Process-oriented knowledge-sharing platform for chemical engineering design projects

A process-oriented knowledge-sharing platform is studied to improve knowledge sharing and project management of chemical engineering design enterprises. First, problems and characteristics of knowledge sharing in multi-projects of chemical engineering design are analyzed. Then based on theories of project management, process management, and knowledge management, a process-oriented knowledge-sharing platform is proposed. The platform has three characteristics: knowledge is divided into professional knowledge and project management knowledge; knowledge sharing is integrated with the project process, which makes knowledge sharing a necessary part of the project process and ensures the quantity of knowledge shared; the platform provides quantitative measurements of incentive mechanisms for knowledge providers and users which ensures the quality of knowledge shared. This knowledge-sharing platform uses two knowledge management tools, a knowledge map and a knowledge base, to support the platform.

南美洲Oriente盆地斜坡带W区块构造-岩性复合油藏成藏模式及有利区预测

通过岩心观察、地震解释、储层反演、原油地化分析、油源对比、油气运移示踪分析等对南美洲Oriente盆地斜坡带W区块典型构造-岩性复合油藏的成藏规律进行了分析,并指出了下一步的有利勘探方向。研究结果表明:①Oriente盆地斜坡带W区块构造-岩性复合油藏整体为西倾和西南倾单斜构造,局部发育鼻隆,油藏目的层为白垩系Napo组M1ss段,砂体呈北西—南东向,储层厚度大、物性好。②研究区河口湾砂坝控制有利储层分布,W区块平稳的西倾和西南倾单斜鼻隆构造背景与NW—SE走向的泥岩条带配合控制圈闭形成,有效油气运移通道的空间展布控制成藏。③构造-岩性油藏为三阶段成藏模式,早期常规原油充注,中期原油遭受降解,晚期常规原油混合降稠。④W区块南部地区2个泥岩条带的西南部位是W区块构造-岩性复合圈闭的有利发育区。

基于“模块-情景-项目”课程模式的高职语文教学改革——以晋中职业技术学院室内设计专业为例

高职语文课程因缺乏“双师型”教师队伍,统编教材统一性有余而个性化不足,教学模式单一,缺乏类型特征等,导致其无法为专业和产业提供有效的支持,面临着边缘化或被取消的尴尬处境。高职语文课程必须改革,教师深入企业了解岗位需求,制定符合专业特色的课程标准,并编写相应的职业情景活页教材,采用“模块-情景-项目”的课程模式,综合运用情景教学、项目教学和模块化教学,让学生在真实生产任务和职业情境中提升职业能力,为地方经济发展服务。

Transparent and anti-fogging AlPO_(4)-5 films constructed by oblique oriented nano-flake crystals

In the present work,transparent and anti-fogging AlPO_(4)-5 films were prepared on glass substrates using a novel developed process.The process entails a simple in-situ sol–gel followed by vapor phase transport.The in-situ sol–gel process was implemented by coating the precursor sols for the synthesis of AlPO4-5 on the glass substrates successively using the spin-coating method.The films and powders scribed from the films were characterized by X-Ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),scanning electron microscope(SEM),atomic force microscope(AFM),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscope(TEM).The unique films were composed of oblique oriented nanoflake AlPO_(4)-5 crystals with the thickness of about 20 nm.The formation of nano-flake crystals can be ascribed to the high concentration of the precursors,resulting in the formation of a supersaturation system.The obtained films showed high antifogging performance due to the superhydrophilicity with a water contact angle of lower than 1.0°.The silicone oil contact angle was also low about 8.2°.In addition,heteroatom-substituted AlPO_(4)-5 films showing different colors can be obtained easily by simply adding transition metal ions in the phosphate acid solution during the preparation that can extend the application of the method for different coating demand.

基于“项目贯穿、任务驱动”德技美共育的线上线下混合式教学改革与实践--以“网页布局设计”模块为例

通过采用“项目贯穿、任务驱动”的教学模式,以项目为载体贯穿课程,以任务为导向驱动学习,开展“课前启化、课中内化,课后优化”的三段式线上线下混合式教学,整个教学过程按“导入项目一明确任务、研讨项目一讨论任务、项目实践一完成任务、评价项目一反思任务”的思路开展“学、顾、引、析、践、汇、评、用”八个环节的课堂教学流程,前后衔接、递阶推进,帮助学生完成知识、技能的主动建构,同时以美的教育开展课堂思政教学,大大提高学生的学习效率和兴趣。该课堂模式使课程教学与社会需求的精准对接,教学范式从“教学模式”向“学习模式”转变,推动思想政治教育和专业教育、美育教育有机融合,切实解决课程教学过程中“教学内容与目标岗位需求脱节”“学生以被动接受为特征的传统学习方式”“教学重技能轻素养”等问题,提高人才培养质量。

Photo-polymerization of liquid crystalline monomer in oriented liquid crystal phase

A new approach to synthesize liquid crystalline polymer with narrow polydispersity index（PDI） was developed.Photopolymerization of 4-cyanophenyl-4＇-（6-acryloyloxyhexyloxy）benzoate（RM23） in nematic liquid crystals with macroscopic orientation was studied.The effects of the monomer concentration on the molecular weight and PDI of the resulting polymers were studied through gel permeation chromatography（GPC） and polarized optical microscopy.The low PDI of 1.19 and 1.22 was obtained in the reverse and normal modes,respectively.The PDI and molecular weight increased with monomer concentration.

A user-oriented resource scheduling method for improving agile software pattern in cloud environment

The crowdsourcing, as a service pattern in cloud environment, usually aims at the cross-disciplinary cooperation and creating value together with customers and becomes increasingly prevalent. Software process, as a kind of software development and management strategy, is defined as a series of activities implemented by software life cycle and provides a set of rules for various phases of the software engineering to achieve the desired objectives. With the current software development cycle getting shorter, facing more frequent needs change and fierce competition, a new resource management pattern is proposed to respond to these issues agilely by introducing the crowdsourcing service to agile software development for pushing the agility of software process. Then, a user-oriented resource scheduling method is proposed for rational use of various resources in the process and maximizing the benefits of all parties. From the experimental results, the proposed pattern and resources scheduling method reduces greatly the resource of project resource manager and increases the team resource utilization rate, which greatly improves the agility of software process and delivers software products quickly in crowdsourcing pattern.

地方应用型本科院校大学生创新创业能力培养策略与实践--以安全工程专业为例

为提升地方应用型本科院校大学生创新创业能力,培养符合时代发展需求的创新型人才,以安全工程专业为例,探究创新创业能力培养策略。在介绍地方应用型本科院校安全工程专业创新创业培养现状并总结存在问题的基础上,提出适应于地方应用型本科院校安全工程专业的创新创业能力培养策略。湖南工学院安全工程专业职业安全与健康团队大学生创新创业能力培养实践表明:导师制下,以科研项目为驱动,可以有效训练大学生创新创业能力,并且吸引更多大学生参与创新创业项目。

A class of fully third-order accurate projection methods for solving the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations

In this paper, a fully third-order accurate projection method for solving the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations is proposed. To construct the scheme, a continuous projection procedure is firstly presented. We then derive a sufficient condition for the continuous projection equations to be temporally third-order accurate approximations of the original Navier-Stokes equations by means of the localtruncation-error-analysis technique. The continuous projection equations are discretized temporally and spatially to third-order accuracy on the staggered grids, resulting in a fully third-order discrete projection scheme. The possibility to design higher-order projection methods is thus demonstrated in the present paper. A heuristic stability analysis is performed on this projection method showing the probability of its being stable. The stability of the present scheme is further verified through numerical tests. The third-order accuracy of the present projection method is validated by several numerical test cases.

Comment on the Recent Start of a New “IUPAC-Project”

The opening of a new IUPAC-project is highly appreciated. In the year 2009, the IUPAC had published an article “Discovery of the element with atomic number 112 (IUPAC Technical Report)” [1]* which contains a section on the work of the Marinov collaboration. It appears that this section is not always in agreement with conventional standards for scientific publications. This present comment focuses on these formal questions.

“项目进村”对村庄治理机制的重构

“项目进村”是实现乡村产业振兴与集体经济可持续发展的关键,基于交易成本理论和治理机制的协同效应理论,结合安徽省YQ乡的案例分析,解读“项目进村”何以成功,并分析生产型治理对乡村治理机制的重构。研究发现:生产型治理通过发挥科层机制与合约机制的协同效应,能够降低项目的交易成本,实现“项目进村”;当合约机制的交易成本更低时,就会引致对科层机制的替代,但是当交易的非市场化程度较高时,就会不可避免地选择科层机制。科层机制是村庄“有项目”的基础,而合约机制的嵌入能够避免科层机制治理目标的异化,使得进村项目“得以落地”;合约机制是项目内生性嵌入村庄的过程,而通过与科层机制间的协同,能够避免合约机制治理能力的弱化,使得落地项目“得以持续”;通过生产型治理,可以从治理主体、产权结构、分配结构等方面打通乡村治理的关键痛点,为“项目进村”打下坚实的治理基础。

项目驱动下的工程教育人才培养模式:欧美高校的实践与启示

当前新一轮科技革命和产业变革正在加速演进,在迈向中国式现代化的征程中,我国高等工程教育正肩负重要使命并迫切需要深化改革。项目驱动的人才培养模式作为工程教育改革的重要抓手,其影响力和应用范围正不断扩大。本文通过遴选三所工程教育具有传统优势并走在工程教育改革前沿的代表性欧美高校:麻省理工学院、代尔夫特理工大学和欧林工学院,从工程教育改革历程、人才培养理念和课程体系设置三个方面系统分析了三所高校的项目驱动人才培养模式,总结和分析了该模式以学生为中心的理念,在打破学科壁垒、培养工程技能、增强团队协作、体现人文素养等方面的特点,以及对我国工程教育改革的启示。

伴随专业学习的科研项目教学--实践项目与研究性学习的结合

讲座课和练习课往往是德国大学的主要课堂教学形式,同时辅以项目和实验室教学,但其中用科学方法研究一个问题以及传授科研工作的方法通常没有得到足够重视。为了给学生提供尝试运用科学方法的机会,同时培养他们在特定学科的专业能力和相关实践能力,尝试开发一个伴随专业学习的科研项目教学方案,即在教学中把实践项目和研究性学习相互结合,使学生能够自由地尝试各种方法、独立地解决研究问题,并可以从教师那里得到以需求为导向的支持。学生因此可以获得运用和扩展其学科知识和方法的机会。

基于Proteus仿真的微机原理与应用研究性实验教学项目设计

实验教学是《微机原理与应用》课程教学的重要组成部分,针对实验内容单一、开放性与启发性不足等问题,开展了基于Proteus仿真的综合实验项目设计。该实验以电压报警系统的实现为目标,基于研究性教学思想设计了由电压采集、并行接口控制、电压值显示、声光报警以及紧急事件5个子实验项目构成的阶梯递进式实验内容,形成了以目标为引导的实验教学体系。实践证明,Proteus仿真软件能够充分发挥研究性教学思想,有效激发学生主动学习和自主实践的兴趣,提高运用理论知识解决综合工程问题的能力,对科学研究思维和创新实践精神的培养有着积极的促进作用。

旧城社区景观更新设计虚拟仿真实验的建设与实践

针对景观更新设计实验教学中存在的空间跨度大、项目周期长、投资高昂且过程不可逆等难题,设计开发了旧城社区景观更新设计虚拟仿真实验。实验由知识体系、任务体系与评价体系构成,采取“项目引领、任务驱动”的总设计思路,通过对景观更新典型案例的拆解与模块化建设,实现了知识点与设计全过程高仿真可视化呈现;同时构建了多元量化评价体系,对设计方案的经济性、生态性、艺术性等进行实时在线评估,不断强化行业规范和标准意识,树立系统性与融合性的设计理念,引导学生统筹协调各设计要素,反复优化直至形成最优方案,有效提升了学生的总体设计能力和解决复杂工程问题的能力。

高校项目化服务社区儿童之家实施路径与策略研究——以S市“红苗”为例

近年来,越来越多的公益性项目以社区儿童之家为阵地,整合高校资源,推动儿童与社区“双向奔赴”。为探索高校项目及大学生服务社区儿童直接的有效路径,给予社区儿童更实质、有效且可持续的教育及帮扶,本文试以S市大学生社区服务项目“红苗”为蓝本,通过实证研究、总结、反思实践经验,探索高校项目化服务如何有效融入社区儿童之家,搭建社会组织承接的服务载体,从项目设计、应用、实践、推广等方面进行路径与策略研究。

“机械振动”课程项目化改革与创新实践

为使学生掌握机械系统振动的基本理论知识和分析方法,培养学生对复杂工程问题进行力学建模、运动规律分析和应用振动理论解决工程实际问题的能力,提出“机械振动”课程内容项目化改革与创新。为实现对学生从基础教学层、应用基础教学层到应用教学层逐步螺旋阶梯式上升的培养模式,构建了课程内容与科研项目双向转化的课程教学体。通过将科研项目课程化,推动课程项目化,真正实现产教融合一体。采用启发式、讲练结合式、同类对比式及项目化等多元教学方法,借助线上线下的混合教学模式,实行差异性考核评价,实现因材施教,培养学生自主学习、创新研究及工程实践的素质及能力。实践表明,该教学模式有利于学生对课程内容的掌握,极大地调动了学生的积极性,取得了良好的效果。

基于成果导向的测控类课程实践教学模式研究

实践教学环节是高等学校培养学生实践能力和创新能力的重要手段,针对测控类课程的知识点繁多、学科交叉性强、实践应用要求高等特点,深入分析目前测控类课程的实践教学现状,对比研究OBE教育理念下三种实践教学模式,提出基于成果导向的项目制实践教学模式实施的三个关键问题,并以“发动机测控设计实践”课程为例,探索三个关键问题的解决途径,以期为OBE教育理念下测控类课程实践教学改革提供方法借鉴。