Creative Problem-Solving and Music: Analyzing the Correlation between Music and Divergent Thinking Abilities

This research paper delves into the connection, between problem-solving and music. It’s a topic that has piqued the interest of scholars in fields, including science and neuroscience. The study explores how music can influence our ability to think divergently which is an aspect of creative thinking. It builds upon advancements in methods to investigate the relationship between music and divergent thinking aiming to uncover potential correlations. Doing it offers insights into the interplay between artistic expression and cognitive innovation. This research combines an analysis of existing literature with data collected from a group of participants shedding light on how music impacts our capacity for creative thinking. It demonstrates that music plays a role as a catalyst, for stimulating and enhancing thinking abilities.

Study on the Relationship Between College Students’ Self-Leadership and Career Preparation from the Perspective of Problem-Solving Skills

Based on the measurement of problem-solving skills,self-leadership,and career preparation,this paper collects 251 questionnaires from college students through online questionnaire survey.Through the analysis of the questionnaire results,this paper aims to clarify the relationship between college students’self-leadership and career preparation from the perspective of problem-solving skills,in order to provide ideas for college students’future career path and development.The results showed that from the perspective of problem-solving skills,there is a positive correlation between self-leadership and career preparation,and self-leadership has a positive impact on career preparation.

Problem-Solving Based Intervention for Informal Caregivers: A Scoping Review

Background: Caregiving for someone is a huge task for informal caregivers. The caregiving role is often challenging and overwhelming for them. Stress, burden, and depression have been frequently identified as the negative caregiving experiences. This systematic review synthesized the available evidence for the problem-based intervention provided for caregivers as there is little insight about the effects of problem-based intervention on caregivers. Objectives: To describe: 1) the design of problem-solving intervention;2) the effects of problem-solving intervention for caregiver outcomes. Methods: This review followed Arksey and O’Malley’s methodological framework for conducting scoping reviews which entail setting research questions, selecting relevant studies, charting the data and synthesizing the results. FPRISMA guidelines were adopted and several databases were searched including MEDLINE;EMBASE;web of science. This review contains literature from 2012 to 2019 on problem-solving-based intervention which intended to caregivers. Results: 41 publications representing 27 unique problem-based interventions. Problem-solving-based intervention has different extent effects on caregiver emotion status, burden and quality of life. Conclusions: Problem-solving intervention is promising in caregiver intervention which could reduce caregiver depression, anxiety and burden.

Impact of self-directed learning readiness and learning attitude on problem-solving ability among Chinese undergraduate nursing students

Objective: To explore the effects of self-directed learning readiness and learning attitude on problem-solving ability among Chinese undergraduate nursing students. Methods: A convenience sampling of 460 undergraduate nursing students was surveyed in Tianjin, China. Students who participated in the study completed a questionnaire that included social demographic questionnaire, Self-directed Learning Readiness Scale, Attitude to Learning Scale, and Social Problem-Solving Inventory. Pearson’s correlation analysis was performed to test the correlations among problem-solving ability, self-directed learning readiness, and learning attitude. Hierarchical linear regression analyses were performed to explore the mediating role of learning attitude. Results: The results showed that learning attitude (r=0.338, P<0.01) and self-directed learning readiness (r=0.493, P<0.01) were positively correlated with problem-solving ability. Learning attitude played a partial intermediary role between self-directed learning readiness and problem-solving ability (F=74.227, P<0.01). Conclusions: It is concluded that nursing educators should pay attention on students’ individual differences and take proper actions to inspire students’ self-directed learning readiness and learning attitude.

Method and Apparatus for Creating Problem-Solving Complexes from Individual Elements

Based on the biological key-lock-principle common in various biological systems such as the human brain, this paper relates to a method and device for creating problem-solving complexes from individual elements that can be coupled with one another and that have different properties to solve problems. The problem solution can be carried out either serially with a large computer, or with several independent, hierarchically joined computers. In this system, an independent control unit that assumes a multitude of tasks and also acts as an interface with access to all participating computers, is assigned to each problem or object class according to the amount of potential problem-oriented solutions. Such a unit prepares the partial solutions found in its computer for the totality of the solutions computed in the associated computers, finally leading to a total problem solution.

Role of academic self-efficacy in the relationship between self-directed learning readiness and problem-solving ability among nursing students

Objective: Problem-solving should be a fundamental component of nursing education because It is a core ability for professional nurses. For more effective learning, nursing students must understand the relationship between self-directed learning readiness and problem-solving ability. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships among self-directed learning readiness, problemsolving ability, and academic self-efficacy among undergraduate nursing students.Methods: From November to December 2016, research was conducted among 500 nursing undergraduate students in Tianjin, China,using a self-directed learning readiness scale, an academic self-efficacy scale, a questionnaire related to problem-solving, and selfdesigned demographics. The response rate was 85.8%.Results: For Chinese nursing students, self-directed learning readiness and academic self-efficacy reached a medium-to-high level,while problem-solving abilities were at a low level. There were significant positive correlations among the students' self-directed learning readiness, academic self-efficacy, and problem-solving ability. Furthermore, academic self-efficacy demonstrated a mediating effect on the relationship between the students' self-directed learning readiness and problem-solving ability.Conclusions: To enhance students' problem-solving ability, nursing educators should pay more attention to the positive impact of self-directed learning readiness and self-efficacy in nursing students' education.

Effects of Sex Differences and Problem-Solving Strategies on Digital Game Performance

Problem-solving strategy i,,; a critical skill in inquiry-based learning. Several studies have investigated how to use learning games to improve inquiry abilities. However, not every learner favors this kind of approach. Thus, we need to examine how human factors affect learners＇ reactions to the use of a digital game to support inquiry-based learning. This study addressed this issue by developing a digital game, ＂Baking Town＂, and using the game to examine the effects of two central human factors, sex differences and problem-solving strategies, on students＇ performance. The results demonstrate that students＇ inquiry abilities were significantly improved after they participated in the digital game. The results also demonstrate that the digital game may be a feasible way to reduce differences between boys and girls in this domain. Finally, we used the findings to develop a framework that can be used to enhance our understanding of sex differences and the use of problem-solving strategies in the context of digital games.

Circumstance Leading to Pregnancy and Problem-Solving Process of Unwanted Teenage Pregnancy in the Phetchaburi Province, Thailand

This descriptive qualitative study aims to understand circumstance leading to pregnancy and problem-solving process of unwanted teenage pregnancy in the Phetchaburi Province. A qualitative research design was used. Participants were 15 unwanted pregnant teenagers, aged between 15 and 19 years. All participants were primiparous and interviewed at postpartum stage. A semi-structured in-depth interview was the main technique of data collection. Data was analyzed using the process of manifest content analysis. Five themes, nine categories, 19 subcategories emerged from the data analysis. The themes were： （1） circumstance leading to pregnancy was the failure of contraceptive use and lack of knowledge about reproductive health; （2） negative emotional reactions included worry about parents＇ rejection and being blamed by others; （3） boyfriend＇s reaction to the pregnancy had a big impact on teen girl＇s feelings toward the situation. The majority of the teenagers＇ pregnancies accepted a child in the womb. The couples did not consider termination of the pregnancy; （4） parent＇s seeking a solution to serve the family dignity by organizing wedding ceremony and collaboratively plans for the future; and （5） life changes after the pregnancy due to the strong concerns about being blamed by the society. Findings from this study suggest that teens should particiPate in sex education classes that are specific for teenagers to prevent becoming pregnant. Moreover, the educational program specific for the teenagers＇ needs should be established so that they can continue their pregnancy without quitting school.

Enhancing the Problem-Solving Skills of Vocational Students Through Skills Competition

Unlike general education,vocational education aims to nurture skilled people for various sectors in the society.The development of students’problem analysis and problem-solving skills is crucial.As an important part of the vocational education system,skills competitions are considered a“booster”for improving the quality of teaching in vocational institutions.This paper examines the problem-solving skills of students in preparation for skills competition.First of all,we introduce China’s education policies and conduct a review of early scholars’views,followed by a discussion on the specific problems faced in the design of the entry for skills competition and an exploration of the process of enhancing students’problem-solving skills around these problems;we then propose several suggestions for vocational institutions to enhance their participation in skills competitions.Skills competitions provide a“special stage”for students in vocational institutions to show their abilities.The question of how this“stage”can be utilized to better improve students’abilities is worth exploring in different fields.

Defining Computational Thinking as an Evident Tool in Problem-Solving:Comparative Research on Chinese and Canadian Mathematics Textbooks

Purpose:To analyze mathematics problem-solving(PS)procedures in Chinese(CH)and Canadian(CA)elementary mathematics textbooks that leverage computational thinking(CT)as a cognitive tool,which have evidently existed and been implemented.Design/Approach/Methods:In this study,an analysis framework was developed to investigate the characteristics of CT tools for three PS steps—understand the problem,devise and conduct plans,and look back into textbooks—in four contexts:data practices,modeling and simulation practices,computational tools practices,and systemic thinking practices.Findings:Our results demonstrate the tools(CT)employed in the PS process in CH and CA mathematics textbooks.The strong connections between the“look back”stage and CT tools were explored.During the“look back”stage,both countries required students to transfer their knowledge and perform generalization.In addition,CT is regarded as a basic skill analysis for students in mathematics education and has received significant attention at every stage of the PS process.Originality/Value:This study brings a new perspective to CTresearch in education by regarding CT as a cognitive tool for students in mathematics PS.

Solving Algebraic Problems with Geometry Diagrams Using Syntax-Semantics Diagram Understanding

Solving Algebraic Problems with Geometry Diagrams(APGDs)poses a significant challenge in artificial intelligence due to the complex and diverse geometric relations among geometric objects.Problems typically involve both textual descriptions and geometry diagrams,requiring a joint understanding of these modalities.Although considerable progress has been made in solving math word problems,research on solving APGDs still cannot discover implicit geometry knowledge for solving APGDs,which limits their ability to effectively solve problems.In this study,a systematic and modular three-phase scheme is proposed to design an algorithm for solving APGDs that involve textual and diagrammatic information.The three-phase scheme begins with the application of the statetransformer paradigm,modeling the problem-solving process and effectively representing the intermediate states and transformations during the process.Next,a generalized APGD-solving approach is introduced to effectively extract geometric knowledge from the problem’s textual descriptions and diagrams.Finally,a specific algorithm is designed focusing on diagram understanding,which utilizes the vectorized syntax-semantics model to extract basic geometric relations from the diagram.A method for generating derived relations,which are essential for solving APGDs,is also introduced.Experiments on real-world datasets,including geometry calculation problems and shaded area problems,demonstrate that the proposed diagram understanding method significantly improves problem-solving accuracy compared to methods relying solely on simple diagram parsing.

活性知识组件(LKC)的概念、原型及实现

知识共享和再利用是目前知识工程研究和应用中的一个重点。与现有的Ontologies和Problem-solvingmethods(PSMs)技术相对应,文章提出了活性知识组件LKC(Liveknowledgecomponent)的概念、原型及实现LKC要解决的主要问题。LKC知识组件化技术可与Ontologies技术及PSMs技术相互补充,用于构建高效的知识和应用系统。

On Solving Mathematical Problems the Spatial-Visual Ways

This study investigated the effectiveness of spatial-visualization-based instruction on the mathematical problem-solving performance of 35 mathematics education students using one-group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design. It also aimed to describe how spatial visualization is applied in solving mathematical problems. The findings of the study revealed that spatial-visualization-based instruction improved the mathematical problem-solving performance of students. The spatial-visualization ability can be applied in solving mathematical problems.

Milestones for Computing Future

Computer applications expand continuously as problem solvers in all areas of human life. Yet, computer scientists have difficulties in calling computer science the “science of computer based problem solving methodology”. This is probably caused by the development of software technology as a collection of tools dedicated to computer experts. The paper proposes a new methodology for computer based problem solving based on problem domain dedicated software tools. This prevents the exponential growth of software tool complexity and does not require computer user to be a computer expert.

Project-based Learning in Calculus on The Use of Maple Software Technology

In this article, authors describe how to use the project-based learning （PBL） pedagogy to enhance students＇ Calculus learning based on the first author＇s experimental teaching experience. The ＂2014 BMCC Polar Art Calendar＂ project was completed by Calculus students at Borough of Manhattan Community College （BMCC） during the fall 2013 semester. Students were requested to apply graphs of polar equations to create computer-generated images with a variety of flower patterns by using the Maple technology in a math lab. At the end of this project, students were requested to submit and present their written reports to express their mathematical thinking. Authors also explain in details how to create projects compatible with textbook knowledge learning objectives, how to prepare scaffolding materials for students to use, how to utilize a math lab and to work with lab technicians in Maple Software, and how to design a rubric for project evaluations. Students＇ artwork created in the Polar Art Calendar are presented. Students＇ positive outcomes have proven a success of this project design as well as its execution as an example of PBL. Benefits to students and challenges to teachers on the use of PBL approach have been discussed at the end of this article.

Computer Based Simulation Maturation in Y2K

Simulation of physical phenomena on computers has joined engineering mechanics theory and laboratory experimentation as the third method of engineering analysis design. It is in fact the only feasible method for analyzing many critically important phenomena, e.g., quenching, heat treating, full scale phenomena, etc. With the rapid maturation of inexpensive parallel computing technology, and high performance communications, there will emerge shortly a totally new, highly interactive computing/simulation environment supporting engineering design optimization. This environment will exist on Internet employing interoperable software/hardware infrastructures emergent today. A key element of this will involve development of computational software enabling utilization of all HPCC advances. This paper introduces the concept and details the development of a user-adapted computational simulation software platform prototype for Y2K.

Life Lives on the Edge of Contradiction

Advice giving covers a wide range of social engagements between friends,authorities to subordinates,professionals of many kinds and especially therapists.Therapists generally come from fields such as psychology and psychiatry wherein many focus on research sciences and others focus on use of therapeutics to somehow make people better in some way.For the latter group,coming to grips with what counts as better is problematic since it is not always clear even to the advisee what he or she would count as better.To the more scientifically-minded the notion of better is often eschewed as nothing more than distracting baggage when it comes to truly understanding human-nature.This paper shows first that understanding human nature is likely a chimera.It will never fully come within the grasp of the human sciences any more than the fist can grab itself.Still,scientific approaches are invaluable in the quest for tying action and goals together.However,while the sciences may eliminate the need for reference to some faux qualia,the phenomenology of human experience cannot be ignored altogether.As a result,advisory planning must navigate between the tough-minded and soft-minded while avoiding contradiction.

The Impact of Creative Group Teaching and Educational Booklet Methods on Interpersonal Communications among Midwives in Clinical Setting

Group discussion teaching technique for small groups and encouragement of critical but constructive and creative thinking for finding new and efficient solutions can lead to provision of better health and medical services that is defined in clinical setting, as the clinical psychology finds a way for curing and education. The present study was conducted with the aim to compare the effects of creative group teaching and educational booklet on interpersonal skills of midwives in a clinical setting. The present study was conducted on 97 midwifery graduates working in hospitals in Kerman Province, in two groups of educational booklet (49 midwives) and educational workshop (48 midwives) who participated in a 3-day creative teaching workshop in summer 2015. Creative problem-solving teaching intervention group was taught through educational workshop method, including small group and team working, group discussion and mini lectures. Midwifery 1 intervention group was provided with an educational booklet validated by professors of Nursing and Midwifery School for independent and individual study by midwives working in Kerman Province hospitals. The two groups were matched in terms of personal details. Hospitals were randomly selected, and midwives were selected by quota sampling. Interpersonal communication skills of both groups were assessed before and after intervention, and two months later using Interpersonal Communication Skills Test. The results obtained were analyzed in SPSS-16 using descriptive statistics, including frequency and percentage, mean and standard deviation, and inferential statistics including U-Mann-Whitney, paired t, independent t, repeated measures ANOVA tests at significance level of P P P P P < 0.001). Both teaching methods improved midwives’ interpersonal communication skills. Therefore, standardized educational booklets which produce cost-effective similar results are recommended.

Computer Integration within Problem Solving Process

The complexity of current software tools increases with the complexity of problem solving tasks they are designed to assist and are mainly dedicated to computer educated people. On the other hand current computer technology is deeply involved in people’s everyday life. This gap deepens and stresses software technology and computer education. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the feasibility of a new computer based problem solving methodology based on software tools that can be manipulated through the use of natural language. By computational emancipation the natural language becomes a family of non-ambiguous languages. This means that every problem solver uses a non-ambiguous natural language, termed here as Domain Algorithmic Language, DAL. Here we show how to develop software tools dedicated to the problem domain and illustrate the methodology we propose with the software tools required by teaching high school algebra.

Problem-Solving and Sequence

In 1971,the famous mathematician George Polya,introduced four basic steps or phases for solving problems: Step1 Understand the Problem Step2 Decide on a Plan Step 3 Carry out the Plan Step4 Look