodium ferulate in combined with Huangqi injection on the coagulation and immunological function in patients with primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS).Methods: A total of 137 patients with PNS were included in the study and randomized into the observation group (n=69) and the control group (n=68). The patients in the treatment group were given routine treatment, anticoagulation, lipid regulation, and other symptomatic treatments. On this basis, the patients in the observation group were given sodium ferulate in combined with Huangqi injection. The coagulation, immunological function, and hemorrheology indicators before and after treatment in the two groups were compared.Results:Alb content after treatment in the two groups was significantly elevated when compared with before treatment (P<0.05), while ET, 24 h UPQ, Scr, and BUN levels were significantly reduced when compared with before treatment (P<0.05);moreover, the improvement degree of the above indicators in the observation group was significantly greater than that in the control group (P<0.05). PT and APTT after treatment in the two groups were significantly prolonged when compared with before treatment (P<0.05), while FIB, D-D content, whole blood high shear viscosity, low shear viscosity, blood viscosity, and ARBC were significantly reduced when compared with before treatment (P<0.05);moreover, the improvement degree of the above indicators in the observation group was significantly greater than that in the control group (P<0.05). CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ after treatment in the two groups were significantly elevated when compared with before treatment (P<0.05). CD3+ and CD4+ after treatment in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). CD4+/CD8+, IgG, and IgA after treatment in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusions:Sodium ferulate in combined with Huangqi injection in the treatment of PNS can improve the coagulation function and hemorheology, alleviate the blood coagulation, enhance the immunological function, and recover the renal function.

A Discussion on TCM Treatment and the Pathogenesis of Membranous Nephropathy in Primary Nephrotic Syndrome

Objective:To investigate the TCM treatment principle of membranous nephropathy and its effect.Methods:A total of 56 patients were selected from the Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.They were then divided into the control group(western medicine standard therapy)and the study group(Qidi Gushen prescription),with 28 patients in each group.The treatment effect,treatment safety,and patients’satisfaction were observed and compared between the two groups.Results:The results showed that the treatment effect of the study group was 96.43%,which was significantly better compared with the control group(75.00%)(p<0.05);in terms of safety,the probability of adverse events was 7.14%in the study group and 32.14%in the control group,in which the difference was statistically significant(p<0.05);in addition,the study group’s satisfaction with the treatment measures was significantly higher than that of the control group(p<0.05).Conclusion:In treating membranous nephropathy,traditional Chinese medicine can be tailored to its pathogenesis,which is not only beneficial to the treatment effect,but also has a high safety profile.

Relationship of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and Nitrogen Oxide with Treatment of Frequent Relapse Nephrotic Syndrome by Shenkangling(肾康灵)Granule in Children

Objective: To observe the relationship of tumor necrosis factor-o (TNF-a) and nitrogen oxide (NO) with the treatment of frequent relapse nephrotic syndrome (FRNS) and to explore the patho-genesis of FRNS and the therapeutic mechanism of Shenkangling (肾康灵,SKL) Granule in children. Methods: Sixty children suffering from FRNS were randomly divided into the treated group and control group, 30 in each, and the other 30 healthy children were taken as healthy group. The patients were treated with prednisone for a long-term course, and those with no effect or partial effect shown were treated with additional Tripterygium or Cytoxan in the control group, while in the treated group patients were treated with prednisone and additional SKL. The two groups were compared as to their changes of TNF-a, NO before and after treatment, and the relapses after treatment. Results: The levels of TNF-a and NO in the sick children before treatment were markedly higher than those after treatment and normal group (P< 0. 01). The positive correlation between TNF-o of FRNS cases and relapse risk displayed more significance than that between the relapse of FRNS and NO. The difference between treated group and control group was significant (P<0. 01). Conclusion: TNF-a can be regarded as the monitoring parameter of the active phase in FRNS, and the higher the level, the more possible the relapse would occur. SKL could markedly reduce the relapse rate of FRNS in children.

原发性肾病综合征患儿发生泌尿系感染的现状及影响因素分析

目的探讨原发性肾病综合征(primary nephrotic syndrome,PNS)患儿发生泌尿系感染(urinary tract infec⁃tion,UTI)的现状及影响因素。方法选取2016年1月至2023年1月首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院的住院PNS患儿49例,根据是否合并UTI分为感染组和对照组,分析两组临床表现、实验室检查结果以及治疗情况,采用多因素logistic回归方程分析PNS患儿发生UTI的影响因素。结果49例患儿中男32例,女17例;年龄10个月至14岁,平均(7.7±3.6)岁。23例(46.94%)PNS患儿发生UTI,其中19例(82.61%)患儿无发热、尿频、尿急、尿痛等症状。感染组共检出42株病原菌,其中革兰阴性杆菌18例(42.86%),以为霍氏肠杆菌、大肠埃希菌和铜绿假单胞菌为主;革兰阳性球菌17例(40.48%),以屎肠球菌及粪肠球菌为主;真菌7例(16.67%),包括白色念珠菌、光滑念珠菌和热带念珠菌。革兰阴性杆菌对氨苄西林、头孢呋辛和氨苄西林舒巴坦的耐药率均为100%,对氨基糖苷类和四环素类药物(阿米卡星、米诺环素和多黏菌素)的敏感率为100%。革兰阳性球菌对红霉素的耐药率为100%,对利奈唑胺、万古霉素、呋喃妥因的敏感率为100%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,糖皮质激素耐药(OR=18.185,95%CI:1.830~180.735,P=0.013)、联合免疫抑制剂治疗(OR=13.686,95%CI:1.387~135.064,P=0.025)、血清ALB<16.6 g/L(OR=10.650,95%CI:1.025~110.612,P=0.048)的PNS患儿发生UTI的风险越高,年龄越大的PNS患儿发生UTI的风险较小(OR=0.738,95%CI:0.554~0.983,P=0.038)。结论PNS患儿发生UTI时多无典型泌尿系感染症状,当其病情反复时需警惕是否发生UTI。UTI的耐药菌比例较高,真菌致病亦不容忽视。对于年龄小、激素耐药、联合免疫抑制剂治疗以及血清ALB明显下降的PNS患儿,建议加强外阴部护理,避免泌尿系感染的发生。

基于FGF23/Klotho稳态观察口服糖皮质激素致生长障碍的临床研究

目的观察长期口服糖皮质激素(glucocorticosteroid,GC)抑制原发性肾病综合征(primarynephrotic syndrome,PNS)儿童生长与FGF23/Klotho比值变化的相关性。方法前瞻性选取已停用GC 3个月以上,于2022年6—12月至河南中医药大学第一附属医院儿科医院复查的56例激素敏感型PNS儿童为研究对象。入院监测尿蛋白定性及定量后,尿蛋白复发者加用GC治疗,为GC组(n=29);尿蛋白未复发者不加用GC治疗,为无GC组(n=27)。同期选取29例3岁至青春期前年龄的健康体检儿童作为对照组。比较各组身高、骨龄、增长速度及FGF23/Klotho比值等指标,并进行相关性分析。结果GC组加用GC 1个月后的FGF23/Klotho比值高于无GC组(P<0.05),半年内的身高增长速度、骨龄增长速度均低于无GC组(P<0.05)。相关性分析显示PNS儿童治疗1个月后的FGF23/Klotho比值与治疗半年内的身高增长速度、骨龄增长速度均呈显著负相关(分别r=-0.356、-0.436,P<0.05)。结论FGF23/Klotho稳态失衡是长期口服GC导致生长障碍的机制之一。

182名原发性肾病综合征患儿照顾者照顾能力现状及影响因素分析

目的调查原发性肾病综合征(Primary nephrotic syndrome,PNS)患儿照顾者照顾能力现状及其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样的方法,选取2022年12月至2023年3月新疆乌鲁木齐市3所三级甲等医院符合纳入及排除标准的182名PNS患儿照顾者作为研究对象。采用家庭照顾者照顾能力量表、一般资料调查表、社会支持量表、照顾者负担量表、中文版疾病不确定量表进行调查,采用多元线性回归分析影响PNS患儿照顾者照顾能力的影响因素。结果PNS患儿照顾者照顾能力总分为(8.91±3.58)分。单因素分析结果显示,照顾能力在患儿是否为独生子女、病程、住院次数、照顾者文化程度、职业、职业状态差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析结果显示,照顾者文化程度、职业、社会支持、照顾负担、疾病不确定感为PNS患儿照顾者照顾能力的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论PNS患儿照顾者照顾能力处于中等偏上水平,医护人员应该关注照顾者照顾负担,帮助其获取有效支持,减轻疾病不确定感,以提高照顾者照顾能力。

槐杞黄颗粒辅助波尼松治疗PNS患儿效果及对免疫功能、外周血NGAL、KIM-1、L-FABP水平的影响

目的:探讨槐杞黄颗粒辅助波尼松治疗原发性肾病综合征(PNS)患儿效果及对免疫功能的影响。方法:选取2016年06月~2018年06月我院收治的152例PNS患儿为研究对象,用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组各76例。观察组患儿予以槐杞黄颗粒+波尼松治疗,对照组患儿仅予以泼尼松治疗。比较两组患儿水肿消退、尿蛋白转阴时间以及治疗期间感染率、复发率,观察治疗前后血清免疫球蛋白(IgA、IgG、IgM)、T、B淋巴细胞亚群(CD+3、CD+4、CD+8、CD+4/CD+8、NK细胞)、血清中性粒细胞明胶酶相关载脂蛋白(NGAL)、肾损伤分子-1(KIM-1)、肝型脂肪酸结合蛋白(L-FABP)等外周血指标变化情况。结果:观察组患儿水肿消退时间、尿蛋白转阴时间均短于对照组,感染率和复发率均低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗6个月后,两组患儿血清中IgG较治疗前升高,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05),血清IgM以及NGAL、KIM-1、L-FABP水平较治疗前降低,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);两组患儿外周血CD+3、NK细胞水平均较治疗前升高,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05),观察组患儿CD+4、CD+4/CD+8水平均较治疗前升高,且高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:槐杞黄颗粒联合波尼松治疗PNS可有效缓解临床症状,减少感染和复发,长期使用可改善患儿体液免疫和细胞免疫,减轻肾脏损伤。

槐杞黄颗粒辅助治疗PNS患儿血清IL-21及IFN-γ的变化

目的:观察原发性肾病综合征(PNS)患儿采用槐杞黄颗粒辅助治疗前后血清白细胞介素-21(IL-21)及干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)的动态变化。方法:2010年6月31日～2011年12月31日收治于中国医科大学附属盛京医院小儿肾脏风湿科的PNS患儿50例,随机分为两组:泼尼松联合槐杞黄颗粒治疗组24例(A组),单纯泼尼松治疗组26例(B组)。观察治疗前和治疗1个月、3个月后外周血中IL-21及IFN-γ的变化。选取健康体检儿童15名为健康对照组(C组)。采用酶联免疫吸附法测定血清中IL-21及IFN-γ的浓度。结果:(1)A、B组IL-21均显著高于C组(P<0.05),治疗1个月后两组IL-21均显著下降,组间差异无统计学意义,至3个月后A组显著降低,并低于B组(P<0.05),仍未达C组水平。(2)A、B组IFN-γ均低于C组(P<0.05),治疗1个月后两组IFN-γ显著升高,组间差异无统计学意义,至3个月后A组显著升高,并高于B组(P<0.05),接近C组水平。结论:PNS患儿治疗前IL-21的升高和IFN-γ的降低可能参与PNS的发病,槐杞黄辅助治疗可以下调肾病患儿IL-21的表达,上调IFN-γ的表达,纠正Th1/Th2失衡,从而发挥免疫调节作用。

玉屏风颗粒联合激素治疗PNS患儿效果及对Foxp3^+Treg细胞、Th1/Th2漂移的影响

目的:探究玉屏风颗粒联合激素治疗原发性肾病综合征(PNS)患儿的效果及对Foxp3+Treg细胞、Th1/Th2漂移的影响。方法:将我院收治的92例PNS患儿以随机数字表法分为对照组与联合组,各46例,对照组应用糖皮质激素治疗,联合组应用玉屏风颗粒(5 g,tid)联合糖皮质激素治疗,观察两组疗效、免疫功能指标、Th1/Th2细胞因子及感染情况差异。结果:联合组治疗总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,两组T淋巴亚群指标(CD3^+、CD4^+、CD4^+/CD8^+)及Foxp3^+Treg细胞水平均较治疗前升高,且联合组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,两组白细胞介素(IL)-2、转化生长因子(TGF)-β1及IL-6水平均较治疗前降低,且联合组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后联合组IL-10水平高于对照组,感染率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:玉屏风颗粒联合激素治疗PNS的疗效显著,有利于改善患儿的免疫功能,调节Th1/Th2细胞平衡。

儿童原发性肾病综合征社会适应性现状及危险因素

目的探讨儿童原发性肾病综合征(primary nephrotic syndrome,PNS)社会适应性现状,并分析其危险因素。方法便利抽样法选取2020年7月至2022年12月河南中医药大学第一附属医院收治的126例PNS患儿为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、重返学习适应性、创伤后成长、心理弹性量表等对患儿进行调查。应用Pearson相关分析重返学习社会适应性评分与创伤后成长、心理弹性之间的相关性;采用多元线性回归分析儿童PNS社会适应性现状的影响因素。结果PNS患儿重返学习适应性总分为(56.71±9.32)分;创伤后成长总分为(38.65±7.48)分;心理弹性总分为(47.92±8.74)分。Pearson相关分析显示:重返学习适应性评分与创伤后成长评分、心理弹性评分均呈正相关(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示:创伤后成长、心理弹性、年龄、病程、父母文化程度均是影响PNS患儿重返学习适应性水平的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论PNS患儿社会适应性水平较低,与创伤后成长、心理弹性、患儿年龄、病程、父母文化程度等多种因素有关。

儿童原发性肾病综合征SOCS3表达与糖皮质激素耐药的相关性研究

目的 研究原发性肾病综合征(PNS)患儿细胞因子信号转导抑制因子3(SOCS3)表达水平与糖皮质激素(GC)治疗反应性的关系。方法 收集30例激素敏感型肾病综合征(SSNS)、16例激素耐药型肾病综合征(SRNS)患儿GC治疗前后及16例健康儿童外周静脉血,检测外周血单核细胞(PBMC)中SOCS3 mRNA以及血浆中SOCS3蛋白表达水平。同时检测PNS患儿GC治疗前后24小时尿蛋白定量(UTP)、血清肌酐(SCr)、血尿素氮(BUN)及肾小球滤过率(GFR),分析其与SOCS3表达的相关性。结果 GC治疗前,SSNS组与SRNS组患儿SOCS3 mRNA、蛋白表达水平均高于对照组儿童(P<0.05)。GC治疗6周时SSNS组SOCS3 mRNA、蛋白水平较治疗前下降(P<0.05),SRNS组SOCS3 mRNA表达相比治疗前无明显改变(P>0.05),SOCS3蛋白水平较治疗前升高(P<0.05)。GC治疗前后,SRNS组SOCS 3mRNA、蛋白表达水平均显著高于SSNS组(P<0.05)。PNS患儿SOCS 3蛋白表达与24 hUTP、SCr、BUN正相关(P<0.05),与GFR负相关(P<0.05)。结论 SRNS与SSNS患儿SOCS 3表达水平存在差异,且差异与肾功能指标变化呈相关性,提示SOCS3表达上调对GC耐药的发生有潜在预测价值。

原发性肾病综合征患儿血清LXA4、S100A4水平与病情、疾病转归的关系

目的探讨原发性肾病综合征(PNS)患儿血清脂氧素A4(LXA4)、S100钙结合蛋白A4(S100A4)水平与病情、疾病转归的关系。方法选取2020年3月至2022年3月南京明基医院收治的168例PNS患儿为研究对象,另选取来南京明基医院体检的150例健康儿童为对照组,将PNS患儿根据疾病活动度分为缓解期组(n=73)与发作期组(n=95)。采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测血清LXA4、S100A4水平。患儿出院后连续随访1年,根据预后情况分为预后良好组(n=138)与预后不良组(n=30)。采用Spearman相关分析血清LXA4、S100A4水平与疾病活动度的关系,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估血清LXA4、S100A4对PNS患儿预后的预测价值;采用多因素Logistic回归分析PNS患儿预后的影响因素。结果缓解期组、发作期组血清LXA4、S100A4水平高于对照组,且发作期组血清LXA4、S100A4水平高于缓解期组(P<0.05)。PNS患儿血清LXA4、S100A4水平与疾病活动度均呈正相关(r=0.593、0.546,P<0.05)。预后良好组PNS患儿血清LXA4、S100A4水平低于预后不良组(P<0.05)。血清LXA4、S100A4预测PNS患儿疾病转归的曲线下面积(95%CI)分别为0.767(0.756~0.888)、0.846(0.824~0.863),二者联合预测的曲线下面积(95%CI)为0.905(0.879~0.924)。预后不良组病理类型为肾炎型占比、24 h尿蛋白定量、血尿发生占比高于预后良好组,尿蛋白转阴时间长于预后良好组,病理类型为单纯型及总蛋白、IgM水平低于预后良好组(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,有血尿发生(OR=2.300,95%CI 1.598~3.312)、24 h尿蛋白定量≥121.25 mg/24 h(OR=2.098,95%CI 1.489~2.956)、LXA4≥95.64 ng/L(OR=2.627,95%CI 1.737~3.973)、S100A4≥248.15 ng/L(OR=2.729,95%CI 1.777~4.192)是PNS患儿预后不良的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论血清S100A4、LXA4水平在PNS患儿中升高,且与疾病活动度及预后相关,有望作为评估PNS病情及预后的潜在标志物。

玉屏风颗粒联合他克莫司胶囊治疗原发性肾病综合征患儿的临床效果和对免疫功能的影响分析

目的分析玉屏风颗粒联合他克莫司胶囊在原发性肾病综合征患儿的价值。方法于2020年06月~2022年08月在我院采集病例展开研究,以严格按照纳排标准筛选后的86例门诊原发性肾病综合征患儿为研究对象,将入组的年龄4~15岁、病程3~14个月、肝肾阴虚型的86例患儿按随机数字表法分为联合组与单一组,各43例。单一组采用他克莫司胶囊,联合组采用玉屏风颗粒联合他克莫司胶囊。对比2组疗效、体液免疫功能[免疫球蛋白G(Immuno⁃globulin G,IgG)、免疫球蛋白A(Immunoglobulin A,IgA)]、T淋巴细胞亚群(CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD8^(+))、炎症因子水平[白细胞介素-6(Interleukin-6,IL-6)、白细胞介素-10(Interleukin-10,IL-10)]、不良反应发生率、复发率。结果联合组总有效率93.02%(40/43)较单一组72.09%(31/43)高(P<0.05)。治疗后,联合组IgG、IgA较单一组高(P<0.05)。治疗后,联合组CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)较单一组高,CD8^(+)较单一组低(P<0.05)。治疗后,联合组IL-6、IL-10水平较单一组低(P<0.05)。2组不良反应发生率对比无显著差异(P>0.05)。实验组复发率6.98%(3/43)较单一组23.26%(10/43)低(P<0.05)。结论玉屏风颗粒联合他克莫司胶囊在原发性肾病综合征患儿治疗中效果显著,可调节免疫功能、减轻炎症反应,且安全性良好、复发率低。

肾病综合征患儿主要照顾者照顾负担现状及其相关影响因素分析

目的探讨肾病综合征患儿主要照顾者照顾负担并分析相关影响因素。方法选取2020年10月至2022年10月医院收治的肾病综合征患儿的主要照顾者82例为研究对象,记录所有患儿主要照顾者的临床资料,调查并比较相关资料的差异,采用Zarit照顾者负担量表(ZBI)评估患儿主要照顾者照顾负担现状,后进一步采用线性回归分析患儿主要照顾者照顾负担的相关影响因素。结果82例肾病综合征患儿主要照顾者评分为(29.50±3.25)分;不同家庭月收入、家庭功能情况、连带病耻感情况及不同患儿病程主要照顾者间ZBI评分比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。线性回归分析结果显示,家庭月收入、家庭功能、连带病耻感及患儿病程是肾病综合征患儿主要照顾者照顾负担的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论肾病综合征患儿主要照顾者普遍存在轻度负担,家庭月收入、家庭功能、连带病耻感及患儿病程是肾病综合征患儿主要照顾者照顾负担的影响因素。

血清TXNIP、sTREM-1、BMP-7水平变化与原发性肾病综合征患者疾病转归的关系

目的 探讨血清硫氧还蛋白相互作用蛋白(TXNIP)、可溶性髓系细胞触发受体-1(sTREM-1)、骨形态发生蛋白-7(BMP-7)水平变化与原发性肾病综合征(PNS)患者疾病转归的相关性。方法 选取医院2019年4月至2022年4月收治的91例PNS患者为研究组,同期91例健康体检者为对照组,比较两组入院时血清TXNIP、sTREM-1、BMP-7、肾功能指标[尿素氮(BUN)、血肌酐(Scr)、尿酸(UA)]水平,分析血清各指标水平与肾功能的相关性;比较复发和未复发患者(入院时、治疗3个月、6个月后)血清各指标水平;分析治疗后血清各指标水平联合预测PNS患者复发的价值,分析各指标不同水平患者复发危险度。结果 入院时研究组血清TXNIP、sTREM-1高于对照组,血清BMP-7低于对照组(P<0.05);入院时研究组血清BUN、Scr、UA高于对照组(P<0.05);入院时血清TXNIP、sTREM-1水平与BUN、Scr、UA水平均呈正相关,血清BMP-7水平与BUN、Scr、UA水平均呈负相关(P<0.05);入院时、治疗3个月、6个月后复发患者血清TXNIP、sTREM-1水平高于未复发患者,BMP-7水平低于未复发患者(P<0.05);治疗3、6个月后血清各指标联合预测PNS患者复发价值大于单独预测;治疗3、6个月后血清各指标高水平患者复发危险度是低水平的1.906、2.114、0.581倍/2.571、3.222、0.480倍。结论 血清TXNIP、sTREM-1、BMP-7水平与PNS患者病情程度密切相关,可作为评估PNS病情转归的有效指标。