Effect of probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum Dad-13 powder consumption on the gut microbiota and intestinal health of overweight adults

BACKGROUND Shifting on lifestyle,diet,and physical activity contributed on increasing number of obese people around the world.Multiple factors influence the development of obesity.Some research suggested that gut microbiota(GM)plays an important role in nutrient absorption and energy regulation of individuals,thus affecting their nutritional status.Report of Indonesia Basic Health Research showed that the prevalence of obesity in every province tended to increase.Although the root cause of obesity is excessive calorie intake compared with expenditure,the differences in gut microbial ecology between healthy and obese humans may affect energy homeostasis.GM affect body weight,especially obesity.Probiotics that are consumed while alive and able to colonize in the intestine are expected to increase the population of good bacteria,especially Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli,and suppress pathogens such as Enterobacteriaceae and Staphylococcus.The strain of L.plantarum Dad-13 has been demonstrated to survive and colonize in the gastrointestinal tract of healthy Indonesian adults who consume fermented milk containing L.plantarum Dad-13.The consumption of probiotic L.plantarum Dad-13 powder decreased E.coli and non-E.coli coliform bacteria in school-aged children in Indonesia.L.plantarum is a dominant bacterium in the average Indonesian’s GM.For this reason,this bacterium is probably a more suitable probiotic for Indonesians.AIM To determine the effect of the consumption of indigenous probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum Dad-13 powder in overweight adults in Yogyakarta(Indonesia).METHODS Sixty overweight volunteers with a body mass index(BMI)equal to or greater than 25 consume indigenous probiotic powder L.plantarum Dad-13(2×109 CFU/gram/sachet)for 90 d.The study was a randomized,double-blind,placebocontrolled study.The volunteers filled in a diary on a daily basis,which consisted of questions on study product intake(only during ingestion period),other food intake,number of bowel movements,fecal quality(consistency and color),any medications received,and any symptom of discomfort,such as diarrhea,constipation,vomiting,gassing,sensation of illness,etc.Fecal samples and the subjects’diaries were collected on the morning of day 10+1,which was marked as the end of the baseline period and the start of the ingestion period.During the ingestion period(from day 11 to day 101),several parameters to measure and analyze the results included body weight and height(once a month),the lipid profile,GM analysis using MiSeq,short-chain fatty acid(SCFA)analysis using gas chromatography,and the measurement of fecal pH using a pH meter.RESULTS The consumption of indigenous probiotic powder L.plantarum Dad-13 caused the average body weight and BMI of the probiotic group to decrease from 84.54±17.64 kg to 83.14±14.71 kg and 33.10±6.15 kg/m2 to 32.57±5.01 kg/m2,respectively.No significant reduction of body weight and BMI in the placebo group was observed.An analysis of the microbiota showed that the number of Bacteroidetes,specifically Prevotella,increased significantly,while that of Firmicutes significantly decreased.No significant change in lipid profile in both groups was found.Also,no significant change in SCFAs(e.g.,butyrate,propionate,acetic acid)and pH level was found after the consumption of the probiotic.CONCLUSION No significant differences in pH before and after ingestion were observed in both the probiotic and placebo groups as well as in the lipid profile of both cholesterol and triglyceride,high-density lipoprotein(HDL),low-density lipoprotein(LDL),and the LDL/HDL ratio.In addition,no significant changes in the concentration of SCFAs(e.g.,acetic acid,propionate,and butyrate)were found after consumption.Interestingly,a significant decrease in body weight and BMI(P<0.05)was determined in the treatment group.An analysis of GM shows that L.plantarum Dad-13 caused the Firmicutes population to decrease and the Bacteroidetes population(especially Prevotella)to increase.

Clinical trial:Lactobacillus plantarum 299v(DSM 9843)improves symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome

AIM:To assess the symptomatic efficacy of Lactobacillus plantarum 299v(L.plantarum 299v)(DSM 9843) for the relief of abdominal symptoms in a large subset of irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) patients fulfilling the Rome Ⅲ criteria.METHODS:In this double blind,placebo-controlled,parallel-designed study,subjects were randomized to daily receive either one capsule of L.plantarum 299v(DSM 9843) or placebo for 4 wk.Frequency and intensity of abdominal pain,bloating and feeling of incomplete rectal emptying were assessed weekly on a visual analogue scale while stool frequency was calculated.RESULTS:Two hundred and fourteen IBS patients were recruited.After 4 wk,both pain severity(0.68 + 0.53 vs 0.92 + 0.57,P < 0.05) and daily frequency(1.01 + 0.77 vs 1.71 + 0.93,P < 0.05) were lower with L.plantarum 299v(DSM 9843) than with placebo.Similar results were obtained for bloating.At week 4,78.1 % of the patients scored the L.plantarum 299v(DSM 9843) symptomatic effect as excellent or good vs only 8.1 % for placebo(P < 0.01).CONCLUSION:A 4-wk treatment with L.plantarum 299v(DSM 9843) provided effective symptom relief,particularly of abdominal pain and bloating,in IBS patients fulfilling the Rome Ⅲ criteria.

Efficacy and safety profile of LCR35 complete freeze-dried culture in irritable bowel syndrome:A randomized,double-blind study

AIM:To assess the effects and safety of Lactobacillus casei rhamnosus LCR35 complete freeze-dried culture(LCR35) in patients suffering from irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).METHODS:A randomized,double-blind pilot study was performed in 50 patients complaining of IBS symptoms complying with RomeⅢcriteria.Patients were allocated to receive either LCR35(n = 25) at a minimum daily dose of 6 × 108 colony forming units or placebo(n = 25) for 4 wk.At inclusion,after treatment and 2 wk later,patients completed the IBS severity scale.Change from baseline in the IBS severity score at the end of treatment was the primary efficacy criterion.Changes were compared between groups in the whole population and in IBS subtypes(IBS with predominance of constipation,IBS with predominance of diarrhoea,mixed IBS,unsubtyped IBS).The presence of lactobacillus casei rhamnosus in stools was investigated at inclusion and at the end of treatment.The gastrointestinal quality of life questionnaire and the hospital anxiety and depression(HAD) scale were also completed.RESULTS:Both groups were balanced for baseline characteristics.In 85% of patients,stool analyses showed that lactobacillus casei rhamnosus able to survive in the digestive tract.In the whole population,improvements in the IBS severity score did not differ significantly between treatments with a 25% decrease after 4-wk treatment,and a 15% decrease from baseline 2 wk later in both groups.In IBS subgroups,statistical analysis could not be performed due to small sample size,but a clinical response in favour of LCR35 was observed in IBS patients with predominance of diarrhoea:no change in the symptom severity score was seen with the placebo after 4 wk treatment,whereas a clinically relevant decrease occurred with LCR35(-37% vs-3%).Furthermore,in spite of an increase in symptom intensity,the IBS severity score was maintained below the baseline value 2 wk later with LCR35(-19% from baseline),whilst a slight 5% increase from baseline was observed with placebo.In the IBS subgroup with predominance of diarrhoea only,a clinically relevant decrease in abdominal pain severity score(-36%)was observed with LCR35,whereas no change occurred with placebo.In mixed IBS patients,the 20% and 30% decreases in the IBS severity score observed after treatment with LCR35 and placebo,respectively,were maintained 2 wk later in both groups.A clinical response slightly in favour of placebo was observed at the end of the treatment period in IBS patients with predominance of constipation(-41% vs-20%) and unsubtyped IBS patients(-47% vs-17%),with the same value maintained 2 wk later.In both groups,no clinically relevant changes were observed either for the gastrointestinal quality of life index or HAD score.Thus,these results suggest that sub-grouping of IBS patients may be important for optimizing treatment responses by the physician.CONCLUSION:This pilot study suggests that LCR35 could have some efficacy in IBS patients complaining of diarrhoea.These preliminary results need to be conf irmed in larger studies.

活菌吸管在液态乳制品中的应用

医学研究显示肠道菌群不均衡,是许多慢性病的主要根源。所以肠道益生菌研究及推广使用是现代保健医疗领域中最受注目的一个方面。本文介绍了益生菌(嗜酸乳杆菌)的特点和功能,同时还介绍了新型益生菌活茵吸管的特点和优势。新型益生菌活菌吸管的使用,可以保证灭菌型长保质期液态牛乳产品在八个月的货架期结束时仍能保持一百万活力益生菌菌数。