The key zones of returning farmland to forestland and grassland in Ningxia were studied. By using the ＂stepwise revised method＂,the climate productive potential,light and temperature productive potential in the zone...The key zones of returning farmland to forestland and grassland in Ningxia were studied. By using the ＂stepwise revised method＂,the climate productive potential,light and temperature productive potential in the zone in recent 50 years were counted. The light and temperature productive potential of corn in Ningxia irrigated area,the central arid zone and the southern mountain area presented the linear increase trend. But when considered the climate productive potentials of light,temperature and water,the numerical value was very low because of the scarce rainfall,and no agriculture without the irrigation. The light and temperature productive potential,climate productive potential of winter wheat in the central arid zone had no significant trend,but the variation range of climate productive potential was very big. The light and temperature productive potential of winter wheat in the southern mountain area had no significant variation trend,and the climate productive potential presented the weak decline trend. It illustrated that the productive of winter wheat was greatly restricted by the water content. By using the meteorological factor data which were simulated by RegCM3-WOFOST/LINGRA coupled model,the future climate productive potentials of winter wheat in the central south of Ningxia was counted. They both presented the weak increase trend. It illustrated that the climate in Ningxia was favorable to improve the yield of winter wheat after returning farmland to forestland.展开更多
The extracellular dissolved organic, carbon (DOC) and algal cell particlutate organiccarbon (POC) of a marine nanoplanktonic diatom Chaetoceros sp. were determined in this study. Thedaily rhythm and the influence of l...The extracellular dissolved organic, carbon (DOC) and algal cell particlutate organiccarbon (POC) of a marine nanoplanktonic diatom Chaetoceros sp. were determined in this study. Thedaily rhythm and the influence of light and temperature on the production rate of DOC and POC were stud-ied by growing the diatom under different laboratory controlled conditions of light and temperature. Theresults showed that the production of DOC and POC varied with light and temperature and were generallyhigher at daytime than at night. Under culture conditions of 24L:0D light cycle and 3500 lx light intensi-ty, the DOC and POC reached maximum (DOC: 17. 27 mgC/L; POC: 103. 10 mgC/L). While展开更多
The lighting environment is one of the indoor environmental factors that may influence creativity.The combined effects of illumination(300 lx vs.2000 lx)and color temperature(3000 K vs.6000 K)on mood and creativity we...The lighting environment is one of the indoor environmental factors that may influence creativity.The combined effects of illumination(300 lx vs.2000 lx)and color temperature(3000 K vs.6000 K)on mood and creativity were investigated in 24 participants.During exposure,participants completed questionnaires to assess their mood and lighting perceptions,performed creative and analytical tasks,and collected saliva samples for analysis of melatonin concentration.An interactive effect of illuminance and color temperature on the mood was observed.The participants performed better on the performance of Flexibility,Fluency and Originality in the verbal creative task when they expressed higher positive mood(at 2000 lx,6000 K and 300 lx,3000 K)and performed better on the performance of Resistance to closure in the figural creative task when they reported the lowest positive mood(at 2000 lx,3000 K).Analytical thinking,including calculation and echoic memory skills,was facilitated at the lighting setting(300 lx,6000 K)that induced the least affective intensity.No significant difference in melatonin concentration was observed.This evidence implies that the affective state of the occupants was influenced by light and that their creative performance was altered accordingly.These findings will help to elaborate a design guideline on the lighting environment according to the specific needs of different tasks.展开更多
The symmetry energy at the time of the production of intermediate mass fragments(IMFs) is studied using experimentally observed IMF multiplicities combined with quantum statistical model calculations(QSM of Hahn and S...The symmetry energy at the time of the production of intermediate mass fragments(IMFs) is studied using experimentally observed IMF multiplicities combined with quantum statistical model calculations(QSM of Hahn and St cker).The ratios of difference in chemical potentials between neutrons and protons relative to the temperature,(μn-μp)/T,and the double ratio temperature,T,were extracted experimentally in the reactions of64,70Zn,64Ni+58,64Ni,112,124Sn,197Au,232Th at 40A MeV.The extracted(μn-μp)/TTscales linearly with δNN,where δNN is the asymmetry parameter,(N-Z)/A,of the emitting source and(μn-μp)/T=(11.1 1.4)δNN0.21 was derived.The experimentally extracted(μn-μp)/T and the double ratio temperatures are compared with those from the QSM calculations.The temperatures-,T,and densities,ρ,extracted from the(μn-μp)/T values agreed with those from the double ratio thermometer which used the yield ratios of d,t,h and α particles.However the two analyses of the differential chemical potential analysis and the initial temperature analysis end up almost identical relation between T and ρ.T=5.25±0.75 MeV is evaluated from the(μn-μp)/Tanalysis,but no density determination was possible.From the extracted T value,the symmetry energy coefficient Esym =14.6±3.5 MeV is determined for the emitting source of T=5.25±0.75 MeV.展开更多
With a continuously increasing population and better food consumption levels, im- proving the efficiency of arable land use and increasing its productivity have become funda- mental strategies to meet the growing food...With a continuously increasing population and better food consumption levels, im- proving the efficiency of arable land use and increasing its productivity have become funda- mental strategies to meet the growing food security needs in China. A spatial distribution map of medium- and low-yield cropland is necessary to implement plans for cropland improvement In this study, we developed a new method to identify high-, medium-, and low-yield cropland from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer （MODIS） data at a spatial resolution of 500 m. The method could be used to reflect the regional heterogeneity of cropland productiv- ity because the classification standard was based on the regionalization of cropping systems in China. The results showed that the proportion of high-, medium-, and low-yield cropland in China was 21%, 39%, and 40%, respectively. About 75% of the low-yield cropland was lo- cated in hilly and mountainous areas, and about 53% of the high-yield cropland was located in plain areas. The five provinces with the largest area of high-yield cropland were all located in the Huang-Huai-Hai region, and the area amounted to 42% of the national high-yield cropland area. Meanwhile, the proportion of high-yield cropland was lower than 15% in Hei- Iongjiang, Sichuan, and Inner Mongolia, which had the largest area allocated to cropland in China. If all the medium-yield cropland could be improved to the productive level of high-yield cropland and the low-yield cropland could be improved to the level of medium-yield cropland, the total productivity of the land would increase 19% and 24%, respectively.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Fund Item (40675071)~~
文摘The key zones of returning farmland to forestland and grassland in Ningxia were studied. By using the ＂stepwise revised method＂,the climate productive potential,light and temperature productive potential in the zone in recent 50 years were counted. The light and temperature productive potential of corn in Ningxia irrigated area,the central arid zone and the southern mountain area presented the linear increase trend. But when considered the climate productive potentials of light,temperature and water,the numerical value was very low because of the scarce rainfall,and no agriculture without the irrigation. The light and temperature productive potential,climate productive potential of winter wheat in the central arid zone had no significant trend,but the variation range of climate productive potential was very big. The light and temperature productive potential of winter wheat in the southern mountain area had no significant variation trend,and the climate productive potential presented the weak decline trend. It illustrated that the productive of winter wheat was greatly restricted by the water content. By using the meteorological factor data which were simulated by RegCM3-WOFOST/LINGRA coupled model,the future climate productive potentials of winter wheat in the central south of Ningxia was counted. They both presented the weak increase trend. It illustrated that the climate in Ningxia was favorable to improve the yield of winter wheat after returning farmland to forestland.
基金This work was supported by the MEE Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education,Xiamen University(Grant No.MEE9903)and by Ministry of Education Foundation for University Key Teacher
文摘The extracellular dissolved organic, carbon (DOC) and algal cell particlutate organiccarbon (POC) of a marine nanoplanktonic diatom Chaetoceros sp. were determined in this study. Thedaily rhythm and the influence of light and temperature on the production rate of DOC and POC were stud-ied by growing the diatom under different laboratory controlled conditions of light and temperature. Theresults showed that the production of DOC and POC varied with light and temperature and were generallyhigher at daytime than at night. Under culture conditions of 24L:0D light cycle and 3500 lx light intensi-ty, the DOC and POC reached maximum (DOC: 17. 27 mgC/L; POC: 103. 10 mgC/L). While
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51878405 and No.51778359).
文摘The lighting environment is one of the indoor environmental factors that may influence creativity.The combined effects of illumination(300 lx vs.2000 lx)and color temperature(3000 K vs.6000 K)on mood and creativity were investigated in 24 participants.During exposure,participants completed questionnaires to assess their mood and lighting perceptions,performed creative and analytical tasks,and collected saliva samples for analysis of melatonin concentration.An interactive effect of illuminance and color temperature on the mood was observed.The participants performed better on the performance of Flexibility,Fluency and Originality in the verbal creative task when they expressed higher positive mood(at 2000 lx,6000 K and 300 lx,3000 K)and performed better on the performance of Resistance to closure in the figural creative task when they reported the lowest positive mood(at 2000 lx,3000 K).Analytical thinking,including calculation and echoic memory skills,was facilitated at the lighting setting(300 lx,6000 K)that induced the least affective intensity.No significant difference in melatonin concentration was observed.This evidence implies that the affective state of the occupants was influenced by light and that their creative performance was altered accordingly.These findings will help to elaborate a design guideline on the lighting environment according to the specific needs of different tasks.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC) Projects (No.11075189)"100 Persons Project(Nos.0910020BR0 and Y010110BR0)"+2 种基金"ADS project 302"of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.Y103010ADS)supported by U.S.Department of Energy(Grant No.DE-FG03-93ER40773)Robert A.Welch Foundation(Grant A0330)
文摘The symmetry energy at the time of the production of intermediate mass fragments(IMFs) is studied using experimentally observed IMF multiplicities combined with quantum statistical model calculations(QSM of Hahn and St cker).The ratios of difference in chemical potentials between neutrons and protons relative to the temperature,(μn-μp)/T,and the double ratio temperature,T,were extracted experimentally in the reactions of64,70Zn,64Ni+58,64Ni,112,124Sn,197Au,232Th at 40A MeV.The extracted(μn-μp)/TTscales linearly with δNN,where δNN is the asymmetry parameter,(N-Z)/A,of the emitting source and(μn-μp)/T=(11.1 1.4)δNN0.21 was derived.The experimentally extracted(μn-μp)/T and the double ratio temperatures are compared with those from the QSM calculations.The temperatures-,T,and densities,ρ,extracted from the(μn-μp)/T values agreed with those from the double ratio thermometer which used the yield ratios of d,t,h and α particles.However the two analyses of the differential chemical potential analysis and the initial temperature analysis end up almost identical relation between T and ρ.T=5.25±0.75 MeV is evaluated from the(μn-μp)/Tanalysis,but no density determination was possible.From the extracted T value,the symmetry energy coefficient Esym =14.6±3.5 MeV is determined for the emitting source of T=5.25±0.75 MeV.
基金STS Project of CAS,No.KFJ-EW-STS-001National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41430861
文摘With a continuously increasing population and better food consumption levels, im- proving the efficiency of arable land use and increasing its productivity have become funda- mental strategies to meet the growing food security needs in China. A spatial distribution map of medium- and low-yield cropland is necessary to implement plans for cropland improvement In this study, we developed a new method to identify high-, medium-, and low-yield cropland from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer （MODIS） data at a spatial resolution of 500 m. The method could be used to reflect the regional heterogeneity of cropland productiv- ity because the classification standard was based on the regionalization of cropping systems in China. The results showed that the proportion of high-, medium-, and low-yield cropland in China was 21%, 39%, and 40%, respectively. About 75% of the low-yield cropland was lo- cated in hilly and mountainous areas, and about 53% of the high-yield cropland was located in plain areas. The five provinces with the largest area of high-yield cropland were all located in the Huang-Huai-Hai region, and the area amounted to 42% of the national high-yield cropland area. Meanwhile, the proportion of high-yield cropland was lower than 15% in Hei- Iongjiang, Sichuan, and Inner Mongolia, which had the largest area allocated to cropland in China. If all the medium-yield cropland could be improved to the productive level of high-yield cropland and the low-yield cropland could be improved to the level of medium-yield cropland, the total productivity of the land would increase 19% and 24%, respectively.
