Detection of Progesterone Receptor as a Method of Diagnosing Mammary Cancer in Female Dogs

Introduction: Canine mammary gland tumor is the most common type of neoplasia in non-ovariectomized bitches. Approximately 50% of tumors are malignant. Neoplasms originating from the mammary gland represent the most common neoplastic disease in canines in Veterinary Medicine. Aim: Relate the expression of the receptor to progesterone (PR) with the tumor stage of canine mammary carcinoma. Material and Methods: Analytical-cross-sectional study, samples of paraffinized tumor tissue obtained from 30 canine patients with breast cancer were used. The expression of PR was performed by immunohistochemical labeling, using murine anti-PR (anti-PR Biocare brand). A descriptive analysis was carried out with the results using the SPSS program. Results: The predominant histological subtype of breast cancer was tubular carcinoma with 12 patients, followed by papillary cystic carcinoma with 6 patients, solid carcinoma 5, carcinosarcoma 4 and comedocarcinoma 3. There was a significant trend between breast cancer subtypes, histological grade G1. Among the histopathological findings, the degree of invasion is related to the presence of tumor cells in adjacent lymph nodes, which is why it is a prognostic indicator. The expression of PR in the tumor tissue samples it was 42.8% positive versus 57.14% negative, of which 75% correspond to G1, 8.3% to G2 and 16.6% to G3. With respect to the relationship of the expression of PR vs type of tumor, it was found that 50% correspond to tubular carcinoma, 33.3% to papillary cystic carcinoma, 8.3% to solid carcinoma and 8.3% to comedocarcinoma. Conclusion: The hormone receptor was negative in more than half of the patients and histological grade is significantly associated with tumor subtypes, this study emphasizes the need to introduce receptor testing into our routine clinical practice to offer the best treatment for breast cancer.

超声弹性成像联合血清E-cadherin和PGRMC1评估乳癌新辅助化疗疗效的价值

目的探讨超声弹性成像(UE)参数联合血清E-钙黏附蛋白(E-cadherin)、孕激素膜受体膜组分1(PGRMC1)评估乳癌新辅助化疗(NAC)疗效的价值。方法选取2019年3月—2022年3月我院收治的124例行4个周期NAC(每个周期21d)的乳癌病人,病人化疗前后均行UE检查。依据NAC后的病理检查结果将病人分为缓解组与未缓解组。采用酶联免疫吸附试验法检测血清E-cadherin、PGRMC1水平,通过受试者工作特征曲线下面积(AUC)评估UE、E-cadherin、PGRMC1三者单独及联合检测对乳癌病人NAC疗效的预测价值。结果NAC后UE结果与病理结果的Kappa系数为0.783(P<0.05)。与缓解组相比,未缓解组NAC后弹性应变率比值(SR)、弹力成像评分(UES)、E-cadherin、PGRMC1显著增加(t=2.571~14.073,P<0.05);未缓解组NAC后SR、UES、E-cadherin、PGRMC1降低幅度低于缓解组,差异有统计学意义(t=14.625~50.773,P<0.05)。SR、UES、E-cadherin、PGRMC1诊断乳癌病人NAC后缓解的AUC分别为0.795、0.701、0.764、0.814,E-cadherin与PGRMC1水平并联再与UE串联后联合诊断的AUC为0.903。结论UE参数联合血清E-cadherin、PGRMC1对乳癌NAC疗效具有较高的诊断效能。

基于pgrmc1调控的黄体酮抑制氧糖剥夺/复氧新生小鼠神经元损伤机制分析

目的 基于黄体酮膜受体组件1(pgrmc1)调控,探讨黄体酮抑制氧糖剥夺/复氧(OGD/R)新生小鼠神经元损伤的作用机制。方法 选用出生12 h内的新生小鼠分离原代皮层神经元细胞,体外培养7 d,利用微管相关蛋白2检测进行鉴定后,随机分为对照组、二甲基亚砜(DMSO)组、AG205组、黄体酮组、AG205+黄体酮组。DMSO组、AG205组、黄体酮组、AG205+黄体酮组加入制备好的缺糖D-Hanks液、置于缺氧培养箱中培养2 h,换为神经元生长培养基;DMSO组在造模前1 h给予DMSO预处理,AG205组和AG205+黄体酮组在造模前1 h给予AG205(pgrmc1拮抗剂)10μmol/L预处理,黄体酮组和AG205+黄体酮组于造模后2 h给予黄体酮20μmol/L。复氧24 h后,采用CCK-8法检测细胞活力,流式细胞术检测凋亡细胞。结果 DMSO组、AG205组细胞存活率低于对照组,AG205组低于DMSO组;黄体酮组、AG205+黄体酮组细胞存活率高于AG205组,黄体酮组高于AG205+黄体酮组(P均<0.05)。DMSO组、AG205组细胞凋亡率高于对照组,AG205组高于DMSO组,黄体酮组、AG205+黄体酮组细胞凋亡率低于AG205组(P均<0.05)。结论 黄体酮可抑制OGD/R新生小鼠神经元损伤,抑制pgrmc1可降低OGD/R神经元活力、增加细胞凋亡,黄体酮抑制OGD/R神经元损伤的作用可能与调控pgrmc1有关。

宫颈癌组织中ANXA8、PGRMC1和miR-92a表达水平及其与临床病理特征的关系

目的 探究宫颈癌患者癌组织中膜联蛋白A8(annexin A8, ANXA8)、孕激素受体膜组分1(progesterone receptor membrane component 1,PGRMC1)以及微小核糖核酸-92a(micro RNA-92a,mi R-92a)的表达及其与临床病理特征的关系。方法 收集2020年1月至2022年3月宜宾市第二人民医院接治的69例宫颈癌患者的宫颈癌和癌旁正常组织69例,采用免疫组织化学法检测ANXA8和PGRMC1阳性率,Western blot检测ANXA8和PGRMC1蛋白表达,RT-PCR法检测ANXA8和PGRMC1 m RNA以及mi R-92a表达水平。此外,分析ANXA8、PGRMC1与mi R-92a表达的线性相关性及其与宫颈癌患者临床病理特征的关系。结果 宫颈癌组织中ANXA8和PGRMC1阳性率(76.81%、72.46%)高于癌旁正常组织(4.35%、7.25%),mi R-92a表达量高于癌旁正常组织(P <0.05)。FIGO分期越高、分化程度越低以及具有淋巴结转移和宫旁浸润,ANXA8和PGRMC1阳性率以及mi R-92a表达量越高(P <0.05)。结论 ANXA8、PGRMC1和mi R-92a在宫颈癌组织中高表达,与宫颈癌肿瘤分期、分化程度、转移和浸润等病理特征有关,可为宫颈癌患者的病理学评估提供可靠依据。

Progesterone receptor membrane component 1 as a potential prognostic biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma

AIM To investigate the clinicopathological significance of progesterone receptor membrane component 1(PGRMC1) and PGRMC2 in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). METHODS We performed immunohistochemical staining to evaluate the estrogen receptor(ER), progesterone receptor(PR), PGRMC1, and PGRMC2 in a clinical cohort consisting of 89 paired HCC and non-tumor liver samples. We also analyzed HCC data(n = 373) from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA). We correlated the expression status of PGRMC1 and PGRMC2 with clinicopathological indicators and the clinical outcomes of the HCC patients. We knocked down or overexpressed PGRMC1 in HCC cell lines to evaluate its biological significance in HCC cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, and invasion. RESULTS We found that few HCC cases expressed ER(5.6%) and PR(4.5%). In contrast, most HCC cases expressed PGRMC1(89.9%) and PGRMC2(100%). PGRMC1 and PGRMC2 exhibited significantly lower expression in tumor tissue than in non-tumor tissue(P < 0.001). Lower PGRMC1 expression in HCC was significantly associated with higher serum alpha-fetoprotein expression(P = 0.004), poorer tumor differentiation(P = 0.045) and liver capsule penetration(P = 0.038). Low PGRMC1 expression was an independent predictor for worse disease-free survival(P = 0.002, HR = 2.384,CI: 1.377-4.128) in our cases, as well as in the TCGA cohort(P < 0.001, HR = 2.857, CI: 1.781-4.584). The expression of PGRMC2 did not relate to patient outcome. PGRMC1 knockdown promoted a poorly differentiated phenotype and proliferation of HCC cells in vitro, while PGRMC1 overexpression caused the opposite effects.CONCLUSION PGRMC1 is a non-classical hormonal receptor that negatively regulates hepatocarcinogenesis. PGRMC1 down-regulation is associated with progression of HCC and is a poor prognostic indicator.

PGRMC1在多囊卵巢综合征患者中的表达及其调控卵巢颗粒细胞凋亡和糖脂代谢的分子机制

目的:多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS)是育龄妇女最常见的内分泌疾病之一,常伴有高雄激素血症、胰岛素抵抗及排卵功能障碍。孕激素受体膜组分1(progesterone receptor membrane component 1,PGRMC1)可介导孕酮抑制卵巢颗粒细胞凋亡及卵泡生长,诱导卵巢颗粒细胞葡萄糖及脂质代谢紊乱,与PCOS发生和发展密切相关。本研究旨在通过检测PGRMC1在PCOS患者及非PCOS患者血清、卵巢组织、卵泡液和卵巢颗粒细胞中的表达,分析PGRMC1对PCOS诊断及预后评估的价值,并探讨其调控卵巢颗粒细胞凋亡及糖脂代谢分子机制。方法:纳入2021年8月至2022年3月就诊于广东省妇幼保健院(以下简称“我院”)妇产科门诊的患者123例,分为PCOS治疗前组(n=42)、PCOS治疗后组(n=36)、对照组(n=45),采用酶联免疫吸附试验(enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)检测其血清PGRMC1水平,并利用PGRMC1受试者操作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线判断PGRMC1对PCOS诊断、预后评估的临床价值。纳入2014年1月至2016年12月在我院妇产科行腹腔镜手术的患者60例,分为PCOS组和对照组(n=30),采用免疫组织化学染色检测卵巢组织中PGRMC1蛋白质的表达及分布情况。纳入2020年12月至2021年3月就诊于我院生殖医学中心的患者22例,分为PCOS组和对照组(n=11),采用ELISA检测卵泡液中PGRMC1水平;real-time RT-PCR检测卵巢颗粒细胞中PGRMC1 mRNA的表达水平。将人卵巢颗粒细胞系KGN细胞分为转染无干扰作用小干扰RNA(small interfering RNA,siRNA)的scrambled组和转染靶向抑制PGRMC1的特异性siRNA的siPGRMC1组,采用流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率,real-time RT-PCR检测PGRMC1、胰岛素受体(insulin receptor,INSR)、葡萄糖转运蛋白4(glucose transporter 4,GLUT4)、极低密度脂蛋白受体(very low density lipoprotein receptor,VLDLR)、低密度脂蛋白受体(low density lipoprotein receptor,LDLR)mRNA的表达水平。结果:PCOS治疗前组血清PGRMC1水平显著高于对照组(P<0.001),PCOS治疗后组血清PGRMC1水平显著低于PCOS治疗前组(P<0.001);PGRMC1用于PCOS诊断和预后评估的曲线下面积(area under curve,AUC)分别为0.932和0.893,最佳截断值分别为620.32和814.70 pg/mL。PGRMC1在卵巢颗粒细胞和卵巢间质细胞上均有表达,并在颗粒细胞上染色最深,PCOS患者卵巢组织及颗粒细胞PGRMC1平均光密度值均明显高于对照组(均P<0.05)。与对照组相比,PCOS组PGRMC1在卵巢颗粒细胞及卵泡液中表达水平显著上调(分别为P<0.001及P<0.01)。与scrambled组相比,siPGRMC1组卵巢颗粒细胞凋亡率显著增加(P<0.01),PGRMC1和INSR mRNA的表达水平均显著下调(分别为P<0.001和P<0.05),GLUT4、VLDLR、LDLR mRNA表达水平均显著上调(均P<0.05)。结论:PCOS患者血清PGRMC1水平升高,并在规范治疗后下降,PGRMC1可作为PCOS诊断及预后评估的分子标志物。PGRMC1主要定位于卵巢颗粒细胞,可能在调控卵巢颗粒细胞凋亡和糖脂代谢中起关键作用。

The Effect of GnRHa Induced Superovulation on Endometrial Morphology and Estrogen Receptor and Progesterone Receptor in Mouse

To evaluate the effect of GnRHa induced superovulation protocol on endometrial morphology and function. Material & Methods Forty ICR mice were randomly allocated into 4 groups, among them, 2 experimental groups were injected with GnRHa+HMG+hCG, another 2 groups were given saline of same volume as control group. The uterine tissues were investigated at 24 h and 48 h after administration (experimental group) or ovulation (control group).The endometrial thickness, the size of gland and glandular lumen, the total area of glandular cells, the average height of glandular epithelium were measured from routine histological slides using computerized image analysis. The SP immunohistochemistry techniques with monoclonal antibodies were employed to semi quantitatively analize the estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) in glandular cells. Results The endometrial thickness was not significantly different between experimental groups and control groups at 24 h and 48 h (P>0.05).The average area, perimeter, maximal diameter of single gland and glandular lumen, the total area, average height of glandular epithelium in experimental groups were significantly smaller than those of in control groups at equivalent time stages (all P<0.01). The asynchronous development of gland epithelium and stroma cells, namely, pesudostratified glandular epithelium and predecidual changes of stroma cells were seen at same time in experimental groups. The positive percentage (%) and expression intense of ER and PR in glandular epithelium cells were significantly lower in experimental groups than in control groups (P<0.05). Conclusion The protocol with GnRHa had a negative effect on endometrial histological structure and down regulated the express of ER and PR, suggesting that this protocol effect on the endometrial morphology and function and could not facilitate the formation of a physiologic endometrium completely, which may be one of the causes of low pregnancy rates.

Progesterone effects on the oligodendrocyte linage: all roads lead to the progesterone receptor

A new role has emerged for progesterone after discovering its potent actions away from reproduction in both the central and the peripheral nervous system. The aim of the present report is to discuss progesterone’s mechanisms of action involved in myelination, remyelination and neuroinflammation. The pivotal role of the classic progesterone receptor is described and evidence is compiled about progesterone’s direct effects on oligodendrocyte linage and its indirect effects on oligodendrocyte precursor cell differentiation by decreasing the neuroinflammatory environment.

Effects of coriaria lactone-activated,astrocyte-conditioned medium on estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor expression in rat cortical and hippocampal neurons

BACKGROUND： Coriaria lactone-activated astrocytes released bioactive substances that eventually caused epilepsy. OBJECTIVE： It has been suggested that activated astrocytes alter the expression of the estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor by releasing bioactive substances during epilepsy, thereby affecting neuronal activity in the brain. This study was designed to observe the expression of the estrogen receptor and the progesterone receptor in rat brain following lateral ventricle injection of coriaria lactone-activated, astrocyte-conditioned medium. DESIGN AND SETTING： This immunohistochemical, randomized, controlled, animal study was conducted at the Department of Pathology, Hospital Affiliated to Binzhou Medical College, China. MATERIAL： Coriaria lactone was provided by Huaxi Pharmaceutical Factory, China. METHODS： Forty adult, healthy, male, Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned into two groups. Astrocyte-conditioned medium （10 μ L） was injected into rat lateral ventricle in the control group （n = 8）. Coriaria lactone-activated, astrocyte-conditioned medium （10 μL） was infused into the rat lateral ventricle in the coriaria lactone group （n = 32）. At 2, 4, 8 and 12 hours following injection, rats were sacrificed and subjected to immunohistochemistry. Eight rats were studied at each time point. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Behavioral changes were observed in rats of both groups. Expression of the estrogen receptor and the progesterone receptor in rat cortical and hippocampal neurons was measured using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS： Four hours after injection, estrogen receptor levels in rat cortical and hippocampal neurons were significantly higher in the coriaria lactone group than in the control group （P 〈 0.05）. Progesterone receptor levels were significantly lower in the coriaria lactone group than in the control group （P 〈 0.05）. Seizures were not observed in the control group. In the coriaria lactone group, convulsions appeared 30 minutes after injection; seizures reached grade Ⅲ at 45 minutes rat behavior was nearly normal at 2 hours. CONCLUSION： Activated astrocytes can induce seizures in the rat by enhancing estrogen receptor expression and decreasing progesterone receptor expression in cerebral cortical and hippocampal neurons.

IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL STUDY OF ESTROGEN AND PROGESTERONE RECEPTOR IN THYROID TISSUES OF AUTOIMMUNE THYROID DISEASE

Estrogen receptor(ER) and progesterone receptor (PgR) in core-needle biopsied thyroidtissues of 30 cases of autoimmune thyroid disease and 2 cases of simple gotter were measured usingenzyme-linked histochemical technique. The results showed that the frequences of presence of ER inGraves' disease (GD) and Hashimoto's thyroditis(HT) were 50% (9/18) and 58. 3K (7/12) respectively ; and those of PgR were 11. 1 % (2/18) in GD, 16. 2% (2/7) in HT. Both ER and PgR werenegative in simple gotter. This study demonstrated that the content of ER in thyroid tissues of autoimmune thyroid disease was relatively high, suggesting that estrogen may play a role in the development of the disease.

Similarity between Spatial-temporal Expression Patterning of HOXAll and Progesterone Receptor in Human Endometrium

Objective To study HOXAll expression and its correlation with that of the progesterone receptor (PR) gene in human endometriumMethods In situ hybridization and semi-quantitative RT-PCR were used. Results HOXAll mRNA was detected in both stromal and glandular cells of normal endometrium by in situ hybridization. But the expression levels in the glandular cells had a dramatic decline or even disappearance at mid-secretory stage. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis, however, demonstrated that the total expression levels of HOXAll mRNA were markedly increased in the mid-secretory endometrium, which suggested that there was an increased expression in stromal cells. Similar results were obtained for PR gene expression in human endometrium by in situ hybridization and semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis.Conclusion HOXAll gene spatial and temporal expression patterns were similar to that of PR gene in endometrium across menstrual cycle, and HOXAll was closely related to the endometrial proliferation and differentiation during menstrual cycle, especially the establishment of receptive status in implantation.

Selective Expression of Progesterone Receptor in Malignant Melanoma Was Inversely Correlated with PCNA

To investigate the role of progesterone receptor （PR） expression in malignant melanoma （MM）, PR and proliferative cell nuclear antigen （PCNA） expression were immunohistochemistrically evaluated in a series of 35 specimens of MM, and the correlation between the immunohistochemistrical findings and clinicopathological data was also analyzed. PR expression was detected in 25.7% （9/35） of the patients with MM. No PR expression was observed in nevi. PR expression was inversely correlated with PCNA expression （r=-0.353, P=-0.026）. PR expression was slightly increased in females, subjects aged under 55 y, those with ulceration, non-acral subtype and diagnosis delay longer than 1 y, but the difference was not statistically significant. Selective expression of progesterone receptor in malignant melanoma might be correlated with inhibited tumor growth.

Neurofibromatosis type 2 gene mutation and progesterone receptor messenger RNA expression in the pathogenesis of sporadic orbitocranial meningioma

AIM: To investigate neurofibromatosis type 2(NF2) gene mutation at mRNA levels in sporadic orbitocranial meningioma and its association with progesterone receptor(PR) mR NA expression.METHODS: This was a case-control study. Thirty-four sporadic meningioma patients with no familial NF2-related meningioma history were recruited. They were interviewed for their obstetric, gynecologic, and contraception history. PR investigation was performed with real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR). NF2 mutation was investigated using Qbiomarker Somatic Mutation PCR Assay at NF2 mRNA level after its cDNA extraction(four mRNA mutation cytoband coordinates for nucleotide change: c.634 C>T/p.Q212, c.655 G>A/p.V219 M, c.784 C>T/p.R262 and c.1228 C>T/p. Q410). RESULTS: After mutation analysis at mRNA level, NF2 gene mutation was found in 35.29% patients. Non-mutation group was strongly associated with exogenous hormonal exposure(non-mutation vs mutation: 95.5% vs 83.3%, P<0.001). PR mR NA was found significantly lower in nonmutation group(P=0.033) which presumed as long term exogenous progesterone exposure. However, mutation group was associated with higher rate of progression to gradeⅡ(mutation vs non-mutation, 18.2% vs 5%, P<0.001) and was associated more in fibrous and anaplastic tumor tissue.CONCLUSION: NF2 mutation-meningioma is associated with higher grade of meningioma. Non NF2 mutationmeningioma is strongly associated with exogenous progesterone exposure and lower PR expression.

Effects of Mifepristone Compound on the Receptors of Estrogen and Progesterone in Early Pregnancy Deciduas

To examine the effect of mifepristone compound (mifepristone + anor- drin) on estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) in early pregnancy decidua. Materials & Methods A Controlled study was carried out among 60 normal early pregnant volunteers (≤49d) in the department of obstetric and gynecology of Peking Union Medical Hospital. The concentrations of ER and PR were measured by radio- ligand and were compared with the control subjects after oral administration of mifepristone or mifepristone compound in different doses. Results The concentration of PR decreased while that of ER increased significantly in the decidua from all subjects administrated with mifepristone compound. We also found the concentration of EcR in Group 5 (mifepristone 30 mg + AF-53 5 mg) was the highest among 6 groups. The compound may be in favor of estrogen's action on endometrium. Conclusion The results indicate that mifepristone compound with AF- 53 has a coordi- nated function and can change the proportion of PR and ER. Hence, it can facilitate abortion. The compound dose of mifepristone 30 mg + AF-53 5mg is in favor of the endometrium recovering.

Clinical Significance of Estrogen and Progesterone Receptors Assays in Pancreatic Carcinoma

Cyochemical methods for demonstrating estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PgR)within pancreas-cancer cells showed positive reation of ER or/and PgR in 4 out of 8 pancreatic carcinomas.This result suggested that sex hormone might be closely linked to pancreatic cancer.Pancreatic carcinoma could be considered a hormoneresponsive-neoplasm. The hormone migh be a cause influencing the growth of pancreatic carcinoma in association with receptors described. Endocrine therapy would be a treatment of choice for pancreatic carcinoma.

STUDY OF ESTROGEN RECEPTOR AND PROGESTERONE RECEPTOR IN SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA TISSUE OF ORAL MUCOSA

By means of the enzyme linked affinity histothemical method, 45 cases of squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) of the oral mucosa and 15 cases of the approximately normal oral mucosal tissue were detected for estrogen receptor(ER) and progesterone receptor(PR). The results indicated that In the SCC tissue of the oral mucosa there were 5 cases of ER+ and PR- and 32 cases of both ER+ and PR+. Thirty-seven cases, the summation of the above two items, were considered as receptor(+),therefore the rate of the receptor(+) being 82.22%. ER+ and PR+ were cd related to the sex and age of patients, the neck lymph nodes' metastasizing or not and affected parts of the tumor, while they were related to the differentiation degree of the tumor. The rate of receptor(+) decreased with the decrease of the differentiation degree of the tumor. By X2 test a remarkable difference between grade Ⅰand grade Ⅲ of SCC of the oral mucosa was shown. It is suggested that SCC of the oral mucosa may probobly be hormone dependent tumor. The authors consider that the SCC detection for ER and PR could not only be one of the indices of biologic characteristics for that tumor but also as bases of anti-hormone treatment.

Expression of Progesterone and Estrogen Receptors in Human Renal Cell Carcinoma

Progesterone receptor(PR) and estrogen receptor(ER) were investigated in 29 specimens of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and its autologous kidneys, 12 samples of control kidnerys with high sensitive and specific enzymelabelled histochemical techniques. The positive expression rates of PR in RCC, its autologous kidneys and control kidneys were 31.0%, 82.8% and 83.3% respectively, while the positive expression rates of ER of those tissues were 58.6%, 79.3% and 83.3%, respectively. It showed that the positive rate and the value of PR and ER in RCC were significantly less than those determined in the autologous kidneys and normal tissues(P<0.05) and no significant differences of PR and ER were found between autologous and normal kidneys(P>0.05). The level and positive rate of PR in stage Ⅰ were higher than those in stage Ⅱ to Ⅳ of RCC tissues (P<0.05). There was no relationship between the status of PR, ER and patient sex(P>0.05). Expression of PR in RCC had correlation to Robson stage closely. The positive rate of PR may be treated as a prognostic factor because it decreased as the stage rose. Our result provided an experimental basis for the application of hormonal therapy in RCC and emphasized that patients who may be benefited from hormonal therapy must have sufficient hormone receptors.

The effect of Chinese herbal medicine“heche assisted pregnancy recipe”on endometrial estrogen and progesterone receptor,proliferating cell nuclear antigen and vascular endothelial growth factor in the patients with infertility

Objectives:To investigate the effect of Chinese herbal medicine"heche assisted preg-nancy recipe (HCAPR)" on estrogen receptor(ER), progesterone receptor (PR), pro-lifierating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)in endometrium of infertile women.Methods: The S-P immunohistochemical assay was used to observe expression ofER, PR , PCNA and VEGF in late proliferative phase before and after the HCAPR treat-ment.Results: After the treatment, the expression of ER,PR,PCNA and VEGF in nucleiof glandular epithelium and stromal cells was significantly stronger (all P＜0. 001) re-spectively than that before treatment , especially the expression of PCNA and VEGF.Conclusions: These results suggest that traditional Chinese medicine HCAPR oftonifying kidney and regulating menstruation increased the synthesis of ER,PR, PCNAand VEGF, which may promote normal growth and development of the endometrium ,improve the micro-environment of the endometrium, and enhance uterine receptivity.The evidence may provide theoretical basis for therapy infertility with Chinese herbalmedicine.

Estrogen and progesterone receptor isoforms expression in the stomach of Mongolian gerbils

AIM: We studied the estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) isoforms expression in gastric antrum and corpus of female gerbils and their regulation by estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4). METHODS: Ovariectomized adult female gerbils were subcutaneously treated with E2, and E2 + P4. Uteri and stomachs were removed, the latter were cut along the greater curvature, and antrum and corpus were excised. Proteins were immunoblotted using antibodies that recognize ER-alpha, ER-beta, and PR-A and PR-B receptor isoforms. Tissues from rats treated in the same way were used as controls. RESULTS: Specific bands were detected for ER-alpha (68 KDa), and PR isoforms (85 and 120 KDa for PR-A and PR-B isoforms, respectively) in uteri, gastric antrum and corpus. We could not detect ER-beta isoform. PR isoforms were not regulated by E2 or P4 in uterus and gastric tissues of gerbils. ER-alpha isoform content was significantly down-regulated by E2 in the corpus, but not affected by hormones in uterus and gastric antrum. CONCLUSION: The presence of ER-alpha and PR isoforms in gerbils stomach suggests that E2 and P4 actions in this organ are in part mediated by their nuclear receptors.

Effect of Mifepristone and Anordrin Compound on Levels of Estrogen and Progesterone Receptor mRNAs in Human Decidua of Early Pregnancy

To provide the theoretical fundation for the further clinical application of mifepristone and anordrin compound. Materials & Methods Ribonuclease protection assay was used for the detection and quantitation of estrogen and progesterone receptor mRNAs in human decidua from the termination of early pregnancy.Three groups, each of which had 6～8 cases, were studied. Results Compared to the normal control group, estrogen and progesterone receptor mRNAs increased significantly (P<0.05) in the mifepristone group, whereas the changes in the group administrated mifepristone compound which contains anordrin were not obvious. Conclusions The result suggests that with the similar clinical effect, mifepristone compound has less side effect on the patients, thus being more suitable for the anti early pregnancy drug.