Oscillation of Systems of Parabolic Differential Equations with Deviating Arguments

To study a class of boundary value problems of parabolic differential equations with deviating arguments, averaging technique, Green’s formula and symbol function sign(·) are used. The multi dimensional problem was reduced to a one dimensional oscillation problem for ordinary differential equations or inequalities. Two oscillatory criteria of solutions for systems of parabolic differential equations with deviating arguments are obtained.

On a Class of Second Order Differential Inequality with Continuous Distributed Deviating Arguments

Aim To study properties of solutions to a class of second order differential inequality with continuous distributed deviating arguments. Methods A direct analysis technique was used. Results and Conclusion Some sufficient conditions that ensure a class of second order delay differential inequality having no eventually positive solutions were obtained, which generalized some given results. Using the results, some oscillatory criteria for solutions of the hyperbolic equation with distributed deviating arguments can be established.

Periodic Solutions of Mixed Type p-Laplacian Equations with Deviating Arguments

Based on Mansevich-Mawhin continuation theorem and some analysis skill,some sufficient conditions for the existence of periodic solutions for mixed type p-Laplacian equation with deviating arguments are established,which are complement of previously known results.

FLIP AND N-S BIFURCATION BEHAVIOR OF A PREDATOR-PREY MODEL WITH PIECEWISE CONSTANT ARGUMENTS AND TIME DELAY

In this paper, the stability and bifurcation behaviors of a predator-prey model with the piecewise constant arguments and time delay are investigated. Technical approach is fully based on Jury criterion and bifurcation theory. The interesting point is that the model will produce two different branches by limiting branch parameters of different intervals. Besides, image simulation is also given.

ASYMPTOTIC EQUIVALENCE OF ALTERNATELY ADVANCED AND DELAYED DIFFERENTIAL SYSTEMS WITH PIECEWISE CONSTANT GENERALIZED ARGUMENTS

In this paper, we investigate the existence, uniqueness and the asymptotic equiv- alence of a linear system and a perturbed system of differential equations with piecewise alternately advanced and retarded argument of generalized type （DEPCAG）. This is based in the study of an equivalent integral equation with Cauchy and Green matrices type and in a solution of a DEPCAG integral inequality of Gronwall type. Several examples are also given to show the feasibility of results.

New Criteria for Oscillation of Vector Parabolic Equations with Continuous Distribution Arguments

The oscillations of a class of vector parabolic partial differential equations with continuous distribution arguments are studied.By employing the concept of H-oscillation and the method of reducing dimension with inner product,the multi-dimensional oscillation problems are changed into the problems of which one-dimensional functional differential inequalities have not eventually positive solution.Some new sufficient conditions for the H-oscillation of all solutions of the equations are obtained under Dirichlet boundary condition,where H is a unit vector of RM.

Generalized Central Factorial Numbers with Odd Arguments

In this paper, we consider r-generalization of the central factorial numbers with odd arguments of the first and second kind. Mainly, we obtain various identities and properties related to these numbers. Matrix representation and the relation between these numbers and Pascal matrix are given. Furthermore, the distributions of the signless r-central factorial numbers are derived. In addition, connections between these numbers and the Legendre-Stirling numbers are given.

Further Oscillation Results for a Class of Hyperbolic Equations with Continuous Distributed Deviating Arguments

A class of hyperbolic equations with continuous distributed deviating arguments is considered and its oscillation theorems are discussed.These theorems are of higher degree of generality and deal with the cases which are not covered by the known criteria.Particularly,these criteria extend and unify a number of existing results.

Oscillation of Differential Equations with Deviating Arguments

In this paper we establish new oscillation criteria for all solution of the first order differential equation with deviating argument. Our result can be applied to the case when coefficients and deviating arguments are oscillatory and essentially improve the known results in the literature.

New Results on Oscillation of even Order Neutral Differential Equations with Deviating Arguments

In this paper, we point out some small mistakes in [6] and revise them, we obtain some new oscillation results for certain even order neutral differential equations with deviating arguments. Our results extend and improve many known oscillation criteria because the article just generalizes Meng and Xu’s results.

Analytical Approach to Differential Equations with Piecewise Continuous Arguments via Modified Piecewise Variational Iteration Method

In the present article, we apply the modified piecewise variational iteration method to obtain the approximate analytical solutions of the differential equations with piecewise continuous arguments. This technique provides a sequence of functions which converges to the exact solution of the problem. Moreover, this method reduces the volume of calculations because it does not need discretization of the variables, linearization or small perturbations. The results seem to show that the method is very reliable and convenient for solving such equations.

Political Reasoning and the Typology of Arguments in the Context of Political Philosophy

The main purpose of this article is to present the initial phase of the project in the field of argumentation theory and political philosophy. Project concerns studies of different types of rationality in the context of the argumentation. Background consideration is the problem of incommensurability and incompatibility types of rationality in political and ideological disputes. The first step is the establishment of a category of argumentative potential as a criterion for the typology of argument, which will build a map of argumentation, which will provide a starting point for a discussion. Apart from demonstrating the disproportion of discourses, the conclusion of the argument is to prove the local character of rationality.

A two-phase system call arguments attribute analyzing method

To detect more attacks aiming at key security data in program behavior-based anomaly detection,the data flow properties were formulated as unary and binary relations on system call arguments.A new method named two-phrase analysis(2PA)is designed to analyze the efficient relation dependency,and its description as well as advantages are discussed.During the phase of static analysis,a dependency graph was constructed according to the program's data dependency graph,which was used in the phase of dynamic learning to learn specified binary relations.The constructed dependency graph only stores the information of related arguments and events,thus improves the efficiency of the learning algorithm and reduces the size of learned relation dependencies.Performance evaluations show that the new method is more efficient than existing methods.

Locke’s Tolerance Theory and the Workmanship Argument

John Locke’s tolerance theory involves the core issue of the relationship between reason and belief in the philosophy of religion.However,there is always controversy over whether the scope of adaptation of this theory is within a religion,between religions,or in a broader field.Considering that the overall moral approach of Locke’s philosophy requires the workmanship argument as a defense,and examining it from this point of view,it can be found that Locke’s efforts to transcend Creationism with this argument have resulted in a successful breakthrough,which makes tolerance not only a religion topic,but also a social principle.

Human Rights-based Argumentation in Climate Change Lawsuits

Climate change lawsuits represented by strategic litigation have become a new force to promote global climate governance. Among them, using the norms and theories of human rights law to present litigation claims, conduct legal reasoning, and form human rights-based argumentation has been one of the most successful strategies for climate change lawsuits. The Paris Agreement marked a major watershed for human rights-based argumentation in climate change lawsuits: Before the signing of the Agreement, human rights-based argumentation in climate change lawsuits remained in its trial stage;since the signing of the Paris Agreement, as a litigation strategy, it has become more flexible and diversified, as its relationship with climate governance is becoming increasingly complicated. The uncertainty of climate legal obligation and the process of legalization of climate targets have fostered new dimensions for human rights-based argumentation: Shifting from an accountability logic to a litigation strategy, from international law to domestic law, from holding governments accountable to holding enterprises accountable. There are micro, medium, and macro paths to clarify the human rights-based argumentation, all leading to truly integrating human rights perspectives and ideas into a nation’s specific process of climate governance and valuing and leveraging the value of human rights-based argumentation as a tool, so as to achieve the goal of climate governance.

基于案例推理的法律人工智能建模——以海波案例系统的法律解析为中心

案例推理系统采取符号主义的路径进行法律人工智能建模,运用逻辑学的方法刻画案例推理的过程,但是,传统逻辑工具难以对案例推理过程中的可废止过程进行刻画和表达。运用论证理论中的论证型式工具,对经典案例推理系统海波的工作原理进行解析,可重构案例推理系统的逻辑模型,明确案例推理系统的智能界限。基于案例推理系统逻辑模型的解析,反思当下司法实践中的类案系统,可证立人工智能辅助司法的基本原则。

论受众预期与司法裁判的契合度不足及实践应对

新修辞学的受众理论表明,司法裁判是一种受约束的理性论证过程,裁判者要考虑受众的预期并反过来修正自己的说理论证,增强裁判可接受性。实践中,受众预期和司法裁判结果之间存在契合度不足现象,因而对司法裁判可能形成微观与宏观的诸多影响,既在个案裁判中直接影响当事人的诉讼策略及公众对案件的评判,乃至影响法官的考核,也在宏观上影响法治社会中公众对司法活动的整体评价。基于对受众预期的重视,法官在完成司法审判活动及作出裁判的过程中,不仅要预测性地思考如何说服案件当事人,还要考虑如何让判决结果尽量为其他旁观者理解和接受,在法律制度既定的情况下基于司法活动本质要求探索前瞻性应对机制。

二语学习者以续促学的能力

语言是通过“续”学会的,语言学习的高效率也可以通过“续”实现。学习者如果能提高以续促学的能力,基于续论的外语教学效果就会更加明显。那么,以续促学的能力包含哪些要素?二语学习者以续促学能力的研究理据是什么?在外语教学中,应当如何培养学习者以续促学的能力?为回答这些问题,推动基于续论的外语教学理论和实践的创新,本文首次提出续能的概念,并分析其基本特征和构成要素,梳理当前以续促学能力研究的认知和实证理据,讨论续能研究的价值及续能培养的途径。

气候司法本土化的三重逻辑:规范、价值和功能

在全球气候治理司法化转型的背景下,中国司法系统在应对气候变化中呈现出全面积极的态度。气候司法作为环境司法专门化的新领域,亟须形成体系性的本土化方案。气候司法本土化的核心要义在于彰显主体性,需要将气候司法的概念体系、功能定位、审判机制、裁判体系与规则等置于中国法治现代化特定背景和社会结构条件之中予以把握,其内在逻辑是涵括规范体系、价值序列和功能定位的动态体系。当前,中国气候司法规范体系中的多层次立法呈现间接、倡导属性,且多元化司法规范创制不足,体系化任务尚未完成,继而诱导出气候司法规范的周延性困境和融贯性难题。在此情形下,气候司法所保护法益的识别和核心价值尚未被清晰地析出,且科学上的不确定性、政策权衡、经济诱因等诸多外部因素限制着对气候变化案件的价值判断。这些都深刻地影响气候司法作为公益型司法与治理型司法的双重功能定位和发展方向。为此,气候司法本土化的方式与进路需要基于规范、价值和功能三重逻辑及其呈现的问题或要求展开。首先,强化多重规范秩序的塑造,从公私法协同出发推动气候变化立法体系化,通过强化次级气候司法规范凝聚共识,借助多元法律解释方法提升气候司法规范体系的融通性。其次,以利益为核心建构法律论证的权威,通过涉碳利益的衡量强化裁判的实质理由,通过气候环境利益的多维保护强化裁判的开放性,通过外在因素与法律因素的平衡强化裁判的权威理由。最后,精准塑造气候司法的双重功能,以风险预防原则构建预防性公益型气候司法,以政策的司法化构建服务于“双碳”目标的治理型气候司法。

基于续论的二语词汇习得研究述评

基于续论的续写任务为外语教学提供了新思路,续写任务对二语词汇的促学效果也已经得到了大量实证研究的验证。本文对现有的基于续论的二语词汇习得研究进行了回顾与探讨,首先讨论了续写促学词汇的理论依据,然后分析现有研究在任务类型、研究范式及影响促学效果的因素等方面的特点。研究发现:(1)基于续论的二语词汇习得研究采用的续写任务类型较为单一,缺少多轮续写、交叉续写等形式的应用,尚未完全发挥出续写任务的促学潜力;(2)现有研究往往仅从词汇知识深度或质量的角度测量词汇知识,忽略了词汇流利度的作用;(3)现有研究主要考察了互动强度和外语水平等因素对续写任务促学效果的影响,对学习者认知与情感因素的关注不足。在此基础上,本文分析了基于续论的二语词汇习得研究的发展方向及趋势,以期为续论在外语教学中的应用研究提供一定的参考。