Propeller Torque Load and Propeller Shaft Torque Response Correlation During Ice-propeller Interaction

轮船使用推进机械系统创造方向性的戳。当轮船壳进展，航行在盖住冰的水里包含碎冰片和他们的 submergence。有时，沉没了冰片与推进器交往并且引起转矩负担的不规则的变化。作为结果，推进器和引擎动力学，变得的 imbalanced，和能量通过推进机械系统宣传直到平衡被到达。处于如此的 imbalanced 状况，测量推进器柄转矩反应不等于推进器转矩。在这个工作，因此，全面系统反应用契约图模型在冰相关的转矩负担下面被模仿。推进器和推进器柄之间的能量差别被估计并且与他们的相应机械能量有关。另外，机械能量在模式之中被散布。基于分发，运动并且势能为在推进器转矩和推进器柄反应之间的关联是重要的。

Ballistic Properties of Some Low Solid Loading Butalites Formulations

The ballistic properties of a low solid loading composite solid propellant family （Butalites） was studied experimentally by using propellant formulations based on hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene pre-polymer （HTPB） as fuel binder main backbone, mono and bi-modal system ammonium perchlorate oxidizer （AP）, copper chromite （CC） as burning rate accelerator and aluminum powder （A1） as metallic fuel. Higher pressures and AP contents as well as smaller AP particle size were found to increase burning rate. The same behavior verified with AI and CC addition. A significant increase of burning rate was recorded when CC added to the aluminized formulations compared with the non-aluminized of the same oxidizer solid loading and particle size.