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Programmable Logic Controller Block Monitoring System for Memory Attack Defense in Industrial Control Systems
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作者 Mingyu Lee Jiho Shin Jung Taek Seo 《Computers, Materials & Continua》 SCIE EI 2023年第11期2427-2442,共16页
Cyberattacks targeting industrial control systems(ICS)are becoming more sophisticated and advanced than in the past.A programmable logic controller(PLC),a core component of ICS,controls and monitors sensors and actuat... Cyberattacks targeting industrial control systems(ICS)are becoming more sophisticated and advanced than in the past.A programmable logic controller(PLC),a core component of ICS,controls and monitors sensors and actuators in the field.However,PLC has memory attack threats such as program injection and manipulation,which has long been a major target for attackers,and it is important to detect these attacks for ICS security.To detect PLC memory attacks,a security system is required to acquire and monitor PLC memory directly.In addition,the performance impact of the security system on the PLC makes it difficult to apply to the ICS.To address these challenges,this paper proposes a system to detect PLC memory attacks by continuously acquiring and monitoring PLC memory.The proposed system detects PLC memory attacks by acquiring the program blocks and block information directly from the same layer as the PLC and then comparing them in bytes with previous data.Experiments with Siemens S7-300 and S7-400 PLC were conducted to evaluate the PLC memory detection performance and performance impact on PLC.The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed system detects all malicious organization block(OB)injection and data block(DB)manipulation,and the increment of PLC cycle time,the impact on PLC performance,was less than 1 ms.The proposed system detects PLC memory attacks with a simpler detection method than earlier studies.Furthermore,the proposed system can be applied to ICS with a small performance impact on PLC. 展开更多
关键词 programmable logic controller industrial control system attack detection
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Digital signal acquisition system for complex nuclear reaction experiments
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作者 Wei-Liang Pu Yan-Lin Ye +1 位作者 Jian-Ling Lou Jia-Hao Chen 《Nuclear Science and Techniques》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第1期124-133,共10页
A digital data-acquisition system based on XIA LLC products was used in a complex nuclear reaction experiment using radioactive ion beams.A flexible trigger system based on a field-programmable gate array(FPGA)paramet... A digital data-acquisition system based on XIA LLC products was used in a complex nuclear reaction experiment using radioactive ion beams.A flexible trigger system based on a field-programmable gate array(FPGA)parametrization was developed to adapt to different experimental sizes.A user-friendly interface was implemented,which allows converting script language expressions into FPGA internal control parameters.The proposed digital system can be combined with a conventional analog data acquisition system to provide more flexibility.The performance of the combined system was veri-fied using experimental data. 展开更多
关键词 Digital signal acquisition system TRIGGER programmable logic TIMESTAMP
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Programmable Logic Based on Large Magnetoresistance of Germanium 被引量:1
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作者 陈娇娇 朴红光 +2 位作者 罗昭初 熊成悦 章晓中 《Chinese Physics Letters》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2016年第4期121-125,共5页
We find extremely large low-magnetic-field magnetoresistance (~350% at 0.2 T and ~180% at 0.1 T) in germa- nium at room temperature and the magnetoresistanee is highly sensitive to the surface roughness. This unique... We find extremely large low-magnetic-field magnetoresistance (~350% at 0.2 T and ~180% at 0.1 T) in germa- nium at room temperature and the magnetoresistanee is highly sensitive to the surface roughness. This unique magnetoelectric property is applied to fabricate logic architecture which could perform basic Boolean logic in- cluding AND, OR, NOR and NAND. Our logic device may pave the way for a high performance microprocessor and may make the germanium family more advanced. 展开更多
关键词 of programmable Logic Based on Large Magnetoresistance of Germanium INSB for in NAND IS on
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A NEW APPROACH TO PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC ARRAY FOR SINGLE-CLOCK CMOS
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作者 Yin Yongsheng Liu Cong Gao Minglun 《Journal of Electronics(China)》 2006年第1期157-160,共4页
Programmable Logic Array (PLA) is an important building circuit of VLSI chips and some of the FPGA architectures have evolved from the basic PLA architectures. In this letter, a dynamic and static mixed PLA with singl... Programmable Logic Array (PLA) is an important building circuit of VLSI chips and some of the FPGA architectures have evolved from the basic PLA architectures. In this letter, a dynamic and static mixed PLA with single-phased clock is presented. Combining both dynamic and static design style rather than introducing additional interface-buffers overcomes the racing problem, thereby saves the chip area. Besides inheriting the advantages of dynamic circuit-low power dissipation and compact structure, this approach also provides high-speed operation. 展开更多
关键词 programmable logic array Single clock Dynamic STATIC Mixed circuit
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Real Time Control System for Metro Railways Using PLC & SCADA
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作者 Ishu Tomar Indu Sreedevi Neeta Pandey 《Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing》 SCIE 2023年第2期1403-1421,共19页
This paper proposes to adopt SCADA and PLC technology for the improvement of the performance of real time signaling&train control systems in metro railways.The main concern of this paper is to minimize the failure... This paper proposes to adopt SCADA and PLC technology for the improvement of the performance of real time signaling&train control systems in metro railways.The main concern of this paper is to minimize the failure in automated metro railways system operator and integrate the information coming from Operational Control Centre(OCC),traction SCADA system,traction power control,and power supply system.This work presents a simulated prototype of an automated metro train system operator that uses PLC and SCADA for the real time monitoring and control of the metro railway systems.Here,SCADA is used for the visualization of an automated process operation and then the whole opera-tion is regulated with the help of PLC.The PLC used in this process is OMRON(NX1P2-9024DT1)and OMRON’s Sysmac studio programming software is used for developing the ladder logic of PLC.The metro railways system has deployed infrastructure based on SCADA from the power supply system,and each station’s traction power control is connected to the OCC remotely which commands all of the stations and has the highest command priority.An alarm is triggered in the event of an emergency or system congestion.This proposed system overcomes the drawbacks of the current centralized automatic train control(CATC)system.This system provides prominent benefits like augmenting services which may enhance a network’s full load capacity and networkflexibility,which help in easy modification in the existing program at any time. 展开更多
关键词 Train control system AUTOMATION PLC(programmable logic controller) SCADA(supervisory control and data acquisition)
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Design and verification of an FPGA programmable logic element based on Sense-Switch pFLASH
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作者 Zhengzhou CAO Guozhu LIU +2 位作者 Yanfei ZHANG Yueer SHAN Yuting XU 《Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering》 SCIE EI CSCD 2024年第4期485-499,共15页
This paper proposes a kind of programmable logic element(PLE)based on Sense-Switch pFLASH technology.By programming Sense-Switch pFLASH,all three-bit look-up table(LUT3)functions,partial four-bit look-up table(LUT4)fu... This paper proposes a kind of programmable logic element(PLE)based on Sense-Switch pFLASH technology.By programming Sense-Switch pFLASH,all three-bit look-up table(LUT3)functions,partial four-bit look-up table(LUT4)functions,latch functions,and d flip flop(DFF)with enable and reset functions can be realized.Because PLE uses a choice of operational logic(COOL)approach for the operation of logic functions,it allows any logic circuit to be implemented at any ratio of combinatorial logic to register.This intrinsic property makes it close to the basic application specific integrated circuit(ASIC)cell in terms of fine granularity,thus allowing ASIC-like cell-based mappers to apply all their optimization potential.By measuring Sense-Switch pFLASH and PLE circuits,the results show that the“on”state driving current of the Sense-Switch pFLASH is about 245.52μA,and that the“off”state leakage current is about 0.1 pA.The programmable function of PLE works normally.The delay of the typical combinatorial logic operation AND3 is 0.69 ns,and the delay of the sequential logic operation DFF is 0.65 ns,both of which meet the requirements of the design technical index. 展开更多
关键词 Field programmable gate array(FPGA) programmable logic element(PLE) Boolean logic operation Look-up table Sense-Switch pFLASH Threshold voltage
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Design and Implementation of an FDP Chip 被引量:1
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作者 陈利光 王亚斌 +11 位作者 吴芳 来金梅 童家榕 张火文 屠睿 王建 王元 申秋实 余慧 黄均鼐 卢海舟 潘光华 《Journal of Semiconductors》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2008年第4期713-718,共6页
A novel Fudan programmable logic chip (FDP) was designed and implemented with a SMIC 0. 18μm CMOS logic process. The new 3-LUT based logic cell circuit increases logic density about 11% compared with a traditional ... A novel Fudan programmable logic chip (FDP) was designed and implemented with a SMIC 0. 18μm CMOS logic process. The new 3-LUT based logic cell circuit increases logic density about 11% compared with a traditional 4-input LUT. The unique hierarchy routing fabrics and effective switch box optimize the routing wire segments and make it possible for different lengths to connect directly. The FDP contains 1,600 programmable logic cells, 160 programmable I/O, and 16kbit dual port block RAM. Its die size is 6. 104mm× 6. 620mm, with the package of QFP208. The hardware and software cooperation tests indicate that FDP chip works correctly and efficiently. 展开更多
关键词 FPGA programmable logic block programmable routing resource switch box
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Test system for miniature pulse-powered photoelectric invert switch based on CPLD
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作者 王欢 唐波 李祖博 《Journal of Measurement Science and Instrumentation》 CAS CSCD 2015年第1期36-40,共5页
For electronic piezo gauge used for testing gun chamber pressure, its internal miniature pulse-powered photoelectric invert switch cannot often be powered up normally. To solve this problem, a test system for invert s... For electronic piezo gauge used for testing gun chamber pressure, its internal miniature pulse-powered photoelectric invert switch cannot often be powered up normally. To solve this problem, a test system for invert switch is presented to verify the reliability of the invert switch. The test system uses complex programmable logic device (CPLD) to control data acquisition of A/D converter and data storage of external flash memory, and then transmits the acquired data to a computer for data analysis and processing. The test system can provide the required sampling frequency of the signal in high temperature, normal temperature and low temperature environments, and the reliability of the invert switch can be verified according to the signal parameters. The results show that the test system has high precision and the tested invert switch has low power consumption and high reliability. 展开更多
关键词 invert switch storage measurement technology complex programmable logic device (CPLD) test system
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Design of PLC control system of RTG spreader in Qingdao Port Container Terminal
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作者 王毅 朱德平 于晓良 《Journal of Measurement Science and Instrumentation》 CAS 2014年第1期61-65,共5页
The control method of rubber tyre gantry (RTG) spreader in Qingdao Port Container Terminal is logic board control,which has many shortcomings such as expensive spare parts and high faults.This paper designs a new co... The control method of rubber tyre gantry (RTG) spreader in Qingdao Port Container Terminal is logic board control,which has many shortcomings such as expensive spare parts and high faults.This paper designs a new control system using programmable logic controller (PLC) centralized control to replace the original logic board control.The new system mainly contains complete ELME spreader control scheme design,hardware selection and PLC control program development.Its field application shows that the system has characteristics of high efficiency,low running cost,easy maintenance. 展开更多
关键词 rubber tyre gantry (RTG) SPREADER circuit board programmable logic controller (PLC)
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The Knee Wear Prediction of UHMWPE Tibial Insert Using VIPRO Platform
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作者 Lucian Capitanu Luige Vladareanu Virgil Florescu 《Journal of Mechanics Engineering and Automation》 2015年第11期591-600,共10页
The failure mechanism was postulated as a combination of the high level of loading during normal activities and a non-conforming contact mechanism between the femoral condyles and the tibial insert. The question that ... The failure mechanism was postulated as a combination of the high level of loading during normal activities and a non-conforming contact mechanism between the femoral condyles and the tibial insert. The question that arises is: could be this phenomenon evaluated quantitatively a priori, e.g., could be the failure due to delamination wear predicted? In order to do some finite element simulations were performed to dynamically determinate the contact area and contact pressure for three different activities. The results obtained using VIPRO platform lead to the conclusion that many clinically reported failures of the tibial tray are caused by the adhesive and fatigue wear. 展开更多
关键词 Total knee prosthesis WEAR experimental methods experimental trials knee simulator programmable logical controller VIPRO platform.
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Measurement and control system for servo pressure pulse testing equipment
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作者 宫玉洁 刘新福 刘力平 《Journal of Measurement Science and Instrumentation》 CAS 2014年第4期83-88,共6页
Servo pressure pulse testing equipment uses servo-hydraulic technology to build the model of hydraulic system. By improving measurement and control system, the equipment accomplishes signal acquisition, data processin... Servo pressure pulse testing equipment uses servo-hydraulic technology to build the model of hydraulic system. By improving measurement and control system, the equipment accomplishes signal acquisition, data processing and process con- trol. LabVIEW and programmable logic controller (PLC) are used to carry out the hardware configuration and software de- velopment. The system can communicate between LabVIEW and PLC by virtual instrumentation software architecture (VI- SA) and run automatically in accordance with setting commands. Therefore, accuracy and performance of the equipment are improved. 展开更多
关键词 programmable logic controller (PLC) LABVIEW servo-hydraulic system virtual instrumentation software ar-chitecture (VISA)
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REVIEW OF ADVANCED FPGA ARCHITECTURES AND TECHNOLOGIES 被引量:7
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作者 Yang Haigang Zhang Jia +1 位作者 Sun Jiabin Yu Le 《Journal of Electronics(China)》 2014年第5期371-393,共23页
Field Programmable Gate Array(FPGA) is an efficient reconfigurable integrated circuit platform and has become a core signal processing microchip device of digital systems over the last decade. With the rapid developme... Field Programmable Gate Array(FPGA) is an efficient reconfigurable integrated circuit platform and has become a core signal processing microchip device of digital systems over the last decade. With the rapid development of semiconductor technology, the performance and system integration of FPGA devices have been significantly progressed, and at the same time new challenges arise. The design of FPGA architecture is required to evolve to meet these challenges, while also taking advantage of ever increased microchip density. This survey reviews the recent development of advanced FPGA architectures, including improvement of the programming technologies, logic blocks, interconnects, and embedded resources. Moreover, some important emerging design issues of FPGA architectures, such as novel memory based FPGAs and 3D FPGAs, are also presented to provide an outlook for future FPGA development. 展开更多
关键词 Field programmable Gate Array(FPGA) Microchip architecture programmable logic device System-on-Chip(SoC)
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Research on rapid development platform of PLC control system 被引量:3
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作者 Wang Xing Tang Xianwei +1 位作者 Dong Zengshou Zhen Liaomo 《High Technology Letters》 EI CAS 2021年第2期210-217,共8页
In the field of industrial process control,a fast-development platform for programmable logic controller(PLC)systems is designed in order to solve two main problems of rapid development of PLC control system and progr... In the field of industrial process control,a fast-development platform for programmable logic controller(PLC)systems is designed in order to solve two main problems of rapid development of PLC control system and programmability of controlling software.In the aspect of design,the platform is composed of hardware controlling and software monitoring and is taking industrial computer as the core.Under the Windows environment,the platform establishes the control instruction set,develops the configuration function and visual programming function of the monitoring software and it integrates PLC controller based on Visual Basic software.In order to achieve the function of data monitoring,it has realized the serial communication between computer and PLC by using RS-485 and RS-232 serial ports line communication.The platform designs the intelligent instruction scheduling strategy by studying the encoding and decoding rules of the communication instruction set.It proposes a method for rapidly developing control programs by adopting the expert control mode,which enables clients to develop and modify programs conveniently by importing instructions in a non-coded manner.After experimental testing,the platform is proved successful achieving both the rapid development of PLC control system and the rapid modification of monitoring software. 展开更多
关键词 programmable logic controller(PLC) rapid development instruction set instruction scheduling expert control
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Grouting Control for Deep-Water Jacket Skirt Pile 被引量:3
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作者 章青 张建新 徐连江 《Transactions of Tianjin University》 EI CAS 2006年第5期369-372,共4页
Deep-water jacket skirt pile grouting is a critical step in ocean platform construction. Because of the complexity of the skirt pile structure and grouting pipeline, the calculation of grouting pressure and the contro... Deep-water jacket skirt pile grouting is a critical step in ocean platform construction. Because of the complexity of the skirt pile structure and grouting pipeline, the calculation of grouting pressure and the control of output pressure are involved. Beginning with the jacket skirt pile grouting construction scheme, grouting pressure is estimated on the basis of engineering fluid mechanics theory and variable frequency control technique. Programmable logic controller is the center of grouting pressure control system, which accomplishes the flow control of cement buffer tank, water buffer tank, additive buffer tank, cement metering tank, water metering tank, additive metering tank, mixer and agitator. Based on PROFIBUS-DP network, the output pressure of the slurry pump is controlled by the inverter. This method has been applied successfully in JZ20-2 Nor. high spot jacket platform construction. 展开更多
关键词 ocean engineering: pressure control programmable logic controller( PLC) slurry output control
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Identifying and Verifying Vulnerabilities through PLC Network Protocol and Memory Structure Analysis 被引量:2
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作者 Joo-Chan Lee Hyun-Pyo Choi +4 位作者 Jang-Hoon Kim Jun-Won Kim Da-Un Jung Ji-Ho Shin Jung-Taek Seo 《Computers, Materials & Continua》 SCIE EI 2020年第10期53-67,共15页
Cyberattacks on the Industrial Control System(ICS)have recently been increasing,made more intelligent by advancing technologies.As such,cybersecurity for such systems is attracting attention.As a core element of contr... Cyberattacks on the Industrial Control System(ICS)have recently been increasing,made more intelligent by advancing technologies.As such,cybersecurity for such systems is attracting attention.As a core element of control devices,the Programmable Logic Controller(PLC)in an ICS carries out on-site control over the ICS.A cyberattack on the PLC will cause damages on the overall ICS,with Stuxnet and Duqu as the most representative cases.Thus,cybersecurity for PLCs is considered essential,and many researchers carry out a variety of analyses on the vulnerabilities of PLCs as part of preemptive efforts against attacks.In this study,a vulnerability analysis was conducted on the XGB PLC.Security vulnerabilities were identified by analyzing the network protocols and memory structure of PLCs and were utilized to launch replay attack,memory modulation attack,and FTP/Web service account theft for the verification of the results.Based on the results,the attacks were proven to be able to cause the PLC to malfunction and disable it,and the identified vulnerabilities were defined. 展开更多
关键词 Industrial control system programmable logic controller CYBERSECURITY network protocol VULNERABILITY
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The Designed Operation of the Machine Control System on HL-2A Tokamak 被引量:1
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作者 李强 樊明杰 +4 位作者 宋显明 王明红 唐芳群 罗萃文 袁保山 《Plasma Science and Technology》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2005年第5期2985-2988,共4页
The Ethernet and field-bus communications are used in the machine control system (MCS) of HL-2A. The control net, with a programmable logic controller (PLC) as its logic control master, an engineering control mana... The Ethernet and field-bus communications are used in the machine control system (MCS) of HL-2A. The control net, with a programmable logic controller (PLC) as its logic control master, an engineering control management station as its net server, and a timing control PC connected to a number of terminals, flexibly and freely transfers information among the nodes on it with the Ethernet transmission techniques. The PLC masters the field bus, which carries small pieces of information between PLC and the field sites reliably and quickly. The control net is connected into the data net, where Internet access and sharing of more experimental data are enabled. The communication in the MCS guarantees the digitalization, automation and centralization. Also provided are a satisfactory degree of safety, reliability, stability, expandability and flexibility for maintenance. 展开更多
关键词 COMMUNICATION programmable logic controller (PLC) machine control system HL-2A tokamak
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Design of operation parameters of a high speed TDI CCD line scan camera 被引量:1
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作者 陈晓丽 冯勇 梁大强 《Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series)》 EI CAS 2006年第6期683-687,共5页
This paper analyzes the operation parameters of the time delay and integration (TDI) line scan CCD camera, such as resolution, line rate, clock frequency, etc. and their mathematical relationship is deduced. By analyz... This paper analyzes the operation parameters of the time delay and integration (TDI) line scan CCD camera, such as resolution, line rate, clock frequency, etc. and their mathematical relationship is deduced. By analyzing and calculating these parameters, the working clocks of the TDI CCD line scan camera are designed, which guarantees the synchronization of the line scan rate and the camera movement speed. The IL-E2 TDI CCD of DALSA Co. is used as the sensor of the camera in the paper. The working clock generator used for the TDI CCD sensor is realized by using the programmable logic device (PLD). The experimental results show that the working clock generator circuit satisfies the requirement of high speed TDI CCD line scan camera. 展开更多
关键词 line scan CCD time delay and integration (TDI) programmable logic device (PLD)
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Novel Distributed Fiber Bragg Grating Sensing System Based on M-Z Interferometer 被引量:1
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作者 WUGuo-qing BIWei-hong LIHong 《Semiconductor Photonics and Technology》 CAS 2005年第1期56-60,共5页
One of the problems in using grating sensors is how to measure a small Bragg wavelength shift accurately. Nowadays demodulation techniques are mainly based on the edge filter, tunable filter, or interferometric scanni... One of the problems in using grating sensors is how to measure a small Bragg wavelength shift accurately. Nowadays demodulation techniques are mainly based on the edge filter, tunable filter, or interferometric scanning methods. Interferometric demodulation is widely accepted as the technology which can provide the high sensitivity. An interrogation system using the interferometric scanning method is presented, in which an unbalanced fiber M-Z interferometer is used as the wavelength scanner for temperature measurement. A novel fiber Bragg grating sensor system based on M-Z interferometric demodulation technique is presented in this paper. The temperature sensitivity measured in the experiment is almost consistent with that obtained from the theoretic calculation. 展开更多
关键词 fiber bragg grating interferometric demodulation time-divisionmultiplexing complicated programmable logic device
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基于PLC和变频器技术在制冷压缩机电机正反转寿命试验装置的应用 被引量:3
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作者 王晓光 袁旭东 +3 位作者 昝世超 周俊海 孙云 黄静 《制冷与空调》 2022年第5期47-52,72,共7页
制冷压缩机电机正反转寿命试验是压缩机电机出厂前所必需的环节。为解决传统压缩机电机正反转试验装置中设备易损坏,数据采集易出现误差以及功能单一,不易控制的不足,文章设计了基于PLC、触摸屏和变频器技术的制冷压缩机电机正反转寿命... 制冷压缩机电机正反转寿命试验是压缩机电机出厂前所必需的环节。为解决传统压缩机电机正反转试验装置中设备易损坏,数据采集易出现误差以及功能单一,不易控制的不足,文章设计了基于PLC、触摸屏和变频器技术的制冷压缩机电机正反转寿命试验装置,详细介绍了该装置的PLC控制原理及程序流程。并将其进行了实际应用对比,测试结果表明:该试验装置具备能够长期运行,采集数据稳定良好,功能多样,操控简单等优势,并提高了此类试验装置的安全性。 展开更多
关键词 PLC(programmable Logic Controller) 电机正反转 试验装置 触摸屏 变频器
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Synchro Controller of Radar on FPGA
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作者 Jiang Tie-zhen, Shi Zhen-hua, Wu Shi-caiSchool of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072,Hubei, China 《Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences》 EI CAS 2003年第02A期409-413,共5页
This paper mainly represents the realization of synchro controller based on the programmable logic devices FPGA by request of HF ground wave radar synchro controller under the instance of making the best of the virtue... This paper mainly represents the realization of synchro controller based on the programmable logic devices FPGA by request of HF ground wave radar synchro controller under the instance of making the best of the virtues of FPGA. This design introduces the data communication between PC and synchro controller by PC Bus, which can carry the synchronous signals parameters to RAM of synchro controller, then according to the theory that the result of comparing counter value with signals parameters is the needed wave, we produce all waves HF ground wave radar needs, moreover all waves are produced time-sharing in order to save resources. 展开更多
关键词 Data communication systems Field programmable gate arrays programmable logic controllers SYNCHRONIZATION
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