Research on Risk Identification and Industrial Governance of Digital Education Products Based on Data Annotation Technology

The social transformation brought aboutby digital technology is deeply impacting various industries.Digital education products, with core technologiessuch as 5G, AI, IoT (Internet of Things),etc., are continuously penetrating areas such as teaching,management, and evaluation. Apps, miniprograms,and emerging large-scale models are providingexcellent knowledge performance and flexiblecross-media output. However, they also exposerisks such as content discrimination and algorithmcommercialization. This paper conducts anevidence-based analysis of digital education productrisks from four dimensions: “digital resourcesinformationdissemination-algorithm design-cognitiveassessment”. It breaks through corresponding identificationtechnologies and, relying on the diverse characteristicsof governance systems, explores governancestrategies for digital education products from the threedomains of “regulators-developers-users”.

Application of Data Governance Models in the Context of the Digital Economy

In the context of the digital economy,the volume of data is growing exponentially,the types of data are becoming more diverse,and its value is increasing,often providing critical support for decision-making by enterprises and government institutions.Effective data governance is a crucial tool for maximizing data value and mitigating data risks.This article examines the application of data governance models in the digital economy,aiming to offer technical insights and guidance for data-driven enterprises and governments in China.By elevating their data governance standards in the new era,this approach will comprehensively enhance their ability to harness digital value and ensure security in the digital economy,ultimately driving the continued growth of both the digital economy and society.

Digital Development Rights in Developing Countries:Where the Governance Rules for Cross-Border Data Flows

The digital development rights in developing countries are based on establishing a new international economic order and ensuring equal participation in the digital globalization process to achieve people's well-rounded development in the digital society.The relationship between cross-border data flows and the realization of digital development rights in developing countries is quite complex.Currently,developing countries seek to safeguard their existing digital interests through unilateral regulation to protect data sovereignty and multilateral regulation for cross-border data cooperation.However,developing countries still have to face internal conflicts between national digital development rights and individual and corporate digital development rights during the process of realizing digital development rights.They also encounter external contradictions such as developed countries interfering with developing countries'data sovereignty,developed countries squeezing the policy space of developing countries through dominant rules,and developing countries having conflicts between domestic and international rules.This article argues that balancing openness and security on digital trade platforms is the optimal solution for developing countries to realize their digital development rights.The establishment of WTO digital trade rules should inherently reflect the fundamental demands of developing countries in cross-border data flows.At the same time,given China's dual role as a digital powerhouse and a developing country,it should actively promote the realization of digital development rights in developing countries.

Industrial Organization in the Digital Economy Era:Evolution and Effects

Advances in digital technology and vast data applications have resulted in the emergence of the digital economy paradigm,which is a new techno-economic paradigm for the digital economy age.Under this paradigm,the industrial organization has shifted toward networked,platform-based,boundaryless,and integrated development with new characteristics.Specifically,there has been a fierce“positional arms race”fueled by financial capital,accelerating the growth of platform companies.The“hierarchical monopolistic competition”market structure has taken shape,resulting in a“coexistence without disruption”monopolistic competition.As platform businesses expand into new business sectors,competition among industrial ecosystems intensifies.Data and algorithms have become secret weapons for corporate success,allowing platform companies to expand their monopolistic forces.Industrial organization in the digital era has revolutionized the operating rules and logic of industrial economy,giving rise to new industries,business models,and paradigms,as well as being conducive to international cooperation and intelligent regulation.Meanwhile,it has introduced new challenges to socioeconomic development,making platform companies’anti-competitive and monopolistic behaviors more implicit,privacy and security concerns more conspicuous,and antitrust identification and investigation more difficult.The government should embrace the evolving trends of industrial organization in the digital economy era,accelerate regulatory transition,and strengthen governance and regulation under the digital economy paradigm.

A Study of the European Union’s Path for Constructing Digital Governance Rules and the Logical Implications of the Path

The European Union(EU)seeks to build a Europe fit for the digital age.For this purpose,the EU has accelerated the process of catching up with digital technology and issued a number of legal and regulatory documents to establish a digital governance rule regime with EU characteristics.This paper analyzes the EU’s path towards the construction of digital governance rules.This path is composed of three aspects,i.e.,strict digital supervision,differentiation of the free market,and multi-stakeholder governance.This three-step path has intrinsic logical implications.That is,strict digital supervision is applied to defend the EU’s unified market and values;differentiation of the free market takes the principle of adequate protection as the core to make the EU an exporter of rules;multi-stakeholder governance brings multiple stakeholders together in the governance to deal with the ethical anomie that arises during the use of big data.By setting up a series of digital governance rules,the EU seeks to achieve rule dominance to gain regulatory power for global digital governance.However,due to multiple constraints,there is a long way to go,and there are obstacles in the way.

Building International Consensus and Working Together to Advance the Development of the Global Human Rights Cause—Summary of Academic Views at the Forum on Global Human Rights Governance

On June 14-15,2023,the Forum on Global Human Rights Governance,jointly hosted by the State Council Information Office,the Ministry of Foreign Affairs,and the China International Development Cooperation Agency,was held in Beijing under the theme of“Equality,Cooperation and Development:The 30th Anniversary of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action and Global Human Rights Governance.”Participants conducted in-depth discussions and exchanges on topics such as“International Cooperation and Global Human Rights Governance,”“Global Development Initiative and the Realization of the Right to Development”,“Global Security Initiative and Human Rights Protection,”“UN Human Rights Mechanisms and Global Human Rights Governance,”and“Human Rights Protection in the Digital Age.”The event helped build international consensus and yielded fruitful achievements.

Influence mechanism of government subsidy on the green transformation of coal company in China

The optimization of government subsidies to enhance the efficiency of coal companies’green transformation constitutes a critical component in the pursuit of global sustainability.We investigate the influence mechanism of government subsidies on the green transformation using data from the listed coal companies in China from 2007 to 2022.According to our findings and hypothesis testing,previous government subsidies did not have a significant direct impact on coal companies’green transformation.Nevertheless,government subsidies can help coal companies transition to greener practices by promoting innovative green initiatives.Furthermore,we confirmed an indirect route:that government subsidies enable the adoption of low-carbon initiatives,which in turn could facilitate the transition of coal companies towards green practices.In addition,we discovered that the coal company’s digitization will improve this indirect route.Thus,we propose increasing the effectiveness of government subsidies in facilitating coal companies’transition to green practices by focusing on technological advancements and enhancing company digitalization.

Digital Transformation and the Frontier of China's State Governance

Digital transformation has emerged as a significant area of interest for scholars in global political science and public administration.The advancement of digital technologies is driving a comprehensive transformation across the economy,society,and governance,thereby profoundly affecting the state governance of China.The introduction of new technologies has altered traditional power dynamics,leading to centralization and empowerment-the power redistribution issue of the digital era,which is a fundamental concern in China's state governance.The effects of technological power,including empowerment and disempowerment of various entities,give rise to or reinforce four secondary issues:the problem of data silos and collaborative governance in internal government operations,the challenges related to technological deficits and platform regulation in market regulation,the issues of the digital divide and social justice in social governance,and concerns about privacy,transparency,and rights asymmetry.This paper integrates specific cases from China's digital transformation and digital government initiatives to examine these cuttingedge issues and to analyze the impact of digital government reforms implemented by local Chinese governments on traditional government theories.

Multiple Effects and Intrinsic Logic in Reshaping the Paradigm of Government Governance Through Digital Technology

Digital technology is profoundly shaping the Chinese governance paradigm.This study presents a multilayered theoretical model comprising the"tool empowerment layer-organizational change layer-system upgrading layer"to elucidate the impacts and underlying logic of digital technology in reshaping this governance paradigm,showing that it is undergoing spiral advancement and incremental optimization.Central-local relations show a transition from"top-down decentralization"to"unified integration";the intergovernmental structural paradigm shows a transition from"congruent responsibilities"to"integrated collaboration";risk governance shows a transition from"reactive response"to"proactive prevention";interface communication shows a transition from"vague delay"to"agile governance";and finally,resource allocation shows a transition from"unidirectional allocation"to"bidirectional coupling."These transitions underscore three key logics:technological tool empowerment,organizational adaptive learning,and systemic evolution.The integration of digital technology into government governance is not only reshaping state-society relations but also promoting a dynamic,interconnected,and adaptable governance ecosystem,facilitating harmonious progress between the state and society.

Digital Public Relations in the Russian Governmental Communication： 2011-2012 Typology and General Situation

The paper deals with the development of digital public relations （PRs） in the Russian govemmental communications in the years of 2011-2012. Empirical study is based on the content-analysis of on-line public activities of Russian federal governmental bodies and regional governors in October-November, 2011. It has shown the coexistence of two basic models of governmental communication in the Russian Federation--old-fashioned bureaucratic and new interactive.

Digital technology-driven smart society governance mechanism and practice exploration

A smart society is an advanced form of society following agricultural society,industrial society,and information society,with digital data processing system as its main carrier.However,the governance of a smart society still faces many challenges.In view of this problem,first,this research constructs a smart society governance modernization strategy.Second,the innovation mode of a society governance mechanism driven by digital technology is proposed,including the precise intellectual control of a digital twin,the intelligent ubiquitous sensing of the Internet of Things,the empowerment remodeling of a blockchain and the livelihood service of artificial intelligence.Third,this study systematically explores the practice of smart society governance modernization from the aspects of basic information platform construction,evaluation system construction,application demonstration of epidemic prevention and control driven by big data,support of spatial intelligence and artificial intelligence technology for people’s livelihood,smart campus,public resources,and data governance application demonstration to provide theoretical guidance for promoting digital technology innovation in the process of the governance of a smart society.

Analysis of Factors that Affect Government Digitization:A Pilot Case Study of Pakistan

One of the greatest factors that affects the economic condition of a country is its institutions.In the model of good governance,the primary elements for stronger institution include efficiency,transparency,and accountability;and technology plays a major role in improving these elements.However,there are myriad of challenges when it comes to practical integration of technology in these institutions for efficiency.It is more challenging when a country is developing and one that is already weak economically.It is also important to mention that the challenges of digitization in public sector is not limited to developing countries only.It is equally challenging,even today,in already developed countries to digitally transform their public institutions for improved policymaking and for responsive service delivery.Many factors contribute to the failure of such digitization initiatives,more so within developing countries.And the purpose of this paper is to identify those factors,to measure the significance of each of those factors,and to realize and overcome them.This research considered the case study of Pakistan;however,the results are very likely to match the conditions of other developing regions around the world.Through questionnaires and interviews,valuable feedback was gathered from up to 25 senior government officers that are closely associated with digitization initiatives in public sector.The feedback to the questions were overall unanimous.The results indicate the most significant of factors that affect government digitization in this developing region,including some factors that were not expected.

Probing into Solutions to Digital Divide:China's Perspective

Since we have entered the informational epoch, the general application of information technology originates various kinds of effects that are divided into positive part and negative part, which the research of digital divide in the disabled group is raised under this background.In modern society, the disabled is an absolutely weak group which confronts the circumstance that is hard to adapt to when they face up with the impact in informational era for their physical or psychological disabilities. Strictly speaking, the issue of digital divide in the disabled group is part of the negative effect which is brought in by information technology. Meanwhile, it is a branch of digital divide issue. But the concern and solution for the digital divide issue embody a government's attitude and deed towards the new problem in the informational epoch, meanwhile they show esteem to the human rights and social equity in the new era.This article first describes and discusses the digital divide issue of the disabled group in China. Then, it focuses on the solutions or actions that Chinese local governments take towards the issue. Finally, it introduces Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act as a reference to China from the legislative perspective.

图书馆阅读推广数字化转型:内涵特征、行动框架与实现路径

加快推进图书馆阅读推广数字化转型,是应对时代挑战并赋能中国式现代化的必然选择。图书馆阅读推广数字化转型是将数字技术融入到阅读推广领域,并推动图书馆阅读推广全方位创新与变革,具有转型发展的复杂性、长期性,转型目标及过程的阶段性,转型结果的价值性等特点。同时运用系统思维方法从“谁来转”“如何转”“转什么”“转去哪”4个维度,构建图书馆阅读推广数字化转型的行动框架。最后提出重视阅读推广数字化转型的顶层制度设计与系统规划;建立数字生态共同体,强化阅读推广主体间的协同共进;立足智慧图书馆发展规模和阶段,实行差异化转型模式等路径。

数字政府赋能产业结构升级——基于电子政务综合试点的拟自然实验

本文以2018年开展的电子政务综合试点政策为拟自然实验,利用双重差分计量模型探讨数字政府对产业结构升级的影响及其作用机制。实证结果显示,电子政务综合试点政策的实施显著促进产业结构的合理化和高级化,这一结论经识别检验、稳健性检验和PSM-DID估计后依然成立。异质性分析发现,电子政务综合试点对沿海地区产业结构的影响强于内陆地区,对城市群地区产业结构的影响强于非城市群地区。基于传递效应模型的机制分析表明,数字政府通过优化资源配置促进产业结构的合理化,通过鼓励大众创业提升产业结构的高级化。因此,应以电子政务综合试点为契机,加快数字政府建设、提高政府治理效能,以推动产业结构转型升级。

企业数字化转型与政府数字化治理对创新“提质增量”的协同影响机制研究

基于数字化赋能理论,以2016—2021年396家高技术制造业上市公司为样本,从微观和宏观两个维度出发探究企业数字化转型和政府数字化治理赋能企业创新“提质增量”的作用机理,并采用多项式回归、响应面分析及块变量分析技术剖析其交互协同机制,明晰数字经济推动企业创新“提质增量”的多维路径,研究结果表明:(1)企业数字化转型能促进企业创新“增量”,不能促进创新“提质”;政府数字化治理能促进企业创新“提质增量”。(2)企业数字化转型和政府数字化治理存在交互协同效应,能显著促进企业创新“提质增量”,并且在平衡状态下,二者处于双高水平时企业创新表现更好,在非平衡状态下,呈现政府数字化治理的“主导逻辑”。(3)政企之间的交互协同可以通过降低管理性交易成本,缓解信息不对称性来促进企业创新“提质增量”。研究结论丰富了数字经济与企业创新相关研究,为企业走出创新“轻质量、重数量”困境提供了新的路径,为政府部门落实数字经济政策和优化创新环境提供了新的参考。

论数字经济推动新质生产力形成的路径

本文采用2013~2022年我国31个省(区、市)的面板数据,建立固定效应模型,从数据要素化、数字产业化、产业数字化、数字治理4个维度出发,实证检验了我国数字经济对新质生产力形成的影响及作用机制。研究发现,数字经济对新质生产力的形成有显著的正向影响,且在我国东部地区最为明显,中部地区次之,西部地区较为不明显。灰色关联度分析表明,战略性新兴产业和未来产业发展基础与我国新质生产力水平关联度最强。考察作用机制发现,数字产业化、产业数字化、数字治理是我国数字经济发展推动新质生产力形成的有效路径。大力发展数字化产业,促进数字技术创新;加快产业数字化转型升级,构建现代产业体系;提升数字治理能力,缩小新质生产力地区差距,成为推动我国新质生产力形成的重要政策启示。

高等教育数字治理:数字化时代的高等教育治理范型

高等教育数字治理是数字化时代最重要的高等教育治理范型,是数字技术与高等教育治理理论和实践相结合而催生的新型治理范式。数字治理能够对多场景、全过程的高等教育管理数据进行关联、交叉、分析、整合,促进教育治理过程科学化,突破传统教育治理中“暗箱”问题。学界关于高等教育数字治理的概念阐释主要形成了数据安全论、技术赋能论、场域整合论等三种学术论说,分别从不同的侧面诠释了高等教育数字治理的内涵与特征等。数字治理在提升高等教育治理水平和能力方面至关重要,体现为实现治理主体高效互动、提升循证治理能力和优化精准服务水平等多个方面。同时,高等教育数字治理也有自身的局限性,主要表现为数字安全风险、教育正义危机、数据孤岛、形式化治理、学术求真精神式微等。高等教育数字治理是一项系统工程,需要从强化理性认知、优化治理结构、聚合治理动能、适配治理机制等四个层面重新构建与优化高等教育数字治理生态,实现高等教育数字治理能力的全方位提升。

数字化转型对制造业企业创新效率的门槛效应研究

数字化转型可以突破研发资源配置时空边界,赋能制造业企业创新发展,但潜在的数字鸿沟问题也可能会加剧企业创新的不确定性。鉴于此,利用文本挖掘技术构造数字化转型指数,系统考察数字化转型对制造业企业创新效率的影响效应及作用机制,并选取2007—2022年中国A股制造业上市公司的微观数据进行实证分析。研究发现:数字化转型对制造业企业创新效率具有显著的门槛效应;对于大多数制造业企业来说,其数字化转型水平低于门槛值,数字化转型是提升制造业企业创新效率的助力,而非阻力;人力资本和公司治理是数字化转型影响制造业企业创新效率的传导路径。进一步研究发现,数字化转型对创新效率的门槛效应在国有企业和资本技术密集型制造业企业中更明显。研究结论为合理评估中国制造业推进数字化转型战略的实施效果提供了新视角,对国家充分发挥数字化转型战略与创新驱动发展战略的合力效应也具有政策启示意义。

全球数字治理赤字:表现、成因与中国的应对

随着数字技术与数字经济的高速发展,当前全球数字治理体系远不能满足国际社会对全球数字治理的需求,全球数字治理赤字已然显现。全球数字治理赤字集中体现在两方面:一是器物、制度及理念等治理基础的供给赤字,主要表现为全球数字鸿沟进一步拉大、制度建设缺失严重、主导理念严重滞后;二是治理运作中的效果赤字,主要表现为数字霸权主义、数字保护主义和数字帝国主义。全球数字治理赤字的形成来自治理环境、治理主体和治理对象的共同作用。面对严峻的全球数字治理赤字,中国挺膺担当,通过深化数字基础设施、数字贸易和数字人才合作来提升全球互联互通水平和弥合全球数字鸿沟;通过主动创设治理机制、先行探索治理规范以及积极参与国际数字规则对接来提升全球数字制度建设水平;通过倡导共商共建共享的全球治理观,推动数字命运共同体的构建,在全球数字治理理念方面贡献中国智慧。