The salt-secreting mangrove, Avicennia marina, and non-salt-secreting mangrove, Kandelia candel were cultivated in sand with various salinities(0‰, 10‰, 20‰, 30‰, 40‰) for 60 d. Plasma membrane vesicles of high-p...The salt-secreting mangrove, Avicennia marina, and non-salt-secreting mangrove, Kandelia candel were cultivated in sand with various salinities(0‰, 10‰, 20‰, 30‰, 40‰) for 60 d. Plasma membrane vesicles of high-purity in leaves and roots of A.marina and K. candel seedlings were obtained by two-phase partitioning. The function of the plasma membranes, the activity of ATPase, membrane potential and transmembrane proton gradient, at various salinities were investigated. The results showed that within a certain range of salinity(A. marina and roots of K. candel: 0—30‰; leaves of K.candel: 0—20‰), the activity of ATPase increased with increasing salinity, while high salinity(above 30‰ or 20‰) inhibited ATPase activity. In comparison with A. marina, K. candel appeared to be more sensitive to salinity. The dynamics of membrane potential and transmembrane proton gradient in leaves and roots of A. marina and K. candel seedlings were similar to that of ATPase. When treated directly by NaCl all the indexes were inhibited markedly: there was a little increase within 0—10‰(K. candel) or 0—20‰(A. marina) followed by sharp declining. It indicated that the structure and function of plasma membrane was damaged severely.展开更多
In light, the photosynthetic reactions of redox in thylakoids release protons which drive CF<sub>0</sub>-CF<sub>1</sub> complex to energize ATP formation, while the oxidation of water by PSII a...In light, the photosynthetic reactions of redox in thylakoids release protons which drive CF<sub>0</sub>-CF<sub>1</sub> complex to energize ATP formation, while the oxidation of water by PSII and that of PQH<sub>2</sub> by PSI are linked by cytochrome CF<sub>0</sub>. The unsolved problem is how these protons are diffused to ATP synthetase from the pumping sites. About展开更多
The effects of LaCl 3 on membrane potential and transmembrane proton gradient for rice ( Oryza sativa ) seedling roots were studied. Highly purified plasma membrane was isolated by aqueous two phase partitioning m...The effects of LaCl 3 on membrane potential and transmembrane proton gradient for rice ( Oryza sativa ) seedling roots were studied. Highly purified plasma membrane was isolated by aqueous two phase partitioning method. Both the gradient of transmembrane proton and membrane potential were stimulated by certain low concentration of LaCl 3 and depressed by high concentration of LaCl 3. The optimal concentration of La 3+ is around 40～60 μmol·L -1 for transmembrane proton gradient and membrane potential. It shows that La 3+ can influence the generations and maintenances of membrane potential and transmembrane proton gradient in rice seedling roots.展开更多
The excited state intramolecular proton transfer of four derivatives(FM, BFM, BFBC, CCM) of 3-hydroxychromone is investigated.The geometries of different substituents are optimized to study the substituent effects on ...The excited state intramolecular proton transfer of four derivatives(FM, BFM, BFBC, CCM) of 3-hydroxychromone is investigated.The geometries of different substituents are optimized to study the substituent effects on proton transfer.The mechanism of hydrogen bond enhancement is qualitatively elucidated by comparing the infrared spectra, the reduced density gradient, and the frontier molecular orbitals.The calculated electronic spectra are consistent with the experimental results.To quantify the proton transfer, the potential energy curves(PECs) of the four derivatives in S0 and S1 states are scanned.It is concluded that the ability of proton transfer follows the order: FM > BFM > BFBC > CCM.展开更多
The effects of LaCl 3 on membrane potential and transmembrane proton gradient for rice ( Oryza sativa ) seedling roots were studied. Highly purified plasma membranes were isolated by aqueous two phase partitioning met...The effects of LaCl 3 on membrane potential and transmembrane proton gradient for rice ( Oryza sativa ) seedling roots were studied. Highly purified plasma membranes were isolated by aqueous two phase partitioning method. Both the gradient of transmembrane proton and membrane potential were stimulated by certain low concentration of LaCl 3 and depressed by high concentration of LaCl 3. The optimal concentration of La 3+ was around 40～60 μmol·L -1 for transmembrane proton gradient and membrane potential. It is suggested that La 3+ can influence the generations and maintenances of membrane potential and transmembrane proton gradient in rice seedling roots.展开更多
Britton Chance was a truly inspiring scientist,among the greatest.His long and vigorous career in biochemistry,biophysics,and biological instrumentation began with his now-classic kinetic and spectroscopic studies of ...Britton Chance was a truly inspiring scientist,among the greatest.His long and vigorous career in biochemistry,biophysics,and biological instrumentation began with his now-classic kinetic and spectroscopic studies of the mechanisms of action of individual enzymes:catalases,peroxidases,and dehydrogenases.展开更多
质子放射用于放射肿瘤治疗有良好效果,需要用到质子加速器。介质壁加速器(DWA)是一种基于固态脉冲形成线、光导开关和绝缘介质壁等关键技术为一体的新概念直线加速器,可用于质子肿瘤治疗。为此,介绍了研发新型医疗加速器的必要和介质壁...质子放射用于放射肿瘤治疗有良好效果,需要用到质子加速器。介质壁加速器(DWA)是一种基于固态脉冲形成线、光导开关和绝缘介质壁等关键技术为一体的新概念直线加速器,可用于质子肿瘤治疗。为此,介绍了研发新型医疗加速器的必要和介质壁加速器用于肿瘤治疗的优势:质子用于肿瘤治疗时,有明确的射程,可以使辐射剂量主要沉淀在肿瘤区域,提高治疗效果,降低对非肿瘤区正常组织的伤害;介质壁加速器加速梯度最高可达100 MV/m,可以有效实现加速器的小型化、紧凑化,降低建造以及运行维护成本。此外,重点介绍了中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所在介质壁加速器关键技术研究所取得的进展,包括固态脉冲形成线技术,高梯度绝缘介质壁技术,光导开关及其触发技术,以及一种300 k V的脉冲功率源等。展开更多
文摘The salt-secreting mangrove, Avicennia marina, and non-salt-secreting mangrove, Kandelia candel were cultivated in sand with various salinities(0‰, 10‰, 20‰, 30‰, 40‰) for 60 d. Plasma membrane vesicles of high-purity in leaves and roots of A.marina and K. candel seedlings were obtained by two-phase partitioning. The function of the plasma membranes, the activity of ATPase, membrane potential and transmembrane proton gradient, at various salinities were investigated. The results showed that within a certain range of salinity(A. marina and roots of K. candel: 0—30‰; leaves of K.candel: 0—20‰), the activity of ATPase increased with increasing salinity, while high salinity(above 30‰ or 20‰) inhibited ATPase activity. In comparison with A. marina, K. candel appeared to be more sensitive to salinity. The dynamics of membrane potential and transmembrane proton gradient in leaves and roots of A. marina and K. candel seedlings were similar to that of ATPase. When treated directly by NaCl all the indexes were inhibited markedly: there was a little increase within 0—10‰(K. candel) or 0—20‰(A. marina) followed by sharp declining. It indicated that the structure and function of plasma membrane was damaged severely.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘In light, the photosynthetic reactions of redox in thylakoids release protons which drive CF<sub>0</sub>-CF<sub>1</sub> complex to energize ATP formation, while the oxidation of water by PSII and that of PQH<sub>2</sub> by PSI are linked by cytochrome CF<sub>0</sub>. The unsolved problem is how these protons are diffused to ATP synthetase from the pumping sites. About
文摘The effects of LaCl 3 on membrane potential and transmembrane proton gradient for rice ( Oryza sativa ) seedling roots were studied. Highly purified plasma membrane was isolated by aqueous two phase partitioning method. Both the gradient of transmembrane proton and membrane potential were stimulated by certain low concentration of LaCl 3 and depressed by high concentration of LaCl 3. The optimal concentration of La 3+ is around 40～60 μmol·L -1 for transmembrane proton gradient and membrane potential. It shows that La 3+ can influence the generations and maintenances of membrane potential and transmembrane proton gradient in rice seedling roots.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11874241,11847224,and 11804195)the Shandong Province Higher Educational Science and Technology Program,China(Grant No.J15LJ03)+1 种基金the Taishan Scholar Project of Shandong Province,China,China Post-Doctoral Foundation(Grant No.2018M630796)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(Grant No.ZR2018BA034)
文摘The excited state intramolecular proton transfer of four derivatives(FM, BFM, BFBC, CCM) of 3-hydroxychromone is investigated.The geometries of different substituents are optimized to study the substituent effects on proton transfer.The mechanism of hydrogen bond enhancement is qualitatively elucidated by comparing the infrared spectra, the reduced density gradient, and the frontier molecular orbitals.The calculated electronic spectra are consistent with the experimental results.To quantify the proton transfer, the potential energy curves(PECs) of the four derivatives in S0 and S1 states are scanned.It is concluded that the ability of proton transfer follows the order: FM > BFM > BFBC > CCM.
文摘The effects of LaCl 3 on membrane potential and transmembrane proton gradient for rice ( Oryza sativa ) seedling roots were studied. Highly purified plasma membranes were isolated by aqueous two phase partitioning method. Both the gradient of transmembrane proton and membrane potential were stimulated by certain low concentration of LaCl 3 and depressed by high concentration of LaCl 3. The optimal concentration of La 3+ was around 40～60 μmol·L -1 for transmembrane proton gradient and membrane potential. It is suggested that La 3+ can influence the generations and maintenances of membrane potential and transmembrane proton gradient in rice seedling roots.
文摘Britton Chance was a truly inspiring scientist,among the greatest.His long and vigorous career in biochemistry,biophysics,and biological instrumentation began with his now-classic kinetic and spectroscopic studies of the mechanisms of action of individual enzymes:catalases,peroxidases,and dehydrogenases.
文摘质子放射用于放射肿瘤治疗有良好效果,需要用到质子加速器。介质壁加速器(DWA)是一种基于固态脉冲形成线、光导开关和绝缘介质壁等关键技术为一体的新概念直线加速器,可用于质子肿瘤治疗。为此,介绍了研发新型医疗加速器的必要和介质壁加速器用于肿瘤治疗的优势:质子用于肿瘤治疗时,有明确的射程,可以使辐射剂量主要沉淀在肿瘤区域,提高治疗效果,降低对非肿瘤区正常组织的伤害;介质壁加速器加速梯度最高可达100 MV/m,可以有效实现加速器的小型化、紧凑化,降低建造以及运行维护成本。此外,重点介绍了中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所在介质壁加速器关键技术研究所取得的进展,包括固态脉冲形成线技术,高梯度绝缘介质壁技术,光导开关及其触发技术,以及一种300 k V的脉冲功率源等。
