In the late nineteenth century,stimulated by the demand for modern military technology,mathematics research and education in China developed rapidly,resulting in the emergence of the first generation of professional m...In the late nineteenth century,stimulated by the demand for modern military technology,mathematics research and education in China developed rapidly,resulting in the emergence of the first generation of professional mathematicians.This marks the starting point for the professionalization of mathematics in China,a process which this paper sets out to analyze.The author first provides a brief survey of the status of Chinese mathematicians prior to 1860.Then,the paper analyzes the social and political context of mathematics,focusing on the improvement of the civil service examination system.Finally,the paper studies the development of mathematics education in the late nineteenth century,leading to the conclusion that mathematics and Chinese mathematicians were professionalized in three major ways:(1)some mathematicians could earn a stable livelihood from their mathematical competence;(2)the social position of mathematicians improved;and(3)the social status of the specialty of mathematics was enhanced.展开更多
This paper contributed to the pool of studies about agricultural surplus labor in China, also acted as the root to the imminent settlement of the issues concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers. Using data from...This paper contributed to the pool of studies about agricultural surplus labor in China, also acted as the root to the imminent settlement of the issues concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers. Using data from survey of agricultural surplus labor in 2012, which covered three provinces in northern, midwestem and southern parts of China, this paper analyzed the influential factors on agricultural surplus labor professionalization by adoption of a logistic regression model. It showed that agricultural surplus labor shortage could be explained by low-quality professionalization. It was a feasible and effective way to solve the issue of workforce shortage during economic downturn by improving agricultural surplus labor＇s professionalization.展开更多
There are essential differences between the current status of farmers in China and "farmer" as a profession; this disparity remains to be a barrier to agricultural modernization. Since reform and opening up,...There are essential differences between the current status of farmers in China and "farmer" as a profession; this disparity remains to be a barrier to agricultural modernization. Since reform and opening up, changes in social economic structure have prompted the professionalization of farmers. To realize this trend and promote this transformation will be of significant importance to Chinese agricultural modernization.展开更多
Since the 1970s,the Chinese government has promulgated relevant policies and launched a series of corresponding measures,mainly to strengthen the professional building of efficient counselors.With the education reform...Since the 1970s,the Chinese government has promulgated relevant policies and launched a series of corresponding measures,mainly to strengthen the professional building of efficient counselors.With the education reform,the role and mission of college counselors are also changing,from dealing with solely political work at the beginning to being a political guide,conceptual mentor,administrative management leader and imparter of mental health knowledge for young college students and so on.This paper mainly analyzes the characteristics of the professionalization and specialization development of the counselor team since the founding of the People's Republic of China,analyzes the current development difficulties,derives inspiration from the law of historical development,and eliminates the difficulties.展开更多
Professionalization of Chinese peasantry is now facing such problems as generally low quality of peasants as a result of talents outflow fragmentation of agricultural production and lack of normal and unified social s...Professionalization of Chinese peasantry is now facing such problems as generally low quality of peasants as a result of talents outflow fragmentation of agricultural production and lack of normal and unified social security system.A series of effective measures should be taken to ensure the achievement of professionalization of the peasantry and agricultural modernization.展开更多
文摘In the late nineteenth century,stimulated by the demand for modern military technology,mathematics research and education in China developed rapidly,resulting in the emergence of the first generation of professional mathematicians.This marks the starting point for the professionalization of mathematics in China,a process which this paper sets out to analyze.The author first provides a brief survey of the status of Chinese mathematicians prior to 1860.Then,the paper analyzes the social and political context of mathematics,focusing on the improvement of the civil service examination system.Finally,the paper studies the development of mathematics education in the late nineteenth century,leading to the conclusion that mathematics and Chinese mathematicians were professionalized in three major ways:(1)some mathematicians could earn a stable livelihood from their mathematical competence;(2)the social position of mathematicians improved;and(3)the social status of the specialty of mathematics was enhanced.
文摘This paper contributed to the pool of studies about agricultural surplus labor in China, also acted as the root to the imminent settlement of the issues concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers. Using data from survey of agricultural surplus labor in 2012, which covered three provinces in northern, midwestem and southern parts of China, this paper analyzed the influential factors on agricultural surplus labor professionalization by adoption of a logistic regression model. It showed that agricultural surplus labor shortage could be explained by low-quality professionalization. It was a feasible and effective way to solve the issue of workforce shortage during economic downturn by improving agricultural surplus labor＇s professionalization.
文摘There are essential differences between the current status of farmers in China and "farmer" as a profession; this disparity remains to be a barrier to agricultural modernization. Since reform and opening up, changes in social economic structure have prompted the professionalization of farmers. To realize this trend and promote this transformation will be of significant importance to Chinese agricultural modernization.
文摘Since the 1970s,the Chinese government has promulgated relevant policies and launched a series of corresponding measures,mainly to strengthen the professional building of efficient counselors.With the education reform,the role and mission of college counselors are also changing,from dealing with solely political work at the beginning to being a political guide,conceptual mentor,administrative management leader and imparter of mental health knowledge for young college students and so on.This paper mainly analyzes the characteristics of the professionalization and specialization development of the counselor team since the founding of the People's Republic of China,analyzes the current development difficulties,derives inspiration from the law of historical development,and eliminates the difficulties.
基金the phased achievement of national natural science fund project"The Influence of Professionalization of the Peasantry on Implementation Path of Scale Operation of High-Value Agro-Products"(71403208)research project of humanities and social sciences of Northwest A & F University"Study on Scale Operation of High-Value Agro-Products from the Perspective of the Professionalization of the Peasantry"(2014RWYB04)
文摘Professionalization of Chinese peasantry is now facing such problems as generally low quality of peasants as a result of talents outflow fragmentation of agricultural production and lack of normal and unified social security system.A series of effective measures should be taken to ensure the achievement of professionalization of the peasantry and agricultural modernization.
