AIM:To compare the esophagogastric junction(EGJ)areas observed in sedated and non-sedated patients during esophagogastroduodenoscopy(EGD).METHODS:Data were collected prospectively from consecutive patients who underwe...AIM:To compare the esophagogastric junction(EGJ)areas observed in sedated and non-sedated patients during esophagogastroduodenoscopy(EGD).METHODS:Data were collected prospectively from consecutive patients who underwent EGD for various reasons.The patients were divided into three groups according to the sedation used:propofol,midazolam,and control(no sedation).The EGJ was observed during both insertion and withdrawal of the endoscope.The extent of the EGJ territory observed was classified as excellent,good,fair,or poor.In addition,the time the EGJ was observed was estimated.RESULTS:The study included 103 patients(50 males;mean age 58.44±10.3 years).An excellent observation was achieved less often in the propofol and midazolam groups than in the controls(27.3%,28.6%and91.4%,respectively,P<0.001).There was a significant difference in the time at which EGJ was observed among the groups(propofol 20.7±11.7 s vs midazolam 16.3±7.3 s vs control 11.6±5.8 s,P<0.001).Multivariate analysis showed that sedation use was the only independent risk factor for impaired EGJ evaluation(propofol,OR=24.4,P<0.001;midazolam,OR=25.3,P<0.001).Hiccoughing was more frequent in the midazolam group(propofol 9%vs midazolam25.7%vs control 0%,P=0.002),while hypoxia(SaO2<90%)tended to occur more often in the propofol group(propofol 6.1%vs midazolam 0%vs control 0%,P=0.101).CONCLUSION:Sedation during EGD has a negative effect on evaluation of the EGJ.展开更多
Aim of this study was to investigate relationships between the red palm weevil （RPW） Rhynchophorusferrugineus （Olivier） and the entomopathogenic nematode Stein- ernema carpocapsae （EPN）; particularly, the work w...Aim of this study was to investigate relationships between the red palm weevil （RPW） Rhynchophorusferrugineus （Olivier） and the entomopathogenic nematode Stein- ernema carpocapsae （EPN）; particularly, the work was focused on the immune response of the insect host in naive larvae and after infection with the EPN. Two main immunological processes have been addressed： the activity and modulation of host prophenoloxidase- phenoloxidase （proPO） system, involved in melanization of not-self and hemocytes recog- nition processes responsible for not-self encapsulation. Moreover, immune depressive and immune evasive strategies of the parasite have been investigated. Our results suggest that RPW possess an efficient immune system, however in the early phase of infection, S. carpocapsae induces a strong inhibition of the host proPO system. In addition, host cell- mediated mechanisms of encapsulation, are completely avoided by the parasite, the elusive strategies orS. carpocapsae seem to be related to the structure of its body-surface, since induced alterations of the parasite cuticle resulted in the loss of its mimetic properties. S. carpocapsae before the release of its symbiotic bacteria, depress and elude RPW immune defenses, with the aim to arrange a favorable environment for its bacteria responsible of the septicemic death of the insect target.展开更多
CITIC Guoan Information Industry Co., Ltd.(SZ: 000839) posted sales revenue of RMB1.968 billion and net profit of RMB612 millionin 2009.Its unit, Guoan Qinghai, had salesrevenue of RMB687 million, up 33.66% froma year...CITIC Guoan Information Industry Co., Ltd.(SZ: 000839) posted sales revenue of RMB1.968 billion and net profit of RMB612 millionin 2009.Its unit, Guoan Qinghai, had salesrevenue of RMB687 million, up 33.66% froma year earlier, and earned RMB206 million,down 19%.Guoan Qinghai’s net income accountedfor about a third of CITIC Guoan’stotal.In 2008, the proportion was more展开更多
China’s State Council on October 10th announceda plan to accelerate the developmentof strategic emerging industries. Theaim is that the industrial added value ofthese emerging industries will account forabout 8% of C...China’s State Council on October 10th announceda plan to accelerate the developmentof strategic emerging industries. Theaim is that the industrial added value ofthese emerging industries will account forabout 8% of China’s GDP by 2015 and15% by 2020.The proportion is currently around 3%.The target shows the ambitions of the Chinesegovernment to alter economic展开更多
文摘AIM:To compare the esophagogastric junction(EGJ)areas observed in sedated and non-sedated patients during esophagogastroduodenoscopy(EGD).METHODS:Data were collected prospectively from consecutive patients who underwent EGD for various reasons.The patients were divided into three groups according to the sedation used:propofol,midazolam,and control(no sedation).The EGJ was observed during both insertion and withdrawal of the endoscope.The extent of the EGJ territory observed was classified as excellent,good,fair,or poor.In addition,the time the EGJ was observed was estimated.RESULTS:The study included 103 patients(50 males;mean age 58.44±10.3 years).An excellent observation was achieved less often in the propofol and midazolam groups than in the controls(27.3%,28.6%and91.4%,respectively,P<0.001).There was a significant difference in the time at which EGJ was observed among the groups(propofol 20.7±11.7 s vs midazolam 16.3±7.3 s vs control 11.6±5.8 s,P<0.001).Multivariate analysis showed that sedation use was the only independent risk factor for impaired EGJ evaluation(propofol,OR=24.4,P<0.001;midazolam,OR=25.3,P<0.001).Hiccoughing was more frequent in the midazolam group(propofol 9%vs midazolam25.7%vs control 0%,P=0.002),while hypoxia(SaO2<90%)tended to occur more often in the propofol group(propofol 6.1%vs midazolam 0%vs control 0%,P=0.101).CONCLUSION:Sedation during EGD has a negative effect on evaluation of the EGJ.
文摘Aim of this study was to investigate relationships between the red palm weevil （RPW） Rhynchophorusferrugineus （Olivier） and the entomopathogenic nematode Stein- ernema carpocapsae （EPN）; particularly, the work was focused on the immune response of the insect host in naive larvae and after infection with the EPN. Two main immunological processes have been addressed： the activity and modulation of host prophenoloxidase- phenoloxidase （proPO） system, involved in melanization of not-self and hemocytes recog- nition processes responsible for not-self encapsulation. Moreover, immune depressive and immune evasive strategies of the parasite have been investigated. Our results suggest that RPW possess an efficient immune system, however in the early phase of infection, S. carpocapsae induces a strong inhibition of the host proPO system. In addition, host cell- mediated mechanisms of encapsulation, are completely avoided by the parasite, the elusive strategies orS. carpocapsae seem to be related to the structure of its body-surface, since induced alterations of the parasite cuticle resulted in the loss of its mimetic properties. S. carpocapsae before the release of its symbiotic bacteria, depress and elude RPW immune defenses, with the aim to arrange a favorable environment for its bacteria responsible of the septicemic death of the insect target.
文摘CITIC Guoan Information Industry Co., Ltd.(SZ: 000839) posted sales revenue of RMB1.968 billion and net profit of RMB612 millionin 2009.Its unit, Guoan Qinghai, had salesrevenue of RMB687 million, up 33.66% froma year earlier, and earned RMB206 million,down 19%.Guoan Qinghai’s net income accountedfor about a third of CITIC Guoan’stotal.In 2008, the proportion was more
文摘China’s State Council on October 10th announceda plan to accelerate the developmentof strategic emerging industries. Theaim is that the industrial added value ofthese emerging industries will account forabout 8% of China’s GDP by 2015 and15% by 2020.The proportion is currently around 3%.The target shows the ambitions of the Chinesegovernment to alter economic
