Enhancing Evidence-Based Practice and Critical Thinking Skills of Nursing Students: Lessons from the Review of the Bachelor of Science in Nursing Curriculum of the University of Zambia

Background: Making changes in the existing curriculum aims, objectives, course contents learning outcomes and assessment strategies have become a fact of life for nurse educators. Purpose: To enhance the existing Bachelor of Science (BSc) in nursing curriculum through integration of evidence-based practice (EBP) and teaching of critical thinking skills. Materials and Methods: A needs analysis was conducted using a five-phased approach to review the BSc in nursing Curriculum. Kern’s six-step model was adapted and introduced through a series of workshop exercises that highlighted the application of each step: 1) Desk review of the BSc curriculum offered globally;2) Administration of the needs assessment questionnaire to key informants;3) Strengths, weakness, opportunities and threat analysis;4) Consultative meeting with major stakeholders;5) Curriculum review. Results: The five-phased approach established some gaps in existing curricula, and identified critical core competences and best practices in integrating EPB and critical thinking in the BSc undergraduate curriculum and some “A” level content that was not in tandem with the practice of nurses. New courses were developed to support students in academic writing and enhance professionalism and duration of training was reduced from 5 to 4 years. Conclusion: The process demonstrated that BSc curriculum review, in fact, should be thoroughly scrutinized to encourage positive changes to the curriculum, provide opportunities for team building and the development of leadership skills and a whole-of course perspective on the curriculum.

Competency-based curriculum education in mental health nursing

Introduction: The essential problems in providing quality and safety services to patients, rapid changes in health care settings as well as information technology require educational revision. Competency-based curriculum focuses on set of skills that students should achieve. This study reviewed characteristics of competency-based curriculum in psychiatric nursing. Methods: A literature review about a competency-based curriculum in psychiatric mental health nursing was carried out by searching databases including Iran Medex, Iran Doc, and Pub Med with key words such as competency-based education, competency-based curriculum, and competency-based curriculum in psychiatric mental health nursing. No time limitation was considered. Results: Results revealed that over 30 literatures have been done about nursing curriculum, but just several studies were done regarding competency-based curriculum and just a few about competency-based curriculum in psychiatric mental health nursing. Conclusion: Competency-based curriculum development is one of the essential steps to facilitate teaching-learning process. The revision of curriculum may decrease theory-practice gap and pave the way for graduates to have essential competences for their roles.

Research on School-based Curriculum Development Based on Manchu Cultural Inheritance in China

China is the country with pluralistic cultural background of 56 ethnic groups,Manchu is China’s second largest minority,the population is over 10 million.The history of Manchu can be traced back earliest to 7000 years ago,even so,there are not more than 100 Manchu people can speak the Manchu language,the inheritance and development of Manchu culture are in jeopardy.The article focused on how to educate Manchu culture to pupils in Manchu primary school,especially in Manchu schoolbased curriculum,exploring the present situation and effective ways of the development of Manchu school-based curriculum.

An innovative approach of using online problem‑based learning and case‑based learning in teaching disaster nursing during the COVID‑19 pandemic

Objective:The objective of this study is to evaluate the learning experience effect of online problem‑based learning(PBL)and case‑based learning(CBL)in teaching disaster nursing.Methods:According to the characteristics of online PBL and CBL,the revised curriculum experience questionnaire(CEQ)was used to evaluate the teaching quality.Cronbach’s coefficient and the reliability of the split‑half reliability questionnaire were calculated.The exploratory factor analysis of 26 items was carried out by principal component analysis and maximum variance rotation method.Kaiser‑Meyer‑Olkin(KMO)and Bartlett’s tests were used to test the validity of the questionnaire.The comparison between groups was performed by one‑way analysis of variance.Results:A total of 191 questionnaires were issued and 183 copies were recovered,with a recovery rate of 95.8%.The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of CEQ is 0.929,and the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of each dimension is between 0.713 and 0.924.After factor analysis,the KMO value was 0.817.The 26 items finally returned to 6 principal components,and all factor load values were above 0.7,indicating good factor analysis effect.This study found that students who learned disaster nursing had an ideal online learning experience,and the average value of CEQ was 3.74±0.42.In particular,male students,senior students or medical students had a higher curriculum experience score.In addition,compared with the national recruitment,the international students have higher curriculum experience score on the dimension of Appropriate Assessment Scale,indicating that the international students are more inclined to use online PBL and CBL.Conclusions:Using the revised CEQ is an innovative approach to evaluate the effect of online PBL and CBL in teaching disaster nursing,which can improve students’experience and curriculum quality.

Is There an Improvement in Patient Survival/Code Blue Activation after Training Based on Simulation (Basic Life Support—BLS) Based Practice of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation?

Background and Aim: The only way to survive a sudden cardiac arrest is when the CPR is performed immediately after the arrest. The focus of the present research study is to assess the effectiveness of a pre- and post-simulation-based BLS training (BLS) and the outcome was measured on the basis of patient survival after the cardiac arrest. Study Design: This pre- and post-training BLS/CPR training study enrolled all nursing staff, all hospital residents, internees, throughout the hospital in a simulation-based BLS training as per the standards of American Heart Association (AHA), to make them respond to immediate resuscitation and code blue activation during the cardiac arrest within the hospital premises including ED, wards, ICUs, MRI, CT and all miscellaneous areas. The providers completed self-efficacy questionnaires as per the AHA protocol before being certified and were evaluated during the emergency in hospital cardiopulmonary arrest. Results: 296 nursing staff, 206 non-healthcare professionals, 143 residents, 212 internees, and 98 medical staff grade doctors completed the BLS training (total 955 hospital staff—providers) were graded for the response by pre- and post-training testing. In the course of pre-BLS training period out of the 250 cardiac arrest patients, 68 patients (27.2%) had ROSC, while after instituting the BLS training period, 143 individuals (40.86%) of the 350 patients who had cardiac arrest had ROSC (p < 0.05). Conclusion: A simulation-based CPR and BLS training curriculum greatly improves patient outcome by reducing mortality and morbidity with improved subjectivity, self-efficiency along with the objective assessment of the performance scores during acute cardiac arrest in Emergency Cardiovascular Care (ECC).

APPLYING PROJECT BASED LEARNING IN AN UNDERGRADUATE DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION PROGRAM AT APPALACHIAN STATE UNIVERSITY

INTRODUCTION Project based learning(PBL)fully engages students in the subject area,promotes teamwork,transdisciplinary collaboration,allows student teams to engage and solve community design problems and can ultimately lead to broader student worldviews.PBL,however,presents significant curricular challenges,including project definition and meaningful student assessment.The authors began the process of exploring PBL through a National Science Foundation Transformation Undergraduate Education in Science,Technology,Engineering and Mathematics(TUES)award.The program was piloted for two semesters under the TUES award and has now completed its eighth semester overall operating as a special curricular track in parallel with an existing,traditional curricular program in Building Science.With four years of dedicated PBL program experience to inform their efforts,the authors are currently reworking the existing Building Science program curriculum to fully integrate a PBL capstone during the senior year while establishing a clear curricular path,creating a sound base of projects,and maintaining resource limits that include,but are not limited to,facilities,materials and personnel.In this paper,the authors discuss their successes and difficulties with imple-menting PBL in an undergraduate design and construction program by reviewing twelve years of both spontaneous and planned project based PBL experiences in an undergraduate design and construction program.

A Comparison Between the Teacher's Role in the Task-based Language Teaching and that in the Traditional Language Teaching

This paper talks about the different teacher's role between traditional language teaching and task-based language teaching. Atthe beginning we will compare the teacher's role in terms of language theory and language teaching theory. The traditional teaching ob-jective is teaching the grammar. The teacher is the guider of the grammar. In the new English curriculum syllabus, the teaching objectiveis to train students' communicative competence. The teacher is the organizer of the teaching. In the traditional language teaching proce-dure, the teacher is authority and dictator. In the task-based approach, the teacher is equal to the students. In the traditional languageteaching activities, the teaching activities are boring; the teacher is the leader of the class. In the task-based approach, the teacher is thearranger of the task also they are the helpers and cooperators of completing the task.

Curriculum critique and change paper on English curriculum for English major students in Chinese higher education

English-language schooling has become a focal point for the Chinese education sector,since English has become the communicative means for global political,cultural and economic exchanges.This new reality means that more is expected from tertiary-level English majors who become increasingly crucial as cross-cultural communicators.Considering the importance and popularity of English major programs,efforts relating to improvements in the existing 2000 Curriculum for English Major Chinese tertiary students Studies for Chinese universities are constantly being discussed.The Curriculum,in turn,attracts the attention of educators,as it is closely connected to teaching context,teaching method,evaluation of language programs,and so on.As such programs are never perfect and always require change and adaptation to changing contexts,what is needed is critique and innovation.This paper aims at analysing the existing 2000 Curriculum and putting forward some innovations and extrapolating the educative values of these reforms.The structure of the paper consists of four major sections.It begins with an evaluation of the existing 2000 Curriculum,both the positive and the problematic aspects of the program.The second section maps out three proposed innovations: Problem-Based Learning(PBL),Task-Based Language Teaching(TBLT) and the inclusion of Chinese cultural material.I then elaborate the advantages of the reform in contrast to the existing system.The final part of the paper extrapolates the various educative values of these reforms.

Investigation into the knowledge base of TEFL teachers in China

The key issues and challenges facing TEFL teachers in China with respect to prospective teacher preparation and professional development are discussed. Drawing upon earlier research on conceptual frameworks, the knowledge base of pre-service teachers is examined through research into the curriculums in TEFL education across diploma, undergraduate and postgraduate levels. A comparative study of the curriculum structures in the education of TEFL teachers reveals a number of key areas of concern： the main hindrance to the development of a stronger knowledge base of pre-service teachers lies in the serious shortage of pedagogical content knowledge, fundamental pedagogical knowledge that are currently available, as well as with the overall inadequacy of practicum hours. It strongly argues for the breadth versus depth in course design and calls for the imperative to reconceptualize the knowledge base of pre-service teachers.

OBE理念下自动化一流本科专业课程教学改革与实践

成果导向教育(OBE)的课程教学是一流专业建设和人才培养改革的本质。针对自动化专业课程教学改革的需求,该文通过修订课程教学大纲,明确课程目标、课程资源、教学内容和考核评价等,并采取“导、学、教、练、思、考、评”的多元化教学过程,提升学生解决复杂工程问题的能力。自动控制原理课程教学改革与实践表明,OBE理念是提升学生学习效果的有效途径,取得显著效果。

基于育人为先实践为重能力导向理念的病理学课程建设研究

当今大学生的创新实践能力培养一直是中国高等教育改革发展的战略主题。辽宁中医药大学病理学教学团队多年来坚持“立德树人、仁者仁心”的教育理念,坚持育人为先、实践为重、能力导向,不断更新教学理念、探索教学方法改革。在课程建设过程中,融合思政教育以提高人文素养,优化课程内容以强化实践能力,开展多元化教学模式以提高综合能力,构建了多元化病理学考核形式。

新课标中核心素养对“双基”“三维目标”的继承与超越

继承与超越是把握核心素养与“双基”“三维目标”关系的两个关键词。素养导向的新课标承认知识在教育中的基础性地位,各学科着重培育的核心素养普遍以中国学生发展核心素养为统率,以各学科知识和技能为基础。“三维目标”在拓展教育目标的全面性等方面超越“双基”,核心素养在将知识、技能、方法、情感等课程教学目标看作有机整体等方面进一步超越“双基”和“三维目标”,核心素养语境中的知识观和技能观在强调基于真实情境的应用与生成等方面较以往有了很大进步。聚焦核心素养,新时代课程教学改革应该在继承基础上超越,构建兼容“双基”与“三维目标”的核心素养结构模型,直观呈现三者的内在统一关系;合理定位聚焦核心素养的单元和课时教学目标,抓准教学设计的“牛鼻子”;基于多种教学方式的相辅相成培育核心素养,丰富课堂教学组织形式。

新工科背景下高校工程训练课程建设探索

针对高等工程教育存在“重技能、轻素养”问题,结合新工科建设培养目标,将课程思政教学理念融入工程训练课程建设,制定机械类专业课程培养方案。结合基于学习产出的教育模式(OBE),通过构建面向未来能力需求的工程训练培养体系,面向知识、能力、素养的课堂教育方式,建立更加科学全面的工程训练课程评价体系,以及提高教师工程训练教学的胜任力四个方面进行工程训练课程体系建设,以期为国家培养出技术能力与非技术能力兼备的复合型人才。

OBE理念融入课程思政构建基础医学总论的效果初探

基于社会需求以培养德才兼备的医学生为成果导向教育(outcome-based education,OBE)融入课程思政构建基础医学总论提供了基础。基础医学总论是内蒙古医科大学五年制临床医学专业卓越医师教改班开设的第一门基础医学课程,具有学时多,教学内容多且不系统,课程难度大的特性。以线上和线下教学平台为载体,基于OBE理念融入课程思政以调整教学方法和手段,为国家培养能肩负“健康所系、性命相托”职责的医学人才,使医学生既具有精湛的医技,还具有“敬畏生命、仁爱至善、坚韧尚行”的医者精神。基于OBE理念融入课程思政构建基础医学总论,克服了学生的学习畏难情绪,增强了教学效果,利于培养德才兼备的医学生。本研究可为今后医学课程教学改革提供参考。

课程思政视域下校企合作教学案例库建设研究——以鲁东大学土木水利专业硕士课程教学为例

案例教学法是培养工程领域高素质创新型人才的有效途径,土木水利专业硕士研究生工程实践能力的提升亟需建立完善的教学案例库。本文研究了课程思政视域下土木水利专业硕士(土木工程领域)校企合作教学案例库建设,主要包括案例库的总体框架、案例库主题方向和素材来源、案例库共享机制等内容,旨在为土木水利专业硕士相关课程案例库的建设提供理论思路和实践指导。

项目化任务型课程改革研究与实践——以高职核心专业课程“钻井工程”为例

课程建设与改革是提高教学质量的核心,也是教学改革的重难点。依托石油工程国家实训基地对高职石油工程专业核心课程“钻井工程”进行项目化任务型课程改革与实践,通过课程的项目化设计与实施,以及全方位、多维度的考核评价,学生的能力和素质得到全方位提升。从课堂反馈和调研结果看,项目化任务型课程改革显著提升了学生的学习兴趣和学习主动性,有效培养了学生的实践操作技能和沟通协作能力,提升了学生对课程的掌握度,为学生未来在油气钻井领域发展夯实了基础。

土力学教学中思政元素的有机融入

高校专业课程中应融入思政元素,实现协同育人。但是如何在专业课中有机融入思政元素,达到“如花在春”“润物无声”的效果,仍然需要进一步探索研究。本文以土力学专业课为例,在教学目标中增加了思政目标,从专业、行业、国家、国际、文化、历史等角度深入挖掘专业知识中蕴含的思政元素,在教学案例中有机融入。这样由面到点、层层深入地剖析了从传统专业课到课程思政的实现途径,并结合自身的课程思政教学经历,提出了修身、建库、研讨等提升教师课程思政教学能力的方法。

课程思政融入《口腔解剖生理学》教学中的改革与探索

要想实现“立德树人”教育根本任务,各类课程与思想政治理论课应同向同行,形成协同效应。《口腔解剖生理学》为口腔医学其他专业基础课和专业临床课奠定了必要的形态学基础,在本课程的教学过程中,思政教育是课程体系的重要环节。如何在《口腔解剖生理学》教学中挖掘和表达思政元素,推动课程思政的实施,是本课程思政建设的方向和重点。本篇是在将课程思政融入《口腔解剖生理学》教学,寻求具有湘雅口腔医学特色的“思政教育体系”,旨在探讨在《口腔解剖生理学》课堂思政中获得的经验与体会。

成果导向教育背景下化工原理教学改革与实践

化工原理是化工类及相关专业的核心专业基础课,对于夯实化工创新人才的专业基础知识,培养学生工程能力和激发科技强国意识至关重要。然而,该课程长期以来的教育理念和教学方法滞后于行业发展变化和社会对高素质工程技术人才的需求。为此,该课程改革紧扣专业人才培养方案,以成果导向教育理念进行教学设计,构建基于“雨课堂+BOPPPS”的有效教学模型。通过重组教学内容、构建思维导图,拓展教学资源和教学平台,改革课程评价机制,全方位融入课程思政,教学效果得到极大提升,实现从教学到教育的转变路径。

基于OBE理念的机械装备设计课程思政教学与实践

为培养符合就业市场需求,具有较强机械装备设计知识和能力,爱国、诚信、勇于担当素质的新工科创新性人才,对机械装备设计课程内容与教学方法进行改革与实践。基于OBE理念将传统以加工制造装备为主的教学内容拓宽到不同行业领域,设计典型机械装备案例并融入思政元素;利用图片、视频等资源与学生展开交流与互动,充分发挥学生的主动性;指导学生针对实际生产问题提出机械装备设计目标,自由成组开展创新设计;构建综合考勤、作业、讨论,及小组设计成果师生评价结果的考核方法。实践结果表明,机械装备设计课程教学在各毕业要求指标点达成度评价超过0.89,达到了课程的建设目标。