Is the feminization of labor harmful to agricultural production? The decision-making and production control perspective

Even today,academics continue to debate the effect of feminization of agricultural labor force on agricultural output.By considering the dimensions of participation in decision-making and production,this study divides the various agricultural production models into three types:(i)the traditional model of decisions made either jointly by men and women or by men alone while both genders participate in production,(ii)complete feminization of agricultural decision-making and the production labor force,and(iii)feminization of the agricultural production labor force only.This study investigates the effects of combining or separating decision-making and production in regard to agricultural development in the context of feminization of the agricultural labor force.Using follow-up data collected from 2004–2008 by the Ministry of Agriculture of China,we built a comprehensive panel data model to test our hypotheses.Our research shows that in comparison to traditional agricultural households and fully feminized agricultural labor forces,partially feminized production resulted in lower grain yield and technological advancement.The feminization of agricultural labor does not necessarily have a negative impact on agricultural output,especially since heavy manual labor is being increasingly replaced by agricultural machinery and outsourcing of tasks.The degree of feminization of the decision-making and production processes should be an important consideration when evaluating the purported negative effects of the feminization of agricultural labor.

Determinants of cooperative pig farmers' safe production behaviour in China——Evidences from perspective of cooperatives' services

Farmers＇ production behaviour is a key to ensuring the safety and quality of their final products, and cooperatives play an important role in shaping that behaviour. This paper aims to explore the determinants of pig farmers＇ safe production behaviour, giving special focus from the perspective of cooperatives＇ services. This study adopted cross sectional survey data from 27 pig cooperatives and their 540 farmers in China to test the influence of cooperatives＇ services on farmers＇ safe production behaviour. The hypotheses were tested using a logit regression model. The findings indicated that although the number of services is not a key determinant of farmers＇ safe production behaviour, service quality matters. When a cooperative is strongly capable of involving more farmers in certain services, and provides certain services in more frequency, member farmers behave more safely. The results also show that veterinarian and pig-selling services play an important role in ensuring farmers＇ safe production behaviour. For this study, the quality of cooperatives＇ services is implied to have a positive impact on farmers＇ safe production behaviour. Leaders/managers of cooperatives must try to improve the quality of their services instead of merely attempting to provide a large number of services. For government officials and policy makers, designing policies that encourage cooperatives to improve their service quality is important. This research contributes to the scant literature on how cooperative services could help farmers engage in safer production behaviour, which would improve the safety of pork products in the future.

Leveraging Robust Artificial Intelligence for Mechatronic Product Development—A Literature Review

Mechatronic product development is a complex and multidisciplinary field that encompasses various domains, including, among others, mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, control theory and software engineering. The integration of artificial intelligence technologies is revolutionizing this domain, offering opportunities to enhance design processes, optimize performance, and leverage vast amounts of knowledge. However, human expertise remains essential in contextualizing information, considering trade-offs, and ensuring ethical and societal implications are taken into account. This paper therefore explores the existing literature regarding the application of artificial intelligence as a comprehensive database, decision support system, and modeling tool in mechatronic product development. It analyzes the benefits of artificial intelligence in enabling domain linking, replacing human expert knowledge, improving prediction quality, and enhancing intelligent control systems. For this purpose, a consideration of the V-cycle takes place, a standard in mechatronic product development. Along this, an initial assessment of the AI potential is shown and important categories of AI support are formed. This is followed by an examination of the literature with regard to these aspects. As a result, the integration of artificial intelligence in mechatronic product development opens new possibilities and transforms the way innovative mechatronic systems are conceived, designed, and deployed. However, the approaches are only taking place selectively, and a holistic view of the development processes and the potential for robust and context-sensitive artificial intelligence along them is still needed.

Study of Product Quality Information and Construction of Its Decision-Making Support System and Measures to Improve People's Quality Concept

The 21th century is a "quality century". Facing the s evere challenge about quality, all the developed industry countries attach impor tance to the research and education about quality project. With the deepening of the reform of China and it’s joining to WTO, many industries and enterprises wi ll be confronted with severe challenge while being offered the opportunity to wa lk up to the world. The arrival of knowledge economy and web time has provided t he space for the innovation on enterprise management. It has also provided new m ethod and model for enterprise management, that is online management based on th e internet. The online management use an enterprise model including the goal of the enterprise and the scheme to carry out it to represent the whole operational of all the work. The online management is constructed on the integration of exp ert system, database, software and other technical models. How to scientifically manage the entire system of product, precisely master the condition of quantity and quality and analyze the rules of the change of produc t quality in order to carry out the overall control of quality, guarantee the go od condition of product as well as improve product quality and prolong it’s se rvice life was discussed in this thesis. Based on the above research the thesis also discussed how to develop the study on product quality information and const ruct it’s decision making support system. The concrete measures to improve peopl e’s concept of quality are also raised. Based on the type analysis, scientific management of product quality information should start from dynamic information of quality, instruction information as we ll as the information about the use, maintain, management and conservation of pr oduct, and induce them and further propose a design scheme of feedback system on product quality information, and then set up the blueprint of the information s ystem of product quality. This thesis included 7 chapters:1.the type of quality information;2.the content of quality information;3.the construction of the se nsitive web for transfering information, and collecting and transfering quality information rapidly and effectively;4.the way and procedure to transfer informa tion;5.the construction of quality information library for all phases; 6.the d isposal of quality information;7.the decision making support system of the mana gement of quality information;8.attach importance to three key factors on impro ving quality concept.

A Decision Support System for Spatial Analysis of Agricultural Production in Madagascar

In this article, our research aims to set up a geo-decisional system, more precisely we are particularly interested in the spatial analysis system of agricultural production in Madagascar. For this, we used the spatial data warehouse technique based on the SOLAP spatial analysis tool. After having defined the concepts underlying these systems, we propose to address the research issues related to them from four points of view: needs study of the Malagasy Ministry of Agriculture, modeling of a multidimensional conceptual model according to the MultiDim model and the implementation of the system studied using GeoKettle, PostGIS, GeoServer, SPAGO BI and Géomondrian technologies. This new system helps improve the decision-making process for agricultural production in Madagascar.

中国消费者畜产品质量安全认知及行为选择研究

研判消费者对畜产品质量安全的认知及行为选择对有效传递供给端畜产品质量安全信息、深化畜牧业供给侧结构性改革、推动畜牧业兴旺发展具有重要意义。在系统梳理相关研究进展的基础上,归纳总结了我国消费者对畜产品质量安全的关注、了解、偏好、评价、支付意愿及购买行为。发现我国消费者对畜产品质量安全的关注程度高,但了解程度较低,对畜产品质量安全的评价并不乐观;虽然消费者愿意为高质量安全的畜产品支付一定的溢价成本,但其需求和偏好与实际行为选择存在偏差;消费者的社会人口特征及其对畜产品质量安全的认知和评价、对产品认证系统的信任程度等因素是影响消费行为的重要因素。同时,随着我国进入社会主义新时代,消费环境与需求发生了较大变化,近年来关于消费者对畜产品质量安全认知的研究相对缺乏,需要进行新的研判,以便为政府部门管理和指导行业生产消费,以及供给端经营主体正确了解并匹配消费者偏好提供科学支撑。

质量差异化下信息产品的市场进入策略

考虑消费者对新信息产品质量感知的不确定性,采用博弈论方法构建竞争企业两周期动态定价模型,研究产品质量差异化下信息产品的市场进入和定价策略,并分析消费者的质量不确定性对在位者和进入者最优价格和利润的影响。分别建立高质量产品进入市场和低质量产品进入市场两种情形下的策略模型,通过对比分析发现:高质量产品进入市场时进入者应采用渗透定价,在位者应采用撇脂定价,质量不确定性的增大会导致进入者的产品价格和利润降低;低质量产品进入市场时进入者和在位者都应采取撇脂定价,质量不确定性的增大同样会使进入者的产品价格和利润降低,而在位者的产品价格和利润还受到产品质量差异的影响。此外,在消费者对新信息产品质量感知不确定的情况下,进入企业应采用高质量产品进入策略。

矿山“生产冒进行为”的演化博弈分析

“生产冒进行为”是矿山生产过程中对安全生产状态影响较大的不安全行为。为研究其产生的原因,采取相应的控制策略,采用演化博弈理论构建了工人和安全监管者演化博弈模型,并运用系统动力学方法分析了博弈过程。结果表明:(1)工人安全行为和安全监管者监管行为的成本与利益,是影响矿山“生产冒进行为”产生的重要原因;(2)矿山监管力度影响着工人不安全行为产生概率,在一定范围内,矿山监管力度与工人行为的安全概率呈正相关;(3)提高安全监管者对不稳定状态工人的经济惩罚,增大不稳定状态工人承担的风险成本,能够在短期内改善企业的安全生产状况;(4)工人处于行为安全状态的收益对工人行为安全和安全监管者监管行为的影响最大,企业可依据动态博弈演化过程和模型参数的影响程度,制定相应的安全管控策略。

Order Out of Chaos: Nudging Tourists’ Behaviours at a Time of Disruption?

A set of major disruptive political,socio-economic,technological,and ecological trends presents serious issues for tourism policy makers,regulators,and operators alike.In this turbulent context,how best to attempt to predict tourist behaviours?In tourism research the dominant rationalistic approach to decision-making does provide some useful insights across tourism choice.However,it seems increasingly less suited to the often relatively unplanned,hedonic,opportunistic,and impulsive decision-making that often characterises tourists’behaviours on-site within a destination,and more generally to the behaviours of Generation Y and Generation Z.More generally,it is arguable that rational models of motivation and decision-making systematically underestimate the importance of affective processes in tourists’behaviours.In this paper,we explore the implications of employing a much more naturalistic approach to decision-making at both the policy level and at the frontline of tourism operations.

Awareness,Attitude and Behavioural Intention of Medium and Large Scale Poultry Producers to Poultry Waste Management Practices in Lagos State:A Principal Component Analysis

The study analyzed awareness,attitude and behavioural intentions of medium and large scale poultry producers to poultry waste management practices in Lagos State with reference to problems of poor on-farm harness of excessive poultry waste,retrogression/unmet global environmental and economic waste management standards,exorbitant waste management charges imposed by LAWMA.Purposive and simple random sampling(using the lottery draw approach)was used in the selection of sixty(60)medium scale poultry farmers and forty(40)large scale poultry farmers,making a grand total of one hundred(100)medium and large scale poultry farmers interviewed in the study.A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data from the selected medium and large scale poultry farmers with the aid of a list provided by the Poultry Association of Nigeria(PAN),Lagos chapter.Principal Component Analysis(PCA)was used to analyse the data.In the principal component analysis for medium scale poultry farmers,the key component named was that LAWMA should offer special service for isolated dead bird collection(V75);and for large scale poultry farmers,the key component was that the disposal of poultry waste in an environmentally friendly way is LAWMA’s duty(V76).The study recommended that the government makes provisions to offer awareness campaigns in order to improve environmental knowledge and encourage environmental enthusiasm amongst society.

涉农企业农产品品牌创建行为的影响因素研究

品牌建设对于提高企业农产品的市场竞争力和经济效益具有至关重要的作用。研究根据2021年7—8月份黑龙江省的涉农企业农产品品牌创建行为调研数据,运用Probit、Tobit模型探究影响涉农组织品牌创建行为的影响因素。结果表明:企业管理者的年龄、文化程度变量都会对农产品企业的品牌创建决策产生影响;管理者的品牌认知、品牌理解程度越高,越会青睐于对农产品品牌的打造;企业的成立年限、销售额、企业规模等企业自身的基本特征也会促进企业的品牌创建,尤其是企业的规模对企业的品牌创建行为至关重要;信息化程度、标准化程度在品牌创建时发挥着重要作用;对于企业来说,与品牌创建相关的品牌管理机制越完善,对品牌创建及发展的推动越大;政府的帮扶能够缓解企业当前面临的棘手问题,有助于企业的品牌建设。最后,提出提高经营者的品牌经营管理素养、加强品牌创建基础设施建设、优化涉农企业的信息化、标准化程度、加大政府对农产品品牌创建的帮扶等政策建议。

Fresh-Keeping Decision and Coordination of Fresh Agricultural Product Supply Chain Considering Carbon Cap-and-Trade under Different Dominance

In the context of low carbon,this paper discussed the impact of the carbon cap-and-trade policy on the fresh-keeping decision-making of two-echelon fresh agricultural product supply chains under different dominance,and designed cost-sharing contracts to coordinate the supply chain of fresh agricultural products dominated by suppliers and retailers respectively.The results showed that:dominance has no effect on the fresh-keeping decision and total revenue of fresh agricultural product supply chain,but it affects the internal income distribution,and dominance does not always bring more benefits;the implementation of carbon cap-and-trade reduces the fresh-keeping decision-making of fresh agricultural products supply chain and reduces the free-rider income of followers;the role of higher carbon trading price is twofold,which not only brings about the speculation of leading enterprises,but also promotes the application of low-carbon technologies;consumers’high preference for freshness,low-cost and high-efficiency low-carbon technology are all conducive to improving the fresh-keeping efforts and benefits of the supply chain;cost-sharing contracts can coordinate the supply chain of fresh agricultural products.

不同风味诱食剂对羔羊采食行为和生产性能的影响

为研究两种不同风味诱食剂对羔羊采食行为和生产性能的影响,本试验选用15日龄小尾寒羊与杜泊绵羊杂交一代羔羊24只,随机分为3组,每组8只。Ⅰ组为对照组,饲喂基础补饲料;Ⅱ组在基础补饲料中添加0.13%青草香味诱食剂;Ⅲ组在基础补饲料中添加0.13%乳香味诱食剂。试验结果表明,Ⅱ组羔羊的采食时间和每次采食持续时间最长,显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。青草味诱食剂可提高羔羊的生产性能,随着羔羊日龄的增长,Ⅱ组羔羊采食量显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅲ组(P<0.05);而料肉比显著低于Ⅰ、Ⅲ组(P<0.05)。综合考虑,基础补饲料+0.13%青草香味诱食剂对提高羔羊采食量、平均日增重及饲料转化率效果较好。

农产品冷链物流发展模式与政府行为概述

冷链物流已成为世界各国改善农产品流通条件、保障农产品质量、提高农产品附加值和提升农产品国际市场竞争力的一种重要技术。本文分析了发达国家农产品冷链物流发展过程和现状,并比较分析我国农产品冷链物流所存在问题,在此基础上,总结出农产品冷链物流体系的发展模式及促进我国农产品冷链物流发展的政府行为,对提高农产品流通效率,降低生鲜易腐农产品的流通损耗具有重要意义。

基于对兰州市入境旅游者调查的入境旅游者行为偏好实证分析

通过抽样调查,对兰州市入境旅游者的行为偏好特征进行了分析。发现以下行为偏好特征或问题:文化旅游产品最受青睐,口碑宣传对旅游者目的地选择影响最大,旅游者购物意愿强烈但购物比重过低等,并针对以上问题提出了市场开发的对策。

顾客行为和生产能力限制的牛鞭效应分析

针对顾客行为和生产能力限制的牛鞭效应,建立了系统动力学模型.通过对比仿真数据与历史数据,验证了该模型的有效性,并给出了顾客行为和生产能力策略对牛鞭效应的影响规律:对于敏感型的顾客,调整生产能力会放大牛鞭效应;对于非敏感型的顾客,调整生产能力能够保持市场份额不变而降低库存水平.通过分析顾客行为和管理者生产能力策略与牛鞭效应的相互关系,结果表明:制造企业应该根据不同的顾客行为制定相应的生产策略;管理者应该致力于长远发展,而不能因为短期满足顾客需求的行为导致长期内顾客服务水平下降;制造企业需要做好降低库存成本和抑制牛鞭效应之间的平衡.

国内外生态旅游者的旅游动机与行为差异研究——以九寨沟为例

生态旅游在国外发展已久,近年来在我国也得到加速发展,但国内外游客参与国内生态旅游项目时表现出显著的行为差异。对参与九寨沟景区生态旅游项目的国内外游客进行问卷调查,并对调查结果进行多维度的对比分析,发现:国内外游客在人口学特征、旅游信息来源、旅游动机和旅游行为等多个方面存在显著的统计差异;而且,这些差异综合反映了国内外游客在文化背景、旅游经验等的不同。