Optimization of the Placement and Size of Photovoltaic Source

This paper presents a new optimization study of the placement and size of a photovoltaic source(PVS)in a distribution grid,based on annual records of meteorological parameters(irradiance,temperature).Based on the recorded data,the production output as well as the daily average power(24-h vector)of the PVS is extracted over the year.When a power vector is available,it can be used as an input when searching for the optimal size of the PVS.This allows to take into account the constraint of the variation of the power generated by this source considering the variation of the power consumed by the electrical loads during the whole day.A multi-objective fitness function has been considered.The latter minimizes the active losses and maximizes the voltage stability index during the day,while considering the constraints of the system,that is,the security,technical,geographical,and meteorological constraints.This problem was solved using the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm NSGA-II optimization technique under MATLAB 2021.It was applied to the distribution network of Ghardaïa of 59 nodes.

Drug-polymer inclusion complex as a new pharmaceutical solid form

The solid forms of drugs play a central role in controlling their physicochemical properties and consequently the bioavailability. Multiple types of drug solid forms have been developed to achieve the desirable pharmaceutical profiles, but new solid forms will provide more options for the solid-state property optimization and hence are highly desirable. This review focuses on a new pharmaceutical solid form, drug-polymer inclusion complexes （ICs）, and summarizes their structural features, structure- property relationships, as well as potential pharmaceutical applications

Crystalline inclusion complexes formed between the drug diflunisal and block copolymers

The solid form of drugs plays a central role in optimizing the physicochemical properties of drugs,and new solid forms will provide more options to achieve the desirable pharmaceutical profiles of drugs.Recently,certain drugs have been found to form crystalline inclusion complexes（ICs） with multiple types of linear polymers,representing a new subcategory of pharmaceutical solids.In this study,we used diflunisal（DIF） as the model drug host and extended the guest of drug/polymer ICs from homopolymers to block copolymers of poly（ethylene glycol）（PEG） and poly（s-caprolactone）（PCL）.The block length in the guest copolymers showed a significant influence on the formation,thermal stability and dissolution behavior of the DIF ICs.Though the PEG block could hardly be included alone,it could indeed be included in the DIF ICs when the PCL block was long enough.The increase of the PCL block length produced IC crystals with improved thermal stability.The dissolution profiles of DIF/block copolymer ICs exhibited gradually decreased aqueous solubility and dissolution rate with the increasing PCL block length.These results demonstrate the possibility of using drug/polymer ICs to modulate the desired pharmaceutical profiles of drugs in a predictable and controllable manner.