Perspectives of traditional Chinese medicine in pancreas protection for acute pancreatitis

Acute pancreatitis(AP)is one of the most common diseases.AP is associated with significant morbidity and mortality,but it lacks specific and effective therapies.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is one of the most popular complementary and alternative medicine modalities worldwide for the treatment of AP.The current evidence from basic research and clinical studies has shown that TCM has good therapeutic effects on AP.This review summarizes the widely used formulas,single herbs and monomers that are used to treat AP and the potential underlying mechanisms of TCM.Because of the abundance,low cost,and safety of TCM as well as its ability to target various aspects of the pathogenesis,TCM provides potential clinical benefits and a new avenue with tremendous potential for the future treatment of AP.

Traditional Chinese medicine for vascular protection in ischemic stroke

Although new drugs and intervention strategies have emerged from recent studies of neuroprotection, compared with haemodynamic and hemorheologic factors, knowledge of vascular factors of ischemic stroke is rather limited. In practical terms, any strategy shown to reduce the incidence of fatal and nonfatal vascular events can be termed ＂vascular protection＂, including anti-thrombotic and anti-hypertensive therapies, as well as agents that directly benefit vascular endothelium. Vascular events include myocardial infarction, stroke, and claudication. Factors involved in these events include statins, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, and angiotensin receptor blockers. In traditional Chinese medicine, the principles of ＂activating blood circulation to remove stasis＂, ＂tonifying the kidney and replenishing the essence＂, ＂dispelling pathogenic wind and removing obstruction from the meridians＂, and ＂warming Yang and promoting water metabolism＂ are possibly related to vascular protection. However, more evidence is needed to correlate these positive effects with vascular protection.

Varieties of Chinese Traditional Medicines Protected by the State (Part One)

Approved by the Ministry of Public Health,the following Medicines,producedby the named enterprises,are listed as varieties of Chinese traditionalmedicines that are protected by the state.

Mechanisms and status of research on the protective effects of traditional Chinese medicine against ischemic brain injury

Ischemic brain injury occurs when the metabolic needs of brain tissue cannot be met due to insufficient blood supply to the brain.It is one of the main causes of death and adult disability worldwide.The recurrence rate of ischemic brain injury is high.It places a heavy economic burden on families and society,and seriously affects human health and quality of life.In traditional Chinese medicine,ischemic stroke belongs to the category of“stroke”.The use of traditional Chinese medicine to treat stroke has a long history.After years of experimental research,a large amount of theoretical knowledge and practical experience have been accumulated.Promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis is the basis of traditional Chinese medicine theory on the treatment of ischemic stroke.Commonly used single Chinese medicines include Chuangxiong(Ligusticum chuanxiong hort),Danggui(Angelica sinensis),Danshen(Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge),Honghua(Carthamus tinctorius L.),Mudanpi(Moutan Cortex),and Huangqi(Astragali Radix).Buyang Huanwu decoction,Xinglou Chengqi decoction,Taohong Siwu decoction,and other traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions are believed to have a protective effect against brain damage caused by ischemic stroke.With the development of modern medical technology,the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine treatments for ischemic brain injury has gradually been explored.This article reviews the mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine’s protection against ischemic brain injury and its current clinical application.

Research progress of protective effect of traditional Chinese medicine on brain cells

Objective:To review the protective effect of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)on brain cells.Methods:The domestic journals and literature are searched and reviewed,classifies them according to the mechanisms of TCM,summaries their protective effect on brain cells.Results:Some single medicine and prescriptions possess a variety of biological activity,and has a protective effect on brain cells.Conclusion:Some TCM possess a variety of biological activity and have a protective effect on brain cells,so there are broad prospects to develop and apply these TCM.

Study on Effect of Zhixinkang Capsule(脂欣康胶囊)in TreatingUnstable Effort Angina and Hyperlipidemia and Its Function in Vascular Endothelium Protection

Objective:To observe the clinical effect and protection of vascular endothelium of Zhixin-kang Capsule (ZXKC) in middle-aged and old people with unstable effort angina and hyperlipidemia. Methods: Sixty-five patients with unstable effort angina were randomly divided into ZXKC group (34 cases) and control group (31 cases). Conventional western medical therapy was given to both groups, with ZXKC group receiving additional ZXKC treatment. Data of 20 healthy persons were taken as normal group. Forty-eight patients with hyperlipidemia were divided into ZXKC group treated with ZXKC (31 cases) and control group treated with Yixintong (17 cases). The changes of clinical symptoms and laboratory indexes in all the patients were observed before and after treatment. Results: In patients with unstable effort angina, the efficacy of treatment of ZXKC, the withdrawal rate of nitroglycerin, the relieving of symptoms, the improvement of the electrocardiogram, the counts of circulating endothelial cells, the content of platelet P-selectin, the content of plasma endothelin (ET), the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the activity of malonyldialdehyde (MDA) were all better than those in the control group. In patients with hyperlipidemia, there was no significant difference in lipids reduction between ZXKC group and the control group. In both groups, the total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipo-protein-cholesterol (LDL-C), lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] , ET, oxidized low density lipoprotein, MDA, arte-riosclerotic index (AI) all lowered obviously, while the SOD, HDL-C and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) were all elevated markedly. In the ZXKC group, the nitric oxide(NO) increased significantly whereas the ET/CGRP and ET/NO decreased markedly. The total effective rate in symptom relieving, the markedly effective rate, the reduction of TC, ET and ET/CGRP, and the elevation of SOD in ZXKC group were all superior to those in the control group. Conclusion: ZXKC could effectively resist myocardial ischemia, relieve angina, reduce blood lipids, protect vascular endothelial cells, inhibit the activation of platelets, and resist lipid peroxidation.

浅析天津中药炮制技术的形成、发展与特色

天津中药饮片炮制起源于明代,成于清代,独具地方特色。为了传承与发扬天津中药炮制特色,文章通过整理文献书籍和《天津中药饮片炮制规范》2022版,分析了天津中药炮制技术的形成、发展与特色。天津中药炮制优选道地药材;修治与软化药材技术多样;切制技术兼容并蓄;辅料使用丰富多彩,重用醋与黄酒,善用甘草水炮制解毒;炮炙技术丰富,醋煮技术独具特色,通过比较《中国药典》2020版与其他地方中药材与饮片标准,挖掘出一些特色炮制品种。经过本文的挖掘与分析,可以为天津中药炮制的继承、发展与推广提供参考。

基于“筋、节、骨、髓”分型探讨神经根型颈椎病的手法治疗

神经根型颈椎病(CSR)是一种由于颈椎间盘和椎间关节退变引起的疾病,主要表现为颈部、肩部及上肢神经支配区域的疼痛、感觉异常和运动障碍。传统中医的筋骨辨证在治疗该病时存在概念不清、辨证分型不一等问题。岐黄学者林定坤教授在筋骨辨证的基础上,结合现代解剖学提出了颈椎“筋”“节”“骨”“髓”4大分型。该文通过总结林定坤教授对CSR筋骨辨证学术思想,总结手法治疗该病的作用靶点,提出基于筋劳、节错、骨变和髓损等4种病损分型,采用理筋、调节、护髓和治骨4种手法治疗,以期完善骨伤科手法治疗CSR的辨证施治体系,为临床提供参考。

中医药传统知识专门保护制度构建研究

中医药传统知识是中医药的核心内容,兼具卫生、经济、科技、文化、生态五重资源价值。目前中医药传统知识面临国外不当占有、盗用,国内传承、保护不力的双重困局,现行法律制度无法实现全面、系统保护,建立专门保护制度已成为必然选择。专门保护制度需要解决四个核心问题:对外防御侵占和不当占有,对内保护持有人权利并规范知识的获取与利用,化解持有人利益与社会公共利益之间的矛盾,处理与现行法律制度的衔接。在此基础上,提出构建中医药传统知识专门保护制度的四个机制,即阻却外国不当专利申请的防御机制、持有人权利保护机制、持有人利益与社会公共利益平衡机制、与现行法律制度的衔接机制,以更好促进中医药传统知识的保护、传承、创新、发展。

Analysis on Situation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Development and Protection Strategies in China

With the worldwide growing interest and commercial value of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)industries and products,the protection issue of TCM knowledge is increasingly concerned by Chinese government.Here,we investigated the current situation and trend of TCM development and knowledge protection in China through accessing academic research tools including China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang Data,VIP China Science and Technology Journal Database(VIP)and Google Scholar,analyzing the latest data released by National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine,China Statistical Yearbook of Chinese Medicine and China Statistical Yearbook.Our results demonstrate that current administration in China is continuing to support TCM development by increasing investment and expanding the scale in TCM research and administration.The increasing attention of Chinese scholars and government has led to laws and regulations issued more densely to strengthen TCM knowledge protection and promote fair use and fast development.

馆藏优秀传统文化资源再生性保护与价值释放——基于中医药古籍的调查分析

通过调查统计河南省各类图书馆、文博单位等中医药古籍资源存藏、保护、整理和利用情况,分析河南省中医药古籍资源馆藏开发整理存在的问题,提出“加强中医药古籍保护与利用工作的领导与统筹”“深入挖掘整理河南省中医药古籍资源”“确定重点保护对象,推进中医药古籍多层级保护”“加大中医药古籍保护领域复合型人才培养力度”“加强中医药古籍艺术与文化价值的发掘与传播”等推动河南省中医药发展的举措。

现代化中医药专利保护的制度困境与出路--基于对中医药特点与专利保护适应性的反思

符合西医药特点的专利保护制度在中医药现代化进程中难以适应。尽管现行专利制度已对涉及中药领域发明专利申请审查的特殊情形作出了具体规定,但在本土语境下据此保护主要根植于我国传统知识领域的中医药发明创造时,中医药的复杂性、整体性、道地性和时节性、差异性等特点仍未得到充分体现,并由此产生中医相关发明创造不具有专利适格性、专利审查缺乏一般性指导规则、申请文件难以通过合规性审查、申请主题的可专利性要求过高、关键性概念缺乏细化指导规则等问题。为此,可从专门审查标准的制定和商业秘密的补充保护两方面出发,寻求前述问题的具体解决方案,以应对中医药专利保护的适应性需求,从而完善中医药知识产权保护体系。

朱熹家族史事考——以婺源《韩溪程氏梅山支谱》所见朱槔佚信为中心

今上海图书馆藏婺源《韩溪程氏梅山支谱》中发现朱槔佚信三通,是朱槔随朱熹家族从婺源迁居福建后写给婺源表弟程鼎的,其中较为详细地反映出朱熹家族入闽初期的生活状况、学术转向以及与婺源韩溪程氏家族的关系等史事,可以与其它相关记载互补互证,对朱熹家族史的研究具有较高的史料价值。

中药渣在废水处理及土壤修复中的应用

随着中草药的普及和医药行业的不断发展,我国每年都会产生大量的中药渣。这些中药渣主要来源于药用动植物。传统的中药渣处置方法有焚烧法、堆放法和埋填法。这些方法不仅造成中药渣的极大浪费,而且污染环境。因此,中药渣的有效处理成为我国制药企业亟待解决的问题。近年来,中药渣在废水处理、土壤修复中的应用价值引起了广泛关注。本文将对中药渣在去除废水中重金属、抗生素、亚甲蓝及其他离子,及在重金属污染土壤修复中的应用进行综述,并对中药渣再利用中存在的问题和今后的发展进行探讨,为中药渣的可持续利用提供新的方向。

基于文化自信视角探究中医药传统知识保护

中医药传统知识是中华优秀传统文化的载体,是坚定中医文化自信的牢固根基。当前国际形势和现实国情错综复杂,基于我国的现实国情和党情,根据中医药传统知识被国内外不当占有使用、失传或国人不理解等情况,医药工作者应坚定中医药文化自信,通过提高人民群众传承中医药传统知识的积极性,同时通过完善法律及行政等手段,保护继承发展好中医药传统知识,激发中医药文化的现代活力,提高中医药临床服务能力,为建设社会主义文化强国,实现中华民族伟大复兴作出贡献。

山东海岸单叶蔓荆现状分析及保护对策

单叶蔓荆是蔓荆子药材的来源,也是重要的野生海岸保护植被,是聚社会、生态、药用价值于一体的重要资源。鉴于目前单叶蔓荆资源受到严重破坏实情,以第四次全国中药资源普查数据为基础,结合实地调研,对山东省单叶蔓荆资源分布情况和资源特点进行分析,并针对目前单叶蔓荆资源栖息地受损严重、种质资源单一、市场效益欠佳等主要问题,提出建立保护基地、选育新品种、多用途开发等多条针对性对策建议,旨在为沿海沙质海岸单叶蔓荆种源的保护和发展利用提供客观依据。

某三级甲等中医院医务人员职业暴露现状分析

目的了解中医院医务人员职业暴露现状和特征,为制订有效的职业安全防护策略提供参考。方法采用回顾性分析方法,对广东省某三级甲等中医院2020年1月至2023年12月发生职业暴露的医务人员资料进行分析。结果2020年—2023年该医院共发生职业暴露事件398例,发生率为4.83%。不同年份职业暴露发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。发生职业暴露的人群中,女性、工龄≤5年者及医生占比较高。暴露发生环节主要是拆卸器械或设备(40.70%),发生场所以病房为主(56.28%),暴露方式以锐器伤为主(87.69%),种类以针灸针最为常见(42.69%)。暴露源多见于无血源性传染疾病(51.26%)。暴露时有185人(46.48%)佩戴手套,376人(94.47%)进行符合要求的紧急应急处理。暴露后经6个月随访监测,均未发生暴露后感染。结论中医院医务人员职业暴露发生率较高,应加强规范安全注射和职业安全培训,增强职业防护意识,进一步预防职业暴露发生。

中药降糖机制研究进展

糖尿病(DM)是由于胰岛素缺乏导致血液葡萄糖升高的代谢性疾病。胰岛素抵抗(IR)导致胰岛素分泌相对不足和利用障碍;胰岛B细胞功能下降,导致胰岛素分泌绝对不足,导致血糖蓄积。中药降糖临床疗效确切,作用机制有待阐明。中药可能通过多途径、多靶点改善IR、保护胰岛B细胞功能,从而改善糖脂代谢,治疗糖尿病。本文基于近10年中药(中药活性成分、单味药、复方)降糖的研究型文献,围绕中药从抗氧化应激、抗炎、调控葡萄糖转运通路、调节肠道菌群、抑制异位脂沉积、抑制脂肪组织巨噬细胞外泌体改善IR,刺激胰岛素分泌、调控胰岛B细胞分化、损伤、凋亡、再生以保护胰岛B细胞功能2大方面,系统梳理、归纳总结中药潜在降糖机制,并立足当前中药降糖研究领域,分析目前存在问题,探索未来发展趋势和方向,为进一步探索中药治疗DM基础研究提供参考。

广西“桂十味”药材体外抗氧化活性及保护作用

目的探讨广西“桂十味”药材不同溶剂提取物体外抗氧化活性及对H_(2)O_(2)诱导HepG2和L02细胞氧化损伤的保护作用。方法以广西“桂十味”各味药材为原料,利用水和75%乙醇制备不同溶剂提取物,通过DPPH、ABTS自由基清除法和Fe^(3+)还原能力法评价其抗氧化活性,采用MTT法评价提取物对H_(2)O_(2)诱导细胞氧化损伤的保护作用。结果鸡血藤水提取物表现出最强的DPPH和ABTS自由基清除能力,鸡血藤75%乙醇提取物表现出最强的Fe^(3+)还原能力;山豆根水提取物及鸡血藤75%乙醇提取物对H_(2)O_(2)诱导HepG2细胞氧化损伤的保护作用最强;鸡骨草水提取物及龙眼肉、莪术75%乙醇提取物对H_(2)O_(2)诱导L02细胞氧化损伤的保护作用最强。结论通过比较“桂十味”各味药材不同溶剂提取物的抗氧化活性及对H_(2)O_(2)诱导细胞氧化损伤的保护作用,可为后期“桂十味”道地药材的抗氧化研发提供实验基础。

蒽环类药物心脏毒副作用机制及中医药治疗研究进展

蒽环类药物是恶性肿瘤常用的化疗药物之一,但蒽环类药物引起的心脏毒性已成为恶性肿瘤治疗的最严重并发症之一,从而限制了蒽环类化疗药物的临床应用。中医药在恶性肿瘤的治疗过程中起着重要作用。中药可以预防、治疗以及减少因蒽环类药物治疗所造成的心脏毒性。在保护心肌方面,中药能够降低心肌缺血再灌注损伤、拮抗氧化应激、改善心肌重塑、调节细胞凋亡,进一步拓展了中医药治疗的应用前景。本文就近年来蒽环类药物引起心脏毒性的作用机制的研究新进展和因其治疗引起的心脏毒性方面的研究进行综述。