ADAPTABLE DESIGN IN PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT

A newly emerging design pattern, named as adaptable design （AD）, which aims at developing products that are adaptable from design to post-life cycle, is discussed. AD consists of four main phases： product modeling, design platform, specific design and product redesign. A new process-based design data model （PDDM） is presented which is organized according to the principles of convenient knowledge extraction, data representation, layout, sharing and reuse. Based on the PDDM, a universal design platform for product family development is established, which has characters of modularity, parameter-driven, variant design, etc. The framework of the platform is also proposed as a conceptual structure and overall logical organization for generating a family of products. AD methodology is successfully applied to develop a family of tunnel boring machine （TBM） for different engineering projects, with the efficiency of our developing team being greatly increased.

Digital Mock-up Technology in Product Development and Research

After introducing the present status of digital mock-up (DMU) technology in product development and research,the modeling and its key technologies in product design are described. The architecture of digital design platform system for main DMU model is developed. Based on the architecture,a method of skeleton design has been applied to the development of digital design system.

A NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT METHODOLOGY BASED ON PRODUCT MASTER MODEL

Product Master Model(PMM)Technology is a philosophy and methodology for organizing,managing and controlling product development processes,sharing the information and knowledge of the product and its processes.In this paper,the concept of PMM is proposes,the basic theory of PMM technologies is studied,the blackboard architecture of PMM is proposed,the product development process framework is explored,and the prototype system of PMM is developed.

Information Models for Forecasting Nonlinear Economic Dynamics in the Digital Era

The aim of this study was to develop an adequate mathematical model for long-term forecasting of technological progress and economic growth in the digital age (2020-2050). In addition, the task was to develop a model for forecast calculations of labor productivity in the symbiosis of “man + intelligent machine”, where an intelligent machine (IM) is understood as a computer or robot equipped with elements of artificial intelligence (AI), as well as in the digital economy as a whole. In the course of the study, it was shown that in order to implement its goals the Schumpeter-Kondratiev innovation and cycle theory on forming long waves (LW) of economic development influenced by a powerful cluster of economic technologies engendered by industrial revolutions is most appropriate for a long-term forecasting of technological progress and economic growth. The Solow neoclassical model of economic growth, synchronized with LW, gives the opportunity to forecast economic dynamics of technologically advanced countries with a greater precision up to 30 years, the time which correlates with the continuation of LW. In the information and digital age, the key role among the main factors of growth (capital, labour and technological progress) is played by the latter. The authors have developed an information model which allows for forecasting technological progress basing on growth rates of endogenous technological information in economics. The main regimes of producing technological information, corresponding to the eras of information and digital economies, are given in the article, as well as the Lagrangians that engender them. The model is verified on the example of the 5th information LW for the US economy (1982-2018) and it has had highly accurate approximation for both technological progress and economic growth. A number of new results were obtained using the developed information models for forecasting technological progress. The forecasting trajectory of economic growth of developed countries (on the example of the USA) on the upward stage of the 6th LW (2018-2042), engendered by the digital technologies of the 4th Industrial Revolution is given. It is also demonstrated that the symbiosis of human and intelligent machine (IM) is the driving force in the digital economy, where man plays the leading role organizing effective and efficient mutual work. Authors suggest a mathematical model for calculating labour productivity in the digital economy, where the symbiosis of “human + IM” is widely used. The calculations carried out with the help of the model show: 1) the symbiosis of “human + IM” from the very beginning lets to realize the possibilities of increasing work performance in the economy with the help of digital technologies;2) the largest labour productivity is achieved in the symbiosis of “human + IM”, where man labour prevails, and the lowest labour productivity is seen where the largest part of the work is performed by IM;3) developed countries may achieve labour productivity of 3% per year by the mid-2020s, which has all the chances to stay up to the 2040s.

BOM-BASED DESIGN KNOWLEDGE REPRESENTATION AND REASONING FOR COLLABORATIVE PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT

Modem product development becomes increasingly collaborative and integrated, which raises the need for effectively and efficiently sharing and re-using design knowledge in a distributed and collaborative environment. To address this need, a framework is developed in this research to support design knowledge representation, retrieval, reasoning and fusion, which takes account of structural, functional and behavioral data, various design attributes and knowledge reasoning cases. Specifically, a multi-level knowledge representation based on the Base Object Model （BOM） is proposed to enable knowledge sharing using Web services technologies. On this basis, a multi-level knowledge reuse method is developed to support the retrieval, matching and assembly of knowledge records. Due to the tree structure of BOM, both depth-first and breadth-first searching strategies are employed in the retrieval algorithm while a novel measure is proposed to evaluate similarity. Moreover, a method based on the D-S evidence theory is developed to enable knowledge fusion and thus support effective decision-making. The framework has been implemented and integrated into an HLA-based simulation platform on which the development of a missile simulation example is conducted. It is demonstrated in the case study that the proposed framework and methods are useful and effective for design knowledge representation and reuse.

Development mode of the E-commerce of eco-agriculture products in China

With the extensive use of the Internet and mobile technology, E-commerce in China has shown tremendous growth advantages and market potential, especially in promoting the access of eco-agriculture products. The E-commerce of agriculture products has shown diversification on the mainstay. "Three products, one indication"(pollution-free, green product, organic product, geographical indication) has becomes the primary character. Although the market of fresh products occupies a limited and meager profit, the blue sea effect has caused capital to enter into a large-scale development. It is very clearly shown after the analysis that the market of eco-agricultural E-commerce is vast and the expansionist policy for E-commerce environment is favorable. Meanwhile the required hardware and software of network in E-commerce are basically equipped with rapid development of service technology and strong driving force for innovation and development as well as an endless stream of new models and platforms. The whole phrase of development can be divided into five major stages. Through the analysis of five perspectives, such as platform, driver, participant, food supplier and Taobao, 16 types of agro-products E-commerce models and their different types of e-payment support systems are summarized, revealing the two major bottlenecks of development, namely the markets with limited share and low profit-making and the impact of cold chain services on E-commerce development. The thesis finally fortells the ten trends for the future development.

A Collaborative Platform for Complex Product Development Based on Multi-Domain Unified Modeling and Simulation

In order to intensify market competition, manufacturing enterprises must improve their product innovation capability. It is difficult to integrate the system modeling, simulation and collaborative process management in complex product development. A collaborative platform for complex product development based on multi-domain unified modeling and simulation is proposed in this paper. The architecture of the platform is firstly stated. The idea and realization of three key technologies, i.e. multi-domain modeling and simulation for complex product, knowledge management for product design and simulation, multi-domain collaborative mechanism, are emphasized. Finally, an industry case is given. The demonstration of the system shows that integration architecture is the effective infrastructure for multi-domain collaborative product development.

Knowledge Management of Software Productivity and Development Time

In this paper, we identify a set of factors that may be used to forecast software productivity and software development time. Software productivity was measured in function points per person hours, and software development time was measured in number of elapsed days. Using field data on over 130 field software projects from various industries, we empirically test the impact of team size, integrated computer aided software engineering (ICASE) tools, software development type, software development platform, and programming language type on the software development productivity and development time. Our results indicate that team size, software development type, software development platform, and programming language type significantly impact software development productivity. However, only team size significantly impacts software development time. Our results indicate that effective management of software development teams, and using different management strategies for different software development type environments may improve software development productivity.

大数据牵引背景下的服装设计开发模式

在大数据牵引背景下,随着数据量呈爆炸式增长和大数据应用的不断深化,大数据资源以数据要素的形式牵引着传统服装设计模式的改变。通过对服装设计相关的大数据进行分类甄别,探讨大数据在多方面赋能服装设计协同价值创造,多维度比较传统服装设计开发与以大数据牵引的服装设计开发模式,以大数据赋能服装精准设计,构建基于大数据引导下的服装设计框架;将该框架应用于MZ品牌的开发案例中,从商品企划、设计开发和预售下单3个方面论述大数据在服装设计开发中的实践应用。大数据时代设计模式的演变将更加聚焦于设计师与海量数据之间的相互作用,应用大数据牵引服装设计开发模式的迭代,可实现更高精准度和更快反应能力的服装设计开发。

数智经济推动共同富裕的机制与效应研究

共同富裕是社会主义的本质要求,数字化、智能化是引领共同富裕的重要驱动力。本文从数字化和智能化两个维度出发构建了数智经济发展水平的指标体系,并利用2012~2022年我国省际面板数据,实证分析了数智经济推动共同富裕的作用路径与影响效应。研究发现:数智经济通过提高农业全要素生产率推动共同富裕。在区域经济发达程度较低时,数智经济的发展可能会妨碍共同富裕目标的实现,但这种抑制效果将进一步削弱,直到区域经济发展达到一定水平,数智经济发展才有助于促进共同富裕。同时,数智经济发展还存在明显的空间溢出效应,可以提高邻近地区的共同富裕程度。因此,各地区应加快数智经济发展进度,使数智经济的建设更有效地服务于共同富裕目标。

基于彩虹模型的新质生产力赋能中医药高质量发展研究

目的:促进中医药新质生产力的形成,赋能中医药高质量发展。方法:运用彩虹模型从宏观、中观、微观及支持要素4个层面分别研究中医药新质生产力推进的难点。结果:新质生产力赋能中医药高质量发展有着其内在的文化传播、技术进步、资源要素获取和模式转变的逻辑,但也存在着中医药文化传播内容碎片化、科技创新不足、重西医轻中医思想普遍、人才队伍单一化及中医药新质生产力发展空间较狭窄且资源要素不足等难点。结论:建议加强顶层设计,完善配套措施;打破与其他文化及产业的壁垒,探索协作模式;加强人才储备,调整人才队伍结构;动态分配各方职责,充分调动积极性。

发展交通运输领域新质生产力的内在逻辑、作用机理与推进路径

以新质生产力推动交通运输高质量发展是理论演进、技术变革、宏观要求和行业转型等共同的方向,在逻辑上有其必然性。通过分析交通运输与新质生产力的作用机理,认为发展交通运输领域新质生产力与加快建设交通强国、构建现代综合交通运输体系一脉相承,是交通运输高质量发展途径、方法的呈现形式,交通运输对于其他领域新质生产力培育也有很大的助力。新质生产力在交通运输领域的表现形式有交通运输新技术(新动能)、新模式(新业态)、新产业等三种。结合新质生产力对劳动者、生产资料和劳动对象的新要求,从人才、技术、产业和市场等角度研究并提出了交通运输领域新质生产力的推进路径,为发展交通运输领域新质生产力、推动交通运输高质量发展提供参考。

更融合vs.更分离——功能分离程度如何影响产品使用意愿

同时具备两种或多个类别的产品功能的新产品被称为融合产品。过往关于融合产品的文献缺乏对功能分离程度的探究。对此,本研究基于技术接受模型,探究融合产品的功能分离程度对消费者产品使用意愿的影响机制。四项研究考察了消费者对融合产品有用性和易用性的感知,以及这些感知如何随功能的互补性变化。结果表明,融合产品的功能分离程度越高,消费者对其的感知有用性越高,感知易用性越低,而互补性会负向调节功能分离程度对感知有用性的作用,即对功能具有互补性的产品而言,其功能分离程度越低,产品使用意愿越高。因此,企业在开发融合产品时,应根据产品功能的互补性决定新产品的功能分离程度。本文弥补了现有研究中缺乏对功能分离程度关注这一不足,对企业设计和开发新产品具有重要的实践意义。

基于SICAS模型视域下农产品电商发展路径探索

发展农产品电商,有利于农产品上行,促进农产品“以需定产”,推进农产品绿色化、优质化、特色化、品牌化发展,助力乡村振兴。通过对农产品电商进行PEST分析,基于SICAS消费模型,让农产品电商充分利用政策、经济、社会和技术环境,抓住机遇,探索农产品电商发展路径,为农产品电商快速、持续、健康发展提供参考。

中国新质生产力指标构建与时空演进

加快构建以新质生产力为核心的创新体系,是中国加快实现高水平科技自立自强和高质量发展的重要基础。本文从新质劳动者、新质劳动资料和新质劳动对象3个维度构建了新质生产力水平指标测度体系,采用投影寻踪模型测度了2011~2022年中国地级市层面新质生产力发展水平,并运用Dagum基尼系数法、Kernel密度估计法以及Moran's I全面探究并验证了新质生产力对不同时间维度、空间维度的动态演变特征。研究发现:新质生产力发展水平呈现稳步增长态势,相比于新质劳动者、新质劳动对象,新质劳动资料占新质生产力比重更大。各地区新质生产力发展水平存在较大差异,其中,东部地区是新质生产力发展的高地,西部地区和东北地区是新质生产力发展的洼地,并且地区内新质生产力水平也存在较大差异。同时,新质生产力的涌现与生产关系具有一定的协调性,且新质生产力能够正向促进地区的全要素生产率水平的提升。本文为如何捕捉新质生产力的动态演化特征以及生产关系如何更好的引导新质生产力能效发挥提供了参考。

“双碳”愿景下双向FDI协调发展助推区域绿色转型的实证研究:本地效应与空间溢出

基于2004—2021年省级数据,以绿色全要素生产率(GTFP)衡量区域绿色低碳转型,运用空间杜宾模型检验双向FDI协调发展与GTFP的因果关系和作用机制。研究发现:(1)双向FDI协调发展既能提升本地GTFP,也存在空间溢出效应;(2)本地效应与空间溢出效应在沿海和南方地区更明显;(3)技术创新是重要影响机制,模仿创新在短期内发挥积极作用,自主创新才是提升GTFP的“长久之计”;(4)高质量的政府治理正向调节双向FDI协调发展对GTFP的积极影响。研究结果既为高水平对外开放的绿色经济效应提供了新证据,也为借力高质量“双循环”新发展格局建设、助推区域绿色低碳转型提供了理论参考。

Research and Development Trend of Shape Control for Cold Rolling Strip

Shape is an important quality index of cold rolling strip. Up to now, many problems in the shape control domain have not been solved satisfactorily, and a review on the research progress in the shape control domain can help to seek new breakthrough directions. In the past 10 years, researches and applications of shape control models, shape control means, shape detection technology, and shape con- trol system have achieved significant progress. In the aspect of shape control models, the researches in the past improve the accuracy, speed and robustness of the models. The intelligentization of shape control models should be strengthened in the future. In the aspect of the shape control means, the researches in the past focus on the roll opti- mization, mill type selection, process optimization, local strip shape control, edge drop control, and so on. In the future, more attention should be paid to the coordination control of both strip shape and other quality indexes, and the refinement of control objective should be strengthened. In the aspects of shape detection technology and shape control system, some new types of shape detection meters and shape control systems are developed and have successfully indus- trial applications. In the future, the standardization of shape detection technology and shape control system should be promoted to solve the problem of compatibility. In general,the four expected development trends of shape control for cold roiling strip in the future are intelligentization, coordi- nation, refinement, and standardization. The proposed research provides new breakthrough directions for improv- ing shape quality.

温室无土栽培切花月季生长发育预测模型及其验证

【目的】建立一个可以预测温室无土栽培切花月季生长发育时期及收获期的模型,为切花月季生产过程中的环境因子调控提供理论支持。【方法】以生长周期差异明显的3个主栽切花月季品种‘洛神’‘欢乐颂’和‘粉红雪山’为试验材料,无土栽培种植于曲靖市马龙区的塑料温室大棚中,于2021—2022年收集5期的生长发育数据和同期的光照辐射及温度数据。通过分析切花月季的生长周期特征,构建基于生理辐热积(Physiological product of thermal effectiveness and PAR,PTEP)的切花月季生长发育时期预测模型,并使用独立数据对构建的生长模型进行验证。【结果】切花月季在修剪到萌芽、萌芽到现蕾以及现蕾到收获这3个生长发育阶段所需的生理辐热积分别为22.08、29.41和38.89 MJ/m^(2);本研究所构建的切花月季生长发育时期预测模型基于生理辐热积,在切花月季的各个生长发育阶段,模型的模拟预测值与实测值表现出良好的一致性。1∶1线性回归标准误差(RMSE)分别为0.7、6.5和9.4 d,显示出模型预测的准确性。【结论】通过考虑光照辐射与温度的综合影响,构建的模型能够预测切花月季在不同生长发育阶段的时间点,以及切花产品的收获期。基于该模型,种植者可以更精准地调节温室内的光照与温度,从而在一定程度上调控切花月季产品的生产周期。研究结果将为温室无土栽培切花月季的生产提供科学依据,同时也将为种植者制定切实可行的生产和技术支持。

汉画像石中虎造型在文创产品设计中的应用研究

基于汉画像石虎造型的文创产品的设计研究。通过阅读相关文献,对汉画像石中虎造型形态特征、线条特征以及文化内涵进行归纳梳理,综合运用元素提取法、风格沿用法、元素转译等设计方法。设计出了《瑞兽福虎》系列纹样及文创产品。在设计案例中验证了研究思路的可行性,实现了汉画像石虎造型与现代设计的融合。提出设计者在进行文创产品的设计时,不仅要了解产品的功能,同时也要兼顾产品与文化内涵间桥梁的架构。