下胶材料对低醇葡萄酒质量的影响

以牛血清蛋白、明胶及皂土为下胶材料,对赤霞珠和佳丽酿为原料酿造的低醇葡萄酒进行下胶实验。结果表明,牛血清蛋白澄清效果最不明显,加入量超过0．05g/L时可使酒中的蛋白质含量和总酚含量增加,吸光值稍微降低；加入明胶和皂土后,葡萄酒的澄清速度较快,蛋白质和总酚含量及吸光值均降低,且随着加入量的增加,降低幅度逐渐增大。三种下胶材料中,皂土的澄清效果最明显,但使酒的口味变淡,颜色变浅,在生产上应慎用；明胶可以优先考虑,因为它的澄清效果较好,颜色变化较小,但易下胶过量,应结合单宁一起使用,效果更佳。

大豆新品种农艺性状及品质性状研究分析

针对大豆生产现状,对近年来山西农大培育出的适应不同生态区的大豆品种的品质性状进行了研究,其中有国审豆2001006晋大53,国审豆2003006晋大70,省级审定的晋大74和晋豆26,本文对大豆农艺性状、品质性状(包括蛋白质和脂肪含量)、产量性状及生育期进行比较分析。结果表明:四个品种农艺性状符合高品质要求,均有较高的含油量,通过用新复极查法(SSRa)比较分析,结果表明:晋大74在高水肥条件下产量可达4909.5kg/hm2,与其它品种比较差异极显著;四个品种在含油量方面与同纬度地区比较差异显著。其中晋大70的蛋白质含量为41.18%,脂肪含量为22.06%,属于国家双高品种。另外,四个品种的生育期在中国的北方几乎所有的地区均能满足,因此有利于多个生态区的种植,具有广泛的对气候的适应性,有利于大面积推广。

离子束介导外源基因群转移小麦的研究

通过能量为30KV,剂量2×10^(17)N^+/cm^2的离子注入,将大豆全NDA导入新麦9号籽粒种胚,结果表明,处理后当代后熟植株籽粒蛋白质含量有明显变化,得到了一批高蛋白的极端变异材料,收获的植株中蛋白含量高于对照20％的植株占6.1％。说明通过离子束个导外源DNA转化技术可对种子直接转化,并获得高蛋白材料,它有可能成为一种无性的边缘育种手段。

中日水稻品种的食味比较

近年来日本稻米品质和食味研究取得了举世瞩目的成就。在中国,由于经济快速发展,稻米食味研究逐渐展开,为了给中国优质食味品种选育提供理论依据,从1998年开始对中日品种进行食味比较研究,以食味理化特性及品尝鉴定试验研究结果为依据,分析了中国水稻品种食味特性,即低直链淀粉含量和低蛋白质含量兼备的品种很少,结果导致食味品尝试验各项目的平衡性不好,综合评价不如日本优良食味品种。

Diversity in the Content of Some Nutritional Components in Husked Seeds of Three Wild Rice Species and Rice Varieties in Yunnan Province of China

In addition to rice （Oryza sativa L.） cultivars, there are three wild rice species, namely O. rufipogon Griff, O. officinalis Wall and O. granulata Baill, in Yunnan Province, China. Each species has different subtypes and ecological distributions. Yunnan wild rice species are excellent genetic resources for developing new rice cultivars. The nutritional components of the husked seeds of wild rice have not been investigated thus far. Herein, we report on the contents of total protein, starch, amylose, 17 amino acids, and five macro and five trace mineral elements in husked seeds from three wild rice species and six O. sativa cultivars. The mean （± SD） protein content in the husked rice of O. rufipogon, O. officinalis, and O. granulata was （14.5 ± 0.6）%, （16.3 ± 1.1）%, and （15.3 ± 0.5）%, respectively. O. officinalis III originating from Gengma had the highest protein content （19.3%）. In contrast, the average protein content of six O. sativa cultivars was only 9.15%. The total content of 17 amino acids of three wild rice species was 30%-50% higher than that of the six cultivars. Tyrosine, lysine, and valine content in the three wild rice species was 34%-209% higher than that of the cultivars. However, the difference in total starch content among different O. sativa varieties or types of wild rice species was very small. The average amylose content of O. rufipogon, O. officinalis, and O. granulata was 12.0%, 9.7%, and 11.3%, respectively, much lower than that of the indica and japonica varieties （14.37%-17.17%） but much higher than that of the glutinous rice cultivars （3.89%）. The sulfur, phosphorus, magnesium, zinc, and ferrite content in the three wild rice species was 30%-158% higher than that of the six cultivars. The considerable difference in some nutritional components among wild rice species and O. sativa cultivars represents a wide biodiversity of Yunnan Oryza species. Based on the results of the present study, it is predicted that some good genetic traits, especially high protein and ideal amylose content, of Yunnan wild rice species may be useful in improving the nutritional value of rice. This is the first report regarding the amino acid, mineral element, protein and amylose content of husked seeds of some Yunnan wild rice species that have important genetic characteristics for rice quality and nutritional value.