An Empirical Study on Chinese City Network Pattern Based on Producer Services

Globalization and informatization have accelerated city networking process over the world, which makes research on city network a hot topic in the fields of urban geography and economic geography. With Chinese economic structure adjustment and city economic growth, producer services have begun to play an increasingly important role in city-region networking. This paper employs the methodology of world city network to analyze and explain the spatial development characteristics of China's urban network system based on the data of nationwide producer services enterprise network. The research result indicated that the distribution of producer services network has a positive effect on the development of Chinese city networks. City network connectivity is closely related to the significance of city in producer services development, and the former will gradually decline with the drop of the latter. Accordingly, the 64 cities can be divided into the national central cities, regional central cities, sub-regional central cities and local central cities in accordance with their position and role in the nationwide producer services network. It is concluded that high-grade cities with quality producer services dominate the pattern of Chinese city networks and there emerges three spatial agglomerations of producer services enterprises in Changjiang (Yangtze) River Delta, Zhujiang (Pearl) River Delta and Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan Economical Region. Moreover, the distribution of different producer services industry varies from city to city, which also affects the characteristics of network development.

Relationship Between Producer Services Developing Level and Urban Hierarchy——A Case Study of Zhujiang River Delta

As the Central Place Theory indicates, the centricity of a central city can influence the extension of its ser- vice. Since the service industry in the theory is mostly consumer services, it is worth studying the relationship between the producer services and the centricity of the city in the service society with producer services becoming a more im- portant part of the service industry. The paper takes the case of the Zhujiang (Pearl) River Delta (PRD), a developed region in China, to study the relationship between the developing level of producer services and the urban hierarchy. Based on the analysis about the spatial difference of the producer services in the nine cities of the PRD, and the divi- sion of the nine cities according to some economic indices, it is shown that there is a correlation between the develop- ing level of producer services and the urban hierarchy. Furthermore, two deductions about the future status of the pro- ducer services in the city and the location of the producer services in a large region can be made from this correlation between the developing level of producer services and the urban hierarchy.

Comprehensive Assessment and Promotion Policy of Producer Services' Competitiveness in Beijing City:A Comparative Analysis among Beijing,Tianjin,Shanghai,Guangzhou and Shenzhen

The five central cities-Beijing,Tianjin,Shanghai,Guangzhou and Shenzhen-of the three most important strategic regions in China,namely Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolitan region,the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta,are taken as a comparative analysis on urban producer services' competitiveness,especially focusing on the comparative advantages and disadvantages of producer services in Beijing.Firstly,based on an integrated indicator system including one objective hierarchy,four standard hierarchies and 35 indicator hierarchies,the study applies factor analysis model and analytic hierarchy process model reformed by entropy technology to measure the comprehensive competitiveness of producer services in the above five cities.Secondly,Beijing has comparative advantages of capital resource,industrial base,scientific research resource and market scale,since it takes the first place of the five cities in the comprehensive competitiveness of producer services,the competitiveness of industrial development,business environment and living environment,only inferior to Shanghai in the competitiveness of talent capital.Thirdly,Beijing has comparative disadvantages in the level of producer services development,urban innovation capability and living environment.Finally,five proposals are put forth to enhance the competitiveness of producer services in Beijing,namely perfecting the system of laws and statutes,supporting the development of industry association,implementing scientific development planning,introducing preferential fiscal and taxation policies and strengthening human capital reserve.

Research on the Formation Mechanism for the Co-agglomeration of Producer Services and Manufacturing in the Guangdong- Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is witnessing a surge in economic development,showcasing robust resilience in the co-agglomeration of producer services and manufacturing industries,along with the increasingly evident impact generated by such co-agglomeration.Based on the panel data collected from ten cities in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area(excluding Zhaoqing)spanning from 2010 to 2020,we examined the formation mechanism for industrial co-agglomeration in the area from three dimensions:industrial correlation,spatial correlation,and policy guidance.Our analysis was based on a vertical correlation model and was validated using the seemingly unrelated regressions(SUR)method.The findings are as follows:(a)There currently exists no spatial correlation between the producer services and manufacturing sectors in the area,and the correlation between the two remains limited to the former providing specialized services to the latter.(b)Policy guidance has a positive impact on the location selection of industries within the area.By implementing a comprehensive range of favorable policies,local governments can provide effective and scientifically guided recommendations regarding the location of producer services and manufacturing sectors.Therefore,it is crucial to foster the collaboration between producer services and manufacturing sectors and further enhance the co-agglomeration between the two sectors.In addition,the government authorities should also strive to enhance its economic governance capacity,thereby facilitating the formation of such co-agglomeration.

An Empirical Research of Producer Services＇ Cluster Development To Regional Industrial Structure Optimization And Upgrading --Based on the Research of 16 central cities＇ Panel Data in Yangtze River Delta

Based on the 16 central cities＇ Panel Data in Yangtze River Delta, location quotient index is used in this paper to measure and analyze the current cluster situation of producer services in Yangtze River Delta, fixed effects model of Panel Data model is also used in this paper, and the industrial structure is taken as the dependent variable, while the core explanatory variables is the degree of producer services＇ cluster development, which is calculated by location quotient, moreover, three control variables introduced in this paper and they are technology advantage, education level and R＆D spending, and the mentioned above is to empirically study the impacts of producer services＇ cluster development to the regional industrial structure. As a result, producer services＇ cluster development has a significant positive role in promoting the regional industrial structure optimization and upgrading, though the extent is not yet a big push and is still to be further strengthened. In this paper, it has provided a strong evidence that under China＇ s new normal economy, producer services is badly needed to promote regional industrial structure, and finally it makes specific suggestions based on the current cluster situation of producer services in Yangtze River Delta.

生产性服务业集聚对碳生产率的空间溢出效应

为探究生产性服务业集聚能否成为解决“稳增长、促减排”两难困境的良方,论文基于2009—2020年中国30个省份的面板数据,构建中介与空间效应模型,探讨生产性服务业集聚与碳生产率的影响机制和时空特征并进行空间溢出效应分析。结果表明:生产性服务业集聚显著提高碳生产率并存在异质性特征,其促进作用自东部到西部逐渐显著,高端生产性服务业集聚更能推动碳生产率发展;科技创新在生产性服务业集聚影响碳生产率过程中发挥中介作用;本地生产性服务业集聚通过辐射效应对邻近地区碳生产率水平产生正向空间溢出效应,有助于形成地区间绿色协调发展的空间格局。

复合驱注采液中活性剂PS浓度的高效液相色谱分析方法研究

合成了强阴离子交换及硅胶基质ODS键合高效液相色谱 (HPLC)柱填料。针对胜利油田复合 (碱 +表面活性剂 +聚合物 )驱油工程实施的需要 ,建立了适合于注采液中表面活性剂PS的HPLC分析方法。该方法对PS标准样品的最小检出限为 0 .4mg/L ,线性范围为 5 0mg/L～ 10 0 0mg/L ,回收率为 95 .7%～ 99.8%。实践证明 ,该方法的建立为油田的复合驱油配方设计、注入方案调整、产品质量监控及驱油机理研究等提供了有力的技术支持。

基于Web Service的供应链异常处理研究

为了支持供应链成员在异常情况下的连续物料采购过程,在分析生产商的物料采购和服务异常情况处理流程的基础上,提出了由异常事件触发、应用Web Service技术解决动态供应链环境下异常问题的原理和步骤,并给出了一个采购代理原型、主要的Web服务操作、关系数据库模式和部分Web服务关键代码。该方法可在较大程度上使供应链成员自动适应变化了的业务环境。

基于Web Services的远程监测技术在水泥生产中的应用

建立基于Web Services的水泥生产远程监测系统,可以对生产过程中的工艺参数和主要设备的工作状况进行远程监测;实现水泥生产监测数据远程实时管理的同时,通过多种数据管理方式,为企业管理人员提供辅助决策支持。基于Web Services的企业集成框架,使得监测系统可以自然地集成到企业应用系统当中,实现生产信息的共享。

Producer/Consumer通信模式在ControlNet上的实现

本文主要介绍了Producer/Consumer通信模式的传送原理,以及它是如何通过CTDMA算法在ControlNet上实现的,并说明了ControlNet的组态及网络中的Keeper所发挥的作用。另外,根据使用ControlNet的经验,介绍了在使用ControlNet时应该注意的一些问题。

高铁建设与上游生产性服务业发展——基于PSM-DID的实证检验

本文基于服务业价值链视角,通过区分生产性服务业上下游活动,构建上游生产性服务业发展水平指标,结合依托于"准自然实验"的PSM-DID方法,实证检验了高铁建设与上游生产性服务业发展间的关系。结果显示:中国的高铁建设显著降低了上游生产性服务业发展水平,高铁建设并不是有效促进城市上游服务业发展的充分条件;相较于东部地区,高铁建设对西部地区的负效应更强,而在中部地区高铁建设对上游生产性服务业发展的影响不显著;高铁建设对上游生产性服务业发展的影响存在一定滞后性,且边际效应呈逐步递增趋势。本文研究为进一步借助高铁建设拓展区域发展空间、优化生产性服务业内部结构、实现区域经济协调发展,因地制宜地制定政策提供了依据。

基于Web Service技术的农产品溯源系统开发研究

随着物联网的兴起,各个领域都在现有问题开发相关的物联网应用系统,物联网技术不是新技术,它是综合应用现有技术,进行整合开发的技术。本文主要阐述农产品溯源系统中,Web Service技术的应用开发思想。在运用Web Service技术后,以解决不同平台间的服务共享问题,同时使系统的功能得以复用。正是基于Web Service技术的优势,使得农产品溯源系统相关数据交互问题得到圆满解决。同时在系统其他应用领域中,Web Service技术也能有效解决涉及的厂家内部之间、不同厂商之间、不同系统平台开发之间的数据交互问题。

基于华为PS业务识别的信道资源配置策略研究

介绍了在CS(电路交换域)/PS(分组交换域)资源共享的GSM网络中,如何通过华为PS业务识别特性进行PS业务类型的资源精细管控配置及合理调度,从而让信道资源使用更加合理,同时提升PS价值业务感知。

Hydrologic Monitoring Plan of the Brazilian Water Producer/PCJ Project

Both Ecosystem-based Adaptation (EbA) and Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) have a wide range of strategies that include different economic instruments for nature conservation. Although the generation and maintenance of payment for hydrologic ecosystem services (Water-PES) is expanding in Brazil, there are difficulties in the implementation of projects. Due to the complexity and non-linearity of the hydrological processes, also affecting both EbA and Water-PES goals, monitoring quali-quantitative aspects of streams have been here addressed as a useful management tool. This study presents the Hydrological Monitoring Plan (HMP) of the Water Producer/PCJ project, operating between 2009-2014, in order to: 1) evaluate the impact of project actions under water quali-quantitative aspects;and 2) promote the incorporation of HMP’s elements in water resources management. HMP of the Water Producer/PCJ project has been implemented following the conditions for efficiency (baseline, long-term scale compatible with the actions of the project, in the experimental and reference watersheds). In addition, HMP is being implemented from upstream to downstream in catchments with areas ranging from 17 to 130 km2. This proposal favors the quantification and valuation of hydrologic services that could be assessed by ecohydrologic monitoring and modeling. Thus, we look forward to the consolidation of the Brazilian information system of water resources, the reduction of modeling uncertainties and integrated assessment of the consequences of land-use/land-cover change that strongly impact goals of EbA and Water-PES initiatives.

农业社会化服务与小农户的组织化:不同服务模式的比较

本研究通过对比政府主导型、市场主导型和村集体经济组织主导型社会化服务模式,讨论了小农户如何被组织起来以及组织成本由谁承担的问题。在由政府主导的社会化服务模式中,小农户因受到政府补贴的吸引而达成了临时的合作,但这种组织化具有暂时性。在市场主导型社会化服务模式中,小农户或被整合到规模经营主体的种植模式中,或被服务组织重塑。在这两种服务模式中,小农户都是被动的参与者,其组织化程度并未提高。村集体经济组织可能通过重建与小农户的双向权责均衡关系,通过收取服务费用的方式来解决组织成本问题。这种双向的权责均衡关系使村集体经济组织与小农户之间建立起有机的利益联结,从而使该组织对小农户的组织和动员成为可能。

数字经济影响制造业结构优化的机理与实证研究

在剖析数字经济影响制造业结构优化的理论分析的基础上,从生产性服务业集聚视角切入,构建“数字经济-生产性服务业集聚-制造业结构优化”的分析框架,并使用2011~2020年制造业细分行业和各省以及城市制造业相关数据进行实证检验,以考察数字经济对制造业结构优化的影响。研究表明:数字经济能够有效推动制造业结构优化,在进行工具变量法等稳健性检验后结论仍然成立;生产性服务业集聚是数字经济影响制造业结构优化的重要机制,并且这种机制作用更多地通过高技术生产性服务业发挥的集聚效应实现;数字经济对制造业结构优化的影响存在明显的行业和区域异质性。

数字经济对生产性服务业和制造业融合发展的影响研究

数字经济对促进生产性服务业与制造业的融合具有重要意义,基于2011-2020年中国31个省份的面板数据,通过运用固定效应模型、中介效应模型和面板门槛模型等进行实证检验,探索数字经济对生产性服务业与制造业融合的影响机制。研究发现:①数字经济能够显著促进生产性服务业与制造业融合,经过稳健性检验之后结论仍成立;②数字经济随着生产性服务业和制造业的发展水平的提高对“两业”融合程度的促进更为显著;③数字经济通过技术引进和自主研发正向促进“两业”融合;④数字经济发展对“两业”融合度的促进作用呈现出“边际效应”递增的非线性特征;⑤不同区域间数字经济发展对“两业”融合程度的影响存在差异,东部地区在数字经济促进“两业”融合度上领先于中部和西部地区。

数字经济发展对生产性服务业全球价值链韧性的影响

数字经济迅猛发展,在推动全球服务贸易格局转变的同时,促进我国生产性服务业全球价值链韧性增强。选取2012—2021年ADB MRIO数据库中62个国家样本数据,从互联网发展、数字普惠金融发展与数字技术应用三重视角出发,验证数字经济发展对生产性服务业全球价值链韧性的影响。结果发现:①数字经济发展水平提升能显著增强各国生产性服务业全球价值链韧性,其中数字技术应用的作用效果更显著,在经过一系列稳健性与内生性检验后结论依然成立;②服务贸易自由化与要素一体化是数字经济发展增强生产性服务业全球价值链韧性的重要途径;③数字经济发展对生产性服务业全球价值链韧性的影响因行业生命周期和目的国(地区)不同而存在较大差异。最后,提出完善数字经济法律制度、积极推动服务贸易自由化、加快要素市场一体化改革等政策建议,可为数字经济发展赋能生产性服务业全球价值链韧性提升提供理论支撑。

生产性服务业集聚与城市绿色全要素生产率:数字经济下的新机制与新证据

数字经济时代,生产性服务业集聚如何驱动城市绿色全要素生产率提升?在分析相关影响机理的基础上,使用2012—2019年中国281个城市数据进行实证检验,并探讨其间接路径和空间溢出效应。结果显示:数字经济下的生产性服务业集聚更有利于城市绿色全要素生产率提升,但城市区位、城市发展阶段、产业集聚模式和行业类型均会使上述影响产生差异性效果;机制检验表明,数字经济下生产性服务业集聚通过影响城市创业活跃度和资本要素流动进而影响城市绿色全要素生产率;进一步分析表明,数字经济下的生产性服务业集聚对周边城市绿色全要素生产率具有显著的空间溢出效应。因此,应把握好数字经济发展机遇,通过生产性服务业集聚来更强有力地提升城市绿色全要素生产率。

生鲜电商流通模式演化与服务价值创造——盒马鲜生和京东生鲜的双案例研究

通过剖析盒马鲜生以新颖导向型流通模式为起点的服务价值创造过程,京东生鲜以效率导向型流通模式为起点的服务价值创造过程,提出了以不同生鲜电商流通模式为起点的服务价值创造的实现机理;通过分析生鲜电商的服务价值创造结果,进一步提出了“双重导向”型流通模式及其服务价值创造的实现机理。研究发现,生鲜电商流通模式的关键构成包括服务提供、能力迭代、场景发展和价值变现;根据构成要素的不同组合,将流通模式细分为新颖导向型、效率导向型和“双重导向”型,其服务价值创造的实现机理反映了多样性互补和聚焦性互补的重要性作用;“双重导向”型生鲜电商流通模式是新颖导向型流通模式和效率导向型流通模式演化的共同结果。