Relationship of Periodontal Status and Dental Caries Status with Oral Health Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior among Professional Students in India

Aim To find the relationship of periodontal status and dental caries status with oral health knowledge, attitude, behavior, among professional students in India. Methodology In a cross sectional study, a total of 825 students （males： 577, females： 248） fi＇om six professions were surveyed using a self administered structured questionnaire including 41 multiple choice questions and the WHO Oral Health Assessment Form （1997）. The data was analyzed using the SPSS version 13.0 to perform the Student＇s t-test, ANOVA test, Scheffe＇s test and Chi-square test, linear regression analysis. Results The mean percentage scores of the students for knowledge were 53.25 ±15.05; for attitude 74.97±20.48; and for behavior 59.09 ±18.77. The percentage of students with calculus score was found to be significantly high （43.8%）. The percentage of professional students with DMFT〉4 was 14.1% and the percentage of students with decayed teeth was 46.2%. The regression analysis showed that the oral health behavior of the students was dependent on the attitude （P〈0.001）, but showed no significant linear relation with the knowledge. Also, that the mean DMFT score was dependent on the oral health behavior （P〈0.05）, but showed no significant relationship with the knowledge and attitude of the students. The periodontal status was independent on the knowledge, but showed a significant relationship with attitude and behavior of the students. Conclusion A positive attitude and adherence to good oral hygiene behaviors is associated with better oral health.

Knowledge and skills of neonatal resuscitation of health professionals at a university teaching hospital of Northwest Ethiopia

BACKGROUND:Competency in neonatal resuscitation is critical in the delivery rooms,neonatology units and pediatrics intensive care units to ensure the safety and health of neonates. Each year,millions of babies do not breathe immediately at birth,and among them the majority require basic neonatal resuscitation. Perinatal asphyxia is a major contributor to neonatal deaths worldwide in resource-limited settings. Neonatal resuscitation is effective only when health professionals have sufficient knowledge and skills. But malpractices by health professionals are frequent in the resuscitation of neonates. The present study was to assess the knowledge and skills of health professionals about neonatal resuscitation.METHODS:An institution based cross-sectional study was conducted in our hospital from February15 to April 30,2014. All nurses,midwives and residents from obstetrics-gynecology(obsgyn),midwifery and pediatric departments were included. The mean scores of knowledge and skills were compared for sex,age,type of profession,qualification,year of service and previous place of work of the participants by using Student's t test and ANOVA with Scheffe's test. A P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.RESULTS:One hundred and thirty-five of 150 participants were included in this study with a response rate of 90.0%. The overall mean scores of knowledge and skills of midwives,nurses and residents were 19.9(SD=3.1) and 6.8(SD=3.9) respectively. The mean knowledge scores of midwives,nurses,pediatric residents and obs-gyn residents were 19.7(SD=3.03),20.2(SD=2.94),19.7(SD=4.4) and 19.6(SD=3.3) respectively. Whereas the mean scores of skills of midwives,nurses,pediatric residents and obs-gyn residents were 7.1(SD=4.17),6.7(SD=3.75),5.7(SD=4.17) and 6.6(SD=3.97) respectively.CONCLUSIONS:The knowledge and skills of midwives,nurses and residents about neonatal resuscitation were substandardized. Training of neonatal resuscitation for midwives,nurses and residents should be emphasized.

Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes and Support of Health Professionals towards Biobanks in Eastern Morocco

Background: Health professionals play a key role in increasing the rate of biobanking participation. Here, we assessed the knowledge and attitude of health professionals in Eastern Morocco towards biobanks and their willingness to recruit patients into biobanks. Methods: A cross-sectional study carried out among health professionals working in various public and private health centers in Eastern Morocco. The data were obtained using a self-administered anonymous questionnaire. Results: 600 health professionals were included in the study. Only 37.5% of them had knowledge of biobanks. Associations analysis showed that among health professionals, physicians had more knowledge of biobanks (OR = 2.50, p = 0.000), and health professionals working at the University Hospital had more knowledge of biobanks compared to those working in the other participating health centers (p Conclusions: This study indicates that health professionals in Eastern Morocco showed a notable lack of knowledge about biobanks. However, the majority were willing to donate their own biospecimens and supported the recruitment of patients into biobanks. This study was a good opportunity to raise awareness among health professionals about the interest of biobanks in the development of biomedical research in Eastern Morocco.

Personal Tacit Knowledge and Global Learning Professional Competencies—Multi-Dimensional Relationships

Global learning professional competencies (GLPCs) are essential for college students to be able to address the impact of globalization in the 21st century. Organizations and society-at-large look to higher education to prepare college students with GLPCs. In addition, there is a body of literature that suggest personal tacit knowledge enhance GLPCs. However, researchers have done little from an empirical perspective to determine the relationship between the use of P-T K and enhancement of GLPCs, hence the purpose of this study. The statistical results revealed significant correlations, p st century knowledge society through use of P-T K.

The Role of EFL/ESL Teachers＇ Idiosyncratic Knowledge Base in Their Professional Development in the Postmethod Premise

The present paper examines an EFL/ESL teacher＇s potential in generating and developing his/her own knowledge base and theories of teaching and learning independent of the knowledge base manufactured by the ＂experts＂ in those fields. It also makes an effort to pave the way for them to go beyond the edge and advance towards an innovation that deviates from simple, certain, controlled and established ways of teaching and conducting researches towards complex, uncertain and less-controlled ones. It scrutinizes how instead of simply testing, ＂idealizing and reifying＂ the traditional, already established literature, an EFL/ESL teacher takes it as a point of departure in order to develop their own framework based on their practical experiences. The readymade professional theories and pedagogies are mostly generalizations--sometimes overgeneralizations---of the patrons of certain ideology to privilege a certain political or cultural group to place it over others. This usually sets barrier to an individual teacher＇s professional development since they are often set back from ＂theorizing what they practice and practice what they theorize＂ denying his/her idiosyncratic knowledge base that is convincingly capable of helping him/her grow professionally. It also leads to denying the teachers＇ and learners＇ socio-politico-cultural faiths that mould up a person as a whole. However, this paper also recognizes the traditional knowledge base as the ground for individual teachers to leap offand advance towards innovation.

Dimensions of professional knowledge

This study concern how professional knowledge is discussed, understood and employed by integration workers in an integration activity in Sweden called Civic Orientation. The changing and complex nature of integration work implies that integration workers need specialized knowledge to ensure quality of the activity. Defining what is meant by professional knowledge is especially important and to address these issues, this study focuses on what constitutes professional knowledge with respect to the efforts made to support immigrant integration. Our study reveals that professional knowledge in Civic Orientation encompasses the understanding and responding to the heterogeneity of the groups in daily interactions, developing standardized procedures;and knowledge about how to establishing a cumulative approach to knowledge in the organization. We argue that these motives are embedded in different perspectives on culture and knowledge. Furthermore, these different perspectives are expressed as tensions between values of creativity and standardization as well as between equality and heterogeneity.

Knowledge levels and attitudes of health care professionals toward patients with hepatitis C infection

AIM:To study knowledge levels and attitudes of health care providers toward patients with hepatitis C virus infection in Guilan,a northern province of Iran.METHODS:This cross-sectional study was performed on 239 health care professionals from the Razi Hospital,including doctors,nurses,and operating room technicians.The questionnaires consisted of questions on demographic characteristics,knowledge levels,and attitudes toward hepatitis C patients.The questionnaire was tested in a pilot study and validated by Cronbach' s alpha coefficient.Data were analyzed using SPSS16 software.RESULTS:The mean ± SD knowledge score was 17.43 ± 2.65(from a total of 22).51.9% of the participants achieved scores higher than the mean.There was a significant relationship between knowledge score and age(P = 0.001),gender(P = 0.0001),occupational history(P = 0.0001),and educational history(P = 0.027).There was also a significant relationship between attitude level and age(P = 0.002),gender(P = 0.0001),occupational history(P = 0.0001),and educational history(P = 0.035).Physicians were significantly more knowledgeable and showed more positive attitudes.There was a positive correlation between knowledge and attitude scores(P = 0.02).CONCLUSION:Discriminatory attitudes are common among health care providers toward hepatitis C patients.It is therefore necessary to improve their knowledge level and attitude toward this disease.

Knowledge regarding celiac disease among healthcare professionals,patients and their caregivers in Turkey

BACKGROUND Celiac disease(CD)is one of the most prevalent chronic disorders.The clinical manifestations of CD are diverse and may present with gastrointestinal findings,extra-intestinal findings or no symptoms.Although there has been a marked increase in the prevalence of CD in the past 30 years,up to 95%of patients with CD remain undiagnosed.As most cases have atypical signs or no symptoms,the diagnosis of CD is either missed or delayed.In addition,one of the most important reasons for the delay in diagnosis may be the poor knowledge of healthcare professionals(HCPs)regarding CD.AIM To evaluate the knowledge of HCPs,patients and their caregivers(parents)regarding CD.METHODS The current study was carried out between June 2021 and February 2022 prospectively,as part of the Focus IN CD project.Patients with CD and their caregivers participated in the study from 6 different cities in Turkey.General practitioners,pediatricians,pediatricians with other subspecialities and pediatric gastroenterologists from different cities participated in the study.RESULTS The questionnaire was completed by 348 HCPs,34 patients with CD,and 102 mothers and 34 fathers of patients with CD.Most of the participants were general practitioners(37.07%).There were 89(25.57%)pediatricians and 72(20.69%)pediatric gastroenterologists in the study.The highest score in all categories was achieved by pediatric gastroenterologists.There were significant differences between the four groups of HCPs in terms of the subsections of overall mean score,epidemiology and clinical presentation,treatment and follow-up.No significant difference was found between the groups(patients with CD,mothers of patients with CD and fathers of patients with CD)in terms of the questionnaire subsections.CONCLUSION The level of knowledge on CD among HCPs,patients and their caregivers was unsatisfactory.We consider that it is necessary to increase awareness and to develop e-learning activities on CD among HCPs,patients and their caregivers.Consequently,they may benefit from e-learning programs similar to the one created as part of the EU-funded project Focus IN CD(https://www.celiacfacts.eu/focusincd-en).

Analysis on the Causes of Existing Problems of Professional Knowledge of Western Rural Teachers Under the Urban and Rural Educational Planning Background

This paper adopts the self-designed questionnaire to make investigations and interviews with the rural middle and primary school teachers in Chengdu and Chongqing districts about the professional development problems of western rural teachers, and refers to the educational literature materials in western rural areas. Through a comprehensive analysis, it is known that the professional knowledge status of western rural teachers is worrying, and the reason is mainly caused by the location, policy, economy, society, continuing education and teachers＇ own factors.

Introducing the Principles of Tendon Transfer for Surgical Trainees to Improve Anatomical Knowledge

This article reviewed the principles and outcomes of tendon transfer procedures described in the literature to restore function following injuries delivered in a workshop as a way of improving basic science and anatomical knowledge in surgical trainees preparing for surgical examinations. Post intervention surveys showed an improvement in trainees’ familiarity with musculoskeletal anatomy and engagement in learning with improved readiness for surgical examinations.

Knowledge and Perceptions of Hospital Care Staff towards Medical Internet of Things and the Role of Awareness Videos: A Quasi Experimental Study

Introduction: The healthcare industry continues to adopt and integrate smart technology into its operations. However, the adoption of the eHealth solutions has not been smooth in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) due to negative beliefs about the technology, lack of awareness and motivation and resistance to change. Thus, this study was developed to investigate the knowledge and perceptions of hospital care staff towards the Medical Internet of Things and to explore the role of awareness videos in changing negative perceptions. Methods: One group pre-test post-test quasi-experimental study design was incorporated, and 116 participants from Ministry of Health hospitals in Riyadh, KSA, were included. A series of four videos were developed to observe their influence on the knowledge and perceptions of mIoT. Results: The findings showed that participants had more knowledge about the individual components of mIoT (particularly wearable devices) compared to the processes or functions of mIoT. Similarly, just over half (56.0%) of the individuals think that the current systems in the hospital are enough to deliver mIoT. However, 90% think mIoT is the future of digital health. Similarly, PE, SI, BI, EE and CESE were considered facilitators and PTA and CC were considered grave barriers to mIoT adoption. The awareness videos positively influenced knowledge and perceptions of PE, EE, CESE and SI. Conclusion: The study concludes that hospital staff in Riyadh (excluding doctors) possess basic mIoT knowledge, consider various adoption factors as enablers, and awareness video can play a critical role in effectively introducing the technology to the hospital care staff.

The knowledge level of final year undergraduate health science students and medical interns about cardiopulmonary resuscitation at a university teaching hospital of Northwest Ethiopia

BACKGROUND: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR) is a life-saving technique which is used after cardiopulmonary arrest. Chance of survival after arrest will increase if it is coupled with sufficient knowledge. Final year undergraduate health science students and interns manage many trauma and critically ill patients in our hospital. Even though all students took CPR training in undergraduate course, we sometimes saw difficulties in the resuscitation of patients after cardiopulmonary arrest by undergraduate health professionals. This study was to assess the level of knowledge of undergraduate health science students and medical interns about cardiopulmonary resuscitation.METHODS: Hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted from February 1 to March 30, 2013. All undergraduate health professionals were included. The mean score of knowledge was compared for sex, original residence and department of the participants by using Student's t test and ANOVA with Scheffe's test. P values <0.05 were considered statistically significant.RESULTS: Four hundred sixty-one out of 506 students were included in this study with a response rate of 91.1%. The overall mean knowledge score of final year undergraduate health science students and interns was 11.1(SD=0.2). The mean knowledge scores of nurses, interns, health officer, midwifery, anesthesia and psychiatry nursing students were 9.84(SD=2.5), 13.34(SD=2.8), 9.81(SD=3.0), 8.77(SD=2.6), 13.31(SD=2.7) and 8.43(SD=2.4) respectively.CONCLUSIONS: The knowledge level of undergraduate health professionals about cardiopulmonary resuscitation was insufficient. Training about CPR for undergraduate health professionals should be emphasized.

Occupational exposures to blood and body fluids (BBF): Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice among health care workers in general hospitals in Lebanon

Healthcare workers (HCWs) who are employed in traditional health care workplaces face a serious danger that may threaten their life;it is their exposure to blood and body fluids (BBF). In Lebanon, the introduction of a hospital accreditation system has put a particular emphasis on staff safety, and on the evaluation of professional practice (EPP) programs. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted amongst 277 HCWs working in 4 general hospitals in South Lebanon. Objective: 1) describe the prevalence and the risk factors for occupational exposure to BBF among HCWs;2) evaluate knowledge, attitude, and practices of HCW concerning blood-borne pathogens and adherence to universal safety precautions. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 32.14 years (SD = 10.33), 57.4% were females. 43.3% of HCWs expressed that they use gloves all the time for every activeity of care. 67.1% were aware that needles should not be recapped after use;registered nurses and nursing students were more aware than physicians and nursing assistants (nurse) in this subject. 30% of HCWs declared having had at least one occupational exposure to BBF;62.7% of all accidental exposure was reported to the department responsible for managing exposures. Percutaneous injuries were the most frequently reported. Vaccination coverage was 88.4% for hepatitis B, and 48.4% against influenza. The source patient was tested in 43.4% of reported BBF exposures. Accidental exposure to BBF was more frequent in older people (OR = 3.42;p = 0.03) and the more experienced. Subjects working in intensive care unit ward reported more exposure to BBF (OR = 3;p = 0.04). Participants incurring exposure to BBF resorted to different measures after the injury suggesting a lack of a uniform policy for post-exposure prophylaxis. Conclusion: Exposure to BBF represents an important and frequently preventable occupational hazard for HCWs in Lebanon that requires continuous EPP of HCWs, and a comprehensive approach for prevention and management.

Knowledge, Perception and Attitude of Pharmacists, Nurses and Doctors about Home-Care Medical Devices in Sharjah and Ajman, UAE

Background: Medical Equipments are designed to aid in the diagnosis;monitoring or treatment of medical conditions. Upgrades in technology also help continuously educate healthcare professionals. Where previously the use of devices like “mercury sphygmomanometers” is common place, they are now being replaced by either aneroid or “mercury-free” devices. It indicates the development of technology in this area. However, trends show that healthcare professionals still seem to trust “old school” equipment a lot more. Thus, it would be motivating to see why healthcare professionals have such engraved perceptions regarding medical equipment and to be able to investigate their knowledge about current medical devices and what their thoughts are on new technology available in this area. Objectives: This research is designed with an aim to gauge perception and knowledge of targeted HCPs on the risks, benefits, issues, usage and perception on the difference between older medical equipment and the newer ones with state of the art technology available in the market. Methods: A cross-sectional study using a 34 item questionnaire was used to survey a convenient sample of nurses, pharmacists and doctors across community practices in Ajman and Sharjah, UAE. Conclusion: Discouraging HCP’s from a long standing bias towards certain brands may lead towards better therapeutic outcomes for patients. Also, comments from HCP’s prove that HCP’s in these Emirates really do care for their patients and overall improvement of the health care industry.

Theory and Professionals： Impact of HRM on Economy

Research topic of this paper includes importance of theoretical knowledge on performance of firms＇ professionals. Research question is how theory affects the performance. Answer might become thorough competence of professionals and task performance. With this sense, two case studis are obtained from Drucker＇s works （2009; 2015）. Therefore, research method covers case study approaches. Furthermore, firms produce national GDP in an economy. There are several functions in firm management, and managers operate those functions. They are logistics, supply, stock, finance, accounting, marketing, production, etc. All have managers such as accounting manager, finance manager, marketing manager, etc. Performance of managers is crucial to fLrm performance. Because performance of managers might become one determinator of firm performance. Therefore, HRM may have an impact on GDP through managers. Because productions and sales of firms affect GDPs on an economy. Moreover, professionals or managers must have theoretical knowledge in their field. Because theoretical knowledge increases their performance at work. In conclusion, study reveals that managers may have impact on firm performance; and theory may increase task performance of employees.

关于风景园林专业学位与知识体系的思考

【目的】中国风景园林教育事业进入新的发展阶段,在专业学位背景下,风景园林知识体系亟待梳理与反思。【方法/过程】基于专业学位教育特点,剖析国家政策、社会需求,重新系统认知风景园林专业学位:从培养目标、知识类型、知识层级与知识结构4个方面探讨风景园林专业学位与知识体系的内涵及发展方向。现代风景园林专业人才培养的核心在于对实践智慧与能力的培养,专业知识类型势必从过去以经验知识为主体转变为以科学知识与规律为主体。科学、艺术与技术3种类型知识的融合是专业发展与人才培养的基础。学士、硕士与博士三级人才培养模式体现出风景园林专业知识的层级属性,据此处理好专业知识体系中内涵与外延的结构关系是推动专业发展的根本问题。【结果/结论】面对风景园林专业乃至思维范式的革新,应按照专业知识生产与组构的特定规律,探索风景园林专业未来可持续发展的有效路径。

简论新闻与日常生活的关系

新闻与日常生活的关系,是人与新闻关系的基础,是新闻学应该关注的重要研究对象,也是构建当代中国新闻学完整自主知识体系不可或缺的组成部分。从日常(生活)新闻本身、日常新闻与非日常新闻及非日常新闻与日常生活关系三个方面,对新闻与日常生活关系问题做了初步论述。研究认为:日常新闻就是关于日常生活事实的新闻;日常新闻与非日常新闻构成了共同的新闻世界;日常新闻与非日常新闻在人们的日常生活中具有不同的地位和作用。关于新闻与日常生活关系的系统研究还需要在未来继续展开。

思政背景下交通大数据技术及应用课程设计探讨

系统分析高校交通大数据技术及应用课程在思政教育过程中存在的问题,提出交通大数据技术及应用课程的理论知识内容和发展方向,给出思政教育与专业知识相融合的教学模式。以数据安全、国家安全、软件国产化、社会大事件和芯片“卡脖子”等为例,激发学生的学习兴趣,调动学生的学习积极性,实现与思政教育的深度融合。

从专业确信到模糊生成:面向不确定性的社会工作知识生产及其反思

“不确定性”作为现代社会发展结构性力量和具象化体验,深刻影响着社会工作理论与实践发展进程,促使社会工作知识生产范式实现了从专业确信到模糊生成的阶段转变。这一不确定性转变体现在知识基础、研究范式、生产主体、生产场域、知识结构和知识特性等若干方面。对此,需要以承认不确定性为认知基点,构建以整体表征为知识视角、以复杂叙事为研究范式、以主体赋能为价值指向、以情境实践为行动配置、以多维整合为网络型构、以视域反思为理论内涵的不确定性社会工作知识体系,进而在此基础上实现社会工作知识范式的深层次革新与多样化发展。