Potential use of large language models for mitigating students’problematic social media use:ChatGPT as an example

The problematic use of social media has numerous negative impacts on individuals'daily lives,interpersonal relationships,physical and mental health,and more.Currently,there are few methods and tools to alleviate problematic social media,and their potential is yet to be fully realized.Emerging large language models(LLMs)are becoming increasingly popular for providing information and assistance to people and are being applied in many aspects of life.In mitigating problematic social media use,LLMs such as ChatGPT can play a positive role by serving as conversational partners and outlets for users,providing personalized information and resources,monitoring and intervening in problematic social media use,and more.In this process,we should recognize both the enormous potential and endless possibilities of LLMs such as ChatGPT,leveraging their advantages to better address problematic social media use,while also acknowledging the limitations and potential pitfalls of ChatGPT technology,such as errors,limitations in issue resolution,privacy and security concerns,and potential overreliance.When we leverage the advantages of LLMs to address issues in social media usage,we must adopt a cautious and ethical approach,being vigilant of the potential adverse effects that LLMs may have in addressing problematic social media use to better harness technology to serve individuals and society.

Internet addiction and problematic Internet use: A systematic review of clinical research

AIM: To provide a comprehensive overview of clinical studies on the clinical picture of Internet-use related addictions from a holistic perspective. A literature search was conducted using the database Web of Science.METHODS: Over the last 15 years, the number of Internet users has increased by 1000%, and at the same time, research on addictive Internet use has proliferated. Internet addiction has not yet been understood very well, and research on its etiology and natural history is still in its infancy. In 2013, the American Psychiatric Association included Internet Gaming Disorder in the appendix of the updated version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders(DSM-5) as condition that requires further research prior to official inclusion in the main manual, with important repercussions for research and treatment. To date, reviews have focused on clinical and treatment studies of Internet addiction and Internet Gaming Disorder. This arguably limits the analysis to a specific diagnosis of a potential disorder that has not yet been officially recognised in the Western world, rather than a comprehensive and inclusive investigation of Internet-use related addictions(including problematic Internet use) more generally. RESULTS: The systematic literature review identified a total of 46 relevant studies. The included studies used clinical samples, and focused on characteristics of treatment seekers and online addiction treatment. Four main types of clinical research studies were identified, namely research involving(1) treatment seeker characteristics;(2) psychopharmacotherapy;(3) psychological therapy; and(4) combined treatment. CONCLUSION: A consensus regarding diagnostic criteria and measures is needed to improve reliability across studies and to develop effective and efficient treatment approaches for treatment seekers.

Fear of missing out: A brief overview of origin, theoretical underpinnings and relationship with mental health

Fear of missing out(FoMO)is a unique term introduced in 2004 to describe a phenomenon observed on social networking sites.FoMO includes two processes;firstly,perception of missing out,followed up with a compulsive behavior to maintain these social connections.We are interested in understanding the complex construct of FoMO and its relations to the need to belong and form stable interpersonal relationships.It is associated with a range of negative life experiences and feelings,due to it being considered a problematic attachment to social media.We have provided a general review of the literature and have summarized the findings in relation to mental health,social functioning,sleep,academic performance and productivity,neuro-developmental disorders,and physical well-being.We have also discussed the treatment options available for FoMo based on cognitive behavior therapy.It imperative that new findings on FoMO are communicated to the clinical community as it has diagnostic implications and could be a confounding variable in those who do not respond to treatment as usual.

Case study of a driven pile foundation in diatomaceous soil.II:Pile installation,dynamic analysis,and pore pressure generation

This paper presents the results from a case study highlighting the difficulties of pile driving in diatomaceous soils.In the companion(first)paper to this article,results of an extensive laboratory and in situ testing program were presented while the results from pile driving and further analysis of field observations were presented herein.Unexpected high pile rebound(HPR)was observed during driving of a closed-end pipe pile,with refusal occurring at a depth of less than 5 m.Subsequent open-ended piles were thus driven.Piezometer and case pile wave analysis program(CAPWAP)data were collected during driving of both closed-and open-end piles.Piezometer data indicated that negative pore water pressures(PWPs)were generated while the closed-ended pile exhibited high rebound.Results from in situ tests indicated change in material stiffness and strong dilative tendencies near the depth of refusal.A hypothesis for observed behavior was proposed that considers the soil beneath the pile as a medium with an effectively infinite bulk modulus.

unprecedented scale Ebola epidemic in Guinea:what we should know

To the editor The present problematic outbreak in Africa is the Ebola virus infection among local population in the capital of Guinea.It becomes a great concern since the present outbreak(March to April 2014)is considered to be the biggest outbreak,the first discovery of this viral infection[1].A high death rate can be seen.Severe diarrhea and bleeding can be seen in almost all cases and death rate is very high(about 75%).Focusing on the present outbreak,there are many considerations on this situation.First,this outbreak occurs in urban area insead of a remote rural area。

Case study of a driven pile foundation in diatomaceous soil.I:Site characterization and engineering properties

Diatomaceous soils are comprised of the silica frustules of diatom microalgae that are present in marine and lacustrine environments throughout the world.Owing to their unique origin,diatomaceous soils are typically characterized by high intraparticle porosity,complex particle shapes,and uniform mineralogy,causing them to exhibit atypical physical and engineering behaviors.A substantial deposit of diatomaceous silt was observed during site exploration for construction of the Buck Creek Bridge on OR140 near Klamath Falls,OR,USA.A comprehensive laboratory and in situ testing program indicated that the diatomaceous soil possessed“non-textbook”engineering properties.Specifically,tested samples had high liquid limits(≈100%-140%)with natural water contents at or near the liquid limit.Geologically,the soil is expected to be normally consolidated,yet high apparent overconsolidation ratios(OCR)(≈15-40)were observed both in oedometric consolidation tests and through cone penetration test(CPT)correlations.Standard penetration test(SPT)results show a corrected standard penetration resistance consistent with a medium-dense sand(i.e.(N1)_(60)≈25).CPT results include corrected tip resistances(qt)of approximately 7-10 MPa and excess pore pressures(u_(2))of up to 4 MPa.In CPT dissipation tests,pore water pressures(PWPs)returned to hydrostatic pressure in less than 1 h.In this work,we synthesize these seemingly disparate material properties in an attempt to infer appropriate engineering properties for the diatomaceous deposit at the Buck Creek Bridge and attempt to provide insight into the underlying reasons for the observed behavior.

Problematic Internet use in drug addicts under treatment in public rehab centers

BACKGROUND Problematic Internet use(PIU)or Internet addiction has been recognized to be a behavioral addiction characterized by excessive or poorly controlled preoccupations,urges,or behaviors regarding computer use and Internet access that leads to impairment or distress resembling substance abuse.AIM To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of Internet use and abuse in a group of drug addicts from Southern Italy,by means of a specific questionnaire[“Questionario sull’Utilizzo delle Nuove Tecnologie”(QUNT)].METHODS All subjects(183)were heavy smokers,almost 50%of them used heroin and/or opioid compounds,30%alcohol,10%cannabis,8%cocaine,and 5%were polydrug users.Almost 10%of the individuals were also suffering from gambling disorder.RESULTS The time spent online was more than 4 hours a day in the total sample,with a slight prevalence in male subjects.Cocaine and cannabis users spent more than 6 hours online,significantly more than opioid and alcohol abusers.Distribution of the QUNT factors was not different in both sexes.Cocaine users showed higher scores at the“loss of control”,“pornography addiction”,and“addiction to social networks”factors,for the stimulant effect of this substance.Moreover,15 out of the total 17 cocaine users were pathological gamblers.Positive and statistically significant relationships were observed between some QUNT factors and body mass index.CONCLUSION These findings indicate that PIU is less severe in subjects taking sedative substances,such as heroin/opioids and alcohol,than in subjects taking stimulants.Alternatively,it may be used as a“stimulant”trigger in cocaine and cannabis users.Flattening effect of abuse drugs was noted on possible sex-related differences in QUNT items.We observed a sort of“protective”effect of a love relationship and/or living together with a partner,as those engaged subjects showed lower scores on different items than single subjects or those living alone.The relationship between time spent online(and related sedentary lifestyle)and body mass index would suggest that Internet use might be a contributing factor to increasing weight gain and obesity amongst adolescents and young adults worldwide.Our findings also highlighted the specific vulnerability of drug addicts who use stimulants,rather than sedative compounds,to other kinds of behavioral addictions,such as gambling disorder.

阿尔都塞Problematic概念的理解及其多种中译法的选择

problematic是阿尔都塞哲学的一个核心概念,可problematic一词有多种中译法,《保卫马克思》和《读<资本论>》中译为"总问题",张一兵译为"问题式",俞吾金译为"问题结构",冯契、徐孝通主编的《外国哲学大辞典》中译为"问题系",陈越在《哲学与政治——阿尔都塞读本》中译为"难题性",李智在《马克思之后的马克思主义》中译为"问题域",多种中译法的不统一的根源在于对problematic的含义理解上的分歧。problematic是一种提出问题、因而也是解决可能出现的问题的方式,是一个向未来不断敞开的"领域",与库恩的理性主义的范式概念具有本质上区别,是认识论史上的革命。根据problematic一词涵盖有"不可见的"、"无意识的"等内容并参照夏皮尔的information domain(信息域)的译法,"域"概念是problematic本身所具有的含义,因而选择"问题域"这种译法比较符合阿尔都塞的原意。

Ebola virus infection,human Hsa-miR-1246,hsa-miR-320a and hsa-miR-196b-5p and predicted targets

To the editor,Sir,the present problematic Ebola virus(HBOV)infectionin Africa is the global concern.The pathogenesis and hostresponse to the EBOV infection is the interesting topic.

Gloves and Ebola virus:a consideration of the penetration possibility based on nanostructure consideration

To the editor,Ebola virus infection is the new deadly viral infection that is presently problematic in many countries in Africa.The prevention of this disease seems to be difficult and the rapid distribution of disease becomes the important issue for further discussion.As noted by Muyembe-Tamfum et al.[1],one of the major disease control measures is the distribution of protective equipment to health care workers.Gloves are important protective equipments

The three newest emerging influenza H10N8, H5N6 and H6N1: comparison of its morbidity and mortality

To the editor,Sir,the emerging influenza infection is the present global concern.There are many new emerging influenza infections at present and those infections are usually problematic.Of several new infections,the most recent emerging ones include to H6N1,H5N6 and H10N8 influenza infections.To learn the natural history of those three new emerging infections is very interesting and can give the data for further referencing.Here,the authors

Examining the Role of Personality Factors in Problematic Video Game Play Associated with Facebook Games

The current study used the structural components of Facebook games to select predictors of Problematic Video Game Play (PVGP) in relation to Facebook games. Based upon how game design and structure may interact with personality characteristics, the current study examined the effects of hypercompetitiveness, narcissism, reward responsiveness and psychological absorption on PVGP for a group of Facebook gamers. Moreover, the present study also observed how results may differ between Facebook gamers (n = 102), and a group of other (non-Facebook) gamers (n = 132). The Facebook group comprised 84% of females with an average age of 40.39 (SD = 14.00), whereas the other group of gamers consisted of 61% of males with an average age of 24.70 (SD = 7.86). Participants completed an online survey. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) revealed that an interaction between hypercompetitiveness and narcissism was the only significant predictor of PVGP for Facebook gamers. In contrast, a second structural model revealed that both hypercompetitiveness and psychological absorption were significant predictors of PVGP for other types of gamers. The findings from this study had important implications regarding the structure of video games and demographic differences between Facebook Gamers and other types of gamers.

Study of Changes in Physiochemical Properties of Soil by the Addition of Cement

The effect of cement on physiochemical properties of three types of soils i.e garden soil, agricultural soil and roadside soil was investigated. The ordinary Portland cement was used. The amount of cement added to soil samples, as dry mass percentage was 20%. The results of analysis showed that the addition of cement is capable of bringing about changes in physiochemical properties of soil. The electrical conductivity and organic matter content in three soils get decreased by the addition of cement. While the pH, bulk density and water holding capacity of soils after the addition of cement gets increased. The soil found most suitable to be treated with cement was roadside soil. It was concluded that cement can be used to change the physiochemical properties of soil and this technique has great utility in improving the quality of problematic soils.

An Alternative Proposal for Financing for the Agricultural Sector (Agricultural SME’s Bonds)

In today’s environment,where SME’s financing continues to be a serious problem,systems that facilitate non-bank financing models different from traditional ones should be considered.In the present article a model of financing based on bonds for SME’s is proposed,very suitable for the agricultural sector or any group with little access to traditional financing.To improve the analysis,a fuzzy logic system is proposed that allows the most representative variables to be properly selected and take into account the uncertainty of the environment and the subjectivity of the analysts.

The Links between Attachment and Cyberaddiction

The growing importance of the new technologies raises the question of the relationship between the individual and the digital world. One of the main motivations of internet usage is social communication. Among the few studies concerning internet usage and the attachment, most suggest a predisposition of insecure people to the excessive internet usage. All participants completed two self-administered questionnaires： RSQ （relationship scale questionnaire） and 1AT （internet addiction test）. The self-administered questionnaires were put online： The link to the form was distributed by emails and social networks. Our results show a link between attachment anxiety and problematic internet usage. Internet could provide people having an attachment anxiety style a more reassuring environment to interact with others. The attachment preoccupation is a factor related to the problematic Intemet usage. A management that takes into account the motivations related to attachment may reduce recourse to the virtual world.

An Analysis of Problematic C-E Translations of Signs in Light of Nida's Functional Equivalence Theory

Based on Nida’s Functional Equivalence theory,this article makes an analysis of the problems in C-E translations ofsigns in China.The author will discuss respectively the problematic C-E translations from two respects:1)not being equivalent tosource-language message,and 2)not being natural for target language.If translators work hard with the help of Nida’s functionalequivalence theory,the defects and imperfections will be discovered,and standard signs in English will be read more and more inpublic places.

The Shell Model of the Universe: A Universe Generated from Multiple Big Bangs

The Current Standard Model of the Universe asserts that the universe is generated from a single Big Bang event followed by inflation. There is no center to this universe, hence, no preferential reference frame to describe the motions of celestial objects. We propose a new, Shell Model of the Universe, which contends that the universe is created from multiple, concentric big bangs. Accordingly, that origin presents itself as a unique, preferential reference frame, which furnishes the simplest description of the motions of galaxies in the cosmos. This is similar in manner to how planetary motion is more straightforwardly described via a sun-centered Solar System rather than an earth-centered one. The appeal of the Shell Model of the Universe lies in its simplistic ability to resolve the paradox of quasars, explain the variability in Hubble’s Constant, and solve the problematic accelerated expansion of the universe.

Neuroimaging the effects of smartphone(over-)use on brain function and structure-a review on the current state of MRI-based findings and a roadmap for future research

The smartphone represents a transformative device that dramatically changed our daily lives,including how we communicate,work,entertain ourselves,and navigate through unknown territory.Given its ubiquitous availability and impact on nearly every aspect of our lives,debates on the potential impact of smartphone(over-)use on the brain and whether smartphone use can be“addictive”have increased over the last years.Several studies have used magnetic resonance imaging to characterize associations between individual differences in excessive smartphone use and variations in brain structure or function.Therefore,it is an opportune time to summarize and critically reflect on the available studies.Following this overview,we present a roadmap for future research to improve our understanding of how excessive smartphone use can affect the brain,mental health,and cognitive and affective functions.