High-Efficiency Generation of 0.12 mJ, 8.6 Fs Pulses at 400 nm Based on Spectral Broadening in Solid Thin Plates

We demonstrate eftlcient generation of continuous spectrum centered at 40Ohm from solid thin plates. By frequency doubling of 0.8m J, 3Ors Ti：sapphire laser pulses with a BBO crystal, 0.2m J, 33fs laser pulses at 400nm are generated. Focusing the 400-nm pulses into 7 thin fused silica plates, we obtain 0.15mJ continuous spectrum covering 350-450 nm. After compressing by 3 pairs of chirped mirrors, 0. 12 m J, 8.6 fs pulses are achieved. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that sub-10-fs pulses centered at 400nm are generated by solid thin plates, which shows that spectral broadening in solid-state materials works not only at 800nm but also at different wavelengths.

Nonlinear compression of picosecond chirped pulse from thin-disk amplifier system through a gas-filled hollow-core fiber

We theoretically study the nonlinear compression of a 20-rnJ, 1030-nm picosecond chirped pulse from the thin-disk amplifier in a krypton gas-filled hollow-core fiber. The chirp from the thin-disk amplifier system has little influence on the initial pulse, however, it shows an effect on the nonlinear compression in hollow-core fiber. We use a large diameter hollow waveguide to restrict undesirable nonlinear effects such as ionization; on the other hand, we employ suitable gas pressure and fiber length to promise enough spectral broadening; with 600-μm, 6-bar （1 bar = 105 Pa）, 1.8-m hollow fiber, we obtain 31.5-fs pulse. Moreover, we calculate and discuss the optimal fiber lengths and gas pressures with different initial durations induced by different grating compression angles for reaching a given bandwidth. These results are meaningful for a compression scheme from picoseconds to femtoseconds.

Picosecond pulses compression at 1053-nm center wavelength by using a gas-filled hollow-core fiber compressor

We theoretically study the nonlinear compression of picosecond pulses with 10-m J of input energy at the 1053-nm center wavelength by using a one-meter-long gas-filled hollow-core fiber（HCF） compressor and considering the third-order dispersion（TOD） effect. It is found that when the input pulse is about 1 ps/10 m J, it can be compressed down to less than20 fs with a high transmission efficiency. The gas for optimal compression is krypton gas which is filled in a HCF with a 400-μm inner diameter. When the input pulse duration is increased to 5 ps, it can also be compressed down to less than 100 fs efficiently under proper conditions. The results show that the TOD effect has little impact on picosecond pulse compression and the HCF compressor can be applied on compressing picosecond pulses efficiently with a high compression ratio, which will benefit the research of high-field laser physics.

Femtosecond parabolic pulse nonlinear compression with gas-filled hollow-core fiber

We study theoretically the spectral intensity evolutions of the femtosecond Gaussian and parabolic pulses with different initial pulse energies and compare the nonlinear compressions of these pulses based on a meter-long hollow-core fiber filled with neon for different initial pulse durations. The pulses are first coupled into gas-filled hollow-core fiber for spectrum broadening, then compressed by the optimal chirp compensation. The parabolic pulse possesses a shorter pulse duration, larger peak power, and cleaner wings than Gaussian pulse. The properties are useful for compressing the pulses and thus generating the high-energy, short-duration pulses.

High-performance 800-1050 nm seed pulses based on spectral broadening and filtering for petawatt lasers

High-performance 86μJ,11.2 fs pulses with a spectrum range of 800-1050 nm are generated based on 1030 nm,190 fs Yb femtosecond pulses by using multi-plate-based spectral broadening and filtering.Taking advantage of single beam configuration,the obtained pulses have excellent power and spectral stabilities.Since the output spectrum is obtained by spectrally filtering the broadened components,the temporal contrast of the output pulses is enhanced by at least four orders of magnitude.Together with the robust and simple setup,the proposed method is expected to be a competitive option for the generation of seed pulses for 10s-100s petawatt lasers.

Effects of dispersion and filtering induced by periodic multilayer mirrors reflection on attosecond pulses

Using temporal and spectral methods,the effects of dispersion and filtering induced by Mo/Si multilayer mirrors reflection on incident attosecond pulses were studied.First,two temporal parameters,the pulse broadening factor,and the energy loss factor,were defined to evaluate the effects of dispersion and filtering.Then,by analyzing these temporal parameters,we investigated and compared the dispersion and filtering effects on attosecond pulses.In addition,we explored the origins of pulse broadening and energy loss by analyzing the spectral and temporal characteristics of periodic Mo/Si multilayer mirrors.The results indicate that the filtering effect induced by Mo/Si multilayer mirrors reflection is the dominant reason for pulse broadening and energy loss.

紫外光非直视通信研究进展

紫外光技术在军事和民用领域有着广泛的应用,如空间探测、紫外光制导、紫外干扰、电晕放电检测和军事通信等领域。文章从紫外光的单次和多次散射出发,介绍了紫外光通信的国内外进展,分析了紫外光通信中的不同链路情况,针对非直视链路紫外通信的脉冲展宽效应和大气湍流影响进行了探讨,总结了紫外光Ad Hoc网络,最后对紫外光通信的发展进行了展望。

基于色散调控氟碲酸盐玻璃光纤的O-U波段平坦光频梳产生

光学频率梳(简称光频梳)作为一种优秀的多波长光源在通信领域具有巨大的应用潜力。通过将光频梳光源与波分复用技术(WDM)、空分复用技术结合(SDM),通信系统可以具有百Tbit/s量级的传输速率,在5G/6G通信、物联网、自动驾驶等方面具有重要的应用价值。目前实现光频梳的方法主要有以下四种,分别为基于锁模激光器产生飞秒光频梳、基于光学微腔产生光频梳、基于电光调制器产生光频梳以及基于行波四波混频产生光频梳。它们各具特点,但均很难同时实现宽光谱、高信噪比、高平坦度、高的单梳齿功率以及梳齿频率间隔大范围可调,这在一定程度上影响了光频梳在光通信领域的应用。本文提出基于受激布里渊激光腔产生种子梳,采用腔外负色散光纤进行脉冲压缩,进一步利用色散调控的高非线性氟碲酸盐光纤进行扩谱,从而实现光频梳产生。数值计算结果表明,通过该系统,我们可以得到重复频率大范围可调、光谱覆盖整个O-U波段且在O-U波段梳齿强度标准差小于5 dB的平坦光频梳,证明了通过基于布里渊激光腔与色散调控高非线性氟碲酸盐光纤的光学系统产生可用于光通信的平坦光频梳的可行性。

用于多模态非线性光学显微成像的增益管理放大全光纤飞秒激光技术

基于增益管理非线性放大的机制,求解非线性薛定谔方程和速率方程对脉冲在增益光纤中的传播过程进行仿真,研究了脉冲在增益光纤中的演化过程。结果表明,优化预啁啾量和种子光强度,可改变脉冲在增益光纤中的增益曲线。在动态增益曲线与非线性效应的共同作用下,输出光脉冲的频谱会迅速展宽数倍并带有线性啁啾,进而脉冲可被压缩至近傅里叶变换极限。为验证该超短脉冲产生方式的可行性,采用仿真结果中的最佳参数设置,成功设计并搭建了一台高能量、短脉宽、高质量的超快光纤光源。该光源可实现中心波长为1060 nm、重复频率为35 MHz、平均功率为267.4 mW以及脉冲宽度仅为39.5 fs的激光输出,与仿真结果高度一致。同现有的超短脉冲产生方式相比,本实验装置的结构更简单、造价更低、装置更紧凑、产生光束品质更佳。

Temporal broadening of pulsed waves propagating through turbulent media

Pulse signals, propagating through a turbulent medium such as the ionosphere, can be distorted by dispersion and scattering from both the background medium and irregularities embedded in. Thus, the mean square pulse width is changed, and temporal broadening is introduced. We carry out a study on the temporal broadening with theoretical analyses and numerical simulations by using an analytical solution of two-frequency mutual coherence function obtained recently by iteration. As a case of study, pulse broadening is investigated in detail in trans-ionospheric propagation. Results show that most contributions are mainly from the dispersion of the background ionosphere and scattering effects of electron density irregularities in most cases.

Modeling to predict the time evolution of negative bias temperature instability(NBTI) induced single event transient pulse broadening

An analytical model is proposed to calculate single event transient (SET) pulse width with bulk complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology based on the physics of semiconductor devices. Combining with the most prevalent negative bias temperature instability (NBTI) degradation model, a novel analytical model is developed to predict the time evolution of the NBTI induced SET broadening in the production, and NBTI experiments and three-dimensional numerical device simulations are used to verify the model. At the same time, an analytical model to predict the time evolution of the NBTI induced SET broadening in the propagation is also proposed, and NBTI experiments and the simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis (SPICE) are used to verify the proposed model.

高能量掺镱飞秒激光多薄片非线性压缩的数值模拟

对高能量掺镱激光器进行腔外压缩,是获得高能量少数周期脉冲的重要方式。通过数值模拟研究了单脉冲能量为250 mJ,波长为1 030 nm的高能量掺镱激光器通过固体多薄片介质进行非线性脉冲压缩的过程,及介质周期、厚度对频谱展宽的影响。在优化频谱展宽条件的过程中发现,不超过介质损伤阈值的情况下,固体薄片组的周期和厚度对频谱展宽具有正向影响。通过选取合适的介质厚度及周期,激光频谱通过熔融石英介质进行展宽,最终输出的光谱带宽达229 nm,补偿色散后,激光脉冲由500 fs压缩至16.2 fs,压缩比达到30。研究结果为实现高能量激光脉冲的非线性压缩提供了理论参考。

基于脉冲非线性压缩技术的71.3 W飞秒激光产生

采用了Herriott型多通腔对高平均功率皮秒激光进行非线性压缩产生飞秒激光的脉冲宽度压缩系统,并通过ABCD矩阵对腔内本征模式分布进行了求解计算.实验上通过利用多通腔脉冲压缩装置将100 W钕离子激光器输出的脉冲光谱宽度从0.20 nm展宽到2.75 nm,光谱展宽比为13.75,B积分累积总量接近15.6.利用透射光栅将补偿色散后脉冲宽度从12.5 ps压缩到了780 fs,脉冲压缩比为16,最终输出功率为71.3 W,装置整体效率为71.3%.该装置提供了一种更加结构简单,成本廉价的高平均功率飞秒激光产生方式.

一种改进窗函数非线性组合法的旁瓣抑制性能研究

为解决在雷达脉冲压缩过程中通过海明窗、汉宁窗等加权方式降低旁瓣而引起主瓣展宽、分辨率下降的问题,提出了一种以常用窗函数为基窗函数的改进窗函数非线性组合法。首先,相较于基窗函数,基于窗函数加权脉冲压缩的原理,证明窗函数线性组合法在主瓣展宽不变时可获得更好的旁瓣抑制能力;并在此基础上进一步证明改进的窗函数非线性组合法具有更优的旁瓣抑制能力。然后,通过对改进的窗函数非线性组合法在三角窗、汉宁窗、海明窗、布莱克曼窗等作为基窗函数时的脉冲压缩性能仿真与分析,验证了该方法使用不同基窗函数均可在主瓣展宽不变、信噪比损失增加低于0.5 dB的前提下,将峰值旁瓣相比凯塞窗降低4 dB以上、相比几种常用窗函数降低7 dB以上。最后,通过多目标的仿真实验验证,相比于不同的基窗函数,改进窗函数非线性组合法具有更优的弱小目标检测能力。

基于工程化实用化窄谱高功率微波天线发展思考

讨论了窄带高功率微波天线的发展现状,得出窄带高功率微波天线的主要问题为高口面效率、高辐射效率不可兼得,采用等相位合成导致的脉冲展宽和波束带宽窄。归纳了高功率微波天线将向平板阵列天线形式、高口面效率、高辐射效率、等时延波束合成、基于阵列的机电综合时延扫描形式发展,并就高口面效率、高辐射效率天线技术和等时延波束合成技术提出了解决方案,对阵列的机、电综合等时延扫描技术进行了讨论和展望。

基于掺镱激光器的近单周期脉冲后压缩理论研究

单周期的激光脉冲是通过高次谐波方法产生孤立阿秒脉冲的理想驱动源。基于空芯光纤的脉冲后压缩法是获得高时空质量单周期飞秒脉冲的重要途径。本文开展基于充气空芯光纤的脉冲后压缩理论研究,模拟并优化了空芯光纤中纤芯半径,传输长度,气体压强等参数,在充有氩气或氪气的空芯光纤中将光谱展宽达到一个倍频程,并通过色散补偿将掺镱激光器倍频的515 nm脉冲的脉宽压缩至近单周期,其压缩比达到100。该研究结果为基于高功率长脉冲的掺镱激光脉冲的高压缩比实验提供理论指导,为高亮度阿秒激光产生提供高性能驱动光源。

大气信道对垂直发收模式紫外光散射通信性能影响的仿真

介绍了非直视单散射信道模型及其在椭球坐标系下的求解方法.在此基础上,针对垂直发收模式,研究了大气信道对紫外光通信系统的影响.对不同天气、不同通信距离条件下,大气信道所产生的能量损耗、时间延迟和脉冲展宽等进行了定量分析和仿真.仿真结果表明:能量衰减随能见度变化曲线存在拐点,即并不是天气越好,能见度越高,系统接收能量越大;通信距离1km时,能见度18km处出现能量衰减最小值;能量衰减随通信距离非线性递增,通信距离1km时,能量衰减近100dB;随着通信距离的增加,时间延迟和脉冲展宽都近似呈线性增长,通信距离1km时,时间延迟接近5μs,脉冲展宽大于10μs.

神光-Ⅲ原型装置多路激光近红外时间波形测量系统

为了解决大型高功率激光装置激光脉冲宽度窄、光束口径大、路束多,以及输出光束远场漂移量大等特点导致的激光脉冲时间波形难以准确测量的难题,研制了多路激光近红外时间波形测量系统。该系统使用光束匀滑进行光纤耦合取样的方法,采用时分复用的光纤传输技术,实现了神光-Ⅲ原型装置8路纳秒激光脉冲时间波形的测试。结果表明,通过对2008年度原型装置时间波形的测量数据分析,该测量系统的测量相对扩展不确定度小于2.5%,提高了系统的抗干扰能力和可靠性,同时也降低了激光装置参量诊断系统的建造成本。

神光Ⅲ原型装置红外脉冲波形测量系统的研制

为了提高神光Ⅲ原型装置激光脉冲波形测量的稳定性、可靠性、经济性,对原有测量系统进行了改造。整个系统由取样与光纤耦合单元、光纤传输单元、光纤合束与光电转换单元、数据采集单元构成,采用近场耦合光纤取样、时分复用的光纤传输技术,利用一台示波器和光电转换器实现了神光Ⅲ原型装置的预放、主放16束激光脉冲时间波形的测试,提高了系统的运行效率和运行成本。

红外纳秒激光脉冲在光纤中传输特性研究

为了提高激光时间波形测量系统的抗干扰能力,建立了激光脉冲在光纤中的传输物理模型,分析了纳秒脉冲在光纤中的线性传输特性,对影响脉冲传输特性的因素进行了系统评价。采用空气与光纤传输进行比对的方法,实验测试了激光脉冲经过不同长度的单模和多模光纤传输后的脉冲波形,得到脉冲展宽在允许的测量误差范围内所需的阈值条件。结果表明,该研究对神光-Ⅲ主机激光脉冲时间波形测量的设计具有重要的意义。