A Feasibility Study of an Individualized Voiding Program in Japan to Improve the Sense of Control in Older People with Functional Urinary Incontinence

Purpose: This study intended to assess the feasibility of an individualized voiding program in Japan aimed at improving the sense of micturition control in older people with functional urinary incontinence. Method: Following the interview guide, FGIs were conducted in two groups (4 - 6 participants) consisting of nurses and care workers with more than 5 years of experience as practitioners of urination care. Data were analyzed using a qualitative descriptive approach. Results: We determined that the program purpose is to “enable caregivers to work as a well-coordinated team to humanely facilitate excretion independence in older people, which is essential for living with dignity”, as this confirmed the importance of maintaining the sense of micturition control in older people for their well-being. In the program outline, we extracted the following five categories: 1) setting selection criteria for recipients considering the status of micturition induction, 2) careful collection of information and assessment of lower urinary tract symptoms in older people in case of environmental changes, 3) examination of methods used for assessing lower urinary tract symptoms according to the facility environment, 4) confirmation of the recipient’s micturition habits and request for assistance, and 5) conducting necessary examination for setting the intervention period and evaluation period according to the target condition. The feedback on the program guide was summarized in the statement—specific successful cases help frame and implement the micturition induction plan. Conclusion: We confirmed the feasibility of the micturition induction plan for improving the sense of control in older people with functional urinary incontinence. Upon evaluating the program guide, we deemed that referring to specific successful cases helps frame and implement the micturition induction plan. It is extremely important to verify the effectiveness of the program going forward.

Modified Filled Function to Solve NonlinearProgramming Problem

Filled function method is an approach to find the global minimum of nonlinear functions. Many Problems, such as computing,communication control, and management, in real applications naturally result in global optimization formulations in a form ofnonlinear global integer programming. This paper gives a modified filled function method to solve the nonlinear global integerprogramming problem. The properties of the proposed modified filled function are also discussed in this paper. The results ofpreliminary numerical experiments are also reported.

Max-plus-linear model-based predictive control for constrained hybrid systems: linear programming solution

In this paper, a linear programming method is proposed to solve model predictive control for a class of hybrid systems. Firstly, using the （max, ＋） algebra, a typical subclass of hybrid systems called max-plus-linear （MPL） systems is obtained. And then, model predictive control （MPC） framework is extended to MPL systems. In general, the nonlinear optimization approach or extended linear complementarity problem （ELCP） were applied to solve the MPL-MPC optimization problem. A new optimization method based on canonical forms for max-min-plus-scaling （MMPS） functions （using the operations maximization, minimization, addition and scalar multiplication） with linear constraints on the inputs is presented. The proposed approach consists in solving several linear programming problems and is more efficient than nonlinear optimization. The validity of the algorithm is illustrated by an example.

SEQUENTIAL QUADRATIC PROGRAMMING METHODS FOR OPTIMAL CONTROL PROBLEMS WITH STATE CONSTRAINTS

A kind of direct methods is presented for the solution of optimal control problems with state constraints. These methods are sequential quadratic programming methods. At every iteration a quadratic programming which is obtained by quadratic approximation to Lagrangian function and linear approximations to constraints is solved to get a search direction for a merit function. The merit function is formulated by augmenting the Lagrangian function with a penalty term. A line search is carried out along the search direction to determine a step length such that the merit function is decreased. The methods presented in this paper include continuous sequential quadratic programming methods and discreate sequential quadratic programming methods.

Duality for a Control Problem Involving Support Functions

Mond-Weir type duality for control problem with support functions is investigated under generalized convexity conditions. Special cases are derived. A relationship between our results and those of nonlinear programming problem containing support functions is outlined.

On a Control Problem Containing Support Functions

A control problem containing support functions in the integrand of the objective of the functional as well as in the inequality constraint function is considered. For this problem, Fritz John and Karush-Kuhn-Tucker type necessary optimality conditions are derived. Using Karush-Kuhn-Tucker type optimality conditions, Wolfe type dual is formulated and usual duality theorems are established under generalized convexity conditions. Special cases are generated. It is also shown that our duality results have linkage with those of nonlinear programming problems involving support functions.

Approach to evaluating exception handling of programs

To solve the problems that the exception handling code is hard to test and maintain and that it affects the robustness and reliability of software, a method for evaluating the exception handling of programs is presented. The exception propagation graph （EPG） that describes the large programs with exception handling constructs is proposed by simplifying the control flow graph and it is applied to a case to verify its validity. According to the EPG, the exception handling code that never executes is identified; the points that are the most critical to controlling exception propagation are found; and the irrational exception handling code is corrected. The constructing algorithm for the EPG is given; thus, this provides a basis for automatically constructing the EPG and automatically correcting the irrational exception handling code.

A comparison of piecewise cubic Hermite interpolating polynomials,cubic splines and piecewise linear functions for the approximation of projectile aerodynamics

Modelling and simulation of projectile flight is at the core of ballistic computer software and is essential to the study of performance of rifles and projectiles in various engagement conditions.An effective and representative numerical model of projectile flight requires a relatively good approximation of the aerodynamics.The aerodynamic coefficients of the projectile model should be described as a series of piecewise polynomial functions of the Mach number that ideally meet the following conditions:they are continuous,differentiable at least once,and have a relatively low degree.The paper provides the steps needed to generate such piecewise polynomial functions using readily available tools,and then compares Piecewise Cubic Hermite Interpolating Polynomial(PCHIP),cubic splines,and piecewise linear functions,and their variant,as potential curve fitting methods to approximate the aerodynamics of a generic small arms projectile.A key contribution of the paper is the application of PCHIP to the approximation of projectile aerodynamics,and its evaluation against a set of criteria.Finally,the paper provides a baseline assessment of the impact of the polynomial functions on flight trajectory predictions obtained with 6-degree-of-freedom simulations of a generic projectile.

Measurement and control system for servo pressure pulse testing equipment

Servo pressure pulse testing equipment uses servo-hydraulic technology to build the model of hydraulic system. By improving measurement and control system, the equipment accomplishes signal acquisition, data processing and process con- trol. LabVIEW and programmable logic controller （PLC） are used to carry out the hardware configuration and software de- velopment. The system can communicate between LabVIEW and PLC by virtual instrumentation software architecture （VI- SA） and run automatically in accordance with setting commands. Therefore, accuracy and performance of the equipment are improved.

Key technologies for the novel distributed numerical control integrated system

A novel distributed numerical control (DNC) integrated system based on plug-in software technology is proposed. It connects new or old numerical control (NC) machine tools which have inhomogeneous numerical control systems with CAD/CAM system by CANbus network. A DNC computer is able to control 15 sets of NC machine tools reliably at the same time. The novel DNC system increases the efficiency of machine tools and improve the production management level by realizing non-paper production, agile manufacturing, networked manufacturing and so on in the near future. Key technologies to construct the novel DNC integrated system include the integration of inhomogeneous numerical control systems, NC program restart, and algorithm for communication competition. Such system has demonstrated successful applications in some corporations that have acquired good economic benefits and social effects.

Optimal Budget Spending for Software Testing under the Condition of Nonlinear Constraint

Software testing is a very important phase of the software development process. It is a very difficult job for a software manager to allocate optimally the financial budget to a software project during testing. In this paper the problem of optimal allocation of the software testing cost is studied. There exist several models focused on the development of software costs measuring the number of software errors remaining in the software during testing. The purpose of this paper is to use these models to formulate the optimization problems of resource allocation: Minimization of the total number of software errors remaining in the system. On the assumption that a software project consists of some independent modules, the presented approach extends previous work by defining new goal functions and extending the primary assumption and precondition.

Operation Control of a High-resolution Plasma Imaging System in KT5D Torus

This paper describes the control software together with the operational hardware, which successfully realizes the operation of a new fully programmable imaging system with high spatial and temporal resolutions on the KT5D magnetic torus, for observing the visible l ight emission from the plasma discharge.

Research and Development of Condensate Water Fined Processing Control System Based on FCS

This paper briefly states the features and advantages of FCS （fieldbus control system）. In view of condensate water fined processing system of domestic 600 MW supercritical coal-fired generating units, it designed and developed a FCS for entirely process control, designed computer monitoring software and organized network monitor the change of data. At the same time, making the simulation device of the system, the FCS control system scheme is implemented on this device. It is verified by practice that the system control technology is advanced, safe, reliable and operation well. It provides a complete project for automation technology upgrade program in power plant. In addition, this device can be used in the power industry technical personnel training and teaching of colleges and universities. It is worth promotion and reference.

具有时变输出约束的非线性多智能体系统自适应最优包含控制

本文对具有时变输出约束和未建模动态的不确定严格反馈非线性多智能体系统,提出了一种最优包含控制方法.利用一种新型积分型障碍Lyapunov函数处理输出约束,利用动态信号处理未建模动态,利用动态面控制方法设计前馈控制器,结合自适应动态规划和积分强化学习方法设计最优反馈控制器,利用神经网络在线逼近相应代价函数,并设计权重更新律.理论分析证明了所有跟随者的输出收敛到领导者生成的凸包中,全部跟随者组成的闭环系统是半全局一致最终有界的,同时,跟随者的输出保持在给定的约束集中,代价函数达到最小.仿真结果验证了所提出方法的有效性.

基于控制障碍函数的受限非线性系统安全控制研究进展

控制障碍函数能有效兼顾控制目标和安全性,成为当前研究热点之一。首先,基于非线性控制系统的复杂性介绍了一相对阶和高相对阶控制障碍函数的构造方法及其理论成果,通过各类控制障碍函数可将安全约束转化为集合前向不变性以实现系统安全控制。其次,从不同控制目标下优化问题的求解角度对基于控制障碍函数的非线性系统安全控制进行了总结。最后,基于控制障碍函数方法的可扩展性、强实时性和强鲁棒性等优点,展望了控制障碍函数方法在非线性系统安全控制领域的应用前景。

一种模拟低/微重力新型啮齿类动物悬吊自动控制装置

针对模拟低重力环境啮齿类动物部分承重模型的建立过程,因人为因素的干扰易导致测量结果精度不足的问题,设计了一种模拟低/微重力环境的啮齿类动物悬吊自动控制装置。首先,采用SBT440压力传感器模块实现啮齿类动物重力值的自动测量;然后,采用基于STM32单片机控制步进装置实现啮齿类动物悬吊高度的自动调节;最后,使用JAVA语言编写STM32单片机软件控制程序,通过软硬件综合调试以实现模拟低/微重力环境,以此达到啮齿类动物部分承重模型的建立。实验结果表明:啮齿类动物1/6 G平均测量误差为0.8%,初步验证了悬吊装置的可行性。

基于5G软件定义网络的变电站巡检智能控制系统设计

为减少变电站巡检机器人远程控制的位置偏差和网络时延,实现高效智能控制,设计基于5G软件定义网络的变电站巡检智能控制系统。设计系统结构,基于5G软件定义网络实时监控变电站运行情况;设计系统硬件分为微处理器模块、电机驱动模块、通信模块;通信模块使用基于免疫计算的5G软件定义网络功能部署优化算法,完成网络功能部署优化,实现变电站巡检智能控制系统程序设计。实验结果表明:在设计系统控制下,变电站巡检机器人的驱动路径与路标路径十分接近,轨迹形状一致,位置偏差控制在200 mm之内,航向偏差最大值控制在-50°,平均网络时延偏差最大值是0.1 s,减少了远程控制的位置偏差和网络时延,可满足巡检机器人高效智能控制应用需求。

Multisim仿真技术在PLC教学中的应用

为打破PLC实验室建设的各项限制,提升PLC课程教学效果,拓宽PLC实验教学内容,提高学生的实践动手能力和创新能力,将Multisim仿真技术应用到PLC教学中。利用Multisim开发虚实结合的PLC实验教学平台,并在此基础上构建了虚实结合的创新型教学体系,探索了Multisim在PLC教学中的应用。教学平台的开发与实施得到了学生的好评,为PLC的实验教学开辟了一种新的路径。

具有未知参数的拉格朗日系统的安全跟踪控制

针对具有未知参数的拉格朗日系统,研究了安全跟踪控制问题。首先采用backstepping方法,设计跟踪控制器用于解决系统的轨迹跟踪问题。其次构造了自适应控制障碍函数,通过该函数得到的安全控制器确保系统状态远离安全集的边界。然后结合所提出的跟踪控制器以及自适应控制障碍函数约束产生了二次规划,基于二次规划设计安全跟踪控制器,使得系统安全的同时尽可能地跟踪到参考信号。最后仿真结果验证了所提出方法的有效性。

基于Matlab线性规划二次优化在钢筋下料中的应用

以西渝高铁某钢筋加工厂钢筋下料为背景,提出一种通过两次优化过程建立方案组合筛选和方案组合优化的一维线性规划模型,使复杂的优化数学理论问题变得直观易懂。该方法通过算例,利用计算机辅助计算软件Matlab,将上述数学模型应用于施工现场,提高钢筋下料计算效率和自动化程度,提升了材料的利用率,从而达到节约成本的目的,具有很强的实用性。