The Impact of“Fintech+Financial Regulation”Matching Level on Financial Risk:Evidence from China

Preventing financial risk is an important topic that academic circles and the government have paid attention to for a long time.The development of fintech and the improvement of financial regulation will affect the level of financial risk.The relationship between the degree of matching between fintech and financial regulation and financial risk is explored,which is crucial for reducing financial risk.Panel data from 31 provinces in China from 2011 to 2020 is used to explore the impact of fintech and financial regulatory matching levels on financial risk.The study finds that the improved matching level between fintech and financial regulation helps reduce financial risk.The degree of matching between fintech and financial regulation affects financial risk through financial efficiency.

Research on Cooperation Mechanism of China's Financial Regulation and Supervision System

Financial regulation and supervision is an important subject in finance research. After the U. S. subprime mortgage crisis,the weakness in this field becomes the research focus. Every country attaches importance to strengthen the financial supervision and management. But the financial regulatory system is a large system,and the process of model building and index selection is very complicated. A model for China's financial regulation and supervision system was proposed and a system evaluation method was improved. A more exact result was drawn by choosing 2003- 2009 index data.

Existing Problems and Countermeasures in Financial Securities Market Regulation

At the present stage,with the continuous development of social economy and science and technology,China's financial and securities industry has gradually developed.As an important part of China's socialist economic market,including the financial and securities industry,therefore,to a certain extent,the development of the financial securities industry has promoted the prosperity and development of China's economy.In other words,strengthening the management of financial securities market regulation can promote the sustainable development of the securities industry,thereby promoting the rapid development of China's economy.This paper mainly discusses and expounds some problems existing in the current process of financial securities market regulation,and proposes solutions to it,hoping to be helpful to the financial securities industry.

State Council Issued the “Regulations on the Control of Foreign Funded Financial Institutions”

The Xinhua News Agency has released the full text of the No.340 order of the State Council signed by Premier Zhu Rongji, on the publication of the Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on the Control of Foreign Funded Financial Institutions, which will take effect on the date of February 1 in 2002.

Regulatory intervention rescued China from the impact of the global financial crisis

Following the order of events, this paper makes a systematic and comprehensive summary of how the global financial crisis of 2008 affected China. It includes an econometric assessment using by-industry and by-region data, and describes the role of government regulation from a new perspective. China's economic recovery is a result of regulatory intervention, and enhancing economic momentum created conditions for such intervention to phase out.

Financial innovation and its governance:Cases of two major innovations in the financial sector

The power of financial innovations to affect societies on global and intergenerational levels compels us to ask how we can ensure their responsible emergence in society.This requires an understanding of how innovation occurs and how it is governed in practice.Despite this,there is little research on the process and governance of financial innovation.The few studies conducted in this area have focused on the‘backend’of the innovation process.Therefore,using data from secondary sources,this study investigates how two major financial innovations occurred and were governed,and it discusses the findings in relation to those in the literature.This approach revealed that innovation processes fall within a continuum ranging from structured to unstructured.Moreover,lead times are potentially longer for innovations that are significantly disruptive,new to the market,and technological in nature.Finally,innovation processes can involve multiple stakeholders who use both statutory regulation and self-regulation for innovation governance.This paper concludes that innovation processes and their governance can vary significantly according to different areas of the financial landscape and associated innovation contexts.Thus,there is a need for more empirical work to understand such variability and practices in the sector as a whole.

Global Fintech Regulation and Its Reform Trends

Propelled by a combination of policy enablers,increasing investments,and the COVID-19 pandemic,the global financial technology(fintech) industry has entered a period of rapid growth in recent years.Yet it is important to note that poor regulation and weak supervision might produce risks and shocks to financial stability,business competition,social equity,and environmental resources.The encouraging approach toward fintech development adopted by major global economies over the past decade has ignored regulation to varying degrees,resulting in unbalanced and inadequate supervision,which has been falling short of meeting public concerns effectively.Since 2019,international discussions on how to regulate fintech have become more and more heated.It has been widely agreed that,to regulate fintech effectively,three pillars must be established—data,competition,and financial regulatory rules.Given the increasing challenges posed by large technology firms (big techs)to financial regulation,this paper proposes to prioritize entity-based regulation,with a focus on reforming the rules concerning operational resilience and competition.China should keep a close eye on international trends and learn to devise appropriate rules for entity-based regulation,which will prove necessary to guide the steady,sound,and sustainable development of its fintech industry.

Risk and Regulation of Chinese Online Investment Products

The emergence of Yu＇E Bao and the like provides Chinese investors with a new and flexible investment option. Such new investment instrument forces up the cost of capital of local banks and also takes away the market share from them. Yu＇E Bao has allocated most investments in inter-bank money market due to the liquidity concerns. This study investigates Yu＇E Bao＇s portfolio allocation and potential risk, and also provides policy implications for regulators. The research findings suggest that regulators should issue more provisions to further regulate the operation of online investment products and keep the liquidity risk under control, i.e. require money market funds to hold more capital in reserve on a gradual basis. By examining the case of Yu＇E Bao, a new online investment product in China, this study sheds light on the recent financial development and reform of China.

Hungarian Economic Policy Measures After the 2008 Financial Crisis

The 1923 Global Economic Crisis （also called ＂The Great Depression＂） that had hit the whole world, caused the economists and politicians to see more clearly. As it has become obvious several times after World War II., deep changes were needed to be done concerning economic processes. In those times, many smaller crises had risen in different countries, affecting their micro-economic structures, however neither of them had such widespread effects as the Global Financial Crisis in 2008, that has struck several economic sectors, most of all, the finance industry. Numerous studies had been carried out, examining the causes and consequences of the 2008 Crisis. In this study the authors will give an organized overview on the circumstances that characterized the outbreak of the crisis, and focus on the impacts of the events, in particular, its effects on Hungary. To manage the crisis, each country used different economic approaches, took different measures, but the main concept, that economic processes needed strict regulations, was globally accepted, or at least, identified. Regulation of the financial sector, more specifically, of accounting standards was and is of paramount importance. At the outbreak of the crisis, Hungarian economy had been in a unique situation, and directly after 2008, Hungarian economic indicators showed a more favorable economic state compared to Western European countries. This has occurred because of the government＇s stabilization fiscal and economic policies in the years preceding the depression, when they had been trying to compensate the financial and economic decisions made during the previous years. But these indicators soon have changed and began to demonstrate a more realistic picture and showed the true economic state of the country. Besides the financial area, the Crisis had affected-on account of foreign currency lending--a wide range of the Hungarian society as well.

Investigating the Financial Crisis in 2008 from the Perspective of Banking Systems

The financial crisis of 2008 precipitated by credit issues in the US housing market is probably one of the most profound financial events in recorded history.Its shockwaves have significantly affected almost every market centre as well as country in the world.The aim of this report is accordingly to investigate major reasons behind the crisis from a special angle of banking systems.In particular,problems hidden in regulations,mechanisms and systems in the wake of the financial crisis are focused specifically in this report.

Financial Sustainability Among Higher Education Institutions in the United States

This article explores the challenges of financial sustainability faced by higher education institutions in the United States.Against a backdrop of stringent state and federal regulations coupled with a decline in financial support,institutions are grappling with a shifting landscape.The paper delves into the intricacies of state regulations and funding policies,highlighting their impact on educational establishments.Furthermore,strategies for financial sustainability,including student attraction and retention,are discussed.The article concludes by underscoring the duality of regulations as both challenges and essential resources,suggesting a potential shift towards greater autonomy and a reshaping of the educational landscape in response to modern challenges.

Impact of Punitive Supervision on Corporate Financial Performance

Financial performance is an indicator to measure the strength of a company’s business operation capability,which is of great concern to enterprise managers,external investors,and government regulators.Based on the data of Chinese listed companies from 2012 to 2016,this paper included government administrative penalties regulation into the study of factors influencing corporate financial performance and conducted an empirical analysis.The research shows that punitive supervision has a significant negative impact on corporate financial performance;rectifying the effect on financial performance would increase the operating cost.Simultaneously,the degree of punitive supervision will also affect corporate financial performance,with the financial performance of listed companies subjected to severe punitive supervision being poorer.

How Chinese authorities make financial policy decisions

The period between 1993 and 2002 was a crucial part of China's macroeconomic regulation and financial reform and opening-up. Throughout most of this phase, the author was involved in making major decisions on monetary policy, financial markets, regulation, reform and opening-up, and fulfilled his duties as a central bank leader. This paper is dedicated to the 60th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China.

生成式AI在金融领域的应用、风险与监管建议

近年来,以信息技术为基础,新一轮科技革命方兴未艾,人工智能尤其是生成式人工智能广泛应用于人类社会生活不同领域,促进相关产业链快速发展。现有研究成果显示,人工智能在金融领域的广泛应用,大大提升经济效益与效率,但也蕴含不少风险。对此,境外国家和地区、国际监管机构为因应当前金融科技发展的需求,妥善处理金融科技创新与安全之间的关系,积极主动制定监管制度,提升监管机构的能力。我国作为人工智能技术和金融业发展的大国,亦应多措并举制定人工智能监管制度,这不仅有助于控制相关领域潜在风险,而且有助于争夺相关领域的制度性话语权。

绿色信贷贴息政策与企业环境信息披露质量——基于自愿性与强制性披露动机下的机制分析

披露高质量的环境信息不仅是企业环境管理制度的制订基础,也是推动生态环境治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要举措。本文基于2008~2023年上市公司样本,使用渐进双重差分法,实证检验了绿色信贷贴息政策对企业环境信息披露质量的激励效应及其作用机制。研究发现:(1)财政与金融相协调的绿色信贷贴息政策能显著改善企业环境信息披露质量;(2)核心机制在于自愿性披露机制和强制性披露机制,前者主要是通过降低债务融资成本和增加高管绿色认知得以实现,后者表现为通过政府监管水平提升引致的合规效应强制企业提高环境信息披露质量;(3)政策在非国有企业、劳动密集型企业和市场化程度高的地区存在更强的激励效应。本文结论为其他激励性绿色金融政策的制定与完善提供理论依据与决策参考。

ESG表现抑制企业过度金融化吗?

引导企业合理适度配置金融资产,为壮大实体经济注入资金动能,对于中国实现经济高质量发展和推进中国式现代化具有重要的现实意义。本文以2009—2021年沪深A股非金融上市公司为研究样本,实证研究ESG表现对实体企业过度金融化的影响及其内在机理,并考察外部金融监管以及管理者自利在ESG表现与企业过度金融化之间的交互效应。研究结果表明,ESG表现对企业过度金融化行为产生抑制效应,说明ESG具有可持续投资价值导向,能够引导企业合理配置企业资产、承担对利益相关方的多元责任。机制检验结果表明,ESG表现通过提升企业信息透明度抑制企业过度金融化行为。交互效应检验结果表明,外部金融化监管有效抑制企业过度金融化行为,替代了ESG表现对企业过度金融化的抑制效应;管理者自利导致管理者选择投资具有高额回报率的金融项目以获取更多的私利,削弱了ESG表现对企业过度金融化的抑制效应。异质性分析结果表明,ESG表现对企业过度金融化的抑制效应在位于东部地区的企业、民营企业以及不具有高管金融背景的企业中更为明显。本文的研究为政府政策以及企业战略的制定提供了启示。

商业银行数字化与企业创新——特征分析、机制识别及金融监管的影响

本文基于2013-2021年上市公司数据,分析商业银行数字化转型支持企业创新的特征与机制。研究发现,商业银行数字化转型有效地提升了企业创新产出,并呈现出“创新提质”“数字连结”和“关系补充”的特点。机制分析表明,商业银行数字化转型通过降低财务成本、优化杠杆结构促进企业创新。在此基础上,银行监管政策的出台更加凸显了高数字化水平商业银行对企业创新的支持作用。

“新瓶装旧酒”还是“旧貌换新颜”:地方金融监管与企业金融化

强化地方监管职能是深化金融体制改革、提升金融服务实体经济质效的重要举措。本文以2018年省级地方金融监管局的设立为准自然实验,采用2015—2021年A股上市公司年度数据,考察地方金融监管的去金融化效应。研究发现:(1)地方金融监管局的设立可以有效抑制企业金融投机活动。(2)异质性分析发现,去金融化的作用主要体现在金融分权水平较高、监管竞次意愿较低、法治水平较高的地区以及具有金融背景的高管占比较高、非公有制属性的企业。(3)机制分析表明,对内强化监管治理体系以“堵塞”企业金融投机渠道、对外巩固发展职能以“疏通”滴灌实体经济渠道是这一抑制作用的两条路径。此外,本文验证了地方金融监管有助于抑制企业的“实体中介”动机,进而降低企业金融资产持有水平。本文为“条块关系”下地方金融监管相关研究提供了新的视角,也为全面提升金融风险防控能力、促进金融高质量发展、建设金融强国提供了学理支持与决策参考。

Distributed ledger technology for securities clearing and settlement: benefits, risks, and regulatory implications

This article outlines the benefits and risks of the distributed ledger technology(DLT)for the clearing and settlement of exchange-traded and OTC securities,followed by a description of the technology’s potential role for central counterparties and central securities depositories.Although the industry and scholars are attempting to solve the technological and operational issues that DLT systems still face,outstanding legal risks are such that the financial industry is asking for more regulatory guidance and intervention.This article wants to contribute to the public policy debate by presenting potential regulatory barriers that may have to be removed for DLT to be fully adopted.In addition,it identifies areas requiring an update of the legal framework in order to address certain prudential and conduct risks that this technology could introduce.

Global Financial Regulations:An Antidote to Economic Predicament

Due to the lack of public order in the international financial arena, asset bubbles and resource misallocations persisted over a long period of time and resulted in global financial crisis in 2008. Global financial rules, which can take on a role like that of WTO in the international trade, are urgently needed for global economic recovery. They will balance the pressure of economic restructuring between large and small countries, and push forward some countries' domestic reforms which may hardly be implemented due to domestic politics.