Topic Maps Based Project Knowledge Management

Based on topic maps, a preprocessing scheme using similarity comparision is presented and applied in knowledge management. Topic and occurrence-ofiented merging algorithm is also introduced to implement knowledge integration for the sub-system. AnOm- nigator-supported example from an aeroaustic institute is utilised to validate the preprocessing method and the result indicates it can speed up the research schedule.

Integrating Project Management, Software Development, and Knowledge Management Models: A Case Study in a Public ICT Services Organization

In project-based organizations knowledge is a critical resource used to develop and deliver products and services with a high level of quality. Therefore, a systematic and sustainable process is necessary to coordinate knowledge management, project management and product lifecycle. This scenario predominates in companies focused on the creation and maintenance of information systems. This article presents an exploratory study based on a framework that integrates cognitive, managerial, and operational processes in a public Brazilian organization that provides services in the area of information and communications technology, focusing on the construction and maintenance of information systems. Those processes are operationalized by three management models considering knowledge, project, and software development processes. Our proposal aims to understand the relationships between those three management models and their influence on the software development process in the organization under study. Our premise is based on the principle that cognitive management, project management, and software development management must be integrated to fulfill the demands of product development and service provision. The research data was composed of registers of working hours spent on software development and maintenance projects involving 244 people allocated to 5064 projects in the period from 2007 to 2013. The study resulted in the identification of the relationships among the three management models adopted by the organization, with emphasis on knowledge management activities, which were not directly identified, making it difficult to account for and measure them. We established a set of activities connected to each one of the knowledge management model phases. Since those activities were not visible before, our approach contributed to build a systematic process to register and relate activities linked to the dimensions of cognitive processes, project management, and software construction.

Knowledge Management Strategy for Handling Cyber Attacks in E-Commerce with Computer Security Incident Response Team (CSIRT)

Electronic Commerce (E-Commerce) was created to help expand the market share network through the internet without the boundaries of space and time. However, behind all the benefits obtained, E-Commerce also raises the issue of consumer concerns about the responsibility for personal data that has been recorded and collected by E-Commerce companies. The personal data is in the form of consumer identity names, passwords, debit and credit card numbers, conversations in email, as well as information related to consumer requests. In Indonesia, cyber attacks have occurred several times against 3 major E-Commerce companies in Indonesia. In 2019, users’ personal data in the form of email addresses, telephone numbers, and residential addresses were sold on the deep web at Bukalapak and Tokopedia. Even though E-Commerce affected by the cyber attack already has a Computer Security Incident Response Team (CSIRT) by recruiting various security engineers, both defense and attack, this system still has a weakness, namely that the CSIRT operates in the aspect of handling and experimenting with defense, not yet on how to store data and prepare for forensics. CSIRT will do the same thing again, and so on. This is called an iterative procedure, one day the attack will come back and only be done with technical handling. Previous research has succeeded in revealing that organizations that have Knowledge Management (KM), the organization has succeeded in reducing costs up to four times from the original without using KM in the cyber security operations. The author provides a solution to create a knowledge management strategy for handling cyber incidents in CSIRT E-Commerce in Indonesia. This research resulted in 4 KM Processes and 2 KM Enablers which were then translated into concrete actions. The KM Processes are Knowledge Creation, Knowledge Storing, Knowledge Sharing, and Knowledge Utilizing. While the KM Enabler is Technology Infrastructure and People Competency.

Systematic research on enterprise knowledge management

Entering 21st century, knowledge has already become the most important strategic resource for enterprises. The key factors of keeping continuous competitive advantages for an enterprise are the abilities of knowledge management and knowledge innovations. Enterprise knowledge management is a new subject with great theoretical meaning and actual meaning. From a new angle, guided by systematic viewpoint, this paper analyses deeply and explores synthetically enterprise knowledge management as a complicated system problem by doing the following:Defining the implication of enterprise knowledge management;Analyzing three kinds of the key elements in enterprise knowledge management and the interaction relations among the elements;Proposing and probing into the structure of enterprise knowledge management. Considers the structure as the open dynamic network structure with multidimensional space. Through drawing the state chart of key elements, analyzes the functions of enterprise knowledge management; Proposing and studying the interaction mechanisms between three kinds of the key elements and enterprise knowledge management. On the basis of all above analyses, aiming at the conditions and problems of enterprise knowledge management in our country, this paper probes into the main countermeasures of knowledge management that should be adopted by the enterprises of our country.

Construction and Application of Cloud Computing Model for Reciprocal and Collaborative Knowledge Management

Promoting the co-constructing and sharing of organizational knowledge and improving organizational performance have always been the core research subject of knowledge management.Existing research focuses on the construction of knowledge management systems and knowledge sharing and transfer mechanisms.With the rapid development and application of cloud computing and big data technology,knowledge management is faced with many problems,such as how to combine with the new generation of information technology,how to achieve integration with organizational business processes,and so on.To solve such problems,this paper proposes a reciprocal collaborative knowledge management model(RCKMmodel)based on cloud computing technology,reciprocity theory,and collaboration technology.RCKM model includes project group management and cloud computing technology,which can realize management,finance,communication,and quality assurance of multiple projects and solve the problem of business integration with knowledge management.This paper designs evaluation methods of tacit knowledge and reciprocity preference based on the Bayesian formula and analyzes their effect with simulation data.The methods can provide quantitative support for the integration of knowledge management and business management to realize reciprocity and collaboration in the RCKM model.The research found that RCKM model can fully use cloud computing technology to promote the integration of knowledge management and organizational business,and the evaluation method based on the Bayesian formula can provide relatively accurate data support for the evaluation and selection of project team members.

Protocol Based Approach for Tacit to Explicit Knowledge Conversion

In the knowledge management domain, the conversion of tacit knowledge to explicit knowledge is critical because it is a prerequisite to the knowledge amplification process wherein knowledge becomes part of an organization＇s knowledge network. Although codified knowledge and its capture is commonplace, tacit knowledge has up until recent years proved elusive in its inclusion within the organization＇s knowledge base. In this paper, the conversion process has been dealt with the help of protocols. It is learned that while structure may significantly improve the tacit to explicit conversion process, it also may matter how the structure is employed. It is anticipated that eventual successful modeling of such knowledge will ultimately be undertaken in several organizations with a view to improving information capture and transference.

＂Intelligent＂ Knowledge Reuse for Complex Logistics Projects： An Application of Ontology-Driven and Case-Based Reasoning

The application potential of ontology-driven and CBR （case-based reasoning） is demonstrated for the business knowledge management particularly with respect to the reuse of knowledge of experience concerning logistics projects. The relevance of poorly structured, qualitative and especially in natural language represented knowledge is outlined for purposes of knowledge management, particularly with respect to the management of project-related knowledge. It is elucidated how this kind of knowledge can be preprocessed and reused with the support of a computer. At first, the technique of CBR is outlined in its basic fundamentals. Thereupon, it will be shown how the technique of ontologies can be used for the computer-supported processing of knowledge represented in natural language and integrated in computer-assisted CBR systems. A simple application example illustrates how ontology-driven and CBR can be used in practice within the reuse of project-related knowledge. Finally, it will be addressed which further need for research exists in principle.

Application of Binomial Option Pricing Model to the Appraisal of Knowledge Management Investment

This paper views knowledge management （KM） investment from the angle of real options, and demonstrates the utility of the real options approach to KM investment analysis. First, KM project has characteristics of uncertainty, irreversibility and choice of timing, which suggests that we can appraise KM investment by real options theory. Second, the paper analyses corresponding states of real options in KM and finance options. Then, this paper sheds light on the way to the application of binomial pricing method to KM investment model, which includes modeling and conducting KM options. Finally, different results are shown of using DCF method and binomial model of option evaluation via a case.

Knowledge Discovery in Data: A Case Study

It is common in industrial construction projects for data to be collected and discarded without being analyzed to extract useful knowledge. A proposed integrated methodology based on a five-step Knowledge Discovery in Data (KDD) model was developed to address this issue. The framework transfers existing multidimensional historical data from completed projects into useful knowledge for future projects. The model starts by understanding the problem domain, industrial construction projects. The second step is analyzing the problem data and its multiple dimensions. The target dataset is the labour resources data generated while managing industrial construction projects. The next step is developing the data collection model and prototype data ware-house. The data warehouse stores collected data in a ready-for-mining format and produces dynamic On Line Analytical Processing (OLAP) reports and graphs. Data was collected from a large western-Canadian structural steel fabricator to prove the applicability of the developed methodology. The proposed framework was applied to three different case studies to validate the applicability of the developed framework to real projects data.

县域医共体下家庭医生团队知识共享现状及影响因素研究

背景县域医共体下家庭医生团队知识共享是县乡村三级机构之间互动的重要方式,对于提升区域医疗卫生服务质量、改善居民健康水平等起重要作用。目的了解县域医共体下家庭医生团队的知识共享现状,探讨其影响因素,为促进家庭医生团队内部知识管理和能力提升提供科学依据。方法于2022年10—12月,采用方便抽样法在湖北省抽取2个县域医共体,经多阶段抽样选取医共体下的381个家庭医生团队为研究对象。采用自编团队知识共享调查问卷调查团队的知识共享水平,包括显性知识共享、隐性知识共享两个维度。采用多元线性逐步回归分析探讨家庭医生团队知识共享的影响因素。结果县域医共体下家庭医生团队知识共享总得分为(27.84±3.84)分,显性知识共享、隐性知识共享维度的平均条目水平得分分别为(5.51±0.79)、(5.61±0.77)分。多元线性逐步回归分析结果显示,学历异质性指数、团队长作用、团队沟通强度、平台载体使用水平、团队活动强度、成员学习积极性是县域医共体下家庭医生团队知识共享总得分的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论县域医共体下家庭医生团队内部知识共享处于良好水平,但仍有提升空间。建议通过增加家庭医生团队活动频次,提高团队沟通能力,采取相关激励措施,拓展知识共享渠道等促进家庭医生团队成员知识共享。

学以致用的项目驱动式教学研究——以财务管理专业Python语言程序设计课程为例

Python语言程序设计课程是高校广泛开设的公共通识课程。该文以财务管理专业学生为施教对象,分析该课程教学面临的困难,探讨项目驱动式教学方法。通过梳理教学内容和知识点,构建知识图谱,结合专业背景设计应用项目,把知识点的教学贯穿于应用项目的开发中,同步递进,把理论与实践有机融合,传授Python语言程序设计基础知识的同时,培养学生解决问题的能力,达到学以致用的目的。

基于蔡氏混沌的隐性知识转移仿真研究

在知识经济时代,知识转移过程已成为管理学研究的热点问题。为分析隐性知识转移阻力变化对隐性知识转移过程及形态的影响,在梳理现有隐性知识转移文献的基础上,运用混沌理论构建蔡氏混沌隐性知识转移模型并进行仿真分析,研究隐性知识在主体间转移规律。研究结果表明:隐性知识转移具有初始状态敏感性等混沌特征,随着知识主体间合作与竞争平衡关系的变化,输出方转移意愿、输出方转移能力、接收方吸收动机、合作信任强度、互动交流程度也随之变化,隐性知识转移呈现出隐性知识转移全阻力类型、隐性知识转移高阻力类型、隐性知识转移中阻力类型、隐性知识转移低阻力类型以及隐性知识转移零阻力类型5种类型。基于仿真研究结果,提出隐性知识转移效果提升对策,同时,为隐性知识具有反馈机制的双向非线性转移过程研究提供新的量化方法和研究思路。

中国情境下公共项目治理研究的缘起、发展与应用

我国公共项目建设取得了举世瞩目的成就,一系列公共项目已成为世界公共项目建设史上的标杆,对提升综合国力产生重要影响,公共项目治理理论也得到长足发展。然而,现有研究对其发展脉络、理论框架尚未给出清晰阐释,为后续研究和理论拓展带来困扰。因此,系统梳理其理论体系以指导学界精准应用公共项目治理理论指导工程实践,成为学界关注的重要议题。研究内容包括:(1)公共项目治理研究发轫于解决公共项目绩效悖论,通过赋予公共项目可分析性实现了研究范式从管理到治理的转换;(2)公共项目治理知识体系主要包括“治理结构”“治理机制”“治理模式”“治理绩效”等核心内容;(3)通过对代建制下非经营性公共项目治理结构与机制的分析,构建了一套公共项目绩效改善的系统性分析框架。研究成果将推动公共项目治理理论进一步发展,并能为发挥公共项目治理指导工程实践的理论意义、优化公共项目治理的制度建设提供研究基础。

从知识管理角度探讨中医传承新模式

中医知识可分为显性知识和隐性知识两个部分,本文从知识管理角度,阐述了五种中医传承模式中显性知识与隐性知识组成,系统梳理了传统中医传承模式的优势与不足,并创新性地将SECI知识管理模型引入中医传承研究中,构建中医知识传承创新模式,通过隐性知识社会化、隐性知识外部化、显性知识组合化、显性知识内部化4个方面提出中医知识传承的新思路。该模式有助于实现中医传承中的显隐性知识循环转化,为中医传承事业的“创造性转化与创新性发展”提供借鉴方案。

重访科层制:对议事协调机制的类型学探究

议事协调机制长期被视为破解科层制协同困境的制度设计,但现有研究对议事协调机制的类型学缺乏系统考察。基于对W市应急管理工作的参与式观察发现,领导小组在调度中出现“小组失灵”,而工作组与工作专班表现出更强的议事协调能力。以行政知识和政治权威的正式与非正式形式为框架,研究分析三种议事协调机制的类型与适用情境:领导小组是权力导向型,适用于改革性、开创性情境;工作组是事务导向型,适用于任务性、统筹性情境;工作专班是资源导向型,适用于攻坚性、焦点性情境。科层制作为理解现代政府的理论基础,伴随着行政改革的浪潮历经衰落与回归,其与议事协调机制的关系尚未在理论层面得到充分讨论。重访科层制有助于在常规政治生活的视野内锚定议事协调机制的类型与功能,呈现新时代整体性政府建设的组织调适。

高铁走廊的内涵探析与建设管理框架构建

高铁时代的到来,改变了高铁沿线地区资源的配置和沿线城市的经济发展,同时赋予了高铁项目建设管理更广泛的价值和意义,对项目规划与管理提出了更高的要求和挑战。为解决当前人们对高铁走廊的认知局限问题以及推动高铁走廊的形成与成熟,实现高铁对沿线地区产生最优影响的共同愿景,通过文献研究和知识图谱先了解国内外研究现状,然后通过精读文献和政府政策文件,从学术和实践溯源2个方面深度探析高铁走廊的内涵,并进一步明晰高铁走廊的界限与多元主体。在此基础上,利用工程管理学思维,构建高铁走廊建设管理理论框架,推动高铁走廊的形成、成熟及可持续发展。研究结果表明:1)国内外有关高铁走廊的研究比较分散,研究不够丰富和系统化,绝大部分研究都停留在微观和中观层面。2)高铁走廊的内涵包括:以高铁为中心的综合交通干线;以高铁站为依托的城镇化建设以及大中型城市建设;以促进要素优化配置为基础的产业合作;以资源共享为目标,实现区域一体化发展的带状区域经济系统。3)建设管理理念、目标管理、组织体系、实施模式及支撑保障体系是高铁走廊建设管理理论体系的重要组成部分,各部分内容紧密联系、相互作用,形成一个有机整体,能够有效指导高铁走廊的发展。研究成果能够弥补高铁走廊相关理论研究的空白,有助于提高高铁项目管理者的认知水平,为实现高铁沿线地区均衡发展提供理论依据,具有重要的理论和现实意义。

基于依存句法规则的信息技术项目图谱构建

知识图谱提供了图结构化的知识存储方式,可以实现对非结构化知识的有效管理,但对于信息技术项目文本的管理来说,通用的知识抽取方法仍然难以获取符合要求的知识。对此,本文提出了基于依存句法规则的抽取框架,通过结合依存分析和句法规则来解决这一问题。该框架首先通过构建依存句法结构来扩展和融合实体,形成实体间的上下位关系,基于实体的上下位关系建立实体间的关系,并利用超边来解决实体间的多元关系建模问题。最后,以案例实验验证了所提方法的可行性。

高层管理团队数字知识与企业数字化转型——基于角色理论视角

文章基于角色理论视角,借助2010—2020年我国上市公司高管履历数据,分析了高层管理团队数字知识对企业数字化转型的影响,重点讨论了两者的边界条件。研究表明:数字知识与企业数字化转型之间呈正相关关系;在行为整合框架下,CEO职业背景、CEO-TMT交互和CEO权力均正向调节两者关系,经稳健性检验后,上述关系依然成立;进一步研究发现,团队断裂带的存在会阻碍团队成员的信息交流,从而抑制高层管理团队数字知识的转化;基于知识基础观发现,企业层面的技术吸收能力能够促进团队数字知识与企业数字化转型的关系。研究结论可以为数字变革下高层管理团队准确理解并正确履行自身角色和职能提供借鉴。

基于知识视角的研发项目相似性测度及对项目集聚类的影响研究

为了企业高效地管理多个新产品研发(NPD)项目,提出基于知识的多项目管理方法,该方法集成知识的可复用性及其相似性测度项目间的相似性,并结合依赖结构矩阵(DSM)方法,以更全面地分析知识对项目相似度及项目集聚类的影响。研究表明:迭代不仅对项目相似性产生影响,还能提升活动因学习而产生的知识增量;依据知识关系测度项目相似性,进而将相似度高的项目聚在一个项目集中,便于项目集内的项目进行知识转移与共享,使企业的知识资源得到有效、合理的利用。

工程项目全生命周期管理知识图谱构建与应用

为进一步解决工程项目涉及要素多、关联关系复杂、各类信息深度挖掘应用难等问题,本文以工程项目管理为核心,以工程项目全生命周期管理数据为基础,采用知识表示、知识建模、知识抽取、知识融合、知识存储与知识应用等技术手段,开展工程项目全生命周期管理的知识图谱构建与应用,全面、直观地揭示跨部门、跨系统、跨时间各工程项目管理要素之间的关联关系,解决工程项目管理数据多源异构、业务复杂导致的查询效率低、数据挖掘难等问题,为工程项目全生命周期信息管理提供高效、直观的实现思路。