Model for Quantitatively Estimating Marine Biogeographic Provinciality——A Case Study of the Permian Marine Biogeography Provincialism

The relationship between the number, position and orientation of lithosphericplates and marine biogeographic provinciality may be quantified since the spatial distribution oforganisms is primarily controlled by latitude-related temperature gradients and geographicalbarriers-two dynamic biogeographic determinants whose variation is closely related to thespatial disposition of continents and oceans. This paper modifies Schopf s (1976) model forquantitatively estimating shallow marine provinciality in recognition of latitude-related tem-perature gradients as the primary biogeographical factor. A test of the modified model againstmodern marine zoogeography reveals high consistency between them. Using this modified mod-el and the Permian palaeogeographical reconstruction maps of Scotese and McKerrow (1990),fifteen shallow benthic marine provinces are estimated to be Early and Late Permian in agerespectively. A comparison of the estimated Permian marine provinciality with previouslyrecognised empirical provincial patterns reveals a high degree of congruity, which may implythat there existed moderate to high latitudinal thermal gradients during the Permian, a levelprobably similar to that of the present world.

Provincialism of the late Middle through middle Late Cambrian paraconodonts and protoconodonts

Quantitative paleoprovincialism is studied, using a coefficient of similarity (CS) formula. The results indicate that the provincialism of the late Middle through middle Late Cambrian paraconodonts and protoconodonts did exist. The provincialism of Ordovician conodonts can be traced back to late Middle Cambrian. The North China Province and South China Province can be recognized in late Middle Cambrian, whereas the North China Province, South China Province and Balitca Province can be recognized respectively in early Late Cambrian and middle Late Cambrian. The possibility that the larger units of provincialism, i.e. Faunal Regions existed in the areas mentioned above is discussed. It is inferred that the Midcontinent Faunal Region and the Atlantic Faunal Region had existed in early Late Cambrian and middle Late Cambrian. The North China Province was the secondary unit of provincialism in the Midcontinent Faunal Region, while the Baltica Province was that in the Atlantic Faunal Region. The South China

A Brief Introduction to Sichuan Academy of Social Sciences

Sichuan Academy of Social Sciences is the think tank for the People’s Government of Sichuan Province and the Sichuan Provincial Committee of the CPC,with full financial backing of the Party and the government.The Academy consists of 16 institutes,1 graduate school,10 departments of scientific research management services.At the end of 2023 the staff numbered 459.Among the scientific research personnel,79 employees have senior professional titles,and 147 employees have associate senior professional titles;31 employees are experts entitled to special allowances of the State Council,33 employees are provincial academic and technical leaders,20 employees are experts with outstanding contributions at provincial level;and 184 employees have doctorate degrees.

Developing an evaluation model to support evidence-based decision-making on provincial vaccination program of Zhejiang province

Vaccines are considered as one of the most cost-effective interventions to improve the global public health by reducing mortality and morbidity[1].At an ever-increasing pace,new vaccines are being developed and licensed in China,driven by initiatives from both domestic and international vaccine companies.New vaccines are evaluated by Chinese Advisory Committee on Immunization,which makes decisions regarding the use of vaccines based on the epidemiological context in China.

A Brief Introduction to Sichuan Academyof Social Sciences

Sichuan Academy of Social Sciences is the think tank for the People’s Government of Sichuan Province and the Sichuan Provincial Committee of the CPC,with full financial backing of the Party and the government.The Academy consists of 15 institutes,1 graduate school,10 departments of scientific research management services and 17 branches.At the end of 2015 the staff numbered 1,200,including 710 employees with full financial allocation(459 on–the–job employees and 265 retired employees),and 405 master graduate students.Among the scientific research personnel,62 employees have senior professional titles,and 125 employees have associate senior professional titles;19 employees are experts entitled to special allowances of the State Council,21 employees are provincial academic and technical leaders,16 employees are experts with outstanding contributions at provincial level;and 115 employees have doctorate degrees.The publications sponsored by the Academy are 9 magazines and 1 newspaper,namely Social Science Research,Mao Zedong Thought Study,Deng Xiaoping Research,Reform of Economic System,Rural Economy,Forum on Chinese Culture,Western China,Contemporary County Economy,Contemporary Social Sciences(English).

Assessment of Acute Poisoning Cases in Emergency Department of the Provincial General Reference Hospital in Bukavu, DR-Congo

Background: Acute intoxications result from intentionally or accidentally taking a relatively significant amount of a chemical substance which triggers disturbances in the level of psychophysiological functions, the complications of which may lead to mental disorders, physical causalities, and death. Any acute intoxication mostly requires emergency care. Objective: To highlight the prevalence, history, clinical features, emergency treatment, and prediction of acute intoxication cases referred to the emergency services at the Provincial General Reference Hospital in Bukavu, DR-Congo. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2021 to October 2022 based on an analysis of patients’ medical files. Triage was performed among all-type of patient files recorded in the computerized hospital database Ebale-Sante to sort cases of intoxication. Results: During the observational period, 3966 emergency admissions were counted, of which 321 (8.09%) patients were identified as having acute intoxication. Among these, 100 files that containing sufficient information fit the quality criteria for this study’s analysis. The victims were infants, adolescents and adults aged 1 - 45 years, and 52% were female and 48% were male. Most cases were accidental and, occurred at home, and the victims were driven to the hospital within 2 - 24 hours. The substances consumed included household products, drugs, and herbs. Resuscitation care, antidotes and supportive symptomatic medications ensured that 85% were healed and 10% experienced sequelae;however, 5% died. Conclusion: Acute intoxication occurs in infants mostly accidentally though the ingestion of household products and medicines. Furthermore, suicide cases may occur in traumatized adolescents and discordant couples. People should be informed about how to store hazardous products (e.g.: drugs, household products and pesticides), which should not be available to children, to avoid unintentional poisoning. Special training in clinical toxicology is required to reduce treatment failure.

THE PANDA PARADISE

The city of Ya’an in southwest China’s Sichuan Province is the hometown of giant pandas.It has also become known as the“lung of the provincial capital Chengdu”and a“gene pool of flora and fauna.”Here,the harmonious coexistence between humans and nature serves as an embodiment of Xi Jinping’s thought on ecological civilization.

Stratigraphic framework of late Paleozoic in northeastern China

Late Paleozoic strata in northeastern China are distributed in a zonal pattern around the old-land on the Jiamusi-Mongolia Block. They are composed of active deposits in the regular distributed tectonic lithofacies zones. This indicates that the late Paleozoic strata belong to continental margin deposits. According to the strong conformability of the sedimentary strata in the same continental margin and distinct differences among the three continental margins, three stratigraphical regions of the Jiamusi-Mongolia Stratigraphical Province are recognized along the northern, southern and eastern margins of the Jiamusi-Mongolia Block, named respectively as Xing＇an Stratigraphical Region, Inner Mongolia grass-Songhua River Stratigraphical Region and Baoqing-Hunchun Stra- tigraphical Region. Due to the characteristics of continental margin deposits and active sediments, the strata can be correlated on the level of formation by the methods of analysing the rock association in the same stratigraphic region. Therefore, some revisions of the lithologieal formations of the late Paleozoic strata in northeastern China have been made, and a new chart of lithostratigraphic correlation has been proposed. Furthermore, the present stratigraphic framework is setting on the International Stratigraphic Chart on the level of stage, after comprehen- sive researches to lithostratigraphy, biostratigraphy and chronostratigraphy, especially the conodont biostratigra- phy and isotopic ages of volcanic rocks obtained in recent years.

Impacts of Climate Change on Rice Yield in China From 1961 to 2010 Based on Provincial Data

The impacts of climate change on rice yield in China from 1961 to 2010 were studied in this paper, based on the provincial data, in order to develop scientiifc countermeasures. The results indicated that increase of average temperature improved single cropping rice production on national level by up to 11%relative to the average over the study period, however, it resulted in an overall loss of double cropping rice by up to 1.9%. The decrease of diurnal temperature range （DTR） in the major producing regions caused the decrease by up to 3.0%for single cropping rice production and 2.0%for double cropping rice production. Moreover, the contribution of precipitation change reached about 6.2%for single cropping rice production, but no signiifcant effect for double cropping rice production in recent 50 years.

Assessment of Flood Catastrophe Risk for Grain Production at the Provincial Scale in China Based on the BMM Method

Flood catastrophe risk assessment is imperative for the steady development of agriculture under the context of global climate change,and meanwhile,it is an urgent scientific issue need to be solved in agricultural risk assessment discipline.This paper developed the methodology of flood catastrophe risk assessment,which can be shown as the standard process of crop loss calculation,Monte Carlo simulation,the generalized extreme value distribution（GEV） fitting,and risk evaluation.Data on crop loss were collected based on hectares covered by natural disasters,hectares affected by natural disasters,and hectares destroyed by natural disasters using the standard equation.Monte Carlo simulation based on appropriate distribution was used to expand sample size to overcome the insufficiency of crop loss data.Block maxima model（BMM） approach based on the extreme value theory was for modeling the generalized extreme value distribution（GEV） of flood catastrophe loss,and then flood catastrophe risk at the provincial scale in China was calculated.The Type III Extreme distribution（Weibull） has a weighted advantage of modeling flood catastrophe risk for grain production.The impact of flood catastrophe to grain production in China was significantly serious,and high or very high risk of flood catastrophe mainly concentrates on the central and eastern regions of China.Given the scenario of suffering once-in-a-century flood disaster,for majority of the major-producing provinces,the probability of 10% reduction of grain output is more than 90%.Especially,the probabilities of more than 15% decline in grain production reach up to 99.99,99.86,99.69,and 91.60% respectively in Anhui,Jilin,Liaoning,and Heilongjiang.Flood catastrophe assessment can provide multifaceted information about flood catastrophe risk that can help to guide management of flood catastrophe.

Study on the Characteristics of Urban Air Pollution Based on Correspondence Analysis--A Case Study of Six Provincial Capitals in Central-south China

[Objective] The aim was to study the characteristics of urban air pollution on the basis of correspondence analysis.[Method] By using the correlated data from China Statistical Yearbook in 2010,a correspondence analysis on the air pollution indicators(like respirable particles,SO2 and NO2) of six provincial capitals in central-south China was carried out by means of SPSS software,and the characteristics of air pollution in the cities of China during different industrialization stages were summarized further.[Result] In the cities during early industrialization(like Nanning City and Guiyang City) and mineral resource-based cities(like Taiyuan City),the air was mainly polluted by SO2;for the cities in the middle industrialization(such as Changsha City,Wuhan City,Zhengzhou City and Chengdu City),the air was polluted by respirable particles chiefly;in the cities in late industrialization(like Guangzhou City and Shenzhen City) or completing industrialization(like Shanghai City),the air was mainly polluted by NO2;for the cities in pre-industrial stage(like Haikou City and Lhasa City),the characteristic of air pollution wasn’t obvious.[Conclusion] The study could provide references for the control of urban air pollution in China in the further.

Research on the hierarchical structure of the metropolitan system and economic development of the provincial capital urban circle in Shandong

Regional development is the trend for future urbanization,and the urban circle is a highly efficient economic spatial pattern of regional development.This study selects statistical data of urban area population,GDP,and the output value of tertiary industry for seven cities in China- Jinan,Zibo,Tai'an,Laiwu,Dezhou,Liaocheng,and Binzhou- in the Shandong provincial capital urban circle from 2005 to 2009.It uses the principles and Zipf model,rank-size rule,and Lotka logarithmic model to analyze and study the hierarchical structure of the metropolitan system and economic development of the Shandong provincial capital urban circle.Based on the above research,this paper provides references for decisionmaking on enhancement of the metropolitan system structure,improvement in core city primacy index,the optimal adjustment of industrial structure and the optimal allocation of essential resources.

A New Species of the Genus Tylototriton (Urodela: Salamandridae) from Northeastern Hunan Province, China

We describe a new species from the family Salamandridae from northeastern Hunan Province of China based on morphological and molecular genetic evidences.The new species,Tylototriton liuyangensis,is a member of the T.asperrimus group,and shares a number of similarities with T.wenxianensis and T.broadoridgus.The dorsal surface of the new Tylototriton species is completely black,with nodule-like warts distributed evenly along the lateral margin of dorsal body,and there is no transverse striae between the warts.There are several diagnostic characters of the new species that differ from those of T.wenxianensis and T.broadoridgus as follows：（1）the interorbital space（IOS）is comparatively wide;（2）there is a bony ridge present on the dorsal head surface,running along the upper eyelids;（3）the space between axilla and groin（AGS）is comparatively large,with the mean male AGS approximately equal to 50%of the snout-vent length（SVL）and the mean female AGS being 53%of SVL;and（4）there is a small genital armature on the anterior angle of labial folds present inside the anal fissure of adult males during the breeding season.The result from the molecular phylogenetic analysis of the genus Tylototriton（including the type specimen of the new species）based on the complete DNA sequence of the mitochondrial ND2 gene（1035 bp）indicated that the new species was similar to T.wenxianensis,T.dabienicus,and T.broadoridgus,but formed an independent clade.This result was consistent with the morphological analysis above,supporting that the Liuyang Population represented a distinct species.

A NOTICE TO CONDUCT A TRAINING COURSE IN THE TECHNIQUE OF "THE THERAPY OF THE ELECTROTHERMAL MOXIBUSTION INSTRUMENT

"The therapy of the electrothermal moxibustion instrument" is a new method oftreatment conducted with a new electromoxibustion instrument,which was studied and invented by Mr.Gao Dahai,an associated chief doctor,a"May 1" labour medal winner,an exemplary medical worker of thewhole country and a labour model of Hubei province.It’s technical achievement was appraised andrecognized at the provincial level,and it was awarded and inventive prize named Spark Cup of thewhole country,and got the national patent（No.of the patent:882121766,932172704）.

Analysis on Air Quality Statuses in 31 Provincial Capital Cities in China--Taking 2014 as an Example

Air pollution is a hot issue of current research. In recent years,air quality of China shows the significantly declining tendency. To explore temporal-spatial distribution rule of air quality status of China not including Hongkong,Macao and Taiwan,air quality indexes( AQI) of 31 provincial capitals of China in 2014 were taken as research objects. By literature retrieval,data excavation,statistic analysis and logical reasoning,temporalspatial distribution rule of air quality status from 31 provincial capitals of China and its macroscopic origin were deeply studied. The results showed that: firstly,more than 80% of provincial capitals in China had the phenomenon of air quality exceeding standard to different degrees in 2014; secondly,air quality status of China showed significant spatial difference characteristics( P < 0. 05); thirdly,rapid development of the three major industries,promotion of urbanization process and growth of urban population were important causes for bad air quality of 31 provincial capitals of China.

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Sichuan Province:Remarkable Achievements Made in Implementing the Reward Policy

In 2005,Sichuan Province carefully organized and implemented the pilot project to reward rural families practicing family planning. The provincial government mobilized all walks of society to form a concerted effort. Gradually, a sound operational mechanism was established,

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