A Probe Into the Mixed Teaching Reform of Python Language Programming

This paper first analyzes the significance of applying mixed teaching to the“Python Language Programming”course,briefly describes the current state of teaching in“Python Language Programming,”and discusses strategies for reforming mixed teaching approaches.The goal is to provide a reference for the innovative development of teaching the“Python Language Programming”course.

A Semiotic Analysis of Programming Languages

The paper presents an analysis of computer programming languages based on the semiotics of Charles S. Peirce. The author describes how such languages could evolve in order to achieve some of the expressive characteristics of natural languages. This description evinces otherwise unnoticed differences between natural languages and programming languages, showing that Peircean semiotics is an efficient analysis tool. This suggests further research on the technical features needed to implement an easier way to program computers.

《Grammars for Programming Languages》简介

加利福尼亚大学J. Craig cleaveland和Robert C. Uzgalis合著的“Grammars forProgramming Languages”(程序设计语言的文法)一书系美国ELSEVIER NORTH-HO-LLAND, INC.1977年出版的一套程序设计语言丛书之一。 自从1956年Noam

Current Trends in Online Programming Languages Learning Tools: A Systematic Literature Review

Students face difficulties in programming languages learning (PLL) which encourages many scholars to investigate the factors behind that. Although there a number of positive and negative factors found to be effective in PLL procedure, utilising online tools in PLL were recognized as a positive recommended means. This motivates many researchers to provide solutions and proposals which result in a number of choices and options. However, categorising those efforts and showing what has been done, would provide a better and clear image for future studies. Therefore, this paper aims to conduct a systematic literature review to show what studies have been done and then categorise them based on the type of online tools and the aims of the research. The study follows Kitchenham and Charters guidelines for writing SLR (Systematic Literature Review). The search result reached 1390 publications between 2013-09/2018. After the filtration which has been done through selected criteria, 160 publications were found to be adequate to answer the review questions. The main results of this systematic review are categorizing the aims of the studies in online PLL tools, classifying the tools and finding the current trends of the online PLL tools.

Shrek:a dynamic object-oriented programming language

From a perspective of theoretical study, there are some faults in the models of the existing object-oriented programming languages. For example, C# does not support metaclasses, the primitive types of Java and C# are not objects, etc. So, this paper designs a programming language, Shrek, which integrates many language features and constructions in a compact and consistent model. The Shrek language is a class-based purely object-oriented language. It has a dynamical strong type system, and adopts a single-inheritance mechanism with Mixin as its complement. It has a consistent class instantiation and inheritance structure, and the ability of intercessive structural computational reflection, which enables it to support safe metaclass programming. It also supports multi-thread programming and automatic garbage collection, and enforces its expressive power by adopting a native method mechanism. The prototype system of the Shrek language is implemented and anticipated design goals are achieved.

OFF LINE INTERPRETER OF AGENT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE AOPLID

AOPLID is a novel agent oriented programming language whose theoretical framework is the existed situation calculus theory and agent model based on intention driven manner. An AOPLID program is represented in set manner. In this paper, an off line AOPLID interpreter in Prolog is implemented, based on the off line AOPLID program semantics. At the same time, the set of rules is given which transforms an AOPLID program represented by sets into Prolog clauses so that it can be interpreted by the off line interpreter. Finally, the sound codes of the off line interpreter are listed.

Concurrent Constraint Programming:A Language and Its Execution Model

To overcome inefficiency in traditional logic programming, a declarative programming language COPS is designed based on the notion of concurrent constraint programming (CCP). The improvement is achieved by the adoption of constraint-based heuristic strategy and the introduction of deterministic components in the framework of CCP. Syntax specification and an operational semantic description are presented.

Applying Logic Programming to Knowledge Discovery on the Internet

LP (Logic Programming) has been successfully applied to knowledge discovery in many fields. The execution of the LP is based on the evaluation of the first order predicate. Usually the information involved in the predicates are local and homogenous, thus the evaluation process is relatively simple. However, the evaluation process become much more complicated when applied to KDD on the Internet where the information involved in the predicates maybe heterogeneous and distributed over many different sits. Therefor, we try to attack the problem in a multi agent system's framework so that the logic program can be written in a site independent style and deal easily with heterogeneous represented information.

NewBee: Context-Free Grammar (CFG) of a New Programming Language for Novice Programmers

Learning programming and using programming languages are the essential aspects of computer science education.Students use programming languages to write their programs.These computer programs(students or practitioners written)make computers artificially intelligent and perform the tasks needed by the users.Without these programs,the computer may be visioned as a pointless machine.As the premise of writing programs is situated with specific programming languages,enormous efforts have been made to develop and create programming languages.However,each program-ming language is domain-specific and has its nuances,syntax and seman-tics,with specific pros and cons.These language-specific details,including syntax and semantics,are significant hurdles for novice programmers.Also,the instructors of introductory programming courses find these language specificities as the biggest hurdle in students learning,where more focus is on syntax than logic development and actual implementation of the program.Considering the conceptual difficulty of programming languages and novice students’struggles with the language syntax,this paper describes the design and development of a Context-Free Grammar(CFG)of a programming language for the novice,newcomers and students who do not have computer science as their major.Due to its syntax proximity to daily conversations,this paper hypothesizes that this language will be easy to use and understand by novice programmers.This paper systematically designed the language by identifying themes from various existing programming languages(e.g.,C,Python).Additionally,this paper surveyed computer science experts from industry and academia,where experts self-reported their satisfaction with the newly designed language.The results indicate that 93%of the experts reported satisfaction with the NewBee for novice,newcomer and non-Computer Sci-ence(CS)major students.

Programming Logic Modeling and Cross-Program Defect Detection Method for Object-Oriented Code

Code defects can lead to software vulnerability and even produce vulnerability risks.Existing research shows that the code detection technology with text analysis can judge whether object-oriented code files are defective to some extent.However,these detection techniques are mainly based on text features and have weak detection capabilities across programs.Compared with the uncertainty of the code and text caused by the developer’s personalization,the programming language has a stricter logical specification,which reflects the rules and requirements of the language itself and the developer’s potential way of thinking.This article replaces text analysis with programming logic modeling,breaks through the limitation of code text analysis solely relying on the probability of sentence/word occurrence in the code,and proposes an object-oriented language programming logic construction method based on method constraint relationships,selecting features through hypothesis testing ideas,and construct support vector machine classifier to detect class files with defects and reduce the impact of personalized programming on detection methods.In the experiment,some representative Android applications were selected to test and compare the proposed methods.In terms of the accuracy of code defect detection,through cross validation,the proposed method and the existing leading methods all reach an average of more than 90%.In the aspect of cross program detection,the method proposed in this paper is superior to the other two leading methods in accuracy,recall and F1 value.

Analysis of an event study using the Fama–French five‑factor model:teaching approaches including spreadsheets and the R programming language

The current financial education framework has an increasing need to introduce tools that facilitate the application of theoretical models to real-world data and contexts.However,only a limited number of free tools are available for this purpose.Given this lack of tools,the present study provides two approaches to facilitate the implementa-tion of an event study.The first approach consists of a set of MS Excel files based on the Fama–French five-factor model,which allows the application of the event study methodology in a semi-automatic manner.The second approach is an open-source R-programmed tool through which results can be obtained in the context of an event study without the need for programming knowledge.This tool widens the calculus possibilities provided by the first approach and offers the option to apply not only the Fama–French five-factor model but also other models that are common in the finan-cial literature.It is a user-friendly tool that enables reproducibility of the analysis and ensures that the calculations are free of manipulation errors.Both approaches are freely available and ready-to-use.

Fuzzy Logic Programming in Action with <i>FLOPER</i>

During the last years, we have developed the FLOPER platform for providing a practical support to the so-called Multi-Adjoint Logic Programming approach (MALP in brief), which represents an extremely flexible framework into the Fuzzy Logic Programming arena. Nowadays, FLOPER is useful for compiling (to standard Prolog code), executing and debugging (by drawing execution trees) MALP programs, and it is ready for being extended in the near future with powerful transformation and optimization techniques designed in our research group during the recent past. Our last update consists in the integration of a graphical interface for a comfortable interaction with the system which allows, among other capabilities, the use of projects for packing scripts and auxiliary definitions of fuzzy sets/connectives, together with fuzzy programs and their associated lattices modeling truth-degrees beyond the simpler crisp case ﹛true;false﹜.

An Exploratory Practice of Integration of Industry and Education in High-level Programming Language Course in the Background of New Engineering

This paper analyzes some problems of the current teaching situation in the course High-level Programming Language,such as the lagging content of the course compared with technology development,the emphasis on theory rather than on practice,the low enthusiasm of students for learning,and the weak practical ability of students.In response to the needs of enterprises for talents under the background of New Engineering,especially the cultivation of students’adaptability and practical abilities towards future industries to improve students’knowledge and problemsolving abilities to keep up with the modern technology,this paper proposes the ways and methods to reform and explore the teaching content and teaching methods by integrating industry and education,assisting teaching according to industrial demands,and lowering technology barriers of new technology.The practical effect is evaluated through a survey in class and the follow-up questionnaire after class,and the results show that the effect of the practice is effective.

Linguistic Economy Applied to Programming Language Identifiers

Though many different readability metrics have been created, there still is no universal agreement defining readability of software source code. The lack of a clear agreement of source code readability has ramifications in many areas of the software development life-cycle, not least of which being software maintainability. We propose a measurement based on Linguistic Economy to bridge the gap between mathematical and behavioral aspects. Linguistic Economy describes efficiencies of speech and is generally applied to natural languages. In our study, we create a large corpus of words that are likely to be found in a programmer’s vocabulary, and a corpus of existing identifiers found in a collection of open-source projects. We perform a usage analysis to create a database from both of these corpora. Linguistic Economy suggests that words requiring less effort to speak are used more often than words requiring more effort. This concept is applied to measure how difficult program identifiers are to understand by extracting them from the program source and comparing their usage to the database. Through this process, we can identify source code that programmers find difficult to review. We validate our work using data from a survey where programmers identified unpleasant to review source files. The results indicate that source files identified as unpleasant to review source code have more linguistically complicated identifiers than pleasant programs.

Spatial Data Process Using Python Script and Visual Programming Language in ArcGIS

Data are limitless. But those are usually not formed or created in our needs. Most of data providers deliver their data in Microsoft Excel spreadsheet, which is compatible with ArcGIS, the most widely used GIS （Geographic Information System） software in GIS sector. However, those table data contain much unnecessary information that do not need for a certain project. Using the raw data can increase processing times and reduce performance of geoprocessing tools. This study shows steps of how the raw data are being processed using ArcGIS ModelBuilder and Python script.

Research and Reflection on Teaching of C Programming Language Design

C Language is a basic programming language and a compulsory foundation course for majors of science and engineering. Subjected to teaching periods,students have no time to do enough concrete integrated exercises. In teaching of C programming language design, both teachers and students have some problems. On the one hand teachers should change their teaching ideology, on the other hand,students should spontaneously study and improve their study motivation. In this way, students will improve their programming ability and apply what they learn comprehensively.

Agent Oriented Programming进展

Agent-oriented programming (AOP) is a framework to develop agents, and it aims to link the gap betweentheory and practical in agent research. The core of an AOP framework is its language and semantics. In this paper,we propose the necessary properties which agents should have, and then give a summary and analysis about differentAOP languages based on these properties.

An Object-Oriented Robot Programming and Simulation System

ＡｎＯｂｊｅｃｔ－ＯｒｉｅｎｔｅｄＲｏｂｏｔＰｒｏｇｒａｍｍｉｎｇａｎｄＳｉｍｕｌａｔｉｏｎＳｙｓｔｅｍＺＨＡＯＣｈｕｎｘｉａ；ＦＵＹｉｌｉ；ＷＡＮＧＳｈｕｇｕｏ；ＷＵＪｉｎｇ；ＣＡＩＨｅｇａｏ赵春霞，付宜立，王树国，吴菁，蔡鹤皋（ＲｏｂｏｔＲｅｓｅ...

Programming with Conditionals: Epistemic Programming for Scientific Discovery

In order to provide scientists with a computational methodology and some computational tools to program their epistemic processes in scientific discovery, we are establishing a novel programming paradigm, named ‘Epistemic Programming’, which regards conditionals as the subject of computing, takes primary epistemic operations as basic operations of computing, and regards epistemic processes as the subject of programming. This paper presents our fundamental observations and assumptions on scientific discovery processes and their automation, research problems on modeling, automating, and programming epistemic processes, and an outline of our research project of Epistemic Programming.

Programming System PARCS

PARCS (Parallel Asynchronous Recursive Control System) programming tools that allow unified add-on parallel extensions over traditional programming languages are described. The PARCS model is based on the conception of a control space, which is used to describe parallel interacting processes. Structurally, the control space consists of addressable “points” and “channels”. Executing modules are assigned to points and communicate through channels connecting points. Recursive embeddings of processes are allowed. The effective implementation of PARCS on cloud platforms Microsoft AZURE and Amazon EC2 is also presented.