Stochastic resonance in a single-mode laser driven by frequency modulated signal and coloured noises

By adding frequency modulated signals to the intensity equation of gain noise model of the single-mode laser driven by two coloured noises which are correlated, this paper uses the linear approximation method to calculate the power spectrum and signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） of the laser intensity. The results show that the SNR appears typical stochastic resonance with the variation of intensity of the pump noise and quantum noise. As the amplitude of a modulated signal has effects on the SNR, it shows suppression, monotone increasing, stochastic resonance, and multiple stochastic resonance with the variation of the frequency of a carrier signal and modulated signal.

Blind parameter estimation of pseudo-random binary code-linear frequency modulation signal based on Duffing oscillator at low SNR

Conventional parameter estimation methods for pseudo-random binary code-linear frequency modulation(PRBC-LFM)signals require prior knowledge,are computationally complex,and exhibit poor performance at low signal-to-noise ratios(SNRs).To overcome these problems,a blind parameter estimation method based on a Duffing oscillator array is proposed.A new relationship formula among the state of the Duffing oscillator,the pseudo-random sequence of the PRBC-LFM signal,and the frequency difference between the PRBC-LFM signal and the periodic driving force signal of the Duffing oscillator is derived,providing the theoretical basis for blind parameter estimation.Methods based on amplitude method,short-time Fourier transform method,and power spectrum entropy method are used to binarize the output of the Duffing oscillator array,and their performance is compared.The pseudo-random sequence is estimated using Duffing oscillator array synchronization,and the carrier frequency parameters are obtained by the relational expressions and characteristics of the difference frequency.Simulation results show that this blind estimation method overcomes limitations in prior knowledge and maintains good parameter estimation performance up to an SNR of-35 dB.

A Novel Method to Compensate the Sigma-Delta Shaped Noise for Wide Band Fractional-N Frequency Synthesizers

A novel method to partially compensate sigma-delta shaped noise is proposed. By injecting the compensation current into the passive loop filter during the delay time of the phase frequency detector（PFD）,a maximum reduction of the phase noise by about 16dB can be achieved. Compared to other compensation methods,the technique proposed here is relatively simple and easy to implement. Key building blocks for realizing the noise cancellation,including the delay variable PFD and compensation current source, are specially designed. Both the behavior level and circuit level simulation results are presented.

Carrier frequency and symbol rate estimation based on cyclic spectrum

Carrier frequency and symbol rate estimation are the main contents of parameter estimation,which is the basis of modulation recognition and further processing of signals especially in non-cooperative communication.With the development of wireless communication,the signal transmission environment has become increasingly bad,causing more difficulties in parameter estimation.It is well known that the signal cycle spectrum is robust to noises and signal parameters are closely related.In practice,it is impossible to calculate the cyclic spectrum of infinite length data signals.When using finite length data to obtain a cycle spectrum,the truncation noise is induced,resulting in interference.It is necessary to overcome the influence of noises in order to improve the detection ability of discrete spectral lines.An improved method of the discrete spectral line extraction algorithm is proposed by reflecting the amplitude advantage of discrete spectral lines through salient features of continuous noises in discrete spectral line neighborhood.

Time-Fractal Modulation—Possible Modulation Effects in Human Therapy

The malignant processes deviate from the healthy homeostatic control, and various “tricks” enable malignant cells to avoid the healthy regulation. Consequently, the malignant structures miss the apoptosis and proliferate without restriction, and without the formation of communication networks in the newly formed cells. The modulation supports the homeostatic control to rearrange the health regulation processes in various ways. The modulation acts with stochastic processes, using stochastic resonances for molecular excitations, supporting the regulative enzymatic processes. The number of stochastic resonant frequencies is as many as the number of enzymatic reactions. The malignant cells differ structurally and dynamically in their connections and interactions from their healthy host tissues. The radiofrequency carrier is modulated with an appropriate time-fractal (1/f) noise to select the autonomic cancer-cells, destroy them, or force the precancerous, semi-individual cells to participate in the networking connections. The modulation in this way limits the cellular autonomy of malignant cells and boosts the healthy control. The resonant energy triggers apoptotic processes and helps immunogenic actions deliver extracellular genetic information for antigen-presentation. The modulation is applied in clinical practice. The therapy (modulated electro-hyperthermia, mEHT) is intensively used in oncology in complementary applications and for palliative stages, and occasionally even as a monotherapy.

Simultaneous detection of CH_(4)and CO_(2)through dual modulation off-axis integrated cavity output spectroscopy

This study established a novel method for the simultaneous detection of two-component gases.Radio frequency(RF)white noise disturbance laser current and wavelength modulation were simultaneously used to improve the off-axis integrated cavity output spectroscopy technique,and a high-precision dual modulation OA-ICOS(RF-WM-OA-ICOS)system was established.The two laser beams were coupled into one laser beam that was applied incident to the cavity of RF-WM-OA-ICOS system.The second harmonic signals of CH_(4)and CO_(2)gas simultaneously appeared in the rising or falling edge of a triangular wave.This method was used to measure CH_(4)and CO_(2)with different concentrations.The results indicated that the proposed system has high stability and can accurately and simultaneously measure the concentrations of CH_(4)and CO_(2),with an optimal integration time of 220 s.The minimum detection limit was 10 ppb for CH_(4)and 1.5 ppm for CO_(2).The corresponding noise equivalent absorption sensitivity values were calculated as 2.67×10^(-13)cm^(-1)·Hz^(-1/2)and 5.18×10^(-11)cm^(-1)·Hz^(-1/2),respectively.The proposed dual-component gas simultaneous detection method can also be used for high-precision simultaneous detection of other gases.Therefore,this study may serve as a reference for developing portable multicomponent gas analyzers.

A Δ ∑ fractional-N frequency synthesizer for FM tuner using low noise filter and quantization noise suppression technique

A △∑ fractional-N frequency synthesizer fabricated in a 130 nm CMOS technology is presented for the application of an FM tuner. A low noise filter, occupying a small die area and decreasing the output noise, is integrated on a chip. A quantization noise suppression technique, using a reduced step size of the frequency divider, is also adopted. The proposed synthesizer needs no off-chip components and occupies an area of 0.7 mm2. The in-band phase noise （from 10 to 100 kHz） below -108 dBc/Hz and out-of-band phase noise of -122.9 dBc/Hz （at 1 MHz offset） are measured with a loop bandwidth of 200 kHz. The quantization noise suppression technique reduces the in-band and out-of band phase noise by 15 dB and 7 dB respectively. The integrated RMS phase error is no more than 0.48°. The proposed synthesizer consumes a total power of 7.4 mW and the frequency resolution is less than 1 Hz.

A dual-band frequency synthesizer for CMMB application with low phase noise

A wide-band frequency synthesizer with low phase noise is presented.The frequency tuning range is from 474 to 858 MHz which is compatible with U-band CMMB application while the S-band frequency is also included. Three VCOs with selectable sub-band are integrated on chip to cover the target frequency range.This PLL is fabricated with 0.35μm SiGe BiCMOS technology.The measured result shows that the RMS phase error is less than 1°and the reference spur is less than -60 dBc.The proposed PLL consumes 20 mA current from a 2.8 V supply.The silicon area occupied without PADs is 1.17 mm;.

A 55 nm CMOS ΔΣ fractional-N frequency synthesizer for WLAN transceivers with low noise filters

A fully integrated △∑ fractional-N frequency synthesizer fabricated in a 55 nm CMOS technology is presented for the application of IEEE 802.11b/g wireless local area network （WLAN） transceivers. A low noise filter, occupying a small die area, whose power supply is given by a high PSRR and low noise LDO regulator, is integrated on chip. The proposed synthesizer needs no off-chip components and occupies an area of 0.72 mm^2excluding PAD. Measurement results show that in all channels, the phase noise of the synthesizer achieves -99 dBc/Hz and -119 dBc/Hz in band and out of band respectively with a reference frequency of 40 MHz and a loop bandwidth of 200 kHz. The integrated RMS phase error is no more than 0.6°. The proposed synthesizer consumes a total power of 15.6 mW.

基于Duffing振子的伪码调相线性调频复合调制引信干扰设计

针对现代战场伪码调相与线性调频(LFM)复合调制引信干扰技术的迫切需求,在研究伪码调相与线性调频复合调制引信信号激励的Duffing振子输出信号特性的基础上,提出了基于Duffing振子阵列同步性和频率变化关系特性的复合调制引信参数估计方法,并在参数估计的基础上进一步提出了复合调制引信干扰波形的设计方案。在仿真与实验分析中,将基于Duffing振子的参数估计方法与典型复合调制引信信号参数估计方法进行对比,分析了基于所提参数估计方法重构出的干扰信号对复合调制引信的作用效果,并与传统欺骗式干扰方法进行半实物实验对比和验证。仿真与实验结果表明:所提参数估计方法在-35 dB信噪比(SNR)下能得到较高精度的参数估计结果,且重构出的引信干扰信号在-20 dB信噪比下优于其他传统的欺骗式干扰信号。

基于线性调频连续波的合作式通信辐射源测距

针对加速运动目标参数估计中,离散多项式变换方法无法进行非整数估计的问题,本文提出基于瑞夫算法的离散多项式变换法和基于Chirp-Z变换的离散多项式变换法2种新型离散多项式变换算法,对加速运动目标速度和加速度进行估计,并对2种算法的估计误差和计算量进行了分析比较。结果表明:2种算法在信噪比-20 dB时均方误差开始接近克拉美罗界。基于瑞夫算法的离散多项式变换法与3次迭代基于Chirp-Z变换的离散多项式变换法均可在较低信噪比下可实现任意频率的有效估计且性能接近,二者均可实现低信噪比下速度、加速度的有效估计,但基于瑞夫算法的离散多项式变换法计算量远小于3次迭代基于Chirp-Z变换的离散多项式变换法。

脉冲噪声下基于Sigmoid的LFM信号参数估计

由于脉冲噪声具有的短时大幅值特性,使得基于高斯假设的信号参数估计方法无法在脉冲噪声环境下有效估计参数。针对此问题,利用α稳定分布模拟随机脉冲噪声,提出了一种基于Sigmoid-CFRFT的LFM信号参数估计方法。首先,建立了一种自适应Sigmoid函数,证明了信号经过此非线性变换后,信号的2阶矩由无界变为有界,且信号的相位信息保持不变。其次,将变换后的信号进行离散时间CFRFT,建立了数学优化模型,并使用水循环算法搜索最优值点。最后,利用了非标准SαS分布噪声的修正方法,分析了标准和非标准分布下参数估计的性能。仿真结果说明,所提方法不仅可以有效抑制脉冲噪声对LFM信号分数谱特征的影响,而且能够实现低信噪比信号参数的高精度估计。相比于现有的基于非线性变换的参数估计方法,本文方法具有更好的精度,稳定性和噪声鲁棒性。

基于FRFT的低信噪比LFM信号参数快速估计算法

基于分数阶傅里叶变换(Fractional Fourier Transform,FRFT)对线性调频(Linear Frequency Modulated,LFM)信号参数进行估计,问题关键是确定FRFT最佳阶数,根据误差迭代思想提出新的参数估计算法,该算法利用归一化带宽和旋转角的转化关系,由估计误差推算角度差值,有效降低了运算量,不需要调频斜率正负的先验信息,改进的对数搜索算法可以进一步提高参数估计结果的稳定性和可靠性。仿真结果表明,信噪比在-8 dB以上时该方法在高效率的前提下仍具有良好的参数估计性能,平均估计误差在1%以内,估计结果接近Cramer-Rao下限,满足工程实时处理需求。

基于非负矩阵分解的双曲调频信号目标回波增强

双曲调频信号是主动声呐中常用的多普勒不敏感信号。在实际使用中,由于信道变化和混响影响,目标回波较弱。针对水下航行器主动声呐探测性能下降问题,本文提出基于非负矩阵分解的双曲调频信号目标回波增强方法。该方法对目标回波和干扰信号的基矩阵分别定义,将发射信号的时频图作为目标回波的频率信息矩阵,对目标回波的时间信息矩阵做出约束,迭代处理完成目标回波的增强,获得较高增益的匹配回波检测结果。数值仿真和海上试验结果表明:本文方法与传统匹配滤波方法相比,其峰均比值提高了2 dB以上,提高了回波检测结果。

基于氮化硅微腔的2μm波段孤子光梳研究

本文研究了氮化硅微腔在2μm波段的光学频率梳产生。通过几何设计对氮化硅波导进行色散调控,选取合适的总线波导尺寸,从热吸收理论出发,讨论氮化硅微腔不同调制频率下的热折射噪声。以非线性薛定谔方程为基础模型,研究不同色散作用下的腔体演变过程。数值结果表明,氮化硅在2μm波段能够更清晰地观察系统的滞后状态转变,即系统向稳定域转变过程的弛豫振荡现象,同时在高阶色散的作用下,腔体能够更快地向稳态孤子转变,这为研究呼吸孤子提供了方案。

脉冲噪声下基于CNN-FRFT的线性调频信号参数估计方法

由于脉冲噪声破坏了线性调频(LFM)信号的分数谱特征,使得基于分数谱特征的参数估计方法无法有效估计参数。针对这个问题,提出一种脉冲噪声环境下基于CNN-FRFT的LFM信号参数估计方法。首先,利用α稳定分布拟合随机脉冲噪声,构建加性含噪信号,输入卷积神经网络(CNN)进行训练和测试;其次,利用训练好的CNN模型对信号进行去噪,并验证模型的去噪能力和泛化能力;最后,利用分数阶傅里叶变换(FRFT)建立去噪信号的分数谱,通过峰值点位置来估计LFM信号的参数。实验结果表明,相比于传统的基于非线性函数的方法,该方法在强脉冲噪声环境下具有更好的精度和噪声鲁棒性,CNN的应用使其具有更强的泛化能力,在实测脉冲噪声下仍可以准确估计参数。

脉冲噪声下基于DCNN的LFM信号去噪方法

由于脉冲噪声具有明显的尖峰脉冲特性,使得基于高斯假设的传统去噪方法无法有效滤除脉冲噪声。针对这个问题,文中提出了一种脉冲噪声下基于深度卷积神经网络(DCNN)的线性调频(LFM)信号去噪方法。首先,生成LFM信号和随机脉冲噪声,构建不同广义信噪比下的数据集,输入DCNN进行训练和测试。进而,从时域波形图、分数谱、时频分布三个方面验证模型的去噪能力。最后,对去噪LFM信号进行分数阶傅里叶变换,通过搜寻分数谱中的峰值点来估计LFM信号的参数。仿真实验结果表明,文中方法不仅能够有效去除含噪信号中的随机脉冲噪声,而且还可以保持LFM信号的时域特征、分数谱特征和时频特征基本不变,进而提高了参数估计的噪声鲁棒性。与传统的基于非线性变换的方法相比,本文方法在低信噪比下仍能有效保持信号的分数谱特征和时频特征,具有更好的去噪性能和泛化能力。

一种快速连续跳频的超宽带多功能频综模块设计

基于快速连续跳频和超宽带射频收发电路的应用,设计了一种快速连续跳频的超宽带多功能频综模块,可实现0.1~9.8 GHz工作频段的快速连续或非连续跳频功能,以及FDD、TDD收发电路中上下变频的处理。采用“乒乓”锁相环(PLL)作为整体架构,结合多路复用开关(MUX)实现快速跳频功能,并产生收发电路所需的本振信号。最终实现适用于通信、雷达无线电跳频、软件无线电、干扰抗扰等相关领域的频综模块。结果表明,6 GHz相位噪声不大于-110 dBc/Hz@100 kHz,快速连续跳频可达至少30 000跳/s,具有优良的时钟性能。

信道噪声技术在调频广播发射中的应用研究

针对调频广播发射中的信道噪声问题展开研究,通过建立综合噪声模型、设计自适应预加重滤波器和优化编码调制方案,构建一套基于信道噪声技术的调频广播发射系统。仿真实验表明,该系统在不同噪声环境下均能有效提升信噪比、降低调制误码率并提高频谱效率。

精准调频型动力吸振器线路应用效果分析

针对某地铁线路在运营过程中的钢轨振动峰值曲线特性,采用动力吸振原理,开发了一种对该峰值进行精准调频的动力吸振器,并对该型动力吸振器进行线路应用效果分析。采用试验法对更换该型动力吸振器前后的测试断面分别进行钢轨振动及线路噪声应用效果测试,分别计算出钢轨减振量及线路降噪量。相对于更换之前,该型动力吸振器在设计频段钢轨振动降低4.4 dB~8.1 dB,线路噪声在300 Hz~600 Hz频段降低3.8 dB(A)。测试结果表明,该精准调频型动力吸振器在线路应用中具有较好的减振降噪效果,由于线路噪声来源复杂,该频段噪声还有其他噪声源成分。