Effect of Chinese Herbs for Activating Blood Circulation,Removing Stasis and Supplementing Qi on the Circulating Endothelial Cells in Patients with Unstable Angina Pectoris

Objective: To observe the effect and clinical significance of circulating endothelial cells (CEC) in the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease with unstable angina pectoris (CHD-UAP), and to explore the protective effect of Chinese herbs for activating blood circulation, removing stasis and supplementing Qi (CH) on CHD-UAP patient's CEC. Methods: Sixty patients with diagnosis of CHD-UAP confirmed and differentiated to be Qi-deficiency and blood stasis by TCM were randomly divided into two groups and treated, on the basis of Western drug-therapy, with Tongxinluo capsule (通心络胶囊, TXL) and Huoxue Tongmai capsule (活血通脉胶囊, HXTM) respectively by way of oral taking three times a day, 3 capsules every time, with 1 month as one therapeutic course. The number of CEC in patients' blood circulation was counted before and after treatment. Besides, the number of CEC in 30 healthy persons was also counted for control. Results: The number of CEC in CHD-UAP patients was significantly higher than that in the healthy persons (P<0.01). After the patients were treated with CH, either TXL or HXTM, it significantly decreased (P<0.01)with insignificant difference between the two treated groups. Conclusion: CEC in CHD-UAP patients is severely damaged and endothelial function in disorder, Chinese herbs have protective effect on patients' CEC.

Research Progress and Research Ideas on Anti-hepatic Fibrosis and Promoting Blood Circulation and Removing Blood Stasis of the National Drug Plumbapin Based on TLR4 Signal Pathway

Hepatic fibrosis is a reversible pathological phenomenon in the early and middle stages,but but no satisfactory intervention drugs have been available so far.Recent studies have suggested that microcirculation disturbance of liver is one of the important pathogenesis of chronic liver disease,the improvement of microcirculation is beneficial to the recovery of liver function and the delay of liver fibrosis.Hepatic stellate cells are the core cells of hepatic fibrosis,and also the most critical cells that affect the microcirculation of the liver.While TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB and TLR4/MyD88/MAPKs which are based on the action of hepatic stellate cells are two pathways that have very important influence on the inflammatory response of liver,the proliferation and apoptosis of hepatic stellate cells,and the secretion of fibrogenic cytokines.It was found that Plumbapin,the active ingredient of Guangxi specialty ethnic medicine,has the definite effect of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis and anti-hepatic fibrosis,but its mechanism is not clear.In this study,the research progress of the above problems was reviewed,and further research ideas were derived as follows:the pharmacological effect of Plumbapin on anti-hepatic fibrosis,promoting blood circulation and removing stasis was based on the influence of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB and MAPKs signal pathway.

Clinical Observation on Influence of Chinese Medicines for Promoting Blood Circulation to Remove Blood Stasis on FIB and DD in Plasma of Patients with Cerebral Thrombosis

to study the influence of Chinese medicines for promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis on fibrinogen(FIB)and D-dimer(DD)in plasma of patients with cerebral thrombosis. Method:73 inpatients with acute cerebral thrombosis were randomly divided into a control group of 34 cases and a treatment group of 39 cases.The content of FIB and DD in plasma was detected before treatment and on the 7th and 14th days after treatment.Result:FIB content in plasma after treatment was lower than that before treatment in the control group(P<0.01)and more remarkable in the treatment group(P<0.001).There was an obvious difference in DD content before and after treatment in both groups.DD content on the 7th and 14th days after treatment in the treatment group was obviously higher than that in the control group(P<0.01 and P<0.05 respectively). Conclusion:Chinese medicines for promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis can reduce the FIB content in plasma of patients with cerebral thrombosis,raise the DD content in plasma, cause the peak of DD content appear earlier and obviously improve hypercoagulability of blood in patients with cerebral thrombosis.

Revealing the material basis of MMP9-mediated activating blood and removing blood stasis drugs on Danshen-Ligusticum chuanxiong anti- vascular effect

Objective:Reveal the material basis and mechanism of angiogenesis effect of Danshen-chuanxiong herb-partners.Methods:The effective components of Danshen and chuanxiong were searched in the TCM System Pharmacology Database(TCMSP),and the drug targets were searched in the Swiss Target Prediction database;in the Disease-Gene Database(DisGeNET))Search for angiogenesis-promoting and inhibiting angiogenesis targets;use the protein interaction database(STRING)database and Cytoscape software to analyze the network core targets;use the DAVID database to enrich the drug-disease target intersection for GO and KEGG;RT-qPCR experiments verified the effect of luteolin on MMP9 gene expression;in vitro tube formation experiments analyzed the effect of luteolin on endothelial cell neovascularization.Results:After analysis,it is concluded that Danshen has 10 active ingredients and 50 angiogenesis targets;Chuanxiong has 2 active ingredients and 4 angiogenesis targets.The intersection of drug-taking targets yielded 9 targets,including AR,PARP1,MMP9,MMP2,MMP12,AKR1B10,ABCC1,CDK6,and STAT3.After analyzing the active ingredient-target network graph of Danshen/Chuanxiong,it was concluded that luteolin is the key chemical ingredient.After protein interaction(PPI)analysis,the results showed that MMP9 is the core target.The KEGG pathway is mainly enriched in 5 signaling pathways,the most important pathway is cancer-related pathways.There are 22 main biological processes of GO,which mainly involve collagen catabolism,protein extracellular matrix,metal endopeptidase activity,etc.The preliminary analysis of tubule formation experiment shows that luteolin inhibits angiogenesis and down-regulates the expression of MMP9 gene.Conclusion:Luteolin,the key chemical component of the Danshen-Ligusticum chuanxiong drug pair,inhibits angiogenesis by regulating the MMP9 target,and develops the reverse regulation of angiogenesis for the traditional Chinese medicine for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis on the basis of the known treatment of ischemic diseases.Provide a new perspective and theoretical basis for the use of Danshen and Chuanxiong medicine in clinical cancer patients.Reveal the material basis and mechanism of angiogenesis effect of Danshen-chuanxiong herb-partners.

Treatment of Hypertensive Cerebral Hemorrhage by Activating Blood Circulation to Remove Stasis

The treatment of hy-pertensive cerebral hemorrhage(HCH)by activatingblood circulation to removestasis(ABCRS)is a newtherapeutic approach,which is initiated by clinical specialists of TCM andintegrative Chinese andwestern medicine.Al-though it is not a flawless

Clinical Experience in the Treatment of Vitiligo by the Method of Invigorating Qi,Promoting Blood Circulation and Detoxification

Studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicines have clear curative effects in the treatment of vitiligo with few side effects.Through literature research and clinical observation,the study summarized the etiology and pathogenesis of vitiligo in traditional Chinese medicine as"deficiency,toxin,and stasis",formulated the method of invigorating qi,promoting blood circulation and detoxification,and prescribed Fuse Hexue Jiawei Decoction for the treatment of vitiligo.

Research Progress in Chinese Medicine Preparations for Promoting Blood Circulation and Removing Blood Stasis for Cirrhotic Patients with Portal Vein Thrombosis Following Splenectomy

This article presented an overview of the therapeutic effects of Chinese medicine(CM)preparations for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis for patients with portal vein thrombosis(PVT)after splenectomy.Based on published clinical researches of CM preparations for PVT after splenectomy in patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension(CPH),this paper evaluated the incidence of PVT,and explored potential active components and mechanisms of CM preparations.Safflower Yellow Injection,Danshen Injection,Danhong Injection,and Compound Danshen Dropping Pill achieved good curative effect alone or combined with anticoagulant therapy.In addition,Compound Biejia Ruangan Tablet and Anluo Huaxian Pill can also significantly improve the hemodynamic disorders of portal vein system in patients with cirrhosis.Considering the role of CM preparations in ameliorating the incidence of PVT after splenectomy in patients with CPH,we suggested that future research should provide more attention to CM alone or CM combined with anticoagulant for cirrhosis with PVT.

Exploration of the Effect and Mechanism of Activating Blood Circulation and Stasis-Removing Therapy on Tumor Metastasis

Metastasis is one of the specificities of late stage tumor and also a lethal factor often encountered. The study of tumor metastasis has important meaning for prolonging patients＇ survival and elevating their quality of life, but no really ideal prevention and treatment method has been found so far. Recent researches showed that tumor metastasis is correlated with platelet aggregation and blood hyperviscosity manner. Therefore, the early application of surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and biological therapies, in combination with Chinese medicine therapy for activating blood circulation and removing stasis （ABCRS） may be, after all, an effective approach. ABCRS therapy is an important therapy of Chinese medicine, which, composed of several methods like smoothening blood flow in vessels, promoting blood circulation and dispersing stagnant blood, could influence tumor metastasis to different extents, and could coordinate with some other Chinese medicine therapeutic methods like supplementing qi, promoting qi, clearing heat, removing toxic substances, warming meridian, dispelling wind, eliminating dampness, nourishing yin, dissolving sputum, relieving stagnancy, emptying viscerals, etc. The effect and acting mechanism of ABCRS on tumor metastasis is summarized in this paper and its bi-directional regulatory effects discussed as well.

Efficacy and safety of activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis of Traditional Chinese Medicine for managing renal fibrosis in patients with chronic kidney disease:a systematic review and Meta-analysis

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis in terms of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) for managing renal fibrosis(RF) in patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD).METHODS:We searched randomized controlled trials(RCTs) from eight databases.RESULTS:Sixteen eligible studies with 1,356 participants were included in this study.Compared to treatment with Western Medicine(WM) alone,the combined treatment with activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis in terms of TCM(ARTCM) and WM to manage RF in patients with CKD significantly ameliorated type Ⅳ collagen(C-Ⅳ)(SMD:-2.17,95% CI:3.01 to-1.34),type Ⅲ procollagen(PC-Ⅲ)(SMD:-1.08,95% CI:-1.64 to-0.53),laminin(LN)(SMD:-1.28,95% CI:-1.65 to-0.90),transforming growth factor β 1(TGF-β1)(SMD:-0.65,95% CI:-1.18 to-0.12),serum creatinine(Scr)(SMD:-1.36,95% CI:-1.85 to-0.87),blood urea nitrogen(BUN)(MD:-1.51,95% CI:-2.59 to-0.43),and 24 h urine protein(24h Upro)(SMD:-1.23;95% CI:-1.96 to-0.50).The level of hyaluronic acid(HA) was similar in both types of treatment(SMD:-0.74,95% CI:-1.91 to 0.44).The subgroup analysis showed that the duration of 8 weeks might affect the concentration of C-Ⅳ,PC-Ⅲ,and LN(P < 0.05).The effectiveness of the longer duration to C-Ⅳ,PC-Ⅲ,and LN was not certain.However,the result should be interpreted in care.The safety of the treatment using ARTCM and WM could not be evaluated because a few studies had reported adverse effects.The results of the Meta-analysis were not stable enough.There was publication bias for the reports on Scr(P = 0.001),C-Ⅳ(P = 0.001),PC-Ⅲ(P = 0.026),and LN(P = 0.030) and no publication bias for the reports on BUN(P = 0.293).The quality of evidence varied from low to very low.CONCLUSIONS:The combined treatment using ARTCM and WM to manage RF in patients with CKD has some advantages over treatment with WM alone.High-quality RCTs need to be conducted for the strong support.

Activating Blood Circulation to Remove Stasis Treatment of Hypertensive Intracerebral Hemorrhage:A Multi-Center Prospective Randomized Open-Label Blinded-Endpoint Trial

Objective： To investigate the efficacy and safety of the Chinese herbal therapeutic regimen of activating blood circulation （TRABC） in treatment of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage （HICH）. Methods： This was a multi-center prospective randomized open-label blinded-endpoint （PROBE） trial with HICH admitted to 12 hospitals. Totally 240 participants were randomized to the treatment group treated with TRABC in addition to conventional Western treatment or the control group with conventional Western treatment equally for 3 months. Primary outcome was degree of disability as measured by modified Rankin Scale （mRS）. Secondary outcomes were the absorption of hematoma and edema, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale （NIHSS） scores and patient-reported outcome measures for stroke and Barthel activities of daily living index. Adverse events and mortality were also recorded. Results： After 3 months of treatment, the rate of mRS 0-1 and mRS 0-2 in the treatment group was 72.5% and 80.4%, respectively, and in the control group 48.1% and 63.9%, respectively, with a significant difference between groups （P〈0.01）. Hematoma volume decreased significantly at day 7 of treatment in the treatment group than the control group （P=0.038）. Average Barthel scores in the treatment group after treatment was 89.11 ＋ 19.93, and in the control group 82.18 ＋ 24.02 （P=0.003）. NIHSS scores of the two groups after treatment decreased significantly compared with before treatment （P=0.001）. Patient-reported outcomes in the treatment group were lower than the control group at day 21 and 3 months of treatment （P〈0.05）. There were 4 deaths, 2 in each group, and 11 adverse events, 6 in the treatment group and 5 in the control group. Conclusion： The integrative therapy combined TRABC with conventional Western treatment for HICH could promote hematoma absorption thus minimize neurologic impairment, without increasing intracerebral hematoma expansion and re-bleeding.

Effect on platelet aggregation activity: extracts from 31 Traditional Chinese Medicines with the property of activating blood and resolving stasis

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the anti-platelet aggregation effects of extracts from 31 Traditional Chinese Medicines(TCM) with the property of activating blood and resolving stasis in terms of TCM theory.METHODS: The 31 TCMs extracts were prepared using water, 90% ethanol and ethyl acetate., and the effects on anti-platelet aggregation were tested on a platelet aggregation analyzer in vitro with adenosine 5'-diphosphate, bovine thrombin and arachi-donic acid(AA) as aggregation inducers, respectively. Aspirin was the positive control.RESULTS: Lots of the tested TCMs had inhibitory effects with concentration-dependent manner on platelet aggregations induced by various agonists.Especially, some of the TCMs such as Chuanxiong(Rhizoma Chuanxiong), Yanhusuo(Rhizoma Corydalis Yanhusuo) and Danshen(Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae) showed good anti-platelet aggregation effect similar or higher than that in positive control group.CONCLUSION: The study provided scientific references that several TCMs such as Chuanxiong(Rhizoma Chuanxiong), Yanhusuo(Rhizoma Corydalis Yanhusuo) and Danshen(Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae),possess the property of anti-platelet aggregation.

Summary of 32 Patients with Cardiac Syndrome X Treated by TCM Therapy of Regulating Qi Relieving Chest Stuffiness and Promoting Blood Circulation

Objective： To evaluate the clinical effect of Liqi Kuanxiong Huoxue method （宽胸活血,LKH, traditional Chinese medicine, TCM therapeutic method for regulating qi, relieving chest stuffiness and promoting blood circulation） in treating patients with cardiac syndrome X （CSX）. Methods： The prospective, non-randomized controlled study was conducted on 51 selected patients with CSX, who were non-randomly assigned to 2 groups, the treated group treated with LKH in addition to the conventional treatment （32 patients）, and the control group treated with conventional treatment （19 patients） like nitrate, diltiazem hydrochloride, etc. The treatment course was 14 days. The changes of such symptoms as angina pectoris, TCM syndrome and indexes of treadmill exercise test before and after treatment were observed. Results： After treatment, such symptoms as chest pain and stuffy feeling and palpitation in the treated group were improved more than those in the control group （P〈0.05）; the total effective rate on angina pectoris and TCM syndrome in the treated group was better than that in the control group （P〈0.05）. The treadmill exercise test showed that the maximal metabolic equivalent （Max MET）, the time of angina onset and ST segment depression by 0.1 mV were obviously improved after treatment in both groups, but the improvement in the treated group was better than that in the control group respectively （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： The LKH method could reduce the frequency of angina attacks and improve the clinical condition of patients with CSX.

Research Progress on the Pharmacological Mechanisms of Chinese Medicines that Tonify Qi and Activate Blood Against Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury(CIRI) refers to a pathological phenomenon that aggravates the injury after the restoration of blood perfusion and oxygen supply to the cerebral ischemia-induced tissues and organs, with a relatively high incidence. The traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) believes that Qi deficiency and blood stasis are the cause of CIRI. Therefore, Chinese medicine for tonifying Qi and activating blood is regarded as an important choice for the treatment of CIRI. In recent years, it has been found that many Chinese herbal medical ingredients and compound Chinese medicine(CCM) have significant anti-CIRI effects, and their mechanisms of action mainly include improving brain blood supply, neuroprotection, regulating signal pathways such as TLR4/HO-1/Bcl-2, protecting mitochondrial function, regulating related protein levels, and regulating oxidative molecule levels. This article summarizes and introduces the pharmacological mechanisms of Tonifying-Qi and activating-blood Chinese medicine and CCM which have the function of anti-CIRI. Our goal is to provide effective reference for further researches on the cerebral protection of related TCMs or compounds and their clinical application.

行气活血方治疗甲状腺癌全切术后甲状旁腺功能减退气滞血瘀证临床观察

目的探讨行气活血方对甲状腺癌全切术后甲状旁腺功能减退气滞血瘀证的临床疗效,希望探寻有效的预防及治疗方案。方法选取在山东中医药大学附属医院住院的甲状腺癌全切手术患者60例,随机分为试验组和对照组,各30例。对照组予常规补钙治疗,试验组在此基础上加用行气活血方治疗,比较两组术后不同时间节点的血甲状旁腺素(PTH)、血钙及引流液PTH水平。结果术后1 d,两组血PTH、血钙及引流液PTH水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与术后1 d比较,两组患者术后不同时间节点的血PTH、血钙及引流液PTH水平均更优,且试验组各数值均优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论行气活血方能够促进甲状腺癌全切术后甲状旁腺功能的恢复。

Traditional Chinese Medicine syndrome patterns and Qi-regulating,chest-relaxing and blood-activating therapy on cardiac syndrome X

OBJECTIVE:To master the syndrome patterns characteristics and explore the effective therapy methods ofTraditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) for cardiac syndrome X(CSX).METHODS:The TCM syndrome characteristics were mastered and the TCM intervention programs were determined by clinical investigations for TCM syndrome patterns characteristics of CSX patients.Then,the clinical efficacy studies on TCM intervention for CSX were carried out through randomized controlled trials.RESULTS:CSX is a clinical syndrome with the main manifestations of chest pain and chest stuffiness,and Qi stagnation,phlegm retention and blood stasis are the basic symptoms of CSX.As a result,the Qi-regulating,chest-relaxing and blood-activating therapy integrated with some Western Medicines was adopted for treatment.The effect of Qi-regulating,chest-relaxing and blood-activating therapy can reduce the frequency and degree of angina,improve the symptoms and exercise the tolerance of patients,inhibit the inflammatory response of vascular walls and protect the function of vascular endothelial cells,which is better than that of the simple and conventionalWestern Medicine alone.CONCLUSION:A good effect was achieved in the integration of Chinese and Western Medicines for CSX.The therapy is worthy to be applied further in clinical practice.On the other hand,more long-term and randomised controlled studies with large samples are still required to further determine the clinical efficacy and safety of the therapy.

Study on the Therapeutic Mechanism of the Active Principle of the Chinese Drug Paeoniae Radix 801 through Affinity Biosensors IAsys Plus Quartz Crystal Microbalance

Objective: To study the targeted point and mechanism of the function of the blood-activating and stasis-removing Chinese drugs, Paeoniae Radix 801(PR801) in its cardiovascular protective effects and its specific binding with endothelin 1(ET-1) as well as the dynamics of the two's interactive function by means of using affinity biosensors: IAsys Plus and quartz crystal microbalance (IAQCM). Methods: ET-1 was immobilized on the surfaces of IAQCM by using the new surface modification methods. The PR801 in the solution was detected by modified substrates and the specific binding between PR801 and ET-1 was studied. Results: The curves went up or down after adding PR801.There is specific binding between PR801 and ET-1. The bound mass were 0.458 ng/mm 2 and 133.54 ng/cm 2, respectively. There exists relatively good stability with these two methods. Conclusion: The affinity biosensors: IAQCM can be used to study the interaction mechanism between PR801 and ET-1, providing a new way to study the interaction mechanism of TCM. PR801 can bind ET-1 specifically in the experiments. Therefore, ET-1 is another target that PR801 can bind specifically besides thromboxane A 2.

活血化瘀治疗冠脉微循环障碍的研究进展

冠状动脉微循环障碍广泛存在于多种心血管疾病中,与左室重构、心血管事件密切相关。本病病机演变以血瘀为核心,活血化瘀法可改善患者冠状动脉血流储备及微循环阻力指数,对于冠状动脉微循环障碍具有良好的治疗效果。机制方面,活血化瘀诸法可调节冠状动脉微血管功能障碍的诸多关键病理生理环节:如,活血化瘀可有效抑制炎症、氧化应激及血栓形成;活血化痰可保护血管内皮;益气活血能改善能量代谢;补肾活血促进血管新生、建立冠脉侧支循环。应用现代科学深入挖掘活血化瘀诸法治疗本病的机制,或为解决本病治疗提供新的思路。

腰痛活血胶囊对强直性脊柱炎患者M1、M2型炎症因子的影响

目的探讨腰痛活血胶囊对强直性脊柱炎(AS)患者疗效及M1、M2型炎症因子的影响。方法选取2020年1月至2023年11月安徽中医药大学第一附属医院风湿科收治的60例AS患者,采用随机数字表法分为研究组、对照组各30例。研究组予腰痛活血胶囊(1.2 g,3次/d)联合沙利度胺口服(50 mg,每晚1次),对照组予沙利度胺口服(50 mg,每晚1次),2组均治疗4周。观察治疗前后疼痛视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分、强直性脊柱炎疾病活动指数(BASDAI)评分、Bath强直性脊柱炎功能指数(BASFI)评分、Bath强直性脊柱炎计量学指数(BASMI)、Bath强直性脊柱炎总体指数(BAS-G)、中医临床证候积分及血清红细胞沉降率(ESR)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、M1型炎症细胞因子[肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α、白细胞介素(IL)-6]、M2型炎症细胞因子(IL-4、IL-10)的表达。结果2组治疗后,研究组和对照组的总有效率分别为90%及70%,研究组总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与治疗前相比较,研究组治疗后VAS、BASDAI、BASFI、BAS-G、BASMI、ESR、CRP、TNF-α、IL-6降低,腰骶脊背僵痛积分、腰脊活动受限积分、晨僵积分、夜间疼痛积分、关节肿痛积分及中医证候总积分降低,IL-4、IL-10表达升高(P<0.01)。与对照组治疗后相比较,研究组治疗后VAS、BASDAI、BASFI、CRP、IL-6、腰骶脊背僵痛、腰脊活动受限、夜间疼痛、中医证候总积分降低,IL-10表达升高(P<0.01)。结论腰痛活血胶囊联合沙利度胺可显著改善AS患者临床症状,通过上调M2型炎症因子表达,降低AS患者免疫炎症水平,改善患者临床症状且临床疗效安全。

李光荣活血化瘀学术思想治疗子宫内膜息肉探析

子宫内膜息肉可引起异常子宫出血、不孕,有恶变风险,术后易复发,影响女性的身心健康,属中医学“癥瘕”“不孕”范畴。李光荣教授认为女性多虚、多郁、多瘀,临床予活血化瘀学术思想治疗子宫内膜息肉。采用分级分时分类为原则的活血化瘀法,祛瘀求本、瘀湿同治、固护阴血,效果满意。

舌诊在慢性肝病中的应用刍议

舌诊作为中医特色诊法之一,在肝病的诊治与预防中具有重要意义。慢性肝病患者在不同的病理阶段有不同的舌象改变。舌色可反映肝病轻重缓急,如缓解期多见淡红舌,发作期多见红绛舌,而严重肝病多见青紫舌;舌形可反映肝病形气神,其中长条舌、圆柱舌是慢性肝病的常见舌形,舌缘肿大或者肝积舌多代表慢性肝病中的占位性病变;舌苔与肝病轻重及疾病预后有关,还可辅助诊断慢性肝病的细菌感染情况。此外,舌象在慢性肝病的临床用药指导中也具有重要意义,可多方面、多角度指导临床。