Discussion on Social Governance Mode under New Normal Concept

"New Normal"is the basic transition modality existing in the Chinese society to the historical development stage and the new normal mode has special pattern of manifestation in political,economic,cultural,social,legal and military fields.Recognizing,adapting to and leading new normal should become the basic content in the work of the party and the country in the coming period.

Heterogeneous responsibilities of three grassland resource governance modes in Inner Mongolia, China

Grassland resource governance is an important part of ecological civilization construction,and it directly af‐fects grassland governance performance.This study deploys principal-agent theory and uses social network analysis to compare grassland resource governance modes in China in terms of institutional settings and insti‐tutional network characteristics.This study found three types of grassland resource governance modes:self-designed,docked,and integrated.The self-designed mode forms a network structure with dual centers and multiple members,and has the second-best structural mode of the three types.The docked mode forms a net‐work structure with a single center in which the institution is the absolute core and is relatively divergent.It has the weakest structural advantage of the three types.The integrated mode forms a network structure with a single institution at the core and other institutions distributed evenly throughout the structure.This mode has the strongest structural advantage among the three types.This study offers the practical application of improv‐ing the practice of grassland governance in China and is theoretically significant because it can contribute to improving grassland governance modes and enriching the public goods resources governance.

Analysis on the Development Trend of Contemporary Local Governance Mode from the perspective of Economic Policy and Environmental Capacity Optimization

As the basic level of national governance, local governance is deeply influenced by administrative tradition, political system and economic development level of a country. With more than thirty years of reform and opening up, the pattern of local governance has become diversified. The diversity of governance model cannot be managed in the same way, however, it cannot affect the government’s ability to play the initiative role of governance. We need to innovate and improve the existing local governance models.

Research on Management Mode of Small-scale Irrigation Works for Farmland Based on Self-governance

The paper analyzes the practical use of management mode of small-scale farmland irrigation works in China,and studies various problems existing in the present management mode.It puts forward a mode named Water-consumer Association which is the most practical one at present.It points out some rules which must be mastered in solving problems appearing in using this mode.

Current Situation and Mode of Talent Training in Marine Cultural Industry Based on Collaborative Innovation of Governments,Enterprises,Colleges,Scientific Institutions and Users

Based on the present situation of talent training in marine cultural industry,the collaborative innovation mechanism of governments,enterprises,colleges,scientific institutions and users was used to construct the mode of talent training in marine cultural industry. It is needed to give full play to the active roles of governments,enterprises,colleges,scientific institutions and users in the training of marine cultural talents,develop training mode of innovative scientific and technological talents,speed up the construction of collaborative innovation ability of marine cultural talents,and improve the efficiency of talent training.

The Establishment of the Innovative and Practical Teaching Mode for Architecture Majors with the Help of “Schools-Enterprises-Governments-Research Institutions”

This paper focuses on the establishment of the teaching mode of innovative and practical architectural professionals, which is assisted by colleges and universities, enterprises, governments and research institutions. This paper believes that through the reform of the teaching mode, we can solve the problems such as the ivory-towered teaching of architecture in colleges and universities, the superficial teaching contents, inadequate teaching staff, students' poor innovation practice ability and tight professional funds. It is expected that this paper can provide assistance for architecture majors in the guidance of innovative ideas, the building of practical ability, and the establishment of knowledge system.

Terminal Sliding Mode Controllers for Hydraulic Turbine Governing System with Bifurcated Penstocks under Input Saturation

Terminal sliding mode controller method is introduced to enhance the regulation performance of the hydraulic turbine governing system(HTGS).For the purpose of describing the characteristics of controlled system and deducing the control rule,a nonlinear mathematic model of hydraulic turbine governing system with bifurcated penstocks(HTGSBF)under control input saturation is established,and the input/output state linearization feedback approach is used to obtain the relationship between turbine speed and controller output.To address the control input saturation problem,an adaptive assistant system is designed to compensate for controller truncation.Numerical simulations have been conducted under fixed point stabilization and periodic orbit tracking conditions to compare the dynamic performances of proposed terminal sliding mode controllers and conventional sliding mode controller.The results indicate that the proposed terminal sliding mode controllers not only have a faster response and accurate tracking results,but also own a stronger robustness to the system parameter variations.Moreover,the comparisons between the proposed terminal sliding mode controllers and current most often used proportional-integral-differential(PID)controller,as well its variant NPID controller,are discussed at the end of this paper,where the superiority of the terminal sliding mode controllers also have been verified.

Applying Fuzzy Rule-Based System on FMEA to Assess the Risks on Project-Based Software Engineering Education

Project-based learning has been in widespread use in education. However, project managers are unaware of the students’ lack of experience and treat them as if they were professional staff. This paper proposes the application of a fuzzy failure mode and effects analysis model for project-based software engineering education. This method integrates the fuzzy rule-based system with learning agents. The agents construct the membership function from historical data. Data are processed by a clustering process that facilitates the construction of the membership function. It helps students who lack experience in risk assessment to develop their expertise in that skill. The paper also suggests a classification technique for a fuzzy rule-based system that can be used to judge risk based on a fuzzy inference system. The student project will thus be further enhanced with respect to risk assessment. We then discuss the design of experiments to verify the proposed model.

Agricultural Development Mode Transformation and Government Functions in Guizhou Province

Based on the brief account of the connotation of transforming economic development pattern and government functions,the thesis will introduce the development status of agricultural economy in Guizhou Province:firstly,single agricultural industrial structure;secondly,large gap between urban and rural development;thirdly,low-level utilization of agricultural science and technology;fourthly,fierce contradiction between agricultural mode of production and ecological environment.Then it analyzes the basic requirements for government functions in transforming the development pattern of agricultural economy in Guizhou Province:the first one is the function to guide sustainable development and the structural adjustment of agricultural production;the second is the function to coordinate urban-rural development and equally supply basic public goods;the third is the function to input science and technology to serve agriculture;the fourth one is the dominant function to promote the harmonious development of man and nature as well as to reduce the number of peasants.In order to promote the transformation of agricultural development mode and maintain the sound and rapid economic development,some corresponding measures and suggestions are proposed from the perspective of government functions:firstly,promoting the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure;secondly,the government should take the lead in providing rural public goods;thirdly,strengthening the skills training and technological education of rural labor force;fourthly,reducing the number of farmers and retaining the farmers.

多中心产业共治的区域现代产业集群建设策略——以广东省精密仪器设备产业集群为例

在国际高端技术封锁日益严峻的新形势下,从任务解构的角度将区域现代产业集群建设进行分层任务细化尤为重要,且需要从目标需求导向的角度出发,针对具体分层任务明确多元治理主体的结构关系及对应主体的治理举措。基于现代产业体系的内涵特征提出区域现代产业集群建设逻辑,并基于多中心治理理论构建多中心产业共治建设区域现代产业集群的理论框架。研究认为,面向区域现代产业集群建设的战略层、发展层、支撑层等五大分层建设任务,政府部门、企业、科研机构、行业协会与服务机构等多元主体通过自发互动博弈,形成分类主导的多中心产业共治模式。为进一步阐述及试验理论,以广东省精密仪器设备产业集群主导咨询机构的集群治理为实践案例,认为其存在多中心联动的积极性和共治模式均有待加强的问题,且关键核心技术短缺问题较为突出。针对此,提出健全多中心联动协调工作机制、政企双中心共治提升产业安全度、多维支撑中心有序推进关键核心技术攻关、政府牵引多中心集聚融通、数字治理创新助推区域产业集群智慧建设等共治效能提升的建议。

势能下沉与动能转化:党建引领乡村治理的实践图景——一项质性元分析

党建引领乡村治理是推进乡村治理现代化的重要议题。运用质性元分析法,系统描绘了党建引领乡村治理的实践图景。研究发现,基层党建通过“政治势能下沉”与“政治动能转化”两条路径,为乡村治理提供了“弥散性支持”和“嵌入性支持”。这两条路径相互交织、相互影响,形成了四种党建引领乡村治理形态:权威式治理、嵌入式治理、复合式治理和简约治理,在不同地域的乡村中发挥着重要作用。每种形态的治理成本不同,都有其优势和局限性,因此并不存在普遍适用的“最优”治理模式。在乡村治理实践中,党建引领的方式应根据具体情境进行灵活调整。这是不断进行动态优化的过程,以适应不同时空背景下的实际需求。

知识生产模式转型下我国大学学科治理现代化的行动路径

学科是知识生产累积制度化的产物,学科治理是以科学善治促进知识发展的过程,学科治理现代化是我国大学治理的根本,高等教育治理体系和治理能力现代化最终要落到大学学科治理现代化。知识生产模式经历了从宗教化知识生产模式到科学知识生产模式1、再到社会弥散式知识生产模式2、再到协同创新的知识生产模式3的变革,大学学科治理主体由单一走向多元、文化由封闭走向开放、结构由线性走向扁平、方式由权威走向协商、资源配置由内部走向全球的新趋势,契合了学科治理现代化的要求。但我国大学学科治理现代化仍存在着学科治理定位不清、权力越界、价值冲突、生态失衡等问题,需要重塑学科学术理性,激发治理内生动力;推进多元主体协商共治,重构学科治理结构;打破学科壁垒,构建和谐共生生态系统;探索数字化治理,提升学科治理效能。

从“线性”到“复合”:我国农家书屋的供给模式转向

文章基于复合治理理论,围绕主体、空间、资源、工具、客体5个核心要素,结合线性供给模式下农家书屋面临的供给困境,构建主体结构多元合作、空间功能深度融合、资源供需高效匹配、工具组合灵活运用、供给客体精准识别的我国农家书屋复合供给模式,并提出相应的实现路径,即加强多元主体间的交流与合作,拓展农家书屋空间功能,促进资源供需精准对接,协调工具传承与创新的关系,实现服务共性与客体个性的有机结合。

社区治理方式对居民垃圾分类行为的影响机制及分异效应

居民生活垃圾分类是生态文明建设的重要方式,也是实现碳达峰碳中和的重要途径之一。社区是推动居民垃圾分类和生活方式绿色转型的关键场域。基于“2019年上海居民垃圾分类行为”调查数据,运用结构方程模型,探究不同社区治理方式对居民垃圾分类行为的影响路径。研究发现:社会性治理方式对垃圾分类行为产生直接效应,并通过社区参与意愿、网络参与意愿对垃圾分类行为产生间接效应。房价和房龄调节了社会性治理方式对居民垃圾分类行为的影响效应,呈现了“熟人社区”“陌生人社区”和“半熟人社区”社区分异效应,形塑了“弱动员、强参与”“强动员、强参与”“强动员、弱参与”的多元主体行动逻辑。该研究能够为构建因地制宜、社区多元共建、共治、共享的垃圾分类实施政策,有效引导社区居民绿色低碳行为,促进社区生活垃圾减量化、资源化提供借鉴和政策参考。

“工具-过程-主体”视角下中国湿地保护法律政策文本分析与评价

法律政策文本是国家治理目标、价值、内容和影响的集中体现,其中,工具-过程-主体是三个重要的变量。湿地在中国具有独特的生态价值和生态地位,现有研究尚未对湿地法律政策文本和工具做出全面、立体和深入的研究。因此,该研究借助法律政策文本的内容分析和Nvivo12研究工具,构建“工具-过程-主体”三维框架模型,对国家层面颁布施行的100个湿地保护法律政策文本进行计量分析。研究发现,中国湿地法律政策经历了启蒙、发展可持续、可持续发展和绿色发展全面展开四个变迁阶段。根据三维框架和历时性分析得出,中国湿地法律政策呈现的稳定的知识结构在于:工具选择与多元共治模式均表现出依赖政府主导的特征,整体呈现出对更深层次的矛盾关注不足、湿地系统治理监管的全局性不够等问题。针对当前存在的问题,结合中国湿地保护实践和制度嵌入理论,提出了湿地保护工具策略组合和治理结构改善建议:①遵循湿地法律政策演变规律,通过推进自然资源确权、完善生态补偿机制和细化绿色金融工具制度设计,进一步优化湿地绿色发展市场机制;②均衡湿地工具使用,在坚持命令控制型工具主导的前提下,注重新型经济激励工具和社区共建型公众参与工具的运用,迈向多方参与的湿地治理;③注重源头、过程控制,通过转变治理理念,树立湿地风险动态分期应对思想,加强全过程风险控制制度衔接,构建湿地环境分期、分级系统监管模式。

面向产业协同应急恢复的智慧情报服务模式研究——以“韧性治理”为研究视角

[目的/意义]在复杂国际形势背景下,产业危机情境和次生危机事件频发,我国产业正逐渐陷入外部不正当国际竞争导致的发展囹圄之中。产业危机事件发生后的协同应急恢复成为避免产业次生危机、保障产业永续健康发展的重要环节。因此,面向产业危机事件协同应急恢复的智慧情报服务成为研究重点。[方法/过程]文章以“韧性治理”理论为研究视角,首先明确了产业协同应急恢复阶段的智慧情报服务需求,分析韧性治理理论与产业协同应急恢复智慧情报服务的适切性;其次,基于韧性治理理论,从韧性技术、韧性组织和韧性环境三个维度入手,构建产业协同应急恢复阶段的智慧情报服务模式;最后,以我国半导体产业为例,阐释该模式的运行流程,分析该模式的价值。[结果/结论]文章系统性地提出产业协同应急恢复阶段的智慧情报服务需求,构建产业协同应急恢复阶段的智慧情报服务模式,明确其运行流程,利用Vensim进行系统动力学仿真,验证该模式的有效性并进行敏感性分析,剖析该模式的实际价值,为我国产业面对危机事件的处置、恢复及治理提供了智慧情报服务模式的支持,为产业链与创新链融合创造基础。

秦创原创新驱动平台的构建模式及运行机制研究

创新平台的构建及有效运行是创新生态系统建设的重要环节,其对区域经济发展、构建创新体系具有重要的促进作用。采用纵向单案例研究方法,以陕西省新兴的秦创原创新驱动平台为例,探讨其构建模式、运行机制及建设经验,研究发现:秦创原创新驱动平台的四阶段构建模式分别为初创期的聚集要素模式、整合期的整合资源模式、拓展期的搭建创新网络模式及成熟期的培育创新生态系统模式。秦创原的主要运行机制分别为政府主导机制、协同创新机制、技术驱动机制及数字化治理机制。研究成果为我国创新平台、创新生态系统的建设及发展提供参考。

数字平台生态系统治理——理论逻辑、行动框架与模式划分

数字平台生态系统的持续发展取决于其平台架构设计和治理规则的有效匹配。基于平台的治理规则和治理架构之间的动态镜像关系,从理论逻辑、行动框架和模式划分等方面对数字平台生态系统治理进行分析,结果发现:首先,数字平台生态系统治理是平台所有者基于治理架构设计创建规则来管理平台参与者的一系列活动组合。在治理过程中,治理主体主要面临着决策权集中与分散的平衡、平台边界开放与封闭的取舍两个关键问题;其次,治理主体、治理目标、治理架构和治理规则是数字平台生态系统治理的四个基本要素,四者相互作用共同组成实现数字平台生态系统可持续性的行动框架;最后,基于平台决策权分散还是集中,以及平台边界是封闭还是开放两个维度,数字平台生态系统治理可以划分为专断型治理、引导型治理、合约型治理和自由型治理四类模式。

协同联动:反家暴治理效能提升的逻辑与进路

预防和消除家庭暴力是防止衍生棘手社会问题,维护人格权益、社会文明、社会安定的必然要求。由于涉及的协同主体较多和部分受害者的落后思想观念,尽管已经进行了许多创新,但仍存在案件发现难、治理主体单一、协同效率不高、处置效率低等问题。借鉴国外以及国内反家暴联动干预机制的做法,考察并检视国内家庭暴力防治实践,提出反家暴联动机制的优化路径:健全协同治理制度、构建“秦家护e线上平台”或小程序、完善社会支持网络和联动机制、建立受暴者治疗和施暴者矫治中心、提供保护性与支持性的社工服务、创新反家暴社会工作宣传。