3D elastic-plastic FE model for simulating the force controlled stretch-bending process of double-cavity aluminum profile was established using hybrid explicit−implicit solvent method.Considering the computational acc...3D elastic-plastic FE model for simulating the force controlled stretch-bending process of double-cavity aluminum profile was established using hybrid explicit−implicit solvent method.Considering the computational accuracy and efficiency,the optimal choices of numerical parameters and algorithms in FE modelling were determined.The formation mechanisms of cross-section distortion and springback were revealed.The effects of pre-stretching,post-stretching,friction,and the addition of internal fillers on forming quality were investigated.The results show that the stress state of profile in stretch-bending is uniaxial with only a circumferential stress.The stress distribution along the length direction of profile is non-uniform and the maximum tensile stress is located at a certain distance away from the center of profile.As aluminum profile is gradually attached to bending die,the distribution characteristic of cross-section distortion along the length direction of profile changes from V-shape to W-shape.After unloading the forming tools,cross-section distortion decreases obviously due to the stress relaxation,with a maximum distortion difference of 13%before and after unloading.As pre-stretching and post-stretching forces increase,cross-section distortion increases gradually,while springback first decreases and then remains unchanged.With increasing friction between bending die and profile,cross-section distortion slightly decreases,while springback increases.Cross-section distortion decreases by 83%with adding PVC fillers into the cavities of profile,while springback increases by 192.2%.展开更多
Objective: The effect of Chuanzhi Fang (ZGC) on the whole genome expression profile of RAW264.7 cells activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was analyzed, and to explore the possible mechanism of action and core target...Objective: The effect of Chuanzhi Fang (ZGC) on the whole genome expression profile of RAW264.7 cells activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was analyzed, and to explore the possible mechanism of action and core target of this formula on macrophage inflammatory injury at the overall level. Methods: A model of LPS-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 cells was constructed, and the effect of ZGC intervention on the genome-wide expression of inflammatory macrophages 3was examined by gene microarray technology, GO/KEGG enrichment analysis was performed for significantly differentially expressed genes among each group. Results: The results of genome-wide expression profiling microarray analysis showed that the ZGC intervention group upregulated the expression of 5 genes including C4bp and inhibited the expression of 22 genes including Mgat3, Psma6, and Siglecg relative to the LPS model group. KEGG signaling pathway analysis results showed that ZGC mainly acted through cytokine receptor interaction and the C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway. Conclusion: ZGC can interfere with the abnormal expression of 27 genes in inflammatory macrophages, and the related genes may exert corresponding anti-inflammatory effects by affecting cytokine receptor interactions, C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway, and TLR4/ NF-κB signaling pathway.展开更多
In a round-oval-round pass rolling sequence, the cross-section profile of an outgoing workpiece was predicted first after getting the maximum spread. The concept "critical point on the contact boundary" was proposed...In a round-oval-round pass rolling sequence, the cross-section profile of an outgoing workpiece was predicted first after getting the maximum spread. The concept "critical point on the contact boundary" was proposed and the coordinates of the critical point were solved. The equivalent contact section area was represented and the mean roll radius was determined. The validity of this model was examined by alloy bar rolling experiment and rigid-plastic FEM simulation. Compared with the existing models, the mean roll radius obtained by this model is similar to experiment data.展开更多
In order to evaluate the effects of soil depth on the contents of soil organic nitrogen,organic nitrogen forms in apple-pear orchard soil profile were quantified using the method proposed by Bremner in 1965.The result...In order to evaluate the effects of soil depth on the contents of soil organic nitrogen,organic nitrogen forms in apple-pear orchard soil profile were quantified using the method proposed by Bremner in 1965.The results indicated that in addition to the amino sugar-N,all the soil organic N components within the same soil layer in wasteland were more than those in apple-pear orchard soil;with the layer depth increasing,the contents of different organic nitrogen forms in apple-pear orchard soil and wasteland were decreased;and the proportion of each organic N component within total hydrolysable N was different,and the percentages of ammonia N and amino acid-N components within total hydrolysable N were higher,especially the percentage of ammonia N components within total hydrolysable N was the highest.展开更多
Arc erosion morphologies of Ag/MeO(10) electrical contact materials after 50000 operations under direct current of 19 V and 20 A and resistive load conditions were investigated using scanning electron microscope(SE...Arc erosion morphologies of Ag/MeO(10) electrical contact materials after 50000 operations under direct current of 19 V and 20 A and resistive load conditions were investigated using scanning electron microscope(SEM) and a 3D optical profiler(3DOP). The results indicated that 3DOP could supply clearer and more detailed arc erosion morphology information. Arc erosion resistance of Ag/SnO_2(10) electrical contact material was the best and that of Ag/CuO(10) was the worst. Arc erosion morphology of Ag/MeO(10) electrical contact materials mainly included three different types. Arc erosion morphologies of Ag/ZnO(10) and Ag/SnO_2(10) electrical contact materials were mainly liquid splash and evaporation, and those of Ag/CuO(10) and Ag/CdO(10) were mainly material transfer from anode to cathode. Arc erosion morphology of Ag/SnO_2(6)In_2O_3(4) electrical contact materials included both liquid splash, evaporation and material transfer. In addition, the formation process and mechanism on arc erosion morphology of Ag/MeO(10) electrical contact materials were discussed.展开更多
The key technique of a kinetic energy rod(KER) warhead is to control the flight attitude of rods. The rods are usually designed to different shapes. A new conceptual KER named profiled rod which has large L/D ratio is...The key technique of a kinetic energy rod(KER) warhead is to control the flight attitude of rods. The rods are usually designed to different shapes. A new conceptual KER named profiled rod which has large L/D ratio is described in this paper. The elastic dynamic equations of this profiled rod flying at high velocity after detonation are set up on the basis of Euler-Bernoulli beam, and the aeroelastic deformation of profiled rod is calculated by semi-analytical method for calculating the vibration characteristics of variable cross-section beam. In addition, the aeroelastic deformation of the undeformed profiled rod and the aeroelastic deformation of deformed profiled rod which is caused by the detonation of explosive are simulated by computational fluid dynamic and finite element method(CFD/FEM), respectively. A satisfactory agreement of these two methods is obtained by the comparison of two methods. The results show that the semi-analytical method for calculating the vibration characteristics of variable cross-section beam is applied to analyze the aeroelastic deformation of profiled rod flying at high velocity.展开更多
Software reliability is defined as the probability of the failure-free operation of a software system for a specified period of time in a specified environment. Traditional approaches for software reliability analysis...Software reliability is defined as the probability of the failure-free operation of a software system for a specified period of time in a specified environment. Traditional approaches for software reliability analysis are black box approaches. These approaches use the software as a whole. At present, main emphasis of software is on reuse, hence component based software applications came into existence. Black box models are not appropriate for these applications. This paper introduces some significant factors for reliability estimation of Component Based Software Applications. Reliability of Component Based Software Application depends upon these factors. This paper?also gives the definition of factors and explains its relation with reliability of software application.展开更多
This paper extends and generalizes the works of [1,2] to allow for cross-sectional dependence in the context of a two-way error components model and consequently develops LM test. The cross-sectional dependence follow...This paper extends and generalizes the works of [1,2] to allow for cross-sectional dependence in the context of a two-way error components model and consequently develops LM test. The cross-sectional dependence follows the first order spatial autoregressive error (SAE) process and is imposed on the remainder disturbances. It is important to note that this paper does not consider alternative forms of spatial lag dependence other than SAE. It also does not allow for endogeneity of the regressors and requires the normality assumption to derive the LM test.展开更多
The sea-level pressure (SLP), 500 hPa height, zonal-mean 500 hPa height ([Z(500)]), stationary wave eddy component of the 500 hPa height (Z(500)*) and zonal-mean 500 hPa geostrophic wind [U-g] fields poleward of 20 de...The sea-level pressure (SLP), 500 hPa height, zonal-mean 500 hPa height ([Z(500)]), stationary wave eddy component of the 500 hPa height (Z(500)*) and zonal-mean 500 hPa geostrophic wind [U-g] fields poleward of 20 degreesN are examined for the period 1958-1997, with emphasis on the winter season. The relationships between the Arctic Oscillation (AO)index and algebraic difference of the zonal-mean wind in 55 degreesN and 35 degreesN (Ut) index were investigated, making use the Monte Carlo procedure, Singular Value Decomposition (SVD), Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) and regression method. The leading modes of empirical orthogonal function (EOF's) of SLP are more robust than the 500 hPa height EOF's. not only in the ratio of the two largest eigenvalues, but in more zonally symmetric. Comparing the meridional profiles of zonal-mean wind amplitude associated with the AO and Ut index, the profiles for the two indexes are very similar, both with respect to amplitude and the placement of the maximum and minimum. Comparing the station wave component of 500 hPa height field regressed upon the AO and Ut index. there is one-to-one correspondence between all the major centers of action in the two maps, especially in the North Atlantic and Eurasian continent. The pattern is unlike the prominent teleconnection patterns, they have hemispheric extent and cannot be interpreted in term of the individual wavetrains.展开更多
Ionomic profiles are primarily influenced by genetic and environmental factors.Identifying ionomic responses to varietal effects is necessary to understand the ionomic variations among species or subspecies and to pot...Ionomic profiles are primarily influenced by genetic and environmental factors.Identifying ionomic responses to varietal effects is necessary to understand the ionomic variations among species or subspecies and to potentially understand genetic effects on ionomic profiles.We cultivated 120 rice(Oryza sativa)varieties to seedling stage in identical hydroponic conditions and determined the concentrations of 26 elements(including 3 anions)in the shoots and roots of rice.Although the subspecies effects were limited by the genus Oryza pre-framework and its elemental chemical properties,we found significant differences in ionomic variations in most elements among the aus,indica and japonica subspecies.Principal component analysis of the correlations indicated that variations in the root-to-shoot ionomic transport mechanisms were the main causes of ionomic differences among the subspecies.Furthermore,the correlations were primarily associated with the screening of varieties for elemental covariation effects that can facilitate breeding biofortified rice varieties with safe concentrations of otherwise toxic elements.The japonica subspecies exhibited the strongest elemental correlations and elemental covariation effects,therefore,they showed greater advantages for biofortification than the indica and aus subspecies,whereas indica and aus subspecies were likely safer in metal(loid)polluted soils.We also found that geographical and historical distribution significantly defined the ionomic profiles.Overall,the results of this study provided a reference for further association studies to improve the nutritional status and minimize toxicity risks in rice production.展开更多
We analyzed profiles of IgG autoantibodies to 16 cardiac specific proteins and their main immunogenic region B-epitopes, in the groups of already verified cardiac pathology: acute and chronic lymphocytic myocarditis, ...We analyzed profiles of IgG autoantibodies to 16 cardiac specific proteins and their main immunogenic region B-epitopes, in the groups of already verified cardiac pathology: acute and chronic lymphocytic myocarditis, ST elevation myocardial infarction, postinfarction remodeling of myocardium, dilated cardiomyopathy and in healthy controls along with patients, suffered from gastritis (to evaluate immune response against cross-reactive B-epitopes). AAB specific patterns allowed us to distinguish cases among themselves by means of multiparametrical canonical discriminant analysis in approximately 95% of cases. Positive predictive value in the group of MYO reached 95%, in the STEMI—89%, in the PIR—99%, in the DCM—99%, in the group of gastritis—88%. Principal component analysis of mentioned cardiac pathologies extended current clinical knowledge of their immunopathogenesis. Obtained data markedly proved a usability of serum AAB profiling for non invasive screening, differential diagnostics and working hypothesis composition.展开更多
Business Process Exeention Language (BPEL) is being used in various applications as the standard of workflow. As the requirerments increase to describe application processes in BPEL, BPEL documentt is getting more C...Business Process Exeention Language (BPEL) is being used in various applications as the standard of workflow. As the requirerments increase to describe application processes in BPEL, BPEL documentt is getting more Complplicated. Therefore it is difficult to describe applications in BPEL with high reliability. In order to write highly reliable BPEL document, it is necessary to check if the document is working correctly in accordance with user's intention. But it is difficult to carry out the test since BPEL engine doesn't provide a profiling function. In this paper, we suggest a BPEL system with a real-time profiling function. The suggested system consists of an integrated development environment and a BPEL nunning environment. BPEL integrated development environment has a BPEL to Java(B2J) engine, which generates and executes a Java workflow program from a BPEL document, and a converter, which converts Java Weaving XML (JWX) documents to Aspect-oriented programs. The new functions are described in JWX, which is Extensive Markup Lan-guage (XML)-based document. Since aspect-oriented programming technique provides the way to modularize main and supplemental requirements, it guarantees the low degree of coupling between BPEL workflow program and new functions by weaving them. Our approach can be extended to add other functions to provide context-aware services.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52005244,U20A20275)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China(Nos.2021JJ30573,2023JJ60193)the Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacture for Vehicle Body,China(No.31715011)。
文摘3D elastic-plastic FE model for simulating the force controlled stretch-bending process of double-cavity aluminum profile was established using hybrid explicit−implicit solvent method.Considering the computational accuracy and efficiency,the optimal choices of numerical parameters and algorithms in FE modelling were determined.The formation mechanisms of cross-section distortion and springback were revealed.The effects of pre-stretching,post-stretching,friction,and the addition of internal fillers on forming quality were investigated.The results show that the stress state of profile in stretch-bending is uniaxial with only a circumferential stress.The stress distribution along the length direction of profile is non-uniform and the maximum tensile stress is located at a certain distance away from the center of profile.As aluminum profile is gradually attached to bending die,the distribution characteristic of cross-section distortion along the length direction of profile changes from V-shape to W-shape.After unloading the forming tools,cross-section distortion decreases obviously due to the stress relaxation,with a maximum distortion difference of 13%before and after unloading.As pre-stretching and post-stretching forces increase,cross-section distortion increases gradually,while springback first decreases and then remains unchanged.With increasing friction between bending die and profile,cross-section distortion slightly decreases,while springback increases.Cross-section distortion decreases by 83%with adding PVC fillers into the cavities of profile,while springback increases by 192.2%.
基金Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Autonomous Topic Selection Project(No.ZZ2018017)Research Development Fund Project of the Medical Experimental Center of the Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.FZ2023003)。
文摘Objective: The effect of Chuanzhi Fang (ZGC) on the whole genome expression profile of RAW264.7 cells activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was analyzed, and to explore the possible mechanism of action and core target of this formula on macrophage inflammatory injury at the overall level. Methods: A model of LPS-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 cells was constructed, and the effect of ZGC intervention on the genome-wide expression of inflammatory macrophages 3was examined by gene microarray technology, GO/KEGG enrichment analysis was performed for significantly differentially expressed genes among each group. Results: The results of genome-wide expression profiling microarray analysis showed that the ZGC intervention group upregulated the expression of 5 genes including C4bp and inhibited the expression of 22 genes including Mgat3, Psma6, and Siglecg relative to the LPS model group. KEGG signaling pathway analysis results showed that ZGC mainly acted through cytokine receptor interaction and the C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway. Conclusion: ZGC can interfere with the abnormal expression of 27 genes in inflammatory macrophages, and the related genes may exert corresponding anti-inflammatory effects by affecting cytokine receptor interactions, C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway, and TLR4/ NF-κB signaling pathway.
文摘In a round-oval-round pass rolling sequence, the cross-section profile of an outgoing workpiece was predicted first after getting the maximum spread. The concept "critical point on the contact boundary" was proposed and the coordinates of the critical point were solved. The equivalent contact section area was represented and the mean roll radius was determined. The validity of this model was examined by alloy bar rolling experiment and rigid-plastic FEM simulation. Compared with the existing models, the mean roll radius obtained by this model is similar to experiment data.
文摘In order to evaluate the effects of soil depth on the contents of soil organic nitrogen,organic nitrogen forms in apple-pear orchard soil profile were quantified using the method proposed by Bremner in 1965.The results indicated that in addition to the amino sugar-N,all the soil organic N components within the same soil layer in wasteland were more than those in apple-pear orchard soil;with the layer depth increasing,the contents of different organic nitrogen forms in apple-pear orchard soil and wasteland were decreased;and the proportion of each organic N component within total hydrolysable N was different,and the percentages of ammonia N and amino acid-N components within total hydrolysable N were higher,especially the percentage of ammonia N components within total hydrolysable N was the highest.
基金Project(2012QNZT003)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,ChinaProject(2012M521542)supported by the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China+1 种基金Project(14JJ3014)supported by the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(BSh1202)supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Postdoctoral Scientific Research Foundation of China
文摘Arc erosion morphologies of Ag/MeO(10) electrical contact materials after 50000 operations under direct current of 19 V and 20 A and resistive load conditions were investigated using scanning electron microscope(SEM) and a 3D optical profiler(3DOP). The results indicated that 3DOP could supply clearer and more detailed arc erosion morphology information. Arc erosion resistance of Ag/SnO_2(10) electrical contact material was the best and that of Ag/CuO(10) was the worst. Arc erosion morphology of Ag/MeO(10) electrical contact materials mainly included three different types. Arc erosion morphologies of Ag/ZnO(10) and Ag/SnO_2(10) electrical contact materials were mainly liquid splash and evaporation, and those of Ag/CuO(10) and Ag/CdO(10) were mainly material transfer from anode to cathode. Arc erosion morphology of Ag/SnO_2(6)In_2O_3(4) electrical contact materials included both liquid splash, evaporation and material transfer. In addition, the formation process and mechanism on arc erosion morphology of Ag/MeO(10) electrical contact materials were discussed.
文摘The key technique of a kinetic energy rod(KER) warhead is to control the flight attitude of rods. The rods are usually designed to different shapes. A new conceptual KER named profiled rod which has large L/D ratio is described in this paper. The elastic dynamic equations of this profiled rod flying at high velocity after detonation are set up on the basis of Euler-Bernoulli beam, and the aeroelastic deformation of profiled rod is calculated by semi-analytical method for calculating the vibration characteristics of variable cross-section beam. In addition, the aeroelastic deformation of the undeformed profiled rod and the aeroelastic deformation of deformed profiled rod which is caused by the detonation of explosive are simulated by computational fluid dynamic and finite element method(CFD/FEM), respectively. A satisfactory agreement of these two methods is obtained by the comparison of two methods. The results show that the semi-analytical method for calculating the vibration characteristics of variable cross-section beam is applied to analyze the aeroelastic deformation of profiled rod flying at high velocity.
文摘Software reliability is defined as the probability of the failure-free operation of a software system for a specified period of time in a specified environment. Traditional approaches for software reliability analysis are black box approaches. These approaches use the software as a whole. At present, main emphasis of software is on reuse, hence component based software applications came into existence. Black box models are not appropriate for these applications. This paper introduces some significant factors for reliability estimation of Component Based Software Applications. Reliability of Component Based Software Application depends upon these factors. This paper?also gives the definition of factors and explains its relation with reliability of software application.
文摘This paper extends and generalizes the works of [1,2] to allow for cross-sectional dependence in the context of a two-way error components model and consequently develops LM test. The cross-sectional dependence follows the first order spatial autoregressive error (SAE) process and is imposed on the remainder disturbances. It is important to note that this paper does not consider alternative forms of spatial lag dependence other than SAE. It also does not allow for endogeneity of the regressors and requires the normality assumption to derive the LM test.
基金This work was supported by LASG, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciencesin 2000 and the National Science
文摘The sea-level pressure (SLP), 500 hPa height, zonal-mean 500 hPa height ([Z(500)]), stationary wave eddy component of the 500 hPa height (Z(500)*) and zonal-mean 500 hPa geostrophic wind [U-g] fields poleward of 20 degreesN are examined for the period 1958-1997, with emphasis on the winter season. The relationships between the Arctic Oscillation (AO)index and algebraic difference of the zonal-mean wind in 55 degreesN and 35 degreesN (Ut) index were investigated, making use the Monte Carlo procedure, Singular Value Decomposition (SVD), Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) and regression method. The leading modes of empirical orthogonal function (EOF's) of SLP are more robust than the 500 hPa height EOF's. not only in the ratio of the two largest eigenvalues, but in more zonally symmetric. Comparing the meridional profiles of zonal-mean wind amplitude associated with the AO and Ut index, the profiles for the two indexes are very similar, both with respect to amplitude and the placement of the maximum and minimum. Comparing the station wave component of 500 hPa height field regressed upon the AO and Ut index. there is one-to-one correspondence between all the major centers of action in the two maps, especially in the North Atlantic and Eurasian continent. The pattern is unlike the prominent teleconnection patterns, they have hemispheric extent and cannot be interpreted in term of the individual wavetrains.
基金partly financially supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(Grant No.20K05762)China Scholarship Council(Grant No.201806990031)。
文摘Ionomic profiles are primarily influenced by genetic and environmental factors.Identifying ionomic responses to varietal effects is necessary to understand the ionomic variations among species or subspecies and to potentially understand genetic effects on ionomic profiles.We cultivated 120 rice(Oryza sativa)varieties to seedling stage in identical hydroponic conditions and determined the concentrations of 26 elements(including 3 anions)in the shoots and roots of rice.Although the subspecies effects were limited by the genus Oryza pre-framework and its elemental chemical properties,we found significant differences in ionomic variations in most elements among the aus,indica and japonica subspecies.Principal component analysis of the correlations indicated that variations in the root-to-shoot ionomic transport mechanisms were the main causes of ionomic differences among the subspecies.Furthermore,the correlations were primarily associated with the screening of varieties for elemental covariation effects that can facilitate breeding biofortified rice varieties with safe concentrations of otherwise toxic elements.The japonica subspecies exhibited the strongest elemental correlations and elemental covariation effects,therefore,they showed greater advantages for biofortification than the indica and aus subspecies,whereas indica and aus subspecies were likely safer in metal(loid)polluted soils.We also found that geographical and historical distribution significantly defined the ionomic profiles.Overall,the results of this study provided a reference for further association studies to improve the nutritional status and minimize toxicity risks in rice production.
文摘We analyzed profiles of IgG autoantibodies to 16 cardiac specific proteins and their main immunogenic region B-epitopes, in the groups of already verified cardiac pathology: acute and chronic lymphocytic myocarditis, ST elevation myocardial infarction, postinfarction remodeling of myocardium, dilated cardiomyopathy and in healthy controls along with patients, suffered from gastritis (to evaluate immune response against cross-reactive B-epitopes). AAB specific patterns allowed us to distinguish cases among themselves by means of multiparametrical canonical discriminant analysis in approximately 95% of cases. Positive predictive value in the group of MYO reached 95%, in the STEMI—89%, in the PIR—99%, in the DCM—99%, in the group of gastritis—88%. Principal component analysis of mentioned cardiac pathologies extended current clinical knowledge of their immunopathogenesis. Obtained data markedly proved a usability of serum AAB profiling for non invasive screening, differential diagnostics and working hypothesis composition.
基金supported by MKE(The Ministry of Knowledge Economy),Koreathe ITRC support program supervised by the NIPA(NIPA-2009-(C1090-0902-0007))
文摘Business Process Exeention Language (BPEL) is being used in various applications as the standard of workflow. As the requirerments increase to describe application processes in BPEL, BPEL documentt is getting more Complplicated. Therefore it is difficult to describe applications in BPEL with high reliability. In order to write highly reliable BPEL document, it is necessary to check if the document is working correctly in accordance with user's intention. But it is difficult to carry out the test since BPEL engine doesn't provide a profiling function. In this paper, we suggest a BPEL system with a real-time profiling function. The suggested system consists of an integrated development environment and a BPEL nunning environment. BPEL integrated development environment has a BPEL to Java(B2J) engine, which generates and executes a Java workflow program from a BPEL document, and a converter, which converts Java Weaving XML (JWX) documents to Aspect-oriented programs. The new functions are described in JWX, which is Extensive Markup Lan-guage (XML)-based document. Since aspect-oriented programming technique provides the way to modularize main and supplemental requirements, it guarantees the low degree of coupling between BPEL workflow program and new functions by weaving them. Our approach can be extended to add other functions to provide context-aware services.