In this study, we investigated the occurrence and fate of nonylphenol（NP）, nonylphenol monoethoxylate（NP1EO） and nonylphenol diethoxylate（NP2EO） in a full scale sewage treatment plant, which applied an Anaerobic...In this study, we investigated the occurrence and fate of nonylphenol（NP）, nonylphenol monoethoxylate（NP1EO） and nonylphenol diethoxylate（NP2EO） in a full scale sewage treatment plant, which applied an Anaerobic/Oxic process. Concentrations of NP, NP1 EO and NP2 EO in the wastewater were measured during the period spanning a whole year.The results showed remarkable seasonal variation in the concentrations of the compounds.The NPn EO compounds were most abundant in winter, with the total concentrations of influent NP, NP1 EO and NP2 EO ranging from 3900 to 7000 ng/L, 4000 to 4800 ng/L and 5200 to 7200 ng/L, respectively. Regarding the total removal efficiencies of the three types of short-chain NPn EO compounds, different trends were exhibited according to different seasons. The average removal efficiency of NP for the different seasons ranked as follows：winter 〉 summer 〉 autumn 〉 spring; NP2 EO concentrations decreased as follows： summer 〉autumn 〉 winter 〉 spring, while NP1 EO concentrations reduced according to： spring 〉summer 〉 autumn 〉 winter. We also investigated the contribution ratio of individual treatment units in the A/O process, with the findings suggesting that the anaerobic treatment unit plays an important role in the elimination of short-chain NPn EOs from the wastewater.展开更多
Modern production processes in chemical, pharmaceutical and biological industries are characterized by complex process structures, which consist of different apparatuses and process steps. Modeling the entire process ...Modern production processes in chemical, pharmaceutical and biological industries are characterized by complex process structures, which consist of different apparatuses and process steps. Modeling the entire process requires simulating all units altogether, while taking into account interconnections between them, Nevertheless, in the area of solids processing, there is nowadays an unfilled gap from the side of computer support of process modeling in allowing effective optimization and prediction of the behavior of the whole plant, This paper presents a tool for flowsheet simulation which allows the simulation of the stationary behavior of complex processes dealing with solids and its extension towards dynamic modeling, Also, a new simulation concept is proposed on the basis of the multiscale approach. On the macroscale, fiowsheet simulation is performed with the help of the SolidSim system. Parameters for the macromodels in Solid-Sim are predicted by microscale simulation. The models for the two scales are then coupled by inter-scale communication laws. Application of the proposed modeling concept is shown by an example of fluidized bed granulation.展开更多
A production planning system is designed for the whole steelmaking process, which includes desulfurization, vanadium extraction, steelmaking and continuous casting processes of Panzhihua Iron and Steel Corporation. Th...A production planning system is designed for the whole steelmaking process, which includes desulfurization, vanadium extraction, steelmaking and continuous casting processes of Panzhihua Iron and Steel Corporation. The system is composed of modeling module, data interface module, data analysis module, static planning module, re-planning module, plan evaluation module, plan simulation module and human-computer interaction module. The system is connected with the L3 system of steel plant by using the data interface module, which can receive the real time scheduling information to make the static plan and re-plan under production disturbances. The simulation and plan evaluation function of the system can assist decision-maker to check and modify the production plan. The simulation experiments with real process data show that the system can make a feasible, executable, and effective production plan, and deal with primary random disturbances during production process timely.展开更多
基金supported by Heilongjiang Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scientists(No.JC200909)
文摘In this study, we investigated the occurrence and fate of nonylphenol（NP）, nonylphenol monoethoxylate（NP1EO） and nonylphenol diethoxylate（NP2EO） in a full scale sewage treatment plant, which applied an Anaerobic/Oxic process. Concentrations of NP, NP1 EO and NP2 EO in the wastewater were measured during the period spanning a whole year.The results showed remarkable seasonal variation in the concentrations of the compounds.The NPn EO compounds were most abundant in winter, with the total concentrations of influent NP, NP1 EO and NP2 EO ranging from 3900 to 7000 ng/L, 4000 to 4800 ng/L and 5200 to 7200 ng/L, respectively. Regarding the total removal efficiencies of the three types of short-chain NPn EO compounds, different trends were exhibited according to different seasons. The average removal efficiency of NP for the different seasons ranked as follows：winter 〉 summer 〉 autumn 〉 spring; NP2 EO concentrations decreased as follows： summer 〉autumn 〉 winter 〉 spring, while NP1 EO concentrations reduced according to： spring 〉summer 〉 autumn 〉 winter. We also investigated the contribution ratio of individual treatment units in the A/O process, with the findings suggesting that the anaerobic treatment unit plays an important role in the elimination of short-chain NPn EOs from the wastewater.
文摘Modern production processes in chemical, pharmaceutical and biological industries are characterized by complex process structures, which consist of different apparatuses and process steps. Modeling the entire process requires simulating all units altogether, while taking into account interconnections between them, Nevertheless, in the area of solids processing, there is nowadays an unfilled gap from the side of computer support of process modeling in allowing effective optimization and prediction of the behavior of the whole plant, This paper presents a tool for flowsheet simulation which allows the simulation of the stationary behavior of complex processes dealing with solids and its extension towards dynamic modeling, Also, a new simulation concept is proposed on the basis of the multiscale approach. On the macroscale, fiowsheet simulation is performed with the help of the SolidSim system. Parameters for the macromodels in Solid-Sim are predicted by microscale simulation. The models for the two scales are then coupled by inter-scale communication laws. Application of the proposed modeling concept is shown by an example of fluidized bed granulation.
基金Item Sponsored by High Technology Research and Development Program of China(2007AA04Z161)National Natural Science Foundation of China(50574110,50174061)Key Projects of Chongqing Science and Technology Research Projects(CSTC2011AB3053)
文摘A production planning system is designed for the whole steelmaking process, which includes desulfurization, vanadium extraction, steelmaking and continuous casting processes of Panzhihua Iron and Steel Corporation. The system is composed of modeling module, data interface module, data analysis module, static planning module, re-planning module, plan evaluation module, plan simulation module and human-computer interaction module. The system is connected with the L3 system of steel plant by using the data interface module, which can receive the real time scheduling information to make the static plan and re-plan under production disturbances. The simulation and plan evaluation function of the system can assist decision-maker to check and modify the production plan. The simulation experiments with real process data show that the system can make a feasible, executable, and effective production plan, and deal with primary random disturbances during production process timely.
