Background:Globally,dengue infections constitute a significant public health burden.In recent decades,Malaysia has become a dengue hyper-endemic country with the co-circulation of the four dengue virus serotypes.The c...Background:Globally,dengue infections constitute a significant public health burden.In recent decades,Malaysia has become a dengue hyper-endemic country with the co-circulation of the four dengue virus serotypes.The cyclical dominance of sub-types contributes to a pattern of major outbreaks.The consequences can be observed in the rising incidence of reported dengue cases and dengue related deaths.Understanding the complex interaction of the dengue virus,its human hosts and the mosquito vectors at the community level may help develop strategies for addressing the problem.Methods:A prospective cohort study will be conducted in Segamat district of Johor State in Peninsular Malaysia.Researchers received approval from the Malaysian Medical Research Ethics Committee and Monash University Human Research Ethics Committee.The study will be conducted at a Malaysian based health and demographic surveillance site over a 1 year period in three different settings(urban,semi-urban and rural).The study will recruit healthy adults(male and female)aged 18 years and over,from three ethnic groups(Malay,Chinese and Indian).The sample size calculated using the Fleiss method with continuity correction is 333.Sero-surveillance of participants will be undertaken to identify asymptomatic,otherwise healthy cases;cases with dengue fever who are managed as out-patients;and cases with dengue fever admitted to a hospital.A genetic analysis of the participants will be undertaken to determine whether there is a relationship between genetic predisposition and disease severity.A detailed medical history,past history of dengue infection,vaccination history against other flaviviruses such as Japanese encephalitis and Yellow fever,and the family history of dengue infection will also be collected.In addition,a mosquito surveillance will be carried out simultaneously in recruitment areas to determine the molecular taxonomy of circulating vectors.Discussion:The research findings will estimate the burden of asymptomatic and symptomatic dengue at the community level.It will also examine the relationship between virus serotypes and host genotypes,and the association of the clinical manifestation of the early phase with the entire course of illness.展开更多
Purpose： To evaluate massive transfusion protocol practices by trauma type at a level I trauma center. Methods： A retrospective analysis was performed on a sample of 76 trauma patients with MTP activation between Ma...Purpose： To evaluate massive transfusion protocol practices by trauma type at a level I trauma center. Methods： A retrospective analysis was performed on a sample of 76 trauma patients with MTP activation between March 2010 and January 2015 at a regional trauma center. Patient demographics, transfusion practices, and clinical outcomes were compared by type of trauma sustained. Results： Penetrating trauma patients who required MTP activation were significantly younger, had lower injury severity score （ISS）, higher probability of survival （POS）, decreased mortality, and higher Glasgow Coma scale （GCS） compared to blunt trauma patients. Overall, the mortality rate was 38.16~. The most common injury sustained among blunt trauma patients was head injury （36.21~）, whereas the majority of the penetrating trauma patients sustained abdominal injuries （55.56~）. Although the admission coagulation parameters and timing of coagulopathy were not significantly different between the two groups of patients, a significantly higher proportion of penetrating trauma patients received high plasma content therapy relative to blunt trauma patients （p 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion： Despite the use of the same MTP for all injured patients requiring massive transfusion, significant differences existed between blunt trauma patients and penetrating trauma patients. These differences in transfusion characteristics and outcomes following MTP activation underscore the complexity of implementing MTPs and warrant vigilant transfusion practices to improve outcomes in trauma patients.展开更多
可伸缩视频编码(Scalable Video Coding,SVC)一般采用实时传输协议(Real-time Transport Protocol,RTP)保证视频数据流的实时传输和质量监测。在分析SVC码流结构和RTP协议的基础上实现了H.264/SVC视频数据的RTP封装算法,提出基本层与增...可伸缩视频编码(Scalable Video Coding,SVC)一般采用实时传输协议(Real-time Transport Protocol,RTP)保证视频数据流的实时传输和质量监测。在分析SVC码流结构和RTP协议的基础上实现了H.264/SVC视频数据的RTP封装算法,提出基本层与增强层分离的方法用于模拟可伸缩视频流在模拟测试环境中的传输,提出基于RTP封装的差错隐藏方法解决质量增强层数据丢失问题。实验结果证明了封装算法的有效性、标准兼容性和可扩展性。展开更多
通过对网络性能管理指标对应的变量对象特性分析,发现有关性能变量对象在MIB库的树状结构中的分布特点,并根据性能数据定时轮询采集和实时随机采集的两种基本数据采集方式,充分利用SNMP操作原语的数据采集工作原理,提出了一种新的适合...通过对网络性能管理指标对应的变量对象特性分析,发现有关性能变量对象在MIB库的树状结构中的分布特点,并根据性能数据定时轮询采集和实时随机采集的两种基本数据采集方式,充分利用SNMP操作原语的数据采集工作原理,提出了一种新的适合性能管理系统的数据采集方法——PMDC(Performance Management Data Collect)方法,通过与传统方法分析对比,PMDC方法不仅提高了性能数据采集效率,并且缩短了响应时间和节约了网络资源。展开更多
基金The study is funded primarily by the“Infection and Immunity Cluster”of the“Tropical Medicine and Biology Platform”of Monash University Malaysia(fund code is 5140762)and by SEACO(fund code is 2500047)SEACO is funded by the office of the Vice Provost Research,Monash University Australia+1 种基金the office of the Deputy Dean Research,Faculty of Medicine,Nursing and Health Sciences,Monash University Australiathe Monash Malaysia School of Medicine and Health Sciences and the Monash University Malaysia Campus.
文摘Background:Globally,dengue infections constitute a significant public health burden.In recent decades,Malaysia has become a dengue hyper-endemic country with the co-circulation of the four dengue virus serotypes.The cyclical dominance of sub-types contributes to a pattern of major outbreaks.The consequences can be observed in the rising incidence of reported dengue cases and dengue related deaths.Understanding the complex interaction of the dengue virus,its human hosts and the mosquito vectors at the community level may help develop strategies for addressing the problem.Methods:A prospective cohort study will be conducted in Segamat district of Johor State in Peninsular Malaysia.Researchers received approval from the Malaysian Medical Research Ethics Committee and Monash University Human Research Ethics Committee.The study will be conducted at a Malaysian based health and demographic surveillance site over a 1 year period in three different settings(urban,semi-urban and rural).The study will recruit healthy adults(male and female)aged 18 years and over,from three ethnic groups(Malay,Chinese and Indian).The sample size calculated using the Fleiss method with continuity correction is 333.Sero-surveillance of participants will be undertaken to identify asymptomatic,otherwise healthy cases;cases with dengue fever who are managed as out-patients;and cases with dengue fever admitted to a hospital.A genetic analysis of the participants will be undertaken to determine whether there is a relationship between genetic predisposition and disease severity.A detailed medical history,past history of dengue infection,vaccination history against other flaviviruses such as Japanese encephalitis and Yellow fever,and the family history of dengue infection will also be collected.In addition,a mosquito surveillance will be carried out simultaneously in recruitment areas to determine the molecular taxonomy of circulating vectors.Discussion:The research findings will estimate the burden of asymptomatic and symptomatic dengue at the community level.It will also examine the relationship between virus serotypes and host genotypes,and the association of the clinical manifestation of the early phase with the entire course of illness.
文摘Purpose： To evaluate massive transfusion protocol practices by trauma type at a level I trauma center. Methods： A retrospective analysis was performed on a sample of 76 trauma patients with MTP activation between March 2010 and January 2015 at a regional trauma center. Patient demographics, transfusion practices, and clinical outcomes were compared by type of trauma sustained. Results： Penetrating trauma patients who required MTP activation were significantly younger, had lower injury severity score （ISS）, higher probability of survival （POS）, decreased mortality, and higher Glasgow Coma scale （GCS） compared to blunt trauma patients. Overall, the mortality rate was 38.16~. The most common injury sustained among blunt trauma patients was head injury （36.21~）, whereas the majority of the penetrating trauma patients sustained abdominal injuries （55.56~）. Although the admission coagulation parameters and timing of coagulopathy were not significantly different between the two groups of patients, a significantly higher proportion of penetrating trauma patients received high plasma content therapy relative to blunt trauma patients （p 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion： Despite the use of the same MTP for all injured patients requiring massive transfusion, significant differences existed between blunt trauma patients and penetrating trauma patients. These differences in transfusion characteristics and outcomes following MTP activation underscore the complexity of implementing MTPs and warrant vigilant transfusion practices to improve outcomes in trauma patients.
文摘可伸缩视频编码(Scalable Video Coding,SVC)一般采用实时传输协议(Real-time Transport Protocol,RTP)保证视频数据流的实时传输和质量监测。在分析SVC码流结构和RTP协议的基础上实现了H.264/SVC视频数据的RTP封装算法,提出基本层与增强层分离的方法用于模拟可伸缩视频流在模拟测试环境中的传输,提出基于RTP封装的差错隐藏方法解决质量增强层数据丢失问题。实验结果证明了封装算法的有效性、标准兼容性和可扩展性。
文摘通过对网络性能管理指标对应的变量对象特性分析,发现有关性能变量对象在MIB库的树状结构中的分布特点,并根据性能数据定时轮询采集和实时随机采集的两种基本数据采集方式,充分利用SNMP操作原语的数据采集工作原理,提出了一种新的适合性能管理系统的数据采集方法——PMDC(Performance Management Data Collect)方法,通过与传统方法分析对比,PMDC方法不仅提高了性能数据采集效率,并且缩短了响应时间和节约了网络资源。
