Preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio predicts symptomatic anastomotic leakage in elderly colon cancer patients: Multicenter propensity score-matched analysis

BACKGROUND The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR),a composite inflammatory biomarker,is associated with the prognosis in patients with colorectal tumors.However,whether the NLR can be used as a predictor of symptomatic postoperative ana-stomotic leakage(AL)in elderly patients with colon cancer is unclear.AIM To assess the role of the NLR in predicting the occurrence of symptomatic AL after surgery in elderly patients with colon cancer.METHODS Data from elderly colon cancer patients who underwent elective radical colectomy with anastomosis at three centers between 2018 and 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to determine the best predictive cutoff value for the NLR.Twenty-two covariates were matched using a 1:1 propensity score matching method,and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine risk factors for the development of postoperative AL.RESULTS Of the 577 patients included,36(6.2%)had symptomatic AL.The optimal cutoff value of the NLR for predicting AL was 2.66.After propensity score matching,the incidence of AL was significantly greater in the≥2.66 NLR subgroup than in the<2.66 NLR subgroup(11.5%vs 2.5%;P=0.012).Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed statistically significant correlations between blood transfusion intraoperatively and within 2 d postoper-atively,preoperative albumin concentration,preoperative prognostic nutritional index,and preoperative NLR and AL occurrence(P<0.05);multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that an NLR≥2.66[odds ratio(OR)=5.51;95%confidence interval(CI):1.50-20.26;P=0.010]and blood transfusion intraoperatively and within 2 d postoperatively(OR=2.52;95%CI:0.88-7.25;P=0.049)were risk factors for the occurrence of symptomatic AL.CONCLUSION A preoperative NLR≥2.66 and blood transfusion intraoperatively and within 2 d postoperatively are associated with a higher incidence of postoperative symptomatic AL in elderly patients with colon cancer.The preoperative NLR has predictive value for postoperative symptomatic AL after elective surgery in elderly patients with colon cancer.

Down-staging depth score to predict outcomes in locally advanced rectal cancer achieving ypl stage after neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy versus de novo stage pl cohort:A propensity score-matched analysis

Objective：Prognosis of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer（LARC）but achieving yp T1–2N0 stage after neoadjuvant concurrent chemo-radiotherapy（CRT）has been shown to be favorable.This study aims to determine whether the long-term outcome of yp T1–2N0 cases can be comparable to that of p T1–2N0 cohort that received definitive surgery for early disease.Method：From January 2008 to December 2013,449 consecutive patients with rectal cancer were treated and their outcome maintained in a database.Patients with LARC underwent total mesorectal excision（TME）surgery at4–8 weeks after completion of CRT,and those achieving stage yp I were identified as a group.As a comparison,stage p I group pertains to patients whose initially limited disease was not upstaged after TME surgery alone.After propensity score matching（PSM）,comparisons of local regional control（LC）,distant metastasis-free survival（DMFS）,disease-free survival（DFS）and overall survival（OS）were performed using Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank test between yp I and p I groups.Down-staging depth score（DDS）,a novel method of evaluating CRT response,was used for subset analysis.Results：Of the 449 patients,168 matched cases were generated for analysis.Five-year LC,DMFS,DFS and OS for stage p I vs.yp I groups were 96.7%vs.96.4%（P=0.796）,92.7%vs.73.6%（P=0.025）,91.2%vs.73.6%（P=0.080）and 93.1%vs.72.3%（P=0.040）,respectively.In the DDS-favorable subset of the yp I group,LC,DMFS,DFS and OS resulted in no significant differences in comparison with the p I group（P=0.384,0.368,0.277 and0.458,respectively）.Conclusions：LC was comparable in both groups;however,distant metastasis developed more frequently in down-staged LARC than de novo early stage cases,reflecting the need to improve the efficacy of systemic treatment despite excellent pathologic response.DDS can be an indicator to identify a subset of the yp I group whose longterm oncologic outcomes are as good as those of stage p I cohort.

Laparoscopic liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma complicated with significant portal hypertension:A propensity score-matched survival analysis

Background: Significant portal hypertension(SPH) is a relative contraindication for patients with resectable hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). However, increasing evidence indicates that liver resection is feasible for HCC patients with SPH. Methods: HCC patients with cirrhosis who underwent laparoscopic liver resection(LLR) in two centers from January 2013 to April 2018 were included. Surgical and survival outcomes were analyzed to explore potential prognostic factors. Propensity score matching(PSM) analysis was performed to minimize bias. Results: A total of 165 patients were divided into two groups based on the presence(SPH, n = 76) or absence(non-SPH, n = 89) of SPH. Patients in the SPH group had longer operative time, more blood loss, and more advanced TNM stage than patients in the non-SPH group( P < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in the postoperative 90-day mortality rate( n = 0), overall postoperative complications(47.4% vs. 41.6%, P = 0.455), Clavien-Dindo classification( P = 0.347), conversion to open surgery(9.2% vs. 6.7%, P = 0.557), or length of hospitalization(16 vs. 15 days, P = 0.203) between the SPH and non-SPH groups before PSM. Similar results were obtained after PSM. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival(OS) and recurrence-free survival rates in the SPH group were not significantly different from those in the non-SPH group both before and after PSM(log-rank P > 0.05). After PSM, alpha-fetoprotein(AFP) ≥ 400 μg/L [hazard ratio(HR) = 4.71, 95% confidence interval(CI): 2.69-8.25], ascites(HR = 2.18, 95% CI: 1.30-3.66), American Society of Anesthesiologists(ASA) classification(Ⅲ vs. Ⅱ)(HR = 2.13, 95% CI: 1.11-4.07) and tumor diameter > 5 cm(HR = 3.91, 95% CI: 2.02-7.56) independently predicted worse OS. Conclusions: LLR for patients with HCC complicated with SPH appears feasible at the price of increasing operative time and blood loss. AFP, ascites, ASA classification and tumor diameter may predict the prognosis of HCC complicated with SPH after LLR.

Bleeding risk comparing targeted low-dose heparin with bivalirudin in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention results from a propensity score-matched analysis of the evaluation of drug-eluting stents and ischemic events (EVENT) registry

Background Prior randomized trials have shown reduced bleeding with bivalirudin compared with unfractionated heparin （UFH） in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI）. However, it is not known if this benefit is also present when UFH doses are more tightly controlled （as measured by activated clotting time, ACT）.

Effect of induction chemotherapy with cisplatin, fluorouracil, with or without taxane on locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a retrospective, propensity score-matched analysis

Background:Available data in the literature comparing different induction chemotherapy(IC)regimens on locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)are scarce.The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the outcomes of locoregionally advanced NPC patients who were treated with taxane,cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil(TPF)or cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil(PF)as IC followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy(CCRT).Methods:In total,1879 patients with locoregionally advanced NPC treated with IC and CCRT from a prospectively maintained database were included in the present observational study.We compared overall survival(OS),disease-specific survival(DSS),distant metastasis-free survival(DMFS),and locoregional relapse-free survival,using the pro-pensity score method.Results:In total,1256 patients received TPF or PF as IC backbone.The TPF group showed significantly better OS(hazard ratio[HR],0.660;95%confidence interval[CI]0.442-0.986;P=0.042),DSS(HR,0.624;95%CI 0.411-0.947;P=0.027)and DMFS(HR,0.589;95%CI 0.406-0.855;P=0.005)compared with the PF group in multivariable analy-ses.Propensity score matching identified 294 patients in each cohort and confirmed that TPF was associated with significantly improved 5-year OS(88.1%vs.80.7%;P=0.042),DSS(88.5%vs.80.7%;P=0.021)and DMFS(87.9%vs.78.6%;P=0.012)rates compared with the PF group.There were no significant differences in locoregional relapse-free survival before or after matching.Conclusions:In our study,IC with the TPF regimen combined with CCRT showed improved long-term survival for the patients with locoregionally advanced NPC compared with the PF regimen.However,a prospective randomized clinical trial to validate these findings is necessary.

Progress in hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure treatment in China:A large,multicenter,retrospective cohort study using a propensity score matching analysis

Background:Hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure(HBV-ACLF)has a high short-term mortality.However,the treatment progression for HBV-ACLF in China in the past decade has not been well characterized.The present study aimed to determine whether the HBV-ACLF treatment has significantly improved during the past decade.Methods:This study retrospectively compared short-term(28/56 days)survival rates of two different nationwide cohorts(cohort I:2008-2011 and cohort II:2012-2015).Eligible HBV-ACLF patients were enrolled retrospectively.Patients in the cohorts I and II were assigned either to the standard medical therapy(SMT)group(cohort I-SMT,cohort II-SMT)or artificial liver support system(ALSS)group(cohort IALSS,cohort II-ALSS).Propensity score matching analysis was conducted to eliminate baseline differences,and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore the independent factors for 28-day survival.Results:Short-term(28/56 days)survival rates were significantly higher in the ALSS group than those in the SMT group(P<0.05)and were higher in the cohort II than those in the cohort I(P<0.001).After propensity score matching,short-term(28/56 days)survival rates were higher in the cohort II than those in the cohort I for both SMT(60.7%vs.53.0%,50.0%vs.39.8%,P<0.05)and ALSS(66.1%vs.56.5%,53.0%vs.44.4%,P<0.05)treatments.The 28-day survival rate was higher in patients treated with nucleos(t)ide analogs than in patients without such treatments(P=0.046).Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that ALSS(OR=0.962,95%CI:0.951-0.973,P=0.038),nucleos(t)ide analogs(OR=0.927,95%CI:0.871-0.983,P=0.046),old age(OR=1.028,95%CI:1.015-1.041,P<0.001),total bilirubin(OR=1.002,95%CI:1.001-1.003,P=0.004),INR(OR=1.569,95%CI:1.044-2.358,P<0.001),COSSH-ACLF grade(OR=2.683,95%CI:1.792-4.017,P<0.001),and albumin(OR=0.952,95%CI:0.924-0.982,P=0.002)were independent factors for 28-day mortality.Conclusions:The treatment for patients with HBV-ACLF has improved in the past decade.

Propensity score analysis demonstrated the prognostic advantage of anatomical liver resection in hepatocellular carcinoma

AIM:To compare the prognoses of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)patients that underwent anatomic liver resection(AR)or non-anatomic liver resection(NAR)using propensity score-matched populations.METHODS:Between January 2002 and December2010,268 consecutive HCC patients,including 110 and158 patients that underwent AR and NAR,respectively,were retrospectively enrolled in this study.Forty-four patients from each group were selected and matched using logistic multivariate analysis followed by propensity score analysis.RESULTS:In the whole analysis set,the histological background of the liver,liver function,and tumor marker levels differed significantly among the groups.Although the overall survival(OS)and recurrence-free survival rates of the two groups did not differ significantly in the whole analysis set,the OS of the AR group was significantly longer than that of the NAR group after propensity matching(76.2±6.3 mo vs 58.9±6.3mo;P=0.0039).Although AR(HR=0.456,P=0.039)was found to be a prognostic factor in the univariate analysis,only vascular invasion(HR=0.228,P=0.002)and the hepatocyte growth factor level(HR=52.366,P=0.035)were subsequently found to be independent prognostic factors.CONCLUSION:AR conveys a survival advantage over NAR in specific subpopulations of HCC patients with tumors of less than 5 cm in diameter,single tumor,and good liver function.

Viral respiratory infection,a risk in post-pediatric cardiac surgery:a propensity-matched analysis

Objective To define risk stratification and guide optimal surgical timing of perioperative viral respiratory infection(VRI)in children with cardiac surgery.Methods Retrospective study with propensity score-matched analysis.A total of 2,831 patients had performed RespPCR testing,and finally there were 2,740 negative RespPCR patients and 91 positive RespPCR patients.

Comparative Analysis of Urban-rural Residents' Propensity to Consume in China's Four Regions

According to the data in China Statistical Yearbook from 1992 to 2008,by using regression model,we adopt least square method and generalized least square method to conduct empirical analysis on the relationship between urban-rural residents' income and consumption in China's east,northeast,central region and west.The results show that the urban-rural residents' propensity to consume in China's four regions has prominent characteristics.In terms of region,urban residents' marginal propensity to consume takes on irregular fluctuation,while the rural residents' propensity to consume conforms to law of diminishing of marginal propensity to consume;in terms of time sequence,the rural residents' marginal propensity to consume in China's four regions takes on "multi-U-form" fluctuation trend,and the rural residents' marginal propensity to consume in different regions has certain difference,while the urban residents' marginal propensity to consume takes on low-frequency broad width fluctuation trend;the urban-rural residents' average marginal propensity to consume in China's four regions conforms to the law of diminishing.In order to increase consumption and promote the balanced rapid development of regional economy,in light of the urban-rural difference and characteristics of different regions,we should propound effective measures to promote urban-rural residents' propensity to consume,and formulate and implement regional policy in order to stimulate consumption.

Zoledronic acid combined with androgendeprivation therapy may prolong time to castration-resistant prostate cancer in hormone-naı¨ve metastatic prostate cancer patients e A propensity scoring approach

Objective:To clarify the oncological benefit of zoledronic acid for hormone-naive metastatic prostate cancer,patient outcome of androgen deprivation therapy with zoledronic acid(ADT+Z)and androgen deprivation therapy alone(ADT)was compared.Methods:Fifty-two patients with pathologically confirmed metastatic prostate cancer were prospectively enrolled and treated with combined androgen blockade(goserelin and bicalutamide)with zoledronic acid(4 mg every 4 weeks for 24 months).A propensity score-match with logistic regression analysis was applied to select 50 pair-matched cohorts(both from ADT+Z and from historical control cohorts who had undergone ADT alone),and patient outcomes were compared.Results:Patients with ADT+Z had significantly longer time to progression(TTP)than those with ADT(median TTP;24.2 vs.14.0 months,p=0.0092),while no significant difference of overall survival between two groups(p=0.1502).Multivariate analysis for biochemical recurrence revealed treatment with ADT was the sole independent prognostic factor(HR:1.724,95%CI:1.06-2.86,p=0.0297).Conclusion:Combination of zoledronic acid with ADT may prolong time to castration resistant prostate cancer.

基于Intensity Analysis方法的四川省农村居民边际储蓄倾向变化特征分析

利用2000—2019年四川省各地市州农村居民收入与消费数据,采用边际储蓄倾向和Intensity Analysis等方法,从边际储蓄倾向等级变化的强度和等级转换的特征等方面,对四川省农村居民边际储蓄倾向的变化特征进行分析。结果表明:2000—2019年,四川省农村居民边际储蓄倾向的等级变化强度表现出“快—快—快—慢”的特点;2010—2014年边际储蓄倾向变化最快,2015年后变化逐渐趋于平稳,即四川省农村居民储蓄随着收入的变化在2015年前变化不均衡,2015年后变化逐渐趋向平稳,以中等速率增长;2000—2019年,四川省农村居民边际储蓄倾向等级转换较活跃,各等级转换速率不尽相同,主要集中在3、4等级,但在2015年后变化有进入休眠状态的趋势。

基于质量提升视角的我国高校专利转化实证研究——以航空类“双高计划”院校为例

本文依托incoPat专利数据库,分析2012—2021年的5所航空类“双高计划”院校的专利发展趋势和专利成果转化现状,并用倾向得分匹配法进行实证分析,为优化航空类院校专利成果转化政策,提升专利成果转化水平提供参考。结果显示5所航空类“双高计划”院校的发明专利偏少,质量偏低。专利的授权率较高,但是转化率总体处于低位。专利质量与专利成果转化呈正向促进关系,专利的转化得益于专利质量的提升,而技术质量的提升对专利的转化起到关键影响作用。

发病超24小时缺血性脑卒中患者机械取栓疗效研究

目的探讨对发病超过24 h的前循环大血管闭塞所致缺血性脑卒中患者进行机械取栓治疗的有效性及安全性。方法回顾性纳入多中心前循环取栓患者,按发病时间早晚将其分为早时间窗组(≤6 h)、晚时间窗组(6~24 h)及超时间窗组(>24 h),比较三组患者基线、预后及手术并发症等是否存在差异。并通过倾向评分匹配对结局指标等进行进一步比较分析。结果共纳入的680例患者,其中超时间窗患者12例。超时间窗机械取栓患者与时间窗内患者的良好预后比例差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),死亡占比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。经倾向匹配分析后,超时间窗患者与早时间窗组比较,良好预后及死亡占比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);超时间窗患者与晚时间窗组患者比较,良好预后及死亡占比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论发病时间超过24 h的前循环急性缺血性脑卒中患者进行取栓可能是安全有效的。

2型糖尿病合并终末期肾病患者同期胰肾联合移植术后危险因素:UNOS数据库50230例分析

目的比较2型糖尿病(T2DM)合并终末期肾病(ESRD)患者行同期胰肾联合移植(SPKT)或尸体肾移植(DDKT)后的移植肾及患者生存情况,并分析SPKT术后影响患者存活的危险因素。方法获取美国器官资源共享网络(UNOS)数据库中2003年1月27日-2021年1月1日接受肾脏移植患者的临床及预后资料。根据纳入、排除标准最终纳入50230例,其中DDKT组48669例,SPKT组1561例。采用Kaplan-Meier法比较两组受者的移植肾及患者存活情况,并通过倾向性评分匹配(PSM)均衡组间混杂因素。采用Cox回归模型分析SPKT术后影响患者生存的独立危险因素。结果与DDKT组比较,SPKT组受者的中位年龄小(P<0.001)、男性占比高(P<0.001)、BMI低(P<0.001)、透析时间和移植等待时间短(P<0.001)、私人医保占比高(P<0.001)、既往移植占比低(P<0.001)、糖尿病确诊年龄低(P<0.001)、外周血管病史少(P=0.033);与DDKT组比较,SPKT组供者的中位年龄小(P<0.001)、男性占比高(P<0.001)、BMI低(P<0.001)、高血压病史和糖尿病史少见(P<0.001);在移植相关因素上,与DDKT组比较,SPKT组的供肾冷缺血时间短(P<0.001)、HLA错配程度高(P<0.001)、KDPI低(P<0.001)。与DDKT组比较,SPKT组出院时血肌酐水平低(P<0.001)、术后移植肾功能恢复延迟(DGF)发生率和AR发生率低(P<0.001),住院时间长(P<0.001)。原始和PSM后的Kaplan-Meier生存分析曲线均显示SPKT组的移植肾和患者存活率明显高于DDKT组(P<0.001)。Cox回归模型分析显示,受者年龄、受者种族、供者年龄和供肾冷缺血时间是影响SPKT术后患者存活的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论T2DM合并ESRD患者行SPKT较DDKT的远期移植肾和患者存活率高。受者年龄、受者种族、供者年龄和供肾冷缺血时间是影响SPKT术后患者存活的独立危险因素。

椎旁肌退变对胸腰段OVCF患者术后再发邻椎骨折的影响:基于严格的倾向性匹配分析

目的 采用严格的倾向性匹配分析方法,对椎旁肌退变与胸腰段骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折(OVCF)患者PKP术后再发邻椎骨折(AVF)的相关性进行论证。方法 以该院2019年1月~2022年1月行PKP手术、术后1年内再发AVF的40例胸腰段OVCF患者作为研究对象,纳入AVF组;同时,采用严格的倾向性匹配分析方法,根据AVF组患者年龄、性别、体质量指数和OVCF骨折部位,按照1:1的比例随机匹配获取同时期行PKP手术、术后1年内未再发AVF的40例OVCF患者作为对照组。所有患者均于术前行腰椎MRI检查,以平行于椎体终板作为扫描平面,分别于L3、L4椎体的下终板平面测量腰大肌、竖脊肌、多裂肌和椎旁肌的横截面积(CSA)以及功能横截面积(FCSA);此外,测量患者术前椎体骨密度和椎体后凸角(KA)、椎体前壁和后壁的比值(AP)。对两组患者的上述指标进行比较,并利用Delong检验对AVF组患者MRI检查L3水平和L4水平测得的竖脊肌、多裂肌和腰大肌CSA、FCSA进行比较,通过ROC曲线分析得出具有AVF潜在预测价值的相关指标;通过Logistic回归模型,将各项指标进行多元回归分析,以验证椎旁肌退变对AVF的独立影响。结果 AVF组患者L3和L4水平的多裂肌、竖脊肌、腰大肌和椎旁肌的CSA值、FCSA值,均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。Delong检验和ROC曲线分析显示,L4水平的椎旁肌FCSA是AVF的潜在预测指标。AVF组的伤椎KA角显著大于对照组、骨密度值显著低于对照组(P<0.05);两组患者的伤椎AP值、骨水泥渗漏、合并症情况比较,均不存在统计学差异(P>0.05)。Logistic回归模型分析得出:骨密度值(β=-0.069;OR=0.915)和L4水平椎旁肌FCSA(β=-0.263;OR=0.816),均是OVCF患者行PKP手术后发生AVF独立风险因素。结论 椎旁肌退变是PKP术后AVF的一项独立预测因素,对于胸腰段OVCF患者不仅要重视规律的长期抗骨质疏松治疗,还应鼓励其进行椎旁肌功能训练,有助于降低术后AVF的发生风险。

营商环境、FDI与企业创新

探讨如何优化营商环境以促进外商直接投资(foreign direct investment,FDI)的流入及FDI对企业创新具有怎样的影响对中国经济社会发展具有重大现实意义。基于组态视角,采用fsQCA和PSM研究方法,检验不同营商环境要素对FDI的组态效应,以及不同营商环境组态对企业创新的影响。研究发现,单个营商环境要素不构成高FDI的必要条件,各要素相互结合以“殊途同归”的方式产生高FDI。产生高FDI的营商环境组态有创新环境主导型、市场-人文环境驱动型、市场-政务-创新环境驱动型和综合驱动型4条;产生非高FDI的营商环境组态有3条,概括为多要素抑制型和人文环境抑制型;产生高FDI的营商环境组态与产生非高FDI的营商环境组态呈现非对称性特征;东部发达地区营商环境组态引入的FDI能够促进当地企业创新,中部地区营商环境组态引入的FDI对当地企业创新影响存在差异性,西部地区营商环境组态引入的FDI抑制了当地企业创新。在“双循环”新发展格局背景下,基于组态视角为优化营商环境引入FDI及促进企业创新提供理论指导。

腹腔镜直肠癌前切除术后吻合口漏的危险因素分析及其对患者预后和生活质量(QLICP-CR)的影响

目的分析腹腔镜直肠癌前切除术后吻合口瘘(Anastomotic Leakage,AL)的危险因素,为临床有效预防腹腔镜直肠癌前切除术后AL提供理论依据,并进一步探索AL对患者预后和生活质量的影响。方法回顾性分析2017年1月—2020年12月皖南医学院第一附属医院胃肠外科收治的394例行腹腔镜直肠癌前切除术患者的临床资料,将其按是否发生术后吻合口瘘分成无吻合口瘘(无AL组,359例)和吻合口瘘组(AL组35例)两组。采用单因素分析和多因素二元Logistic回归分析探寻术后AL独立的危险因素。根据可能会影响患者术后生存的因素,将无AL组和AL组进行1︰1倾向性得分匹配(PSM),再采用Kaplan-Meier法比较匹配组和匹配后AL组患者术后3年的总生存率、局部复发率、远处转移率。对于生存时间满3年的匹配组和匹配后AL组的患者,进行癌症患者生命质量测定量表体系QLICP(Quality of Life Instruments for Cancer Patients)中的大肠癌CR(Colorectal Cancer)量表第二版(简称为QLICP-CR(V2.0))评分,比较两组患者生命质量差异。结果单因素和多因素logistic分析发现患者男性(OR:2.680,95%CI:1.098~6.540),术前接受新辅助治疗(OR:5.109,95%CI:2.347~11.118),术前白蛋白<35 g/L(OR:3.269,95%CI:1.507~7.090),肿瘤距肛缘距离<7 cm(OR:3.330,95%CI:1.448~7.657)是腹腔镜直肠癌前切除术后AL的独立危险因素。Kaplan-Meier法分析显示,AL并不影响患者的3年总生存率(78.8%vs 75.8%,P=0.752)、3年局部复发率(9.1%vs 18.2%,P=0.285)、3年远处转移率(12.1%vs 15.2%,P=0.726)。AL患者在心理功能中的情绪侧面(P=0.029)、大肠特异模块中的大便情况侧面(P=0.039)评分显著降低。结论男性、术前接受新辅助治疗、术前白蛋白<35 g/L、肿瘤距肛缘距离<7 cm是腹腔镜直肠癌前切除术后AL的独立危险因素。AL不影响腹腔镜直肠癌前切除术预后。AL会对患者带来情绪、大便情况上的不良影响。

碱性磷酸酶和淋巴细胞比值在评估BCLC分级A-B级肝癌患者TACE术后生存情况的应用价值

目的:探讨碱性磷酸酶和淋巴细胞比值(ALR)在预测巴塞罗那(BCLC)分级A-B级肝癌患者肝动脉灌注化疗栓塞术(TACE)术后生存情况的价值。方法:以肝癌TACE术后肿瘤进展或死亡为状态变量,分别以中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞比值、淋巴细胞和单核细胞比值、碱性磷酸酶、淋巴细胞计数以及ALR作为检验变量,进行两者的ROC分析,根据术前ALR预测肝癌患者TACE术后肿瘤进展或死亡的最佳诊断截点将所有纳入患者分为A组和B组,对两组肝癌患者通过倾向性评分匹配法进行配对分组,通过logistic回归估计倾向性评分值,检验匹配后两组临床病理指标的均衡性,匹配后标准差异绝对值均控制在0.10以内,Kaplan-Meier生存分析分别比较匹配后A组和B组两组肝癌患者TACE术后无进展生存率和总生存率,采用Cox回归分析评价匹配前后ALR对肝癌患者TACE术后PFS和OS的预测价值。结果:根据ALR最佳诊断截点将纳入所有患者分为ALR<5.4×10^(-7)(A组)和ALR≥5.4×10^(-7)(B组),通过倾向性评分匹配,两组共57对匹配成功,匹配前两组间有显著性差异的临床指标经匹配后均达到平衡,其他无显著性差异的指标均衡性也得到了明显的提高,Kaplan-Meier生存分析显示,匹配后A组肝癌患者TACE术后1年、2年、3年无进展生存率显著高于B组(60.5%、41.2%、33.6%vs 47.9%、20.9%、20.9%,P<0.05),A组肝癌患者TACE术后1年、2年、3年总生存率显著高于B组(72.3%、62.4%、55.2%vs 63.5%、51.5%、31.8%,P<0.05),Cox回归分析显示,匹配前后ALR均为肝癌患者TACE术后PFS和OS的独立预测因素。结论:术前ALR水平预测BCLC分级A-B级肝癌患者TACE术后远期生存情况具有较高的价值。

随机实验法在社会科学因果分析中的应用--以女性生育行为的选择效应为例

清楚辨析变量间因果关系是社会科学研究的难点,基于观测数据传统的统计推断方法存在着混淆变量等内生性问题,无法满足“无偏性”和“一致性”估计.提出在研究设计中可利用自然科学随机试验思路控制所有混淆变量,以满足因果分析中的必然性.即在社会现象是多因、随机和未知的前提下,引入随机性自然实验达到“总体相同”的必然性和在社会现象是已知、清晰和可控的前提下,通过倾向值匹配法构造实验组和对照组,控制混淆变量进行因果分析.最后,以女性生育行为的选择效应为案例,详解自然实验法在控制女性多孩生育事件对收入影响分析中混淆变量的应用、倾向值匹配法在控制女性劳动参与对生育行为影响分析中混淆变量的应用.