An asymmetrically variable wingtip anhedral angles morphing aircraft based on incremental sliding mode control:Improving lateral maneuver capability

This paper presents the design of an asymmetrically variable wingtip anhedral angles morphing aircraft,inspired by biomimetic mechanisms,to enhance lateral maneuver capability.Firstly,we establish a lateral dynamic model considering additional forces and moments resulting during the morphing process,and convert it into a Multiple Input Multiple Output(MIMO)virtual control system by importing virtual inputs.Secondly,a classical dynamics inversion controller is designed for the outer-loop system.A new Global Fast Terminal Incremental Sliding Mode Controller(NDO-GFTISMC)is proposed for the inner-loop system,in which an adaptive law is implemented to weaken control surface chattering,and a Nonlinear Disturbance Observer(NDO)is integrated to compensate for unknown disturbances.The whole control system is proven semiglobally uniformly ultimately bounded based on the multi-Lyapunov function method.Furthermore,we consider tracking errors and self-characteristics of actuators,a quadratic programmingbased dynamic control allocation law is designed,which allocates virtual control inputs to the asymmetrically deformed wingtip and rudder.Actuator dynamic models are incorporated to ensure physical realizability of designed allocation law.Finally,comparative experimental results validate the effectiveness of the designed control system and control allocation law.The NDO-GFTISMC features faster convergence,stronger robustness,and 81.25%and 75.0%reduction in maximum state tracking error under uncertainty compared to the Incremental Nonlinear Dynamic Inversion Controller based on NDO(NDO-INDI)and Incremental Sliding Mode Controller based on NDO(NDO-ISMC),respectively.The design of the morphing aircraft significantly enhances lateral maneuver capability,maintaining a substantial control margin during lateral maneuvering,reducing the burden of the rudder surface,and effectively solving the actuator saturation problem of traditional aircraft during lateral maneuvering.

Accountable capability improvement based on interpretable capability evaluation using belief rule base

A new approach is proposed in this study for accountable capability improvement based on interpretable capability evaluation using the belief rule base(BRB).Firstly,a capability evaluation model is constructed and optimized.Then,the key sub-capabilities are identified by quantitatively calculating the contributions made by each sub-capability to the overall capability.Finally,the overall capability is improved by optimizing the identified key sub-capabilities.The theoretical contributions of the proposed approach are as follows.(i)An interpretable capability evaluation model is constructed by employing BRB which can provide complete access to decision-makers.(ii)Key sub-capabilities are identified according to the quantitative contribution analysis results.(iii)Accountable capability improvement is carried out by only optimizing the identified key sub-capabilities.Case study results show that“Surveillance”,“Positioning”,and“Identification”are identified as key sub-capabilities with a summed contribution of 75.55%in an analytical and deducible fashion based on the interpretable capability evaluation model.As a result,the overall capability is improved by optimizing only the identified key sub-capabilities.The overall capability can be greatly improved from 59.20%to 81.80%with a minimum cost of 397.Furthermore,this paper also investigates how optimizing the BRB with more collected data would affect the evaluation results:only optimizing“Surveillance”and“Positioning”can also improve the overall capability to 81.34%with a cost of 370,which thus validates the efficiency of the proposed approach.

Optical trapping capability of tornado circular Pearcey beams

We systemically investigate optical trapping capability of a kind of tornado waves on Rayleigh particles.Such tornado waves are named as tornado circular Pearcey beams(TCPBs)and produced by combining two circular Pearcey beams with different radii.Our theoretical exploration delves into various aspects,including the propagation dynamics,energy flux,orbital angular momentum,trapping force,and torque characteristics of TCPBs.The results reveal that the orbital angular momentum,trapping force,and torque of these beams can be finely tuned through the judicious manipulation of their topological charges(l_(1)and l_(2)).Notably,we observe a precise control mechanism wherein the force diminishes with|l_(1)+l_(2)|and|l_(1)-l_(2)|,while the torque exhibits enhancement by decreasing solely with|l_(1)+l_(2)|or increasing with|l_(1)-l_(2)|.These results not only provide quantitative insights into the optical trapping performance of TCPBs but also serve as a valuable reference for the ongoing development of innovative photonic tools.

Influence of the mechanical properties of materials on the ultimate pressure-bearing capability of a pressure-preserving controller

The pressure-preserving controller is the core part of deep in-situ pressure-preserving coring(IPP-Coring) system, and its pressure-preserving capability is the key to IPP-Coring technology. To achieve a good understanding of the influence of mechanical properties of materials on the ultimate pressure-bearing capability(UPB-Capability) of the pressure-preserving controller, the IPP-Coring experimental platform was developed to test the UPB-Capability of pressure-preserving controllers of four different materials. The experimental results show that the UPB-Capability of pressure-preserving controllers with different material varies greatly. A numerical model of the pressure-preserving controller was developed to study the influences of mechanical parameters of materials on the UPB-Capability of the pressurepreserving controller after the accuracy of the numerical model is verified by experiments. The results indicate that the yield strength(YS) and Poisson's ratio(PR) of the material have little effect on the UPB-Capability of the pressure-preserving controller, whereas the elastic modulus(EM) of the material has a significant effect. A generalized model of the UPB-Capability of the pressure-preserving controller is developed to reveal the mechanism of the influence of material properties on the UPB-Capability of the pressure-preserving controllers. Considering these results, the future optimization direction of the pressure-preserving controller and material selection scheme in practical engineering applications of the pressure-preserving controller are suggested.

From Knowledge Transfer to Capability Development:The Future of PBL+CBL Teaching Method in Operating Room Nursing Education

Concomitant with the advancement of contemporary medical technology,the significance of perioperative nursing has been increasingly accentuated,necessitating elevated standards for the pedagogy of perioperative nursing.Presently,the PBL(problem-based learning)pedagogical approach,when integrated with CBL(case-based learning),has garnered considerable interest.An extensive literature review has been conducted to analyze the application of the PBL-CBL fusion in the education of perioperative nursing.Findings indicate that this integrative teaching methodology not only enhances students’theoretical knowledge,practical competencies,and collaborative skills but also contributes to the elevation of teaching quality.In conclusion,the PBL-CBL teaching approach holds immense potential for broader application in perioperative nursing education.Nevertheless,it is imperative to continually refine this combined pedagogical strategy to further enhance the caliber of perioperative nursing instruction and to cultivate a greater number of exceptional nursing professionals in the operating room setting.

首发经济的生成逻辑、发展态势与政策着力点

首发经济是企业发布新产品,推出新业态、新模式、新服务,开设首店等经济活动的总称。首发经济具有首次与实质创新、时尚新潮与有效引领、高品质与市场认可、链式发展全过程等特征。发展首发经济有利于推动产业结构转型升级、持续扩大居民消费、满足人民美好生活需要、推进高水平对外开放。首发经济呈现品牌首店加速落地、业态分布彰显地域特色、线上线下协同发展等特征,但也面临着居民消费能力发展不平衡不充分、产品同质化严重与创新不持续、配套服务和宣传不到位、物流体系与交通网络不完善等挑战。推动首发经济高质量发展,应增强居民消费能力、明确创新激励导向、完善配套服务体系、优化消费空间布局。

精密薄壁轴套柔性检验方法及工序能力评价

航空航天零件要求精度高,合格率要达到100%,常采用三坐标测量来提高测量精度,减少人员测量带来的误差。精密薄壁轴套零件作为连接元件在工作中起到轴向定位和径向紧固的作用,对机械传动起着重要的作用。为保证零件的测量精度和合格率,需要将测量产生的工艺误差控制在零件公差的1/3以内,工艺误差包含定位误差、夹紧变形误差等。试验利用光固化柔性夹具对轴套进行夹紧,减少金属夹具对轴套产生的变形和损伤,消除夹紧变形误差。利用对同一个轴套零件进行重复测量,获得定位误差引起的标准不确定度,并结合工序能力计算,来判定测量方法的可行性。

基于过程域能力模型和课程基线的专业综合设计教学改革

借鉴CMM理念,建立专业综合设计的核心过程域能力模型和课程基线,改进教学过程。过程域能力模型是设计开发过程改进的最佳实践集,包括团队管理、项目论证与计划、项目监督与控制、需求开发、技术解决方案、决策分析与解决、验证、原因分析与解决、评审九个过程域,能力等级体现了对设计准则、质量特性、评审等的能力要求,课程基线使课程技术状态文件规范化和过程可视化,过程域能力模型和课程基线使课程的量化评价及成绩认定有理有据。通过几个学期的实践,过程域能力模型和课程基线不断改进,学生的工程实践能力不断提高。

基于概率的震级完备度方法评估云南地震台网的监测能力

为了科学评估云南地震台网的监测能力,分析云南地区的地震监测能力时空分布特征,采用基于概率的震级完备度(PMC)方法,利用2009-2023年云南地震台网地震目录、震相和台站信息等数据,计算了云南地震台网在云南地区的平均地震监测能力和在不同深度的监测能力,得到滇中、滇西局部地区的基于概率的完备性震级M_(P)=1.5,云南全境基本都能监测到2.5级地震。评估了研究时段内云南地震台网台站监测能力的演变,发现部分台站的监测能力持续下降。但自2018年增加20个台站后,云南2.0及2.5级地震的监测范围有一定的扩大,但微震监测能力提升不明显,可能是因为2018年以来云南一直处于小震弱活动状态。最后,对应用PMC方法规划提升台网监测能力进行了展望。

竞争对手技术相似性与技术能力的企业技术机会识别

[研究目的]在激烈的市场竞争中,企业如何实现高水平科技自立自强至关重要,在竞争对手视角下进行技术机会识别有助于企业实现创新突破,提升核心竞争力。[研究方法]构建技术相似性和技术能力二维矩阵选择竞争对手,在竞争对手视角下使用关联规则挖掘算法识别技术机会,最后利用对手关注度对技术机会进行评估,获取对手关注度较低的技术机会。[研究结果/结论]通过对比实验,证明在技术相似性与技术能力的基础上进行竞争对手选择能够提升识别机会的准确率。使用自然语言处理领域专利数据,以腾讯科技有限公司为例,识别出数据处理和计算模型、信息和通信技术应用、图像和视频处理与识别三个方向的技术机会,为企业的研发创新提供了参考依据。

地学大类研究生跨学科创新能力提升研究

随着我国综合国力的提升,对创新型人才的需求日益增大,尤其轨道交通领域的高速发展对地学行业的创新提出更深层次的需求,地学大类创新人才的培养方案需要更加深入的改革与创新。该文分析目前地学大类研究生跨学科培养在专业划分、培养过程、培养责任制度和心理健康等方面的问题,并基于地学大类人才培养的特点,提出地学大类研究生跨学科创新能力提升的具体方案,以期为地学大类研究生培养提供良好范本。

国家治理现代化视角下的税制改革

税收制度作为国家治理体系中的重要制度,是税收治理能力的载体,税收制度与税收治理能力现代化共同成为国家治理现代化的关键所在。税收作为国家治理基础性、支柱性和保障性力量,通过构建系统完备、科学规范、运行有效的制度体系,以形成恰当收入汲取能力和经济社会调控能力,为国家治理体系和治理能力现代化提供财力保障和政策支持,扎实推进国家治理现代化。基于国家治理现代化对税收治理的基本要求,需要围绕健全税收制度体系、优化完善税收政策、完善税收征管和厚植税务文化四个方面,进一步深化我国税收制度改革。

教育强国建设背景下国家“双高计划”建设的经验与思考

国家“双高计划”是立足教育整体发展的引领性制度设计。第一轮5年投入700多亿元,建成197所院校、253个高水平专业群,覆盖18个专业大类,人才培养和技术创新服务能力整体提升。但是,也存在专业群建设集群效应发挥不明显、育人成效的关注度不够、立地式研发成果还不强等问题。第二轮以“办学能力高水平、产教融合高质量”为目标,由“基础好、条件好”向“服务好、支撑好”转变,为实现该目标,要以思政引领力、人才竞争力、科技支撑力、民生保障力、社会协同力、国际影响力为目标指引,对接国家重大战略,深化职业教育教学改革,优化人才供给质量和结构,推动职业教育服务区域发展、支撑产业发展、完善教育对外开放,加快实现建成教育强国的宏伟目标。

传统服务型企业数据中台搭建过程研究——以广州白天鹅宾馆为例

数字化战略实施过程中,如何搭建行之有效的数据中台,既是解决传统服务型企业前台业务与后台业务脱节之现实问题,也是数字化研究领域亟待解决的理论问题。文章采用探索性单案例方法,以广州白天鹅宾馆为例,深度剖析传统服务型企业数据中台搭建过程。研究发现:第一,传统服务型企业数据中台搭建主要涵盖技术与业务两条行为路径,包含业务数据收集与技术数据交换、技术与业务数据整合、技术服务业务下的业务与技术数据调整等3个步骤;第二,技术探索与业务整合行为形成了技术动态能力和业务动态能力,根据技术与业务的新旧程度,这些能力进一步细分为旧技术不足感知能力、新技术获取能力、旧业务重组能力、新业务感知能力等10个类别;第三,数据中台搭建过程遵循“战略-行为-能力”框架,能力反哺战略行为是有效搭建数据中台的动力机制。据此,文章提出了传统服务型企业数据中台搭建过程模型,为传统服务型企业数字化战略提供了有益洞见。

面向重大突发事件的高校智库动态知识服务策略

面向社会重大突发事件的智库应对需要高效的动态知识服务体系做支撑。根据动态能力理论,知识协同、知识生产和知识流构成了动态知识服务体系三要素,动态能力通过知识协同要素、知识生产环节和知识流转效率来表现动态知识服务能力。动态知识服务体系中的知识协同要素、知识生产环节和知识流转效率与智库服务重大突发事件的知识需求还不相适应。为了提高应对突发事件的智库动态知识服务水平,要在知识协同要素的有序化、知识生产环节匹配的精准化和知识流治理的高效化等方面提升服务策略。

面向多样化需求的下一代无线网组网方案研究

随着数字经济的不断发展,未来数智应用也将不断涌现,对无线通信基础设施提出更高要求。当前5G-A网络以及下一代移动通信网络在通感一体化、低空经济、车路协同等应用场景中,需提供高性能、高可靠的组网服务。面对新挑战,提出功能协调、多频协同、资源利旧、按需实施的创新组网设计思路和设计方法。通过示范区域的测试评估及初步应用验证,该方案能够提供相对稳定可靠的场景覆盖和组网性能。

政府大数据审计能力的结构、测度与应用评价

全面提升大数据审计能力已成为各审计机关构建高质量审计监督体系的共识。基于大数据审计基础理论和实践发展,提出大数据审计能力概念,从技术、数据和应用视角构建五大维度大数据审计能力评价模型,利用结构方程模型确定大数据审计能力各子要素构成的指标权重,分析各子要素的相互作用关系,并以某省16家地市级审计机关为例对大数据审计能力开展评价。基于评价结果提出以下建议:各审计机关应依据统一的信息化规范建设大数据审计平台,探索人工智能等新技术在审计场景中的应用,提升技术应用广度,优化大数据管理策略,建立跨级协同审计模式,重视组织和个人层面的保障体系与培养方法,致力于打造一支高素质、专业化的审计团队。

市域基层灾害治理能力评估:基于五力模型建构的分析

今天我国绝大多数的市行政区域,不但包括城区,还包括大量乡村区域,市域的概念更好地反映了这种城乡一体化的特征。从市域灾害治理的特征来看,其治理重点应在基层,而且当前的薄弱环节也主要在基层。为更好地做好我国市域基层灾害治理能力建设工作,开展市域基层灾害治理能力评估是必要的。我国市域基层灾害治理能力涉及防灾减灾救灾过程中的多种能力,主要包括领导能力、参与能力、应对能力、保障能力和科技能力。市域基层灾害治理能力评估应该对这“五力”做出全面评估。这一评估工作需要城乡各级政府及其主管部门给予一系列的政策支持,如将能力评估纳入市域基层灾害治理能力建设的工作体系,构建和完善科学的评估机制和方法,强化应急管理部门在市域基层灾害治理能力评估工作中的主导作用,加强市域基层灾害治理能力数据共享平台建设,并重视对评估结果的运用,以实现市域基层灾害治理能力评估的应用价值。

创业拼凑对新生代农民工创业绩效的影响机制研究

创业拼凑是新生代农民工应对资源约束的有效途径,也是提升创业绩效的关键所在。基于创业拼凑理论,利用“Credamo见数”平台收集267份问卷数据,通过层级回归分析,揭示出创业拼凑对新生代农民工创业绩效的影响机制。结果表明:(1)创业拼凑正向影响新生代农民工创业绩效;(2)创业能力在创业拼凑和创业绩效之间起中介作用;(3)制度环境正向调节创业能力与创业绩效之间的关系,构成被调节的中介效应模型。研究成果为有效提升新生代农民工创业者的创业绩效、增加其创业成功率提供有益参考。

“两栖”背景下农民工福利提升:农村与城镇协同保障的路径

在农民工“农村户籍、城市生活”的“两栖”状态下,发挥农村和城镇两类保障的协同作用在提升农民工福利和对高质量实现城镇化、扎实推进共同富裕方面具有重要意义。本文按照“功能与能力—主观感受—城镇机会”的思路构建农民工福利衡量指标,采用“农民工市民化课题组”的微观调研数据,考察了农村集体权益对农民工福利的影响,以及城镇保障在其中的调节作用。研究结果表明,农村集体权益能显著促进农民工福利,使用工具变量法缓解内生性结果依然稳健。值得注意的是,农民工的城镇保障在农村集体权益与福利关系中具有调节作用,以城镇保险、城镇住房和城镇就业为代表的城镇保障,均能够弱化农村集体权益促进农民工福利的作用,城镇保障替代农村保障提升农民工福利。在农民工“两栖”的现阶段,本文的研究结论为发挥农村保障与城镇保障的协同作用,提升农民工福利,提供了微观层面的经验证据。研究结论对农民工顺利从农村保障过渡到城镇保障,对国家高质量实现新型城镇化和共同富裕有重要的参考价值。