辽东兰花岭地区古元古代Ⅰ型花岗岩类与辽吉A型花岗岩对比研究

辽东半岛是华北克拉通胶-辽-吉古元古代活动带的重要组成部分,古元古代经历了复杂的构造演化过程,并记录了多期岩浆-变质作用,约2.2 Ga的辽吉A型花岗岩和1.89~1.85 Ga的巨斑状花岗岩、正长岩分别标志着辽东古元古代造山作用的开端和结束。最新研究显示,2.20~2.15 Ga的岩浆作用形成了2种不同类型的花岗岩,它们可能具有不同的岩石成因和构造意义。在青城子铅锌矿集区北部采集的兰花岭、白砬子花岗闪长岩和黄泊辉绿岩,锆石U-Pb年龄分别为2177±19 Ma、2129±36 Ma、1876±29 Ma。花岗闪长岩的岩石成因类型、地球化学特征与典型的约2.2 Ga的辽吉A型花岗岩明显不同,属于弱过铝质、低钾钙碱性—碱性岩石,Zr、Hf、Nb、Rb含量较低,K_(2)O/Na_(2)O值、稀土元素总量极低,为典型的Ⅰ型花岗岩类。根据锆石Lu-Hf同位素分析,ε_(Hf)(t)值为-5.1~9.0,二阶段Hf模式年龄t_(DM2)为2089~2817 Ma,岩浆源区为约2.5 Ga的太古宙地壳物质和少量软流圈地幔物质。兰花岭地区花岗闪长岩具备岛弧或活动大陆边缘的地球化学亲缘属性,可能形成于弧岩浆俯冲挤压环境;结合形成于伸展环境的A型条痕状花岗岩特征,认为约2.2 Ga辽东地区古元古代活动带呈现总体伸展、局部挤压的构造环境,为洋壳板块向龙岗地块俯冲碰撞过程中或碰撞后的弧后盆地。

Lentinula edodes extract inhibits matrix metalloproteinase expression and increases typeⅠprocollagen expression via the p38 MAPK/c-Fos signaling pathway in ultraviolet A and B-irradiated HaCaT keratinocytes

Objective:To determine the effect of Lentinula edodes extract on ultraviolet(UV)A and UVB-induced changes in matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)and type I procollagen expression using human immortalized HaCaT keratinocytes.Methods:Lentinula edodes ethanol extract(LEE)was obtained by extraction with 80%ethanol for 4 h at 80℃.Effect of LEE on UVinduced alteration on the expression and production of MMPs and type I procollagen in keratinocytes was investigated using ELISA,RT-PCR,and Western blotting assay.To determine the underlying mechanism of LEE-mediated effects,mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)and activator protein 1 signaling pathways were analysed by Western blotting assay.Results:LEE significantly inhibited the expression of MMP-1 and MMP-9 and increased the expression of type I procollagen in UVA and UVB-irradiated HaCaT keratinocytes.The phosphorylation levels of p38 were significantly inhibited by LEE whereas it did not affect c-Jun N-terminal kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation.Suppression of p38 phosphorylation was also accompanied by downregulation of UVA and UVB-induced increase in c-Fos.Conclusions:LEE effectively inhibits the expression of MMP-1 and MMP-9 and increases type I procollagen production through the p38 MAPK/c-Fos signaling pathway in UVA and UVB-irradiated HaCaT keratinocytes.This findings suggest that Lentinula edodes may be developed as a cosmetic material to suppress UV exposuremediated skin aging.

氧化苦参碱对皮肤创面愈合中PCNA、α-SMA及Type Ⅰ collagen的影响

目的探讨氧化苦参碱对小鼠皮肤创面愈合中血清增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)、α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)及细胞Ⅰ型胶原蛋白(Type Ⅰ collagen)的影响。方法昆明小鼠背部手术制备1.5 cm×1.5 cm全层皮肤缺损创面模型。自第1 d始,除对照组给予等量生理盐水外,余各组分别按20、40、80 mg/kg给予氧化苦参碱。Van Gieson纤维胶原染色法观察小鼠背部皮肤创面组织胶原纤维的表达;免疫组学法评价创面组织中PCNA、α-SMA及Type Ⅰ collagen的表达。结果Van Gieson纤维胶原染色显示,氧化苦参碱可促进新生肉芽组织、毛细血管及新生纤维胶原生长。免疫组学研究显示,在第7 d时,氧化苦参碱20、40、80 mg/kg使小鼠皮肤创面组织中PCNA表达明显升高(P<0.05);在第9 d、11 d时,氧化苦参碱20 mg/kg使小鼠皮肤创面组织中α-SMA显著增加;氧化苦参碱20 mg/kg在第3 d、11 d,氧化苦参碱40 mg/kg在第3 d,氧化苦参碱80 mg/kg在第3 d、7 d引起Type Ⅰ collagen的表达显著升高(P<0.05)。结论氧化苦参碱能增加皮肤创面愈合中PCNA、α-SMA及Type Ⅰ collagen的表达。

Serum hyaluronic acid, procollagen type Ⅲ and Ⅳ in histological diagnosis of liver fibrosis

OBJECTIVE: To assess the significance of serum hyaluronic acid （HA）, proeollagen type Ⅲ （PCⅢ）,collagen type Ⅳ （CⅣ） in the histological diagnosis of liver fibrosis.METHODS: The concentrations of serum HA, PCⅢ, CⅣ in 253 patients with chronic liver diseases weremeasured by radioimmunoassay. Liver biopsies were performed in all patients at the same time. The liverwas pathologically evaluated by a pathologist according to a scoring system. Combined with the results ofliver pathological diagnosis, the accuracy of serum HA, PCⅢ, CⅣ in diagnosing patients with hepaticfibrosis （staging≥S2） or cirrhosis （S4） was assessed using the receiver operating curve （ROC）.RESULTS: The cutoff values of serum HA, PCⅢ and CⅣ for identifying patients with hepatic fibrosis（≥S2） or cirrhosis （S4） were determined. The cutoff values of serum HA, PCⅢ and CⅣ for detectingpatients with fibrosis （stage≥S2） were 90μg/L, 90μg/L, 75μg/L, respectively; their sensitivity（Se） was 80.4%, 82%, 63.1%; their specificity （Spe） was 70.2%, 60.8%, 83.8%; their positivepredictive values （PPV） were 86.7%, 83.5%, 90.4%; their negative predictive values （NPV） were59.8%, 58.4%, 48.4%, respectively. The cutoff values for detecting patients with liver cirrhosis were210μg/L for HA, 96.2% for Se, 85.3% for Spe, 65.4% for PPV, 98.8% for NPV; 150μg/L forPCⅢ, 76.4% for Se, 68.7% for Spe, 40.4% for PPV, 91.3% for NPV; 90μg/L for CⅣ, 80% forSe, 75.8% for Spe, 47.8% for PPV, 93.2% for NPV, respectively.CONCLUSIONS: Serum HA, PCⅢ and CⅣ can be determined for an accurate diagnosis of hepaticfibrosis in various stages. HA is the best for screening liver cirrhosis.

SERUM CONCENTRATIONS OF HYALURONIC ACID, PROCOLLAGEN TYPE III NH_2-TERMINAL PEPTIDE, AND LAMININ IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE

Objective To explore the role of serum fibrotic indices including hyaluronic acid (HA), procollagen type III NH_ 2-terminal peptide (PCIIIP), and laminin (LN) in assessing the severity of myocardial fibrosis in chronic congestive heart failure (CHF).Methods Serum levels of HA, PCIIIP, and LN in 39 patients with CHF[14 with New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class II, 21 with class III, 4 with class IV]and in 46 patients with NYHA functional class I were assessed by radioimmunoassay.Results The serum concentrations of HA, PCIIIP, and LN were 359.75±84.59 μg/L, 77.88±24.67 μg/L, 86.73±23.90 μg/L in CHF group, and 211.60±54.80 μg/L, 64.82±23.99 μg/L, 82.26±23.98 μg/L in NYHA functional class I group, respectively. The HA level was significantly higher in CHF patients as compared with NYHA functional class I group (P<0.05). However, no difference was found in the levels of PCIIIP and LN between CHF group and NYHA functional class I group. The serum HA concentration was negatively correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction (r=-0.71, P<0.05).Conclusion Serum HA level may act as an indicator for myocardial fibrosis.

Synthesis and high temperature thermoelectric transport properties of Si-based type-Ⅰ clathrates

N-type Si-based typeⅠ clathrates with different Ga content were synthesized by combining the solid-state reaction method,melting method and spark plasma sintering(SPS) method.The effects of Ga composition on high temperature thermoelectric transport properties were investigated.The results show that at room temperature,the carrier concentration decreases,while the carrier mobility increases slightly with increasing Ga content.The Seebeck coefficient increases with increasing Ga content.Among all the samples,Ba7.93Ga17.13Si28.72 exhibits higher Seebeck coefficient than the others and reaches 135 μV·K-1 at 1000 K.The sample prepared by this method exhibits very high electrical conductivity,and reaches 1.95×105 S·m-1 for Ba8.01Ga16.61Si28.93 at room temperature.The thermal conductivity of all samples is almost temperature independent in the temperature range of 300-1000 K,indicating the behaviour of a typical metal.The maximum ZT value of 0.75 is obtained at 1000 K for the compound Ba7.93Ga17.13Si28.72.

Features and imbibition mechanisms of Winsor Ⅰ type surfactant solution in oil-wet porous media

The relationship between NaCl concentration and the phase change behavior of microemulsion of anionic surfactant was characterized by the salinity scan experiments.The wettability of WinsorⅠtype surfactant solution(WⅠsolution)and the effect of NaCL concentration on phase change behavior of WⅠsolution and imbibition in oil-wet porous media were investigated by microfluidic experiments in this study.The WⅠsolution and WinsorⅠtype microemulsion are similar in wetting phase with stronger wettability than other phases.Two main mechanisms of WⅠsolution enhancing imbibitions recovery in oil wet porous media are the wetting phase drive and residual oil solubilization.Under the salinity condition of WinsorⅠtype microemulsion,the NaCl concentration has strong impact on the imbibition mechanism of WⅠsolution,the higher the NaCl concentration,the complex the imbibition process and the higher the imbibition efficiency will be.The NaCl concentration has strong impact on the solubilization ability to oil of the WⅠsolution,the higher the NaCl concentration,the stronger the solubility of the WⅠsolution to residual oil will be.

一类广义Type Ⅰ函数的多目标优化问题

对于非光滑多目标优化的模型,定义了几种广义Type Ⅰ函数,研究了广义Type Ⅰ函数的多目标优化问题,得到了有效解的最优性条件.

TypeⅠinositol 1, 4, 5-triphosphate receptors increase in kidney of mice with fulminant hepatic failure

AIM: To delineate the mechanisms of renal vasocon- striction in hepatorenal syndrome (HRS), we investigated the expression of typeⅠinositol 1, 4, 5-triphosphate receptors (IP3RⅠ) of kidney in mice with fulminant hepatic failure (FHF). METHODS: FHF was induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in D-galactosamine (GalN) sensitized BALB/c mice. There were 20 mice in normal saline (NS)-treated group, 20 mice in LPS-treated group, 20 mice in GalN- treated group, and 60 mice in GalN/LPS-treated group (FHF group). Liver and kidney tissues were obtained at 2, 6, and 9 h after administration. The liver and kidney specimens were stained with hematoxylin-eosin for studying morphological changes under light microscope. The expression of IP3RⅠin kidney tissue was tested by immunohistochemistry, Western blot and reverse transcription (RT)-PCR. RESULTS: Kidney tissues were morphologically normal at all time points in all groups. IP3RⅠproteins were found localized in the plasma region of glomerular mesangial cells (GMC) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) in kidney by immunohistochemical staining. In kidney of mice with FHF at 6 h and 9 h IP3RⅠstaining was up- regulated. Results from Western blot demonstrated consistent and significant increment of IP3RⅠexpression in mice with FHF at 6 h and 9 h (t = 3.16, P < 0.05; t = 5.43, P < 0.01). Furthermore, we evaluated IP3RⅠ mRNA expression by RT-PCR and observed marked up- regulation of IP3RⅠmRNA in FHF samples at 2 h, 6 h and 9 h compared to controls (t = 2.97, P < 0.05; t = 4.42, P < 0.01; t = 3.81, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The expression of IP3RⅠprotein increased in GMC and renal VSMC of mice with FHF, possibly caused by up-regulation of IP3RⅠmRNA.

Type Ⅰ kerogen-rich oil shale from the Democratic Republic of the Congo: mineralogical description and pyrolysis kinetics

The Democratic Republic of the Congo holds important reserves of oil shale which is still under geological status.Herein,the characterization and pyrolysis kinetics of typeⅠkerogen-rich oil shale of the western Central Kongo(CK)were investigated.X-ray diffraction,Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and thermal analysis(TG/DTA)showed that CK oil shale exhibits a siliceous mineral matrix with a consistent organic matter rich in aliphatic chains.The pyrolysis behavior of kerogen revealed the presence of a single mass loss between 300 and 550°C,estimated at 12.5%and attributed to the oil production stage.Non-isothermal kinetics was performed by determining the activation energy using the iterative isoconversional model-free methods and exhibits a constant value with E=211.5±4.7 kJ mol.1.The most probable kinetic model describing the kerogen pyrolysis mechanism was obtained using the Coats–Redfern and Arrhenius plot methods.The results showed a unique kinetic triplet confirming the nature of kerogen,predominantly typeⅠand reinforcing the previously reported geochemical characteristics of the CK oil shale.Besides,the calculation of thermodynamic parameters(ΔH~*,ΔS~*andΔG~*)corresponding to the pyrolysis of typeⅠkerogen revealed that the process is non-spontaneous,in agreement with DTA experiments.

Type Ⅰ neurofibromatosis with spindle cell sarcoma: A case report

BACKGROUND Neurofibromatosis type Ⅰ(NF1) is the most frequent subtype of neurofibromatosis. Its related tumor-suppressor syndromes are characterized by a predisposition to multiple tumor types and other disorder presentations. In addition, the incidence of tumors is much higher in patients with neurofibromatosis type Ⅰ. However, there are very few reports at home and abroad on this topic. Here, we present a case of NF1 with spindle cell sarcoma.CASE SUMMARY A 50-year-old male was found to have a right axillary mass for 20 years.Specialist examination found cafe-au-lait spots on many parts of the skin,rounded nodules in the skin, a bulge in the right armpit, touching a lump(10 cm× 6 cm, hard, unclear boundary, poor mobility, local tenderness). The anterior side of the thigh felt weakened on the opposite side;in the right groin a swollen lymph node(hard, clear border, good mobility, local tenderness). According to the results of positron emission tomography/computed tomography, puncture pathology and immunohistochemistry, genetic testing, a diagnosis of NF1 with spindle cell sarcoma was confirmed. According to the genetic testing result, the patient was given a targeted treatment with crizotinib.CONCLUSION Surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy are the main treatment methods of NF1. However, with the continuous progress of molecular biology research,molecular targeted therapy may bring benefits for patients.

Significance of elevated serum concentration of type Ⅰ collagen metabolites and its correlation with serum interleukin 6 activities in multiple myeloma

In this study, serum concentrations of carboxyterminal propeptide of type Ⅰ collagen(PICP) and carboxyterminal cross-linked telopeptide of type Ⅰ collagen (ICTP), which represent the rates of synthesis and degradation of type Ⅰ collagen, were determined by radioimmunoassay in 56 patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and 22 healthy controls. It was discovered that serum concentrations of both PICP and ICTP were higher in MM than those in healthy controls (P<0. 01 ). With the disease progressing and the number of bone lesions increasing,serum concentration of ICTP elevated while serum concentration of PICP showed no significant change. Neither serum PICP nor ICTP concentration was related to M-component classes. Our results indicated that serum ICTP concentration was a good serological marker to reflect severity of bone lesions in MM and elevated serum PICP concentration might be due to compensatory increase in type Ⅰ collagen synthesis. Moreover, we also found that serum ICTP concentrations in MM correlated with serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) activities (r= 0. 610, P< 0. 01),which confirms the effectiveness of IL-6 as an osteoclast activating factor.

Association of bone turnover biomarkers with severe intracranial and extracranial artery stenosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

BACKGROUND Intracranial and extracranial artery stenosis is associated with cerebral infarction.Vascular calcification and atherosclerosis are the main causes of stenosis and major risk factors for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Bone turnover biomarkers(BTMs)are associated with vascular calcification,atherosclerosis,glucose,and lipid metabolism.AIM To investigate the association of circulating BTM levels with severe intracranial and extracranial artery stenosis in patients with T2DM.METHODS For this cross-sectional study including 257 T2DM patients,levels of the BTMs serum osteocalcin(OC),C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen(CTX),and procollagen type I N-peptide were measured by electrical chemiluminescent immunoassay,and artery stenosis was assessed by color Doppler and transcranial Doppler.Patients were grouped according to the existence and location(intracranial vs.extracranial)of artery stenosis.Correlations between BTM levels,previous stroke,stenosis location,and glucose and lipid metabolism were analyzed.RESULTS T2DM patients with severe artery stenosis had a higher frequency of previous stroke and levels of all three tested BTMs(all P<0.05)than patients without.Some differences in OC and CTX levels were observed according to the location of artery stenosis.Significant associations were also observed between BTM levels and some glucose and lipid homeostasis parameters.On multivariate logistic regression analysis,all BTMs were significant predictors of artery stenosis in T2DM patients with and without adjustment for confounding factors(all P<0.001),and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated the ability of BTM levels to predict artery stenosis in T2DM patients.CONCLUSION BTM levels were found to be independent risk factors for severe intracranial and extracranial artery stenosis and were differentially associated with glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with T2DM.Therefore,BTMs may be promising biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for artery stenosis.

Novel electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone)/type Ⅰ collagen nanofiber conduits for repair of peripheral nerve injury

Recent studies have shown the potential of artificially synthesized conduits in the repair of peripheral nerve injury.Natural biopolymers have received much attention because of their biocompatibility.To investigate the effects of novel electrospun absorbable poly(ε-caprolactone)/type I collagen nanofiber conduits(biopolymer nanofiber conduits)on the repair of peripheral nerve injury,we bridged 10-mm-long sciatic nerve defects with electrospun absorbable biopolymer nanofiber conduits,poly(ε-caprolactone)or silicone conduits in Sprague-Dawley rats.Rat neurologica1 function was weekly evaluated using sciatic function index within 8 weeks after repair.Eight weeks after repair,sciatic nerve myelin sheaths and axon morphology were observed by osmium tetroxide staining,hematoxylin-eosin staining,and transmission electron microscopy.S-100(Schwann cell marker)and CD4(inflammatory marker)immunoreactivities in sciatic nerve were detected by immunohistochemistry.In rats subjected to repair with electrospun absorbable biopolymer nanofiber conduits,no serious inflammatory reactions were observed in rat hind limbs,the morphology of myelin sheaths in the injured sciatic nerve was close to normal.CD4 immunoreactivity was obviously weaker in rats subjected to repair with electrospun absorbable biopolymer nanofiber conduits than in those subjected to repair with poly(ε-caprolactone)or silicone.Rats subjected to repair with electrospun absorbable biopolymer nanofiber conduits tended to have greater sciatic nerve function recovery than those receiving poly(ε-caprolactone)or silicone repair.These results suggest that electrospun absorbable poly(ε-caprolactone)/type I collagen nanofiber conduits have the potential of repairing sciatic nerve defects and exhibit good biocompatibility.All experimental procedures were approved by Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Taichung Veteran General Hospital,Taiwan,China(La-1031218)on October 2,2014.

Protein Flexibility and Multiple Docking in Ligand Docking and Virtual Screening to the BRAF(TypeⅠ1/2)Inhibitors

BRAF has been recognized as a promising target for cancer therapy. A number of crystal structures have been published. Molecular docking is one of the most effective techniques in the field of computer-aided drug design(CADD). Appropriate protein conformation and docking method are essential for the successful virtual screening experiments. One approach considering protein flexibility and multiple docking methods was proposed in this study. Six DFG-in/αC-helix-out crystal structures of BRAF, three docking programs(Glide, GOLD and Ligand Fit) and 12 scoring functions were applied for the best combination by judging from the results of pose prediction and retrospective virtual screening(VS). The most accurate results(mean RMSD of about 0.6 ?) of pose prediction were obtained with two complex structures(PDB: 3 C4 C and 3 SKC) using Glide SP. From the retrospective VS, the most active compounds were identified by using the complex structure of 3 SKC, indicated by a ROC/AUC score of 0.998 and an EF of 20.6 at 5% of the database screen with Glide-SP. On the whole, PDB 3 SKC could achieve a higher rate of correct reproduction, a better enrichment and more diverse compounds. A comparison of 3 SKC and the other X-ray crystal structures led to a rationale for the docking results. PDB 3 SKC could achieve a broad range of sulfonamide substitutions through an expanded hydrophobic pocket formed by a further shift of the αC-helix. Our study emphasized the necessity and significance of protein flexibility and scoring functions in both ligand docking and virtual screening.

Neurofibromatosis type Ⅰ caused by a splicing mutation in NF1 using targeted next generation sequencing

Objective Neurofibromatosis typeⅠ(NF1)is an autosomal dominant disorder which is caused by loss-of-function mutations in neurofibromin 1 gene(NF1).Clinically,NF1 mainly manifests several typical features,such as multiple neurofibromas and café-au-lait spots,as well as axillary freckling and Lisch nodules in iris.The aim of the current study is to identification a splicing mutation and genotype-phenotype correlation.

Meta-analysis of lymph node metastasis in Siewert type Ⅰ and Ⅱ T1 adenocarcinomas

AIM To evaluate the incidence of lymph node metastasis(LNM) and its risk factors in patients with Siewert type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ pT1 adenocarcinomas.METHODS We enrolled 85 patients [69 men, 16 women; median age(range), 67(38-84) years] who had undergone esophagectomy or proximal gastrectomy for Siewert type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ pT1 adenocarcinomas. Predictive risk factors of LNM included age, sex, location of the tumor center, confirmed Barrett's esophageal adenocarcinoma, tumor size, macroscopic tumor type, pathology, invasion depth, presence of ulceration, and lymphovascular invasion. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors predicting LNM. We also evaluated the frequencies of LNM for Siewert type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ pT1 adenocarcinomas in meta-data analysis.RESULTS LNMs were found in 11 out of 85 patients(12.9%, 95%CI: 5.8-20.0). Only 1 of the 15 patients(6.6%, 95%CI: 0.0-19.2) who had a final diagnosis of pT1a adenocarcinoma had a positive LNM, whereas 10 ofthe 70 patients(14.2%, 95%CI: 6.0-22.4) with a final diagnosis of pT1b adenocarcinoma had positive LNM. Furthermore, only one of the 30 patients(3.3%, 95%CI: 0.0-9.7) with a tumor invasion depth within 500 μm from muscularis mucosae had positive LNM. Poor differentiation and lymphovascular invasion were independently associated with a risk of LNM. In meta-data analysis, 12 of the 355 patients(3.3%, 95%CI: 1.5-5.2) who had a final diagnosis of pT1a adenocarcinoma had a positive LNM, whereas 91 of the 438 patients(20.7%, 95%CI: 16.9-24.5) with a final diagnosis of pT1b adenocarcinoma had positive LNM. CONCLUSION We consider endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD) is suitable for patients with Siewert type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ T1 a adenocarcinomas. For patients with T1b adenocarcinoma, especially invasion depth is within 500 μm from muscularis mucosae with no other risk factor for LNM, diagnostic ESD could be a treatment option according to the overall status of patients and the presence of comorbidities.

CD47 decline in pancreatic islet cells promotes macrophage-mediated phagocytosis in type Ⅰ diabetes

BACKGROUND Type Ⅰ diabetes(T1D)is characterized by insulin loss caused by inflammatory cells that excessively infiltrate and destroy the pancreas,resulting in dysregulation of tissue homeostasis,mechanobiological properties,and the immune response.The streptozotocin(STZ)-induced mouse model exhibits multiple features of human T1D and enables mechanistic analysis of disease progression.However,the relationship between the mechanochemical signaling regulation of STZ-induced T1D and macrophage migration and phagocytosis is unclear.AIM To study the mechanochemical regulation of STZ-induced macrophage response on pancreatic beta islet cells to gain a clearer understanding of T1D.METHODS We performed experiments using different methods.We stimulated isolated pancreatic beta islet cells with STZ and then tested the macrophage migration and phagocytosis.RESULTS In this study,we discovered that the integrin-associated surface factor CD47 played a critical role in immune defense in the STZ-induced T1D model by preventing pancreatic beta islet inflammation.In comparison with healthy mice,STZ-treated mice showed decreased levels of CD47 on islet cells and reduced interaction of CD47 with signal regulatory proteinα(SIRPα),which negatively regulates macrophage-mediated phagocytosis.This resulted in weakened islet cell immune defense and promoted macrophage migration and phagocytosis of target inflammatory cells.Moreover,lipopolysaccharide-activated human acute monocytic leukemia THP-1 cells also exhibited enhanced phagocytosis in the STZ-treated islets,and the aggressive attack of the inflammatory islets correlated with impaired CD47-SIRPαinteractions.In addition,CD47 overexpression rescued the pre-labeled targeted cells.CONCLUSION This study indicates that CD47 deficiency promotes the migration and phagocytosis of macrophages and provides mechanistic insights into T1D by associating the interactions between membrane structures and inflammatory disease progression.

Effect of Sishen pill on expression of type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ interferon in acute ulcerative colitis mice model

Objective:To investigate the effects of Sishen pill on the expression of type I interferon(IFN)and type III interferon and their receptors in colonic tissues of mice with acute ulcerative colitis(UC).Methods:Male C57BL/6Cnc mice were randomly divided into control group,model group,sishenwan group and salazosulfapyridine group.The model was made with 0.2 mL 4%dextran sodium sulfate(DSS)for 5 days,and the control group was given 0.2mL normal saline by gavage.On the second day of modeling,sishen pill group was given 0.2mL 1.5 g·kg^(-1) sishen pill,and SASP group was given 0.2mL 0.25 g·kg^(-1) sulfasalazine,twice a day,for 7 days.During the administration period,the disease activity index(DAI)of mice was calculated every day.After administration,the histopathological changes of colon tissues of mice in each group were observed by hematoxylin eosin(HE)staining,and the histological scores were calculated.The expression of IFN-α,IFN-β,IFN-λ2 and IFN-λ3 mRNAs in colon tissues of mice in each group were detected by qRT-PCR.The expression levels of IFN-α,IFN-β,IFN-λ2 and IFN-λ3 in colon tissues of mice in each group were detected by ELISA.Western blot was used to detect the expression of interferon receptors IFNAR1,IFNAR2 and IFNLR1 in colon tissues of mice in each group.Results:Compared with the control group,the DAI of mice increased significantly(P<0.001)in the model group.The inflammatory cells in colonic tissues infiltrated heavily,lymph nodes enlarged,colonic mucosal structure destroyed,crypt structure lost,inflammation involved a wide range,and the histological score increased significantly(P<0.001).The levels of IFN-α,IFN-βand IFNλ2 mRNA were significantly decreased(P<0.05,P<0.05,P<0.01).The expression levels of IFN-α,IFN-β,IFN-λ2 and IFN-λ3 were significantly decreased(P<0.01,P<0.01,P<0.001,P<0.001).The levels of IFNAR1,IFNAR2 and IFNLR1 were significantly decreased(P<0.01,P<0.05,P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the DAI decreased significantly(P<0.001)in Sishen pill group,the infiltration of inflammatory cells in colon tissue were significantly reduced,the structural regeneration of colon mucosa was significantly recovered,the crypt structure was significantly recovered,the lymph nodes were significantly reduced,the range of inflammation involvement was reduced,and the histological score was significantly reduced(P<0.001).The levels of IFN-α,IFN-βand IFN-λ2 mRNA were significantly increased(P<0.01,P<0.001,P<0.001).The levels of IFN-α,IFN-β,IFN-λ2 and IFN-λ3 were significantly increased(P<0.01,P<0.001,P<0.01,P<0.001).The levels of IFNAR1,IFNAR2 and IFNLR1 were significantly increased(P<0.05,P<0.001,P<0.05).Conclusion:Sishen pill may alleviate the symptoms and signs of mice with acute ulcerative colitis by regulating the expression of type I and type III interferon and their receptors in colon tissues.

基于机场Type Ⅰ ILS设备进行CAT Ⅱ ILS试飞的可行性研究

进行CATⅡILS试飞的前提是机场具备TypeⅡILS设备,国内符合条件的机场皆为大型枢纽机场,诸多运行限制将极大影响试飞效率。为了增加机场选择裕度,加快试飞进程,在国内首次提出采用具有TypeⅠILS进行CATⅡILS试飞的新方法,并从适航条款、技术要求等方面详细分析其可行性。结果表明:此方法满足适航审定要求,切实可行,是一种有效的能实际运用于国内大多数Ⅰ类运行条件机场的试飞方法。